Claims
- 1. An article, comprising:
a substrate having at least one surface; and a photo-induced hydrophilic coating deposited over at least a portion of the at least one surface, wherein an outer surface of the photo-induced hydrophilic coating has a root mean square roughness of less than or equal to 2 nm; and wherein the photo-induced hydrophilic coating is deposited by a process selected from chemical vapor deposition, magnetron sputtered vacuum deposition, and spray pyrolysis.
- 2. The article as claimed in claim 1, wherein a contact angle of a water droplet on the article is less than 15° after exposure of the coating to UVA340 radiation at 24 W/m2 for 60 mins.
- 3. The article as claimed in claim 1, wherein a contact angle of a water droplet on the article is less than 10° after exposure of the coating to UVA340 radiation at 24 W/m2 for 60 mins.
- 4. The article as claimed in claim 1, wherein a contact angle of a water droplet on the article is less than 5° after exposure of the coating to UVA340 radiation at 24 W/m2 for 60 mins.
- 5. The article as claimed in claim 1, wherein the contact angle of a water droplet on the article is less than or equal to 1°.
- 6. The article as claimed in claim 1, wherein the photo-induced hydrophilic coating has a thickness of less than or equal to 500 Å.
- 7. The article as claimed in claim 1, wherein the photo-induced hydrophilic coating has a thickness of less than or equal to 400 Å.
- 8. The article as claimed in claim 1, wherein the photo-induced hydrophilic coating has a thickness of less than or equal to 300 Å.
- 9. The article as claimed in claim 1, wherein the photo-induced hydrophilic coating has a thickness of less than or equal to 200 Å.
- 10. The article as claimed in claim 1, wherein the photo-induced hydrophilic coating has a thickness in the range of 50 Å to 500 Å.
- 11. The article as claimed in claim 1, wherein the photo-induced hydrophilic coating includes at least one metal oxide and/or metal alloy oxide selected from titanium oxides, silicon oxides, aluminum oxides, iron oxides, silver oxides, copper oxides, tungsten oxides, zinc/tin alloy oxides, zinc stannates, molybdenum oxides, zinc oxides, strontium titanate, cobalt oxides, chromium oxides, and mixtures or combinations thereof.
- 12. The article as claimed in claim 1, wherein the photo-induced hydrophilic coating comprises titanium dioxide.
- 13. The article as claimed in claim 12, wherein the titanium dioxide is selected from the group consisting of anatase, rutile, brookite, amorphous, and mixtures or combinations thereof.
- 14. The article as claimed in claim 1, wherein the photo-induced hydrophilic coating is substantially non-porous.
- 15. The article as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outer surface of the coating has a root mean square roughness of less than or equal to 1 nm.
- 16. The article as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outer surface of the coating has a root mean square roughness in the range of 0.2 nm to 0.7 nm.
- 17. The article as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coating has a photocatalytic activity of less than or equal to 5×10−3 cm−1 min−1.
- 18. The article as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coating has a photocatalytic activity of less than or equal to 3×10−3 cm−1 min−1.
- 19. The article as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coating has a photocatalytic activity of less than or equal to 2×10−3 cm−1 min−1±2×10−3 cm−1 min−1.
- 20. The article as claimed in claim 1, wherein the article has a visible light reflectance in the range of 15% to 25%.
- 21. The article as claimed in claim 1, including at least one additional coating located between the photo-induced hydrophilic coating and the substrate.
- 22. The article as claimed in claim 21, wherein the additional coating is a functional coating selected from the group consisting of a sodium ion diffusion barrier, a solar control coating, and an antireflective coating.
- 23. The article as claimed in claim 1, wherein the substrate includes a first surface and a second surface, with the coating deposited over at least a portion of the first surface and with the second surface having tin diffused therein.
- 24. The article as claimed in claim 1, wherein the substrate is a float glass ribbon and the process is selected from chemical vapor deposition and spray pyrolysis.
- 25. The article as claimed in claim 24, wherein the float glass ribbon is located in a molten metal bath and the process is chemical vapor deposition.
- 26. The article as claimed in claim 1, wherein the article is a monolithic or laminated window unit having an inner surface and an outer surface with the photo-induced hydrophilic coating deposited on the outer surface.
- 27. The article as claimed in claim 1, wherein the article is an insulating glass unit having number 1, 2, 3, and 4 surfaces and the photo-induced hydrophilic coating is located on at least one of the number 1 or number 4 surfaces.
- 28. The article as claimed in claim 27, including a functional coating located on at least one of the number 2, number 3, or number 4 surfaces.
- 29. The article as claimed in claim 1, wherein the article is an automotive transparency.
- 30. The article as claimed in claim 1, wherein the article is an architectural window.
- 31. The article as claimed in claim 1, wherein the article is an automotive transparency having an inner surface and the coating is deposited on the inner surface.
- 32. The article as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coating comprises titanium dioxide having a thickness in the range of 200 Å to 300 Å, a root mean square smoothness of less than or equal to 1 nm, and a photocatalytic activity of less than or equal to 3×10−3 cm−1 min−1.
- 33. The article as claimed in claim 1, wherein the substrate includes a functional coating deposited over at least a portion of the substrate.
- 34. The article as claimed in claim 33, wherein the functional coating is a solar control coating.
- 35. The article as claimed in claim 1, wherein the substrate includes a first surface and a second surface, with the photo-induced hydrophilic coating deposited over at least a portion of the first surface and with a functional coating deposited over at least a portion of the second surface.
- 36. An article, comprising:
a float glass ribbon having at least one surface; and a photo-induced hydrophilic coating deposited directly on at least a portion of the at least one surface, wherein the photo-induced hydrophilic coating is deposited directly on the float glass ribbon in a molten metal bath.
- 37. An article, comprising:
a substrate having at least one surface; and a photo-induced hydrophilic coating deposited over at least a portion of the at least one surface, wherein the photo-induced hydrophilic coating has a photocatalytic activity of less than or equal to 3×10−3 cm−1 min−1.
- 38. An article, comprising:
a substrate having at least one surface; a photo-induced hydrophilic coating deposited over at least a portion of the at least one surface, wherein the substrate is a float glass ribbon located in a molten metal bath, wherein the photo-induced hydrophilic coating has a thickness of 500 Å or less, and wherein the photo-induced hydrophilic coating is deposited over the at least one surface in a molten metal bath by chemical vapor deposition.
- 39. An article, comprising:
a substrate having at least one surface; and a photo-induced hydrophilic coating deposited over at least a portion of the at least one surface, wherein the photo-induced hydrophilic coating is deposited by chemical vapor deposition at a temperature in the range of 500° C. to 1200° C., and wherein the photo-induced hydrophilic coating has a thickness of 500 Å or less.
- 40. A method of forming a photo-induced hydrophilic coating over at least a portion of a substrate, comprising the steps of:
providing a substrate having a first surface and a second surface, with at least one of the surfaces having tin diffused therein; depositing a metal oxide precursor from a coating device onto at least one of the surfaces by a process selected from chemical vapor deposition, spray pyrolysis, and magnetron sputtered vacuum deposition; and heating the substrate to a temperature sufficient to decompose the metal oxide precursor to form the photo-induced hydrophilic coating having a root mean square roughness of 2 nm or less.
- 41. The method as claimed in claim 40, wherein the coating device is a chemical vapor deposition coater, and the metal oxide precursor is selected from titanium tetrachloride, titanium tetraisopropoxide, titanium tetraethoxide, titanium tetrabutoxide, and mixtures thereof.
- 42. The method as claimed in claim 40, wherein the photo-induced hydrophilic coating comprises titanium dioxide.
- 43. The method as claimed in claim 40, wherein the photo-induced hydrophilic coating has a thickness such that a contact angle of a water droplet on the coated substrate is less than 15° after exposure of the coating to UV radiation of 340 nm at an intensity of 24 W/m2 for 60 mins.
- 44. The method as claimed in claim 40, wherein the photo-induced hydrophilic coating has a thickness of less than or equal to 300 Å.
- 45. The method as claimed in claim 40, wherein the photo-induced hydrophilic hydrophilic coating has a thickness of 50 Å to 250 Å.
- 46. The method as claimed in claim 40, wherein the coating device is a pyrolytic coater and the method includes directing a suspension of the metal oxide precursor from the pyrolytic coater onto the first surface.
- 47. The method as claimed in claim 40, wherein the metal oxide precursor is deposited directly onto the surface of the substrate.
- 48. The method as claimed in claim 40, wherein the coating has a photocatalytic activity of less than or equal to 3×10−3 cm−1 min−1.
- 49. The method as claimed in claim 40, wherein the coating has a thickness in the range of 200 Å to 300 Å, a root mean square roughness of 0.2 nm to 1.5 nm, and a photocatalytic activity of less than or equal to 3×10−3 cm−1 min−1.
- 50. A method of forming a photo-induced hydrophilic coating over at least a portion of a substrate, comprising the steps of:
providing a float glass ribbon in a molten metal bath; depositing a metal oxide precursor material from a coating device directly onto a top surface of the glass ribbon by chemical vapor deposition; and heating the glass ribbon to a temperature sufficient to decompose the metal oxide precursor material to form the photo-induced hydrophilic coating.
- 51. The method according to claim 50, including depositing the metal oxide precursor material to provide a photo-induced hydrophilic coating having a thickness of 500 Å or less.
- 52. A method of forming a photo-induced hydrophilic coating over at least a portion of a substrate, comprising the steps of:
providing a substrate having at least one surface; depositing a metal oxide precursor material from a CVD coating device over at least a portion of the at least one surface; heating the substrate to a temperature in the range of 400° C. to 1200° C. to decompose the metal oxide precursor material to form the photo-induced hydrophilic coating; and providing sufficient precursor material such that the photo-induced hydrophilic coating has a thickness of 500 Å or less.
- 53. A product formed by the process of claim 40.
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 09/282,943 to Greenberg et al., entitled “Photocatalytically-Activated Self-Cleaning Appliances”, filed Apr. 1, 1999, which is a divisional of U.S. application Ser. No. 08/899,257, filed Jul. 23, 1997 (now U.S. Pat. No. 6,027,766), which claimed the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Serial No. 60/040,566, filed Mar. 14, 1997, all of which applications are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety. This application also claims the benefits of U.S. Provisional Application Serial No. 60/272,197 filed Feb. 28, 2001 entitled “Photo-Induced Hydrophilic Article and Method of Making Same”, which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.
Provisional Applications (2)
|
Number |
Date |
Country |
|
60040566 |
Mar 1997 |
US |
|
60272197 |
Feb 2001 |
US |
Divisions (1)
|
Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
08899257 |
Jul 1997 |
US |
Child |
09282943 |
Apr 1999 |
US |
Continuation in Parts (1)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
09282943 |
Apr 1999 |
US |
Child |
10075996 |
Feb 2002 |
US |