Embodiments of the present disclosure relate generally to instant messaging applications. More particularly, but not by way of limitation, the present disclosure addresses systems and methods for monitoring and updating instant messaging applications using location data.
People around the world rely on instant messaging applications to communicate with friends and families. Such instant messaging applications allow users to share information with each other in real-time or near real-time. Expanding the functionality of instant messaging applications can improve the user experience and encourage more user interactions via instant messaging applications.
To easily identify the discussion of any particular element or act, the most significant digit or digits in a reference number refer to the figure number in which that element is first introduced.
In the drawings, which are not necessarily drawn to scale, like numerals may describe similar components in different views. Like numerals having different letter suffixes may represent different instances of similar components. Some embodiments are illustrated by way of example, and not limitation, in the figure of the accompanying drawings in which:
The description that follows includes systems, methods, techniques, instruction sequences, and computing machine program products that embody illustrative embodiments of the disclosure. In the following description, for the purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide an understanding of various embodiments. It will be evident, however, to those skilled in the art, that embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. In general, well-known instruction instances, protocols, structures, and techniques are not necessarily shown in detail.
Sharing location data amongst members of an instant messaging application is a functionality that users of group chats value. Improving the user experience of a group chat can engage new users and encourage existing users to utilize group chat applications. The following paragraphs describe a method for monitoring location data of members in a group chat and updating a group chat interface when two or more members of a group are within a pre-configured physical friend proximity. The described methods and systems improve the operation of the computing devices, both for methods performed by the devices and the user interface structure.
One aspect of the present disclosure describes a system for monitoring and updating a real-time communication session using location data of computer devices within the real-time communication session. The system receives location data of multiple client devices in the real-time communication session using one or more location sensors on the client device. The real-time communication session is configured to receive input from a communication session user interface displayed on the multiple client devices. The system determines that a first client device and a second client device in the real-time communication session are within a pre-configured distance. In response to determining that the first client device and the second client device are within the pre-configured physical distance, the system causes display of an updated communication session user interface on the plurality of client devices, the updated communication user interface displaying an indication that the first client device and the second client device are within the pre-configured physical distance.
One embodiment is a computing device configured to display on a graphical user interface a real-time communication session. The real-time communication session is configured to receive input from a communication session user interface displayed on the computing device. In some examples, the communication session user interface includes a message thread between multiple computing devices. The computing device may be configured to display an updated communication session user interface displaying an indication that a first client device and a second client device within the real-time communication session are within a pre-configured distance. In some examples, the computing device may be configured to display a map depicting location data of computing devices within the real-time communication session. The map may be displayed simultaneously with the message thread within the communication session user interface.
Accordingly, each messaging client application 104 can communicate and exchange data with another messaging client application 104 and with the messaging server system 108 via the network 106. The data exchanged between messaging client applications 104, and between a messaging client application 104 and the messaging server system 108, includes functions (e.g., commands to invoke functions) as well as payload data (e.g., text, audio, video or other multimedia data).
The messaging server system 108 provides server-side functionality via the network 106 to a messaging client application 104. While certain functions of the messaging system 100 are described herein as being performed by either a messaging client application 104 or by the messaging server system 108, it will be appreciated that the location of certain functionality either within the messaging client application 104 or the messaging server system 108 is a design choice. For example, it may be technically preferable to initially deploy certain technology and functionality within the messaging server system 108, but to later migrate this technology and functionality to the messaging client application 104 where a client device 102 has a sufficient processing capacity.
The messaging server system 108 supports various services and operations that are provided to the messaging client application 104. Such operations include transmitting data to, receiving data from, and processing data generated by the messaging client application 104. This data may include, message content, client device information, geolocation information, media annotation and overlays, message content persistence conditions, social network information, and live event information, as examples. Data exchanges within the messaging system 100 are invoked and controlled through functions available via user interfaces (UIs) of the messaging client application 104.
Turning now specifically to the messaging server system 108, an Application Program Interface (API) server 110 is coupled to, and provides a programmatic interface to, an application server 112. The application server 112 is communicatively coupled to a database server 118, which facilitates access to a database 120 in which is stored data associated with messages processed by the application server 112.
Dealing specifically with the Application Program Interface (API) server 110, this server receives and transmits message data (e.g., commands and message payloads) between the client device 102 and the application server 112. Specifically, the Application Program Interface (API) server 110 provides a set of interfaces (e.g., routines and protocols) that can be called or queried by the messaging client application 104 in order to invoke functionality of the application server 112. The Application Program Interface (API) server 110 exposes various functions supported by the application server 112, including account registration, login functionality, the sending of messages, via the application server 112, from a particular messaging client application 104 to another messaging client application 104, the sending of media files (e.g., images or video) from a messaging client application 104 to the messaging server application 114, and for possible access by another messaging client application 104, the setting of a collection of media data (e.g., story), the retrieval of a list of friends of a user of a client device 102, the retrieval of such collections, the retrieval of messages and content, the adding and deletion of friends to a social graph, the location of friends within a social graph, opening and application event (e.g., relating to the messaging client application 104).
The application server 112 hosts a number of applications and subsystems, including a messaging server application 114, an image processing system 116, a social network system 122, and a Physical friend proximity system 124. The messaging server application 114 implements a number of message processing technologies and functions, particularly related to the aggregation and other processing of content (e.g., textual and multimedia content) included in messages received from multiple instances of the messaging client application 104. As will be described in further detail, the text and media content from multiple sources may be aggregated into collections of content. These collections are then made available, by the messaging server application 114, to the messaging client application 104. Other processor and memory intensive processing of data may also be performed server-side by the messaging server application 114, in view of the hardware requirements for such processing.
The application server 112 also includes an image processing system 116 that is dedicated to performing various image processing operations, typically with respect to images or video received within the payload of a message at the messaging server application 114.
The social network system 122 supports various social networking functions services and makes these functions and services available to the messaging server application 114. To this end, the social network system 122 maintains and accesses an entity graph 304 within the database 120. Examples of functions and services supported by the social network system 122 include the identification of other users of the messaging system 100 with which a particular user has relationships or is “following”, and also the identification of other entities and interests of a particular user.
The physical friend proximity system 124 may include one or more servers and may be associated with a cloud-based application. The physical friend proximity system 124 may obtain location data from multiple client devices in a real-time communication session using one or more location sensors of the client devices. The physical friend proximity system 124 monitors the location data and updates the real-time communication session when at least two client devices in the real-time communication session are within a pre-configured physical proximity. The details of the physical friend proximity system 124 are provided below in connection with
The application server 112 is communicatively coupled to a database server 118, which facilitates access to a database 120 in which is stored data associated with messages processed by the messaging server application 114.
The ephemeral timer system 202 is responsible for enforcing the temporary access to content permitted by the messaging client application 204 and the messaging server application 114. To this end, the ephemeral timer system 202 incorporates multiple timers that, based on duration and display parameters associated with a message, or collection of messages, selectively display and enable access to messages and associated content via the messaging client application 204. Further details regarding the operation of the ephemeral timer system 202 are provided below.
The collection management system 206 is responsible for managing collections of media (e.g., collections of text, image video and audio data). In some examples, a collection of content (e.g., messages, including images, video, text and audio) may be organized. Such a collection may be made available for a specified time period, such as the duration of an event to which the content relates. For example, content relating to a music concert may be made available for the duration of that music concert. The collection management system 206 may also be responsible for publishing an icon that provides notification of the existence of a particular collection to the user interface of the messaging client application 204.
The collection management system 206 furthermore includes a curation interface 210 that allows a collection manager to manage and curate a collection of content. For example, the curation interface 210 enables an event organizer to curate a collection of content relating to a specific event (e.g., delete inappropriate content or redundant messages). Additionally, the collection management system 206 employs machine vision (or image recognition technology) and content rules to automatically curate a content collection. In certain embodiments, compensation may be paid to a user for inclusion of user generated content into a collection. In such cases, the curation interface 210 operates to automatically make payments to such users for the use of their content.
The annotation system 208 provides various functions that enable a user to annotate or otherwise modify or edit media content associated with a message. For example, the annotation system 208 provides functions related to the generation and publishing of media overlays for messages processed by the messaging system 100. The annotation system 208 operatively supplies a media overlay, modification, enhancement or effect (e.g., a filter) to the messaging client application 204 based on a geolocation of the client device 102. In another example, the annotation system 208 operatively supplies a media overlay to the messaging client application 204 based on other information, such as, social network information of the user of the client device 102. A media overlay may include audio and visual content and visual effects. Examples of audio and visual content include pictures, texts, logos, animations, and sound effects. An example of a visual effect includes color overlaying. The audio and visual content or the visual effects can be applied to a media content item (e.g., a photo) at the client device 102. For example, the media overlay including text that can be overlaid on top of a photograph generated taken by the client device 102. In another example, the media overlay includes an identification of a location overlay (e.g., Venice beach), a name of a live event, or a name of a merchant overlay (e.g., Beach Coffee House). In another example, the annotation system 208 uses the geolocation of the client device 102 to identify a media overlay that includes the name of a merchant at the geolocation of the client device 102. The media overlay may include other indicia associated with the merchant. The media overlays may be stored in the database 120. and accessed through the database server 118.
In one example embodiment, the annotation system 208 provides a user-based publication platform that enables users to select a geolocation on a map, and upload content associated with the selected geolocation. The user may also specify circumstances under which a particular media overlay should be offered to other users. The annotation system 208 generates a media overlay that includes the uploaded content and associates the uploaded content with the selected geolocation.
In another example embodiment, the annotation system 208 provides a merchant-based publication platform that enables merchants to select a particular media overlay associated with a geolocation via a bidding process. For example, the annotation system 208 associates the media overlay of a highest bidding merchant with a corresponding geolocation for a predefined amount of time.
The database 316 includes message data stored within a message table 314. The entity table 302 stores entity data, including an entity graph 304. Entities for which records are maintained within the entity table 302 may include individuals, corporate entities, organizations, objects, places, events etc. Regardless of type, any entity regarding which the messaging server system 108 stores data may be a recognized entity. Each entity is provided with a unique identifier, as well as an entity type identifier (not shown).
The entity graph 304 furthermore stores information regarding relationships and associations between entities. Such relationships may be social, professional (e.g., work at a common corporation or organization) interested-based or activity-based, merely for example.
The database 316 also stores annotation data, in the example form of filters, in an annotation table 312. Filters for which data is stored within the annotation table 312 are associated with and applied to videos (for which data is stored in a video table 310) and/or images (for which data is stored in an image table 308). Filters, in one example, are overlays that are displayed as overlaid on an image or video during presentation to a recipient user. Filters may be of varies types, including a user-selected filters from a gallery of filters presented to a sending user by the messaging client application 104 when the sending user is composing a message. Other types of filers include geolocation filters (also known as geo-filters) which may be presented to a sending user based on geographic location. For example, geolocation filters specific to a neighborhood or special location may be presented within a user interface by the messaging client application 104, based on geolocation information determined by a GPS unit of the client device 102. Another type of filer is a data filer, which may be selectively presented to a sending user by the messaging client application 104, based on other inputs or information gathered by the client device 102 during the message creation process. Example of data filters include current temperature at a specific location, a current speed at which a sending user is traveling, battery life for a client device 102 or the current time.
Other annotation data that may be stored within the image table 308 is so-called “lens” data. A “lens” may be a real-time special effect and sound that may be added to an image or a video.
As mentioned above, the video table 310 stores video data which, in one embodiment, is associated with messages for which records are maintained within the message table 314. Similarly, the image table 308 stores image data associated with messages for which message data is stored in the entity table 302. The entity table 302 may associate various annotations from the annotation table 312 with various images and videos stored in the image table 308 and the video table 310.
A story table 306 stores data regarding collections of messages and associated image, video or audio data, which are compiled into a collection. The creation of a particular collection may be initiated by a particular user (e.g., each user for which a record is maintained in the entity table 302) A user may create a collection of content that has been created and sent/broadcast by that user. To this end, the user interface of the messaging client application 104 may include an icon that is user selectable to enable a sending user to add specific content to his or her personal collection of content.
A collection may also constitute content from multiple users that is created manually, automatically or using a combination of manual and automatic techniques. For example, a collection may constitute a curated stream of user-submitted content from varies locations and events. Users, whose client devices have location services enabled and are at a common location event at a particular time may, for example, be presented with an option, via a user interface of the messaging client application 104, to contribute content to a particular collection. The collection may be identified to the user by the messaging client application 104, based on his or her location.
A further type of content collection enables a user whose client device 102 is located within a specific geographic location (e.g., on a college or university campus) to contribute to a particular collection. In some embodiments, a contribution to the collection may require a second degree of authentication to verify that the end user belongs to a specific organization or other entity (e.g., is a student on the university campus).
An ephemeral message 402 is shown to be associated with a message duration parameter 408, the value of which determines an amount of time that the ephemeral message 402 will be displayed to a receiving user of the ephemeral message 402 by the messaging client application 104. In one embodiment, an ephemeral message 402 is viewable by a receiving user for up to a maximum of 10 seconds, depending on the amount of time that the sending user specifies using the message duration parameter 408.
The message duration parameter 408 and the message receiver identifier 418 are shown to be inputs to a message timer 414, which is responsible for determining the amount of time that the ephemeral message 402 is shown to a particular receiving user identified by the message receiver identifier 418. In particular, the ephemeral message 402 will only be shown to the relevant receiving user for a time period determined by the value of the message duration parameter 408. The message timer 414 is shown to provide output to a more generalized ephemeral timer system 202, which is responsible for the overall timing of display of content (e.g., an ephemeral message 402) to a receiving user.
The ephemeral message 402 is shown in
Additionally, each ephemeral message 402 within the ephemeral message story 406 has an associated story participation parameter 412, a value of which determines the duration of time for which the ephemeral message 402 will be accessible within the context of the ephemeral message story 406. Accordingly, a particular ephemeral message story 406 may “expire” and become inaccessible within the context of the ephemeral message story 406, prior to the ephemeral message story 406 itself expiring in terms of the story duration parameter 410. The story duration parameter 410, story participation parameter 412, and message receiver identifier 418 each provide input to a story timer 416, which operationally determines, firstly, whether a particular ephemeral message 402 of the ephemeral message story 406 will be displayed to a particular receiving user and, if so, for how long. Note that the ephemeral message story 406 is also aware of the identity of the particular receiving user as a result of the message receiver identifier 418.
Accordingly, the story timer 416 operationally controls the overall lifespan of an associated ephemeral message story 406, as well as an individual ephemeral message 402 included in the ephemeral message story 406. In one embodiment, each ephemeral message 402 within the ephemeral message story 406 remains viewable and accessible for a time-period specified by the story duration parameter 410. In a further embodiment, a certain ephemeral message 402 may expire, within the context of ephemeral message story 406, based on a story participation parameter 412. Note that a message duration parameter 408 may still determine the duration of time for which a particular ephemeral message 402 is displayed to a receiving user, even within the context of the ephemeral message story 406. Accordingly, the message duration parameter 408 determines the duration of time that a particular ephemeral message 402 is displayed to a receiving user, regardless of whether the receiving user is viewing that ephemeral message 402 inside or outside the context of an ephemeral message story 406.
The ephemeral timer 404 may furthermore operationally remove a particular ephemeral message 402 from the ephemeral message story 406 based on a determination that it has exceeded an associated story participation parameter 412. For example, when a sending user has established a story participation parameter 412 of 24 hours from posting, the ephemeral timer 404 will remove the relevant ephemeral message 402 from the ephemeral message story 406 after the specified 24 hours. The ephemeral timer 404 also operates to remove an ephemeral message story 406 either when the story participation parameter 412 for each and every ephemeral message 402 within the ephemeral message story 406 has expired, or when the ephemeral message story 406 itself has expired in terms of the story duration parameter 410.
In certain use cases, a creator of a particular ephemeral message story 406 may specify an indefinite story duration parameter 410. In this case, the expiration of the story participation parameter 412 for the last remaining ephemeral message 402 within the ephemeral message story 406 will determine when the ephemeral message story 406 itself expires. In this case, a new ephemeral message 402, added to the ephemeral message story 406, with a new story participation parameter 412, effectively extends the life of an ephemeral message story 406 to equal the value of the story participation parameter 412.
Responsive to the ephemeral timer 404 determining that an ephemeral message story 406 has expired (e.g., is no longer accessible), the ephemeral timer system 202 communicates with the messaging system 100 (and, for example, specifically the messaging client application 104 to cause an indicium (e.g., an icon) associated with the relevant ephemeral message story 406 to no longer be displayed within a user interface of the messaging client application 104. Similarly, when the ephemeral timer system 202 determines that the message duration parameter 408 for a particular ephemeral message 402 has expired, the ephemeral timer system 202 causes the messaging client application 104 to no longer display an indicium (e.g., an icon or textual identification) associated with the ephemeral message 402.
Any one or more of the systems described may be implemented using hardware alone (e.g., one or more of the processors of a machine) or a combination of hardware and software. For example, any system described of the physical friend proximity system 124 may physically include an arrangement of one or more of the processors (e.g., a subset of or among the one or more processors of the machine) configured to perform the operations described herein for that system. As another example, any system of the physical friend proximity system 124 may include software, hardware, or both, that configure an arrangement of one or more processors (e.g., among the one or more processors of the machine) to perform the operations described herein for that system. Accordingly, different systems of the physical friend proximity system 124 may include and configure different arrangements of such processors or a single arrangement of such processors at different points in time. Moreover, any two or more systems of the physical friend proximity system 124 may be combined into a single system, and the functions described herein for a single system may be subdivided among multiple systems. Furthermore, according to various example embodiments, systems described herein as being implemented within a single machine, database, or device may be distributed across multiple machines, databases, or devices.
In one example embodiment, the real-time communication session system 502 is configured to allow users of the physical friend proximity system 124 to engage in instant messaging. In some examples, the real-time communication session system 502 is a group chat session. For example, users connected with each other within a social network, such as the social network system 122, may use the real-time communication session system 502 to initiate a real-time communication session (e.g., a group chat). Users part of an individual group chat (e.g., real-time communication session) may be referred to as “members.” A group chat may have at least 2 members. The group chat may be configured to receive input from members via a communication user interface (e.g., a group chat interface). Members may transmit messages containing multimedia information using client devices via the communication user interface. Members of the group chat may further share location data associated with their respective client devices. In some examples, the real-time communication session system 502 notifies members of a group chat using the communication user interface when members of the group chat are within a pre-configured physical distance of each other.
The map card system 504 further allows members of a group chat to view location data associated with members of the group chat within a map. In some examples the map card system 504 is accessible via the communication user interface, described above. The location data may be received via one or more location sensors associated with client devices belonging to each member. In some examples, the physical friend proximity system 124 allows client devices to continuously share location data. In some examples, the physical friend proximity system 124 allows client devices to share location data only during use of the physical friend proximity system 124. Members may use the map card system 504 to view the location of other members within the group chat. In some examples, members may share their current location address with one or more members of the group chat via the map card system 504. In some examples, members may share their live location with one or more members of the group chat for a pre-configured duration via the map card system 504. The map card system 504 may further be displayed simultaneously with the messages within the communication user interface.
At operation 602, a computing system (e.g., messaging server system 108) receives location data for a plurality of client devices in a real-time communication session, the real-time communication session configured to receiving input from a communication session user interface displayed on the plurality of client devices. In some examples, the real-time communication session may be generated by the real-time communication session system 502. For example, the real-time communication session may be a group chat. The communication session user interface may display a message thread. For examples, members of the group chat may exchange messages via the communication user interface. The exchanged messages may be displayed as a message thread on the communication user interface.
At operation 604 the physical friend proximity system 124 determines that a first client device and a second client device in the real-time communication session are within a pre-configured physical distance. For example, the physical friend proximity system 124 may use one or more sensors on the first and second client devices to determine the current location of each device and to further determine whether each of the first and second devices are within a pre-configured physical distance of each other. A determination that each of the first and second devices are within the pre-configured physical distance may indicate that the first and second devices are physically proximate. In some examples the pre-configured physical distance may be 30 feet. The pre-configured physical distance may be pre-configured by the physical friend proximity system 124. In some examples, the physical friend proximity system 124 may receive input from one or more users within the real-time communication session of a physical distance threshold.
In response to determining that the first client device and the second client device are within the pre-configured physical distance, the physical friend proximity system 124 at operation 606 causes display of an updated communication session user interface on the plurality of client devices, the updated communication user interface displaying an indication that the first client device and the second client device are within the pre-configured physical distance. In some examples, the indication is a textual annotation.
For example, if Users A, B, and C are part of a group chat (e.g., a real-time communication session) using their respective computer devices, and User A and User B meet in person with their respective devices, the physical friend proximity system 124 may generate a textual annotation that states “User A and User B are together” and may further display that textual annotation within the updated communication session user interface. The textual annotation may be displayed within the message thread.
In some examples, the indication may be user avatars associated with each of User A and User B. For example, if the physical friend proximity system 124 determines that User A and User B are together at a coffee shop, the physical friend proximity system 124 may display avatars of each user drinking a cup coffee. The avatars may be displayed within the message thread. If User C joins Users A and B at the coffee shop, the physical friend proximity system 124 may generate an updated indication that may state, for example, “User C has joined User A and User B.” In some examples, the indication may be a map depicting the locations of Users A, B, and C, such as the map generated by the map card system 504.
Members of the group chat may exchange multimedia information via the communication session interface. In some examples, members of the group chat may initiate phone calls and video calls with one or more members of the group chat via the communication session interface. The communication session interface may be updated with a textual annotation 702. Further details of the textual annotation 702 are described above.
The map 812 may be viewable within the communication session user interface. For example, the physical friend proximity system 124 may cause display of the map 812 and the message thread simultaneously within the communication session user interface. In some examples, the map 812 partially obstructs the message thread. The map 812 may show location data relevant only to members of the real-time communication session (e.g., group chat). In some examples, the map 812 may show location data of members in a group chat by showing a first user avatar 802, a second user avatar 804, and a third user avatar 806.
In some examples, the map 812 generated by the map card system 504 may display a first button 808. The button 808 may be a selectable user interface element configured to send a current address from one member of a group chat to one or more other members of the group chat. The map 812 may further display a second button 810. The second button 810 may be a selectable user interface element configured to share the live location of one member of the group chat to one or more other members of the group chat. In some examples, the second button 810 may be further configured to share the live location for a pre-configured duration of time.
The machine 900 may include processors 902, memory 904, and I/O components 942, which may be configured to communicate with each other via a bus 944. In an example embodiment, the processors 902 (e.g., a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Reduced Instruction Set Computing (RISC) processor, a Complex Instruction Set Computing (CISC) processor, a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an ASIC, a Radio-Frequency Integrated Circuit (RFIC), another processor, or any suitable combination thereof) may include, for example, a processor 906 and a processor 912 that execute the instructions 908. The term “processor” is intended to include multi-core processors that may comprise two or more independent processors (sometimes referred to as “cores”) that may execute instructions contemporaneously. Although
The memory 904 includes a main memory 914, a static memory 916, and a storage unit 918, both accessible to the processors 902 via the bus 944. The main memory 904, the static memory 916, and storage unit 918 store the instructions 908 embodying any one or more of the methodologies or functions described herein. The instructions 908 may also reside, completely or partially, within the main memory 914, within the static memory 916, within machine-readable medium 920 within the storage unit 918, within at least one of the processors 902 (e.g., within the processor's cache memory), or any suitable combination thereof, during execution thereof by the machine 900.
The I/O components 942 may include a wide variety of components to receive input, provide output, produce output, transmit information, exchange information, capture measurements, and so on. The specific I/O components 942 that are included in a particular machine will depend on the type of machine. For example, portable machines such as mobile phones may include a touch input device or other such input mechanisms, while a headless server machine will likely not include such a touch input device. It will be appreciated that the I/O components 942 may include many other components that are not shown in
In further example embodiments, the I/O components 942 may include biometric components 932, motion components 934, environmental components 936, or position components 938, among a wide array of other components. For example, the biometric components 932 include components to detect expressions (e.g., hand expressions, facial expressions, vocal expressions, body gestures, or eye tracking), measure biosignals (e.g., blood pressure, heart rate, body temperature, perspiration, or brain waves), identify a person (e.g., voice identification, retinal identification, facial identification, fingerprint identification, or electroencephalogram-based identification), and the like. The motion components 934 include acceleration sensor components (e.g., accelerometer), gravitation sensor components, rotation sensor components (e.g., gyroscope), and so forth. The environmental components 936 include, for example, illumination sensor components (e.g., photometer), temperature sensor components (e.g., one or more thermometers that detect ambient temperature), humidity sensor components, pressure sensor components (e.g., barometer), acoustic sensor components (e.g., one or more microphones that detect background noise), proximity sensor components (e.g., infrared sensors that detect nearby objects), gas sensors (e.g., gas detection sensors to detection concentrations of hazardous gases for safety or to measure pollutants in the atmosphere), or other components that may provide indications, measurements, or signals corresponding to a surrounding physical environment. The position components 938 include location sensor components (e.g., a GPS receiver component), altitude sensor components (e.g., altimeters or barometers that detect air pressure from which altitude may be derived), orientation sensor components (e.g., magnetometers), and the like.
Communication may be implemented using a wide variety of technologies. The I/O components 942 further include communication components 940 operable to couple the machine 900 to a network 922 or devices 924 via a coupling 926 and a coupling 928, respectively. For example, the communication components 940 may include a network interface component or another suitable device to interface with the network 922. In further examples, the communication components 940 may include wired communication components, wireless communication components, cellular communication components, Near Field Communication (NFC) components, Bluetooth® components (e.g., Bluetooth® Low Energy), WiFi® components, and other communication components to provide communication via other modalities. The devices 924 may be another machine or any of a wide variety of peripheral devices (e.g., a peripheral device coupled via a USB).
Moreover, the communication components 940 may detect identifiers or include components operable to detect identifiers. For example, the communication components 940 may include Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tag reader components, NFC smart tag detection components, optical reader components (e.g., an optical sensor to detect one-dimensional bar codes such as Universal Product Code (UPC) bar code, multi-dimensional bar codes such as Quick Response (QR) code, Aztec code, Data Matrix, Dataglyph, MaxiCode, PDF417, Ultra Code, UCC RSS-2D bar code, and other optical codes), or acoustic detection components (e.g., microphones to identify tagged audio signals). In addition, a variety of information may be derived via the communication components 940, such as location via Internet Protocol (IP) geolocation, location via Wi-Fi® signal triangulation, location via detecting an NFC beacon signal that may indicate a particular location, and so forth.
The various memories (e.g., memory 904, main memory 914, static memory 916, and/or memory of the processors 902) and/or storage unit 918 may store one or more sets of instructions and data structures (e.g., software) embodying or used by any one or more of the methodologies or functions described herein. These instructions (e.g., the instructions 908), when executed by processors 902, cause various operations to implement the disclosed embodiments.
The instructions 908 may be transmitted or received over the network 922, using a transmission medium, via a network interface device (e.g., a network interface component included in the communication components 940) and using any one of a number of well-known transfer protocols (e.g., hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP)). Similarly, the instructions 908 may be transmitted or received using a transmission medium via the coupling 928 (e.g., a peer-to-peer coupling) to the devices 924.
The operating system 1012 manages hardware resources and provides common services. The operating system 1012 includes, for example, a kernel 1014, services 1016, and drivers 1022. The kernel 1014 acts as an abstraction layer between the hardware and the other software layers. For example, the kernel 1014 provides memory management, processor management (e.g., scheduling), component management, networking, and security settings, among other functionality. The services 1016 can provide other common services for the other software layers. The drivers 1022 are responsible for controlling or interfacing with the underlying hardware. For instance, the drivers 1022 can include display drivers, camera drivers, BLUETOOTH® or BLUETOOTH® Low Energy drivers, flash memory drivers, serial communication drivers (e.g., Universal Serial Bus (USB) drivers), WI-FI® drivers, audio drivers, power management drivers, and so forth.
The libraries 1010 provide a low-level common infrastructure used by the applications 1006. The libraries 1010 can include system libraries 1018 (e.g., C standard library) that provide functions such as memory allocation functions, string manipulation functions, mathematic functions, and the like. In addition, the libraries 1010 can include API libraries 1024 such as media libraries (e.g., libraries to support presentation and manipulation of various media formats such as Moving Picture Experts Group-4 (MPEG4), Advanced Video Coding (H.264 or AVC), Moving Picture Experts Group Layer-3 (MP3), Advanced Audio Coding (AAC), Adaptive Multi-Rate (AMR) audio codec, Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG or JPG), or Portable Network Graphics (PNG)), graphics libraries (e.g., an OpenGL framework used to render in two dimensions (2D) and three dimensions (3D) in a graphic content on a display), database libraries (e.g., SQLite to provide various relational database functions), web libraries (e.g., WebKit to provide web browsing functionality), and the like. The libraries 1010 can also include a wide variety of other libraries 1028 to provide many other APIs to the applications 1006.
The frameworks 1008 provide a high-level common infrastructure that is used by the applications 1006. For example, the frameworks 1008 provide various graphical user interface (GUI) functions, high-level resource management, and high-level location services. The frameworks 1008 can provide a broad spectrum of other APIs that can be used by the applications 1006, some of which may be specific to a particular operating system or platform.
In an example embodiment, the applications 1006 may include a home application 1036, a contacts application 1030, a browser application 1032, a book reader application 1034, a location application 1042, a media application 1044, a messaging application 1046, a game application 1048, and a broad assortment of other applications such as a third-party application 1040. The e applications 1006 are programs that execute functions defined in the programs. Various programming languages can be employed to create one or more of the applications 1006, structured in a variety of manners, such as object-oriented programming languages (e.g., Objective-C, Java, or C++) or procedural programming languages (e.g., C or assembly language). In a specific example, the third-party application 1040 (e.g., an application developed using the ANDROID™ or IOS™ software development kit (SDK) by an entity other than the vendor of the particular platform) may be mobile software running on a mobile operating system such as IOS™, ANDROID™, WINDOWS® Phone, or another mobile operating system. In this example, the third-party application 1040 can invoke the API calls 1050 provided by the operating system 1012 to facilitate functionality described herein.
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