Claims
- 1. A photoactivatable chemical linking agent capable, upon activation, of covalent attachment to a surface and/or target molecule, the agent comprising a charged, nonpolymeric di- or higher functional photoactivatable compound comprising two or more photoreactive groups, each capable of being activated to form a covalent bond with the surface or target molecule, and one or more charged groups, wherein the number and/or type of charged group(s) is sufficient to provide the agent with sufficient aqueous solubility to allow the agent to be used in a solvent system having water as the major component and wherein each charged group is independently selected from the group consisting of sulfonate, phosphonate, and carboxylate groups, wherein the photoreactive groups each, independently, comprise an aryl ketone.
- 2. The linking agent according to claim 1 wherein each aryl ketone is selected from the group consisting of acetophenone, benzophenone, anthraquinone, anthrone, and anthrone-like heterocycles, and their substituted derivatives.
- 3. A photoactivatable cross-linking agent comprising a compound of the formula:
- X--Y--X
- wherein each X, independently, is a radical containing a photoreactive group comprising an aryl ketone and Y is a radical containing one or more charged groups, wherein the number and/or type of charged group(s) is sufficient to provide the agent with sufficient aqueous solubility to allow the agent to be used in a solvent system having water as the major component and wherein each charged group is independently selected from the group consisting of sulfonate, phosphonate, and carboxylate groups.
- 4. The linking agent according to claim 3 wherein each aryl ketone is selected from the group consisting of acetophenone, benzophenone, anthraquinone, anthrone, and anthrone-like heterocycles, and their substituted derivatives.
- 5. A photoactivatable cross-linking agent comprising: ##STR11##
- 6. A surface bearing a coating comprising a target molecule cross-linked to the surface by the activation of a photoactivatable chemical linking agent, the agent comprising a charged, nonpolymeric di- or higher functional photoactivatable compound, the compound comprising two or more photoreactive groups activated to form covalent bonds with the surface and the target molecule and one or more charged groups, wherein the number and/or type of charged group(s) is sufficient to provide the agent with sufficient aqueous solubility to allow the agent to be used in a solvent system having water as the major component, wherein the photoreactive groups each, independently, comprise an aryl ketone, and wherein the charged groups are each independently selected from the group consisting of sulfonate, phosphonate, and carboxylate groups.
- 7. The surface according to claim 6 wherein each aryl ketone is selected from the group consisting of acetophenone, benzophenone, anthraquinone, anthrone, and anthrone-like heterocycles, and their substituted derivatives.
- 8. A method of coating a surface with a target molecule, the method comprising the steps of: a) providing a photoactivatable chemical linking agent capable, upon activation, of covalent attachment to a surface and the target molecule, the agent comprising a charged, nonpolymeric di- or higher functional photoactivatable compound comprising two or more photoreactive groups, the photoreactive groups each, independently, comprising an aryl ketone, the compound comprising one or more charged groups, each charged group being independently selected from the group consisting of sulfonate, phosphonate, and carboxylate groups, and forming a solvent system having water as the major component and comprising the linking agent and a target molecule; b) placing the solvent system in bonding proximity to the surface; and c) activating the photoreactive groups of the linking agent in order to cross-link the target molecule to the surface.
- 9. The method according to claim 8 wherein each aryl ketone is selected from the group consisting of acetophenone, benzophenone, anthraquinone, anthrone, and anthrone-like heterocycles, and their substituted derivatives.
Parent Case Info
This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 08/552,758, filed Nov. 3, 1995, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,714,360.
US Referenced Citations (7)
Non-Patent Literature Citations (4)
Entry |
Menschutkin reaction (Z. Physik. Chem. 5,589 (1890)). |
Organic Synthesis Collective vol. IV, 585 (1963). |
"Plastics", pp. 462-464, in Concise Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering, Kroschwitz, ed., John Wiley and Sons, 1990. |
Kroschwitz, ed., Polyamines and Polyquaternary Ammonium Salts, Concise Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering, John Wiley & Sons, 1990, pp. 761-763. |
Continuations (1)
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Number |
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552758 |
Nov 1995 |
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