FIELD OF INVENTION
This disclosure is related to insulated jackets, which encompasses many forms of coverings, that are shaped to substantially enclose a junction permitting fluid communication between two or more pipes and thereby facilitate the freezing or substantial freezing of the contents of the junction.
SUMMARY OF SELECT EMBODIMENTS
One embodiment of the invention relates to a method of freezing or substantially freezing a pipe junction. An insulated jacket is used to substantially enclose the pipe junction, and then a cooling substance, e.g., liquefied carbon dioxide, is injected into the jacket through injection valves. The cooling substance reduces the temperature of the pipe junction and thereby freezes the contents of the pipe junction. Because different pipe junctions may have irregular shapes or varying dimensions, a flexible jacket material is preferable.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a jacket being applied to a valve.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the jacket in FIG. 1 after being closed around the valve.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the jacket in FIG. 1 after being closed around the valve.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the jacket in FIG. 1 without a valve.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the inside of the jacket in FIG. 1.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a jacket being applied to a four-way “cross” pipe component.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
As shown in the accompanying drawings, an embodiment of the invention is a insulated jacket 100. In FIG. 1, the insulated jacket 100 is shown in an open position about a pipe junction 200. A pipe junction 200 may be any fluid valve, connector, regulator, controller, or other device that permits or regulates fluid communication between two or more pipes. In some embodiments, the pipe junction may join pipes meeting at a non-linear angle. A pipe junction preferably comprises a housing that permits fluid communication from one pipe to another. For example, a pipe junction encompasses a three-way “tee” connection between three pipes or two pipes and a valve wheel (e.g., FIG. 1), a four-way “cross” connection between four pipes (e.g., see FIG. 6), or any other connection arrangement between two or more pipes. In FIG. 1, the chosen pipe junction 200 is a valve. A valve wheel 210 regulates the flow of fluid through the pipe junction 200. One pipe 220 is shown connected to the pipe junction 200 while the other pipe is not shown. As used herein, “pipe” means any conduit for conveying a fluid, regardless of material. In preferred embodiments, the method is applied to pipes made of metal or other conductive material.
The insulated jacket 100, when in the closed position (see, e.g., FIGS. 2 and 3), is shaped to at least substantially enclose the pipe junction 200. As a non-limiting example, a pipe junction is substantially enclosed when a jacket encloses the bulk of the mid-body area of a valve or cross component, namely, the portion of the junction between connection portals or flanges. In certain examples, substantially enclosing may mean covering a high percentage of the surface area of the junction, e.g., at least 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or 95% of the surface area. The insulated jacket may take different sizes and shapes depending on the pipe junction sought to be enclosed.
The insulated jacket 100 comprises an insulated jacket body 110. The jacket body 110 preferably comprises any waterproof synthetic cloth or fabric, e.g., Rayon, Nylon, Kevlar, or Mylar. A preferable insulation is at least ¾ inch closed cell foam. However, other insulating materials that achieve at least an R-value of 25 may be a suitable insulation substitute, however embodiments could employ an R-value of above 15, above 30, above 40, above 50, or higher. The insulated jacket 100 may be moved from an open position to a closed position by wrapping the jacket around the pipe junction 200 and engaging fasteners 120. Fasteners 120 may include one or more of two-piece metal snaps, opposing Velcro sections, button/button loop arrangements, and/or drawstring/sleeve arrangements. In FIG. 1 the chosen fasteners 120 are drawstring/sleeve arrangements and opposing Velcro sections. The insulated jacket 100 is preferably a wrap-around soft device.
Turning to FIG. 2, the insulated jacket 100 is shown in a closed position and fasteners 120 are fully engaged. Two fluid injection valves 130 are positioned on the jacket top side 140 to permit the injection of a cooling substance into the freezing jacket 100. Fluid injection valves 130 are preferably orifice nozzles that spray a liquid cooling substance into the freezing jacket 100. The preferable cooling substance is liquid carbon dioxide, although other cooling substances such as liquefied air, liquid nitrogen, or other liquefied gas may be used. As a non-limiting example only, in order to freeze the contents of a pipe junction 200 containing a high pressure (3500 psi or higher) fluid, which may or may not comprise hydrocarbons, a preferable liquid carbon dioxide injection pressure is from about 1500 psi to about 2000 psi and more preferably about 1800 psi. Upon contact with the pipe junction, the carbon dioxide forms a dry ice solid. Fluids containing a substantial amount of liquid hydrocarbons, such as diesel, may be frozen in a pipe junction in this way. Preferably, the fluid to be frozen is in a static or low flow rate condition to the extent possible.
The number of fluid injections valves 130 may vary depending on the size of the pipe junction 200 to be frozen. Preferably, one injection valve 130 is used for every thirty-six square inches of jacket. However, more or less injection valves 130 may be used depending on the size and shape of the pipe junction 200 and the target temperature to be achieved. As a non-limiting example, a 2 and 1/16 inch manual gate valve at 80 degrees Fahrenheit may be frozen in approximately 1 hour. Once frozen, the flow of the cooling substance may be reduced to maintain the frozen state of the fluid within the junction. There are several signs that may indicate whether the fluid within the junction is frozen, including: an ice ball forming inside the jacket and expanding in shape and firmness; information from one or more temperature sensors inside the jacket, on the junction itself, and/or on one or more bore connections; and information from a pressure gauge, if present. Another way to determine whether a given junction is frozen includes using negative/positive pressure tests against the junction.
Turning to FIG. 3, the insulated jacket 100 is shown in the closed position. Fluid injection valves 130 are located on the jacket top side 140, the jacket bottom side 141 (not shown), and the jacket closed end 150. FIG. 4 shows the insulated jacket 100 in an open position with the fasteners 120 not engaged. The jacket top side 140, jacket bottom side 141, and jacket closed end 150 are shown. FIG. 5 shows an inside view of the insulated jacket 100.
FIG. 6 shows a pipe junction 200, which is a four-way cross component. The freeze jacket 100 is shaped to substantially enclose the pipe junction 200 in its closed position. The freeze jacket 100 has fluid injection valves 130. Five-way cross components and valves are also known in the art. After the benefit of this disclosure, one of ordinary skill in the art would be able to design a flexible insulated jacket to substantially enclose such pipe junctions. The jacket or jacket body may be comprised of one or more sections, ends, or flaps of material that may or may not be detachable from one another when in an open or closed position.
The embodiments shown in the drawings and described above are exemplary of numerous embodiments that may be made within the scope of the appended claims. It is contemplated that numerous other configurations may be used, and the material of each component may be selected from numerous materials other than those specifically disclosed. In short, it is the applicant's intention that the scope of the patent issuing herefrom will be limited only by the scope of the appended claims.
Patent Application
20150323120
