PIXEL STRUCTURE HAVING HIGH APERTURE RATIO AND CIRCUIT

Abstract

The present invention provides a pixel structure having high aperture ratio and circuit. The first gate (21), the first source/the first drain (61), and the etching stopper layer (5), the first semiconductor layer (41), the gate isolation layer (3) sandwiched in-between of the pixel structure having high aperture ratio construct a first thin film transistor (TFT1); the second gate (22), the second source/the second drain (62), and the etching stopper layer (5), the second semiconductor layer (42), the gate isolation layer (3) sandwiched in between construct a second thin film transistor (TFT2); the transparent electrode (8), the pixel electrode (10) and the flat isolation layer (9)sandwiched in-between construct a transparent capacitor (C), and the transparent capacitor (C) constructs an activation area part of the pixel structure which is capable of increasing the activation area of the pixel and raising the aperture ratio to increase the display brightness and reduce the power consumption.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a display technology field, and more particularly to a pixel structure having high aperture ratio and a circuit.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

A flat panel display possesses advantages of being ultra thin, power saved and radiation free and has been widely utilized. Present flat panel displays mainly comprise a LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) or an OLED (Organic Light Emitting Display).

An Organic Light Emitting Diodes Display possesses outstanding properties of self-illumination, no required back light, high contrast, being ultra thin, wide view angle, fast response, being applicable for flexible panel, wide usage temperature range, simple structure and manufacture process and etc., therefore, it is considered to be a new applicable technology for the next generation flat panel display.

The OLEDs can be categorized as PM-OLED (Passive matrix OLED) and AM-OLED (Active matrix OLED). The AM-OLED panels belong to active display type, and require manufacturing pixel structures in array on the array substrate. As shown in FIG. 1, generally in each of the pixel structures in the present AM-OLED, two Thin Film Transistors (TFT) sandwich a storage capacitor in-between. Specifically, the first thin film transistor TFT1′ comprises a first gate 210, a first source/a first drain 610 and an etching stopper layer 500, a first semiconductor layer 410, a gate isolation layer 300 sandwiched in-between; the second thin film transistor TFT2′ comprises a second gate 220, a second source/a second drain 620 and an etching stopper layer 500, a second semiconductor layer 420, a gate isolation layer 300 sandwiched in-between; the storage capacitor C′ comprises a first metal electrode 230 formed by the first, the second gates 210, 220, and a second metal electrode 630 formed by the first source/the first drain, the second source/the second drain 610, 620, and the etching stopper layer 500 and the gate isolation layer 300 sandwiched between the two electrodes. Because the metal material shields the light and blocks the penetration of the light, the first, the second thin film transistors TFT1′, TFT2′ and the storage capacitor C′ must occupy a certain area of the pixel, which leads to reduce the activation area of the pixel, i.e. to reduce the aperture ratio. It enormously restricts the usage ratio of the light. Particularly as for the high resolution, bottom emitting AM-OLED, the decrease of the aperture ratio gets even worse, which easily causes problems of the insufficient brightness and over large power consumption.

FIG. 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram of FIG. 1. The first thin film transistor TFT1′ is employed as single switch thin film transistor. The second thin film transistor TFT2′ is employed as a drive thin film transistor. Specifically, a gate of the first thin film transistor TFT1′ is coupled to a gate drive voltage signal V_gate, and a source thereof is coupled to a data drive voltage signal V_data, and a drain thereof is coupled to a gate of the second thin film transistor TFT2′; a source of the second thin film transistor TFT2′ is coupled to a drive voltage signal V_dd, and a drain thereof is coupled to an anode of the organic light emitting diode D; a cathode of the organic light emitting diode D is coupled to a ground signal V_ss; one electrode of the transparent capacitor C′ is coupled to the gate of the second thin film transistor TFT2′, and the other electrode thereof is coupled to the source of the second thin film transistor TFT2′.

The working principle of the circuit is: when the gate drive voltage signal V_gate is present, the first thin film transistor TFT1′ is conducted, and the data drive voltage signal V_data is inputted to the gate of the second thin film transistor TFT2′ and the second thin film transistor TFT2′ is conducted. The drive voltage signal V_dd, drive the organic light emitting diode D to display after being amplified by the second thin film transistor TFT2′. When the gate drive voltage signal V_gate disappears, the transparent capacitor C′ is a major means to maintain the voltage level of the pixel electrode.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

An objective of the present invention is to provide a pixel structure having high aperture ratio, capable of increasing the activation area of the pixel and raising the aperture ratio to increase the display brightness and reduce the power consumption.

Another objective of the present invention is to provide a circuit of a pixel structure having high aperture ratio, beneficial to raise the aperture ratio and promote the display effect.

For realizing the aforesaid objective, the present invention first provides a pixel structure having high aperture ratio, comprising a substrate, a first gate and a second gate, located at one side of the substrate; a gate isolation layer, located on the first, the second gates and the gate isolation layer, and the gate isolation layer completely covers the first gate and the substrate, and exposes two ends of the second gate; a first semiconductor layer, located on the gate isolation layer and right over the first gate; a second semiconductor layer, located on the gate isolation layer and right over the second gate; an etching stopper layer, located on the first, the second semiconductor layer and the gate isolation layer; a first source/a first drain, located on the first semiconductor layer and the etching stopper layer; a second source/a second drain, located on the second semiconductor layer and the etching stopper layer, and the first source/the first drain are connected to the first semiconductor layer and one end of the second gate, and the second source/the second drain are connected to the second semiconductor layer; a protective layer, located on the first source/the first drain, the second source/the second drain and the etching stopper layer; a transparent electrode, located on the protective layer and at the other side of the substrate, and the transparent electrode is connected to the other end of the second gate; a flat isolation layer, located on the protective layer and the transparent electrode; a pixel electrode, located on the flat isolation layer, and the pixel electrode is connected to the second source/the second drain and overlaps with the transparent electrode; a pixel definition layer, located on the flat isolation layer and the pixel electrode, and the pixel definition layer comprises an open corresponding to an overlapping district of the pixel electrode and the transparent electrode; the first gate, the first source/the first drain, and the etching stopper layer, the first semiconductor layer, the gate isolation layer sandwiched in-between construct a first thin film transistor; the second gate, the second source/the second drain, and the etching stopper layer, the second semiconductor layer, the gate isolation layer sandwiched in between construct a second thin film transistor; the transparent electrode, the pixel electrode and the flat isolation layer sandwiched in-between construct a transparent capacitor.

The transparent capacitor constructs an activation area part of the pixel structure.

The transparent electrode is an ITO transparent electrode or an IZO transparent electrode, and the pixel electrode is an ITO pixel electrode or an IZO pixel electrode.

The pixel structure having high aperture ratio further comprises a photoresist spacer located on the pixel definition layer.

The pixel structure having high aperture ratio further comprises a first top gate electrode right over the first gate and between the protective layer and the flat isolation layer, and a second top gate electrode right over the second gate and between the protective layer and the flat isolation layer.

The first, the second top gate electrodes and the transparent electrode are formed at the same time.

The first semiconductor layer is an IGZO semiconductor layer, and the second semiconductor layer is an IGZO semiconductor layer.

The present invention further provides a circuit of a pixel structure having high aperture ratio, comprising a first thin film transistor, a second thin film transistor, a transparent capacitor, and a light emitting diode, and both two electrodes constructing the transparent capacitor are transparent electrodes; a gate of the first thin film transistor is coupled to a gate drive voltage signal, and a source thereof is coupled to a data drive voltage signal, and a drain thereof and a gate of the second thin film transistor are coupled; a source of the second thin film transistor is coupled to a drive voltage signal, and a drain thereof is coupled to an anode of the organic light emitting diode; a cathode of the organic light emitting diode is coupled to a ground signal; one electrode of the transparent capacitor is coupled to the gate of the second thin film transistor, and the other electrode thereof is coupled to the source or the drain of the second thin film transistor.

The circuit of the pixel structure having high aperture ratio further comprises an opaque capacitor, and one electrode of the opaque capacitor is coupled to the gate of the second thin film transistor, and the other electrode thereof is coupled to the source or the drain of the second thin film transistor.

The source, the drain of the first thin film transistor are switchable, and the source, the drain of the second thin film transistor are also switchable.

The benefits of the present invention are: according to the pixel structure having high aperture ratio of the present invention, by arranging the transparent capacitor constructed by the transparent electrode and the pixel electrode, and the transparent capacitor is employed as the activation area part for increasing the activation area of the pixel and raising the aperture ratio to increase the display brightness and reduce the power consumption. According to the circuit of the pixel structure having high aperture ratio provided by the present invention, the aperture ratio can be raised and the display effect can be promoted by arranging the transparent capacitor.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The technical solution, as well as beneficial advantages, of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to the attached drawings.

In drawings,

FIG. 1 is a sectional diagram of a pixel structure according to prior art;

FIG. 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the pixel structure shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a sectional diagram of a pixel structure having high aperture ratio according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a sectional diagram of a pixel structure having high aperture ratio according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a circuit of a pixel structure having high aperture ratio according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a circuit of a pixel structure having high aperture ratio according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a circuit of a pixel structure having high aperture ratio according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

In order to better understand the characteristics and technical aspect of the invention, please refer to the following detailed description of the present invention is concerned with the diagrams.

The present invention first provides a pixel structure having high aperture ratio and FIG. 3 shows the first embodiment thereof. The pixel structure having high aperture ratio comprises a substrate 1, and the substrate 1 can be a glass substrate or a plastic substrate;

• • a first gate 21 and a second gate 22, located at one side of the substrate 1 and on the substrate 1, and the first gate 21 and the second gate 22 are formed with the same first metal film layer which has been patterned;
  • a gate isolation layer 3 located on the first, the second gates 21, 22 and the gate isolation layer 3 completely covers the first gate 21 and the substrate 1, and exposes two ends of the second gate 22;
  • a first semiconductor layer 41, located on the gate isolation layer 3 and right over the first gate 21; a second semiconductor layer 42, located on the gate isolation layer 3 and right over the second gate 22; the first semiconductor layer 41 and the second semiconductor layer 42 are formed with the same semiconductor layer which has been patterned;
  • an etching stopper layer 5, located on the first, the second semiconductor layer 41, 42 and the gate isolation layer 3;
  • a first source/a first drain 61, located on the first semiconductor layer 41 and the etching stopper layer 5; a second source/a second drain 62, located on the second semiconductor layer 42 and the etching stopper layer 5; the first source/the first drain 61 and the second source/the second drain 62 are formed with the same second metal film layer which has been patterned; the first source/the first drain 61 are connected to the first semiconductor layer 41 and one end of the second gate 22, and the second source/the second drain 62 are connected to the second semiconductor layer 42;
  • a protective layer 7, located on the first source/the first drain, the second source/the second drain 61, 62 and the etching stopper layer 5;
  • a transparent electrode 8, located on the protective layer 7 and at the other side of the substrate 1, and the transparent electrode 8 is connected to the other end of the second gate 22;
  • a flat isolation layer 9, located on the protective layer 7 and the transparent electrode 8;
  • a pixel electrode 10, located on the flat isolation layer 9, and the pixel electrode 10 is connected to the second source/the second drain 62 and overlaps with the transparent electrode 8;
  • a pixel definition layer 11, located on the flat isolation layer 9 and the pixel electrode 10, and the pixel definition layer 11 comprises an open corresponding to an overlapping district of the pixel electrode 10 and the transparent electrode 8;
  • and a photoresist spacer 12 located on the pixel definition layer 11.

The first gate 21, the first source/the first drain 61, and the etching stopper layer 5, the first semiconductor layer 41, the gate isolation layer 3 sandwiched in-between construct a first thin film transistor TFT1; the second gate 22, the second source/the second drain 62, and the etching stopper layer 5, the second semiconductor layer 42, the gate isolation layer 3 sandwiched in between construct a second thin film transistor TFT2; the transparent electrode 8, the pixel electrode 10 and the flat isolation layer 9 sandwiched in-between construct a transparent capacitor C.

Specifically, the first semiconductor layer 41 is an Indium Gallium Zinc Oxide (IGZO) semiconductor layer, and the second semiconductor layer 42 is an IGZO semiconductor layer.

The transparent electrode 8 is an Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) transparent electrode or an Indium Zinc Oxide (IZO) transparent electrode and the transparent electrode 8 can be manufactured to have various shapes; the pixel electrode 10 is an ITO pixel electrode or an IZO pixel electrode.

Both the transparent electrode 8, the pixel electrode 10 are transparent which the light can pass through. The transparent capacitor C constructs the activation area part of the pixel structure and is capable of increasing the activation area of the pixel and raising the aperture ratio to increase the display brightness and reduce the power consumption.

Significantly, the transparent capacitor C is fully capable of replacing the opaque capacitors constructed by two metal electrodes according to prior art, or partially replacing the opaque capacitors, which either can increase the activation area of the pixels and raising the aperture ratio.

Please refer to FIG. 4, which is the second embodiment of the pixel structure having high aperture according to the present invention. The differences of the second embodiment from the first embodiment is that the pixel structure having high aperture ratio further comprises a first top gate electrode 81 right over the first gate 21 and between the protective layer 7 and the flat isolation layer 9, and a second top gate electrode 82 right over the second gate 22 and between the protective layer 7 and the flat isolation layer 9. Correspondingly, both the first thin film transistor TFT1 and the second thin film transistor TFT2 comprises a double gate structure. For making the most of the manufacture process and raising the production efficiency, the first, and the second top gate electrodes 81, 82 and the transparent electrode 8 are formed in the same manufacture process at the same time. The material of the first, and the second top gate electrodes 81, 82 and the material of the transparent electrode 8 are the same, which is ITO or IZO. Others are figured to be the same as the first embodiment. The repeated description is omitted here.

The present invention further provides a circuit of pixel structure having high aperture ratio. FIG. 5 shows the first embodiment of the circuit, comprising a first thin film transistor TFT1, a second thin film transistor TFT2, a transparent capacitor C, and a light emitting diode D, and both two electrodes constructing the transparent capacitor C are transparent electrodes.

A gate of the first thin film transistor TFT1 is coupled to a gate drive voltage signal V_gate, and a source thereof is coupled to a data drive voltage signal V_data, and a drain thereof and a gate of the second thin film transistor TFT2 are coupled; a source of the second thin film transistor TFT2 is coupled to a drive voltage signal V_dd, and a drain thereof is coupled to an anode of the organic light emitting diode D; a cathode of the organic light emitting diode D is coupled to a ground signal V_ss; one electrode of the transparent capacitor C is coupled to the gate of the second thin film transistor TFT2, and the other electrode thereof is coupled to the source of the second thin film transistor TFT2.

The first thin film transistor TFT1 is employed as a signal switch thin film transistor, and the second thin film transistor TFT2 is employed as a drive thin film transistor. The working principle of the circuit is: when the gate drive voltage signal V_gate is present, the first thin film transistor TFT1 is conducted, and the data drive voltage signal V_data is inputted to the gate of the second thin film transistor TFT2 and the second thin film transistor TFT2 is conducted. The drive voltage signal V_dd, drive the organic light emitting diode D to display after being amplified by the second thin film transistor TFT2. When the gate drive voltage signal V_gate disappears, the transparent capacitor C is employed to maintain the voltage level of the pixel electrode.

The aperture ratio can be raised and the display effect can be promoted because the transparent electrode C is arranged in the circuit.

Please refer to FIG. 6, which is the second embodiment of the circuit of the pixel structure having high aperture according to the present invention. The differences of the second embodiment from the first embodiment is that one electrode of the transparent electrode C is coupled to the gate of the second thin film transistor TFT2, and the other electrode thereof is coupled to the drain of the second thin film transistor TFT2. Others are figured to be the same as the first embodiment. The repeated description is omitted here.

Please refer to FIG. 7, which is the third embodiment of the circuit of the pixel structure having high aperture according to the present invention. The differences of the third embodiment from the first embodiment is that one electrode of the transparent electrode C is coupled to the gate of the second thin film transistor TFT2, and the other electrode thereof is coupled to the drain of the second thin film transistor TFT2, and added is an opaque capacitor C″, and one electrode of the opaque capacitor C″ is coupled to the gate of the second thin film transistor TFT2, and the other electrode thereof is coupled to the source of the second thin film transistor TFT2.

The source, the drain of the first thin film transistor TFT1 are switchable, and the source, the drain of the second thin film transistor TFT2 are switchable, too. Therefore, in the third embodiment, the one electrode of the transparent electrode C can be coupled to the gate of the second thin film transistor TFT2, and the other electrode thereof is coupled to the source of the second thin film transistor TFT2, and the one electrode of the opaque capacitor C″ can be coupled to the gate of the second thin film transistor TFT2, and the other electrode thereof can be coupled to the drain of the second thin film transistor TFT2. Others are figured to be the same as the first embodiment. The repeated description is omitted here.

In conclusion, according to the pixel structure having high aperture ratio of the present invention, by arranging the transparent capacitor constructed by the transparent electrode and the pixel electrode, and the transparent capacitor is employed as the activation area part for increasing the activation area of the pixel and raising the aperture ratio to increase the display brightness and reduce the power consumption. According to the circuit of the pixel structure having high aperture ratio provided by the present invention, the aperture ratio can be raised and the display effect can be promoted by arranging the transparent capacitor.

Above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, the scope of the present invention is not limited to this, and to any persons who are skilled in the art, change or replacement which is easily derived should be covered by the protected scope of the invention. Thus, the protected scope of the invention should go by the subject claims.

Claims

1. A pixel structure having high aperture ratio, comprising a substrate, a first gate and a second gate, located at one side of the substrate; a gate isolation layer, located on the first, the second gates and the gate isolation layer, and the gate isolation layer completely covers the first gate and the substrate, and exposes two ends of the second gate; a first semiconductor layer, located on the gate isolation layer and right over the first gate; a second semiconductor layer, located on the gate isolation layer and right over the second gate; an etching stopper layer, located on the first, the second semiconductor layer and the gate isolation layer; a first source/a first drain, located on the first semiconductor layer and the etching stopper layer; a second source/a second drain, located on the second semiconductor layer and the etching stopper layer, and the first source/the first drain are connected to the first semiconductor layer and one end of the second gate, and the second source/the second drain are connected to the second semiconductor layer; a protective layer, located on the first source/the first drain, the second source/the second drain and the etching stopper layer; a transparent electrode, located on the protective layer and at the other side of the substrate, and the transparent electrode is connected to the other end of the second gate; a flat isolation layer, located on the protective layer and the transparent electrode; a pixel electrode, located on the flat isolation layer, and the pixel electrode is connected to the second source/the second drain and overlaps with the transparent electrode; a pixel definition layer, located on the flat isolation layer and the pixel electrode, and the pixel definition layer comprises an open corresponding to an overlapping district of the pixel electrode and the transparent electrode; the first gate, the first source/the first drain, and the etching stopper layer, the first semiconductor layer, the gate isolation layer sandwiched in-between construct a first thin film transistor; the second gate, the second source/the second drain, and the etching stopper layer, the second semiconductor layer, the gate isolation layer sandwiched in between construct a second thin film transistor; the transparent electrode, the pixel electrode and the flat isolation layer sandwiched in-between construct a transparent capacitor.

2. The pixel structure having high aperture ratio according to claim 1, wherein the transparent capacitor constructs an activation area part of the pixel structure.

3. The pixel structure having high aperture ratio according to claim 1, wherein the transparent electrode is an ITO transparent electrode or an IZO transparent electrode, and the pixel electrode is an ITO pixel electrode or an IZO pixel electrode.

4. The pixel structure having high aperture ratio according to claim 1, further comprising a photoresist spacer located on the pixel definition layer.

5. The pixel structure having high aperture ratio according to claim 1, further comprising a first top gate electrode right over the first gate and between the protective layer and the flat isolation layer, and a second top gate electrode right over the second gate and between the protective layer and the flat isolation layer.

6. The pixel structure having high aperture ratio according to claim 5, wherein the first, the second top gate electrodes and the transparent electrode are formed at the same time.

7. The pixel structure having high aperture ratio according to claim 1, wherein the first semiconductor layer is an IGZO semiconductor layer, and the second semiconductor layer is an IGZO semiconductor layer.

8. A circuit of a pixel structure having high aperture ratio, comprising a first thin film transistor, a second thin film transistor, a transparent capacitor, and a light emitting diode, and both two electrodes constructing the transparent capacitor are transparent electrodes; a gate of the first thin film transistor is coupled to a gate drive voltage signal, and a source thereof is coupled to a data drive voltage signal, and a drain thereof and a gate of the second thin film transistor are coupled; a source of the second thin film transistor is coupled to a drive voltage signal, and a drain thereof is coupled to an anode of the organic light emitting diode; a cathode of the organic light emitting diode is coupled to a ground signal; one electrode of the transparent capacitor is coupled to the gate of the second thin film transistor, and the other electrode thereof is coupled to the source or the drain of the second thin film transistor.

9. The circuit of the pixel structure having high aperture ratio according to claim 8, further comprising an opaque capacitor, and one electrode of the opaque capacitor is coupled to the gate of the second thin film transistor, and the other electrode thereof is coupled to the source or the drain of the second thin film transistor.

10. The circuit of the pixel structure having high aperture ratio according to claim 9, wherein the source, the drain of the first thin film transistor are switchable, and the source, the drain of the second thin film transistor are switchable, too.

11. A circuit of a pixel structure having high aperture ratio, comprising a first thin film transistor, a second thin film transistor, a transparent capacitor, and a light emitting diode, and both two electrodes constructing the transparent capacitor are transparent electrodes; a gate of the first thin film transistor is coupled to a gate drive voltage signal, and a source thereof is coupled to a data drive voltage signal, and a drain thereof and a gate of the second thin film transistor are coupled; a source of the second thin film transistor is coupled to a drive voltage signal, and a drain thereof is coupled to an anode of the organic light emitting diode; a cathode of the organic light emitting diode is coupled to a ground signal; one electrode of the transparent capacitor is coupled to the gate of the second thin film transistor, and the other electrode thereof is coupled to the source or the drain of the second thin film transistor; the circuit of the pixel structure having high aperture ratio further comprises an opaque capacitor, and one electrode of the opaque capacitor is coupled to the gate of the second thin film transistor, and the other electrode thereof is coupled to the source or the drain of the second thin film transistor;wherein the source, the drain of the first thin film transistor are switchable, and the source, the drain of the second thin film transistor are switchable, too.