This invention generally relates to packaging materials, and, more particularly, packaging materials used to wrap flower pots containing floral groupings and/or mediums containing floral groupings, and methods of using same.
Shown in
In the formation of the sleeve 12, the outer peripheral surface 20 of the sleeve 12 is continuously sealed from the first end 14 to the second end 16 thereof, thereby providing the sleeve 12 with a generally tubular shape which can be opened to provide the retaining space 27 in which a flower pot may be disposed. This is in contrast to a blank form, such as a flat sheet of material which is supplied to a florist or other retailer or even the consumer. Such a blank requires the florist, retailer or consumer to mold and shape the blank into a form in which a flower pot may be disposed, and may even require that the blank be formed about the flower pot, as the blank is incapable of maintaining such a form or shape. The blank will also require a bonding material, such as an adhesive, a cohesive, tape, slots, grooves, and other like materials, to secure the blank in such form or shape. Therefore, the use of the sleeve 12 which has been preformed into the generally tubular shape sized and dimensioned to contain a flower pot is highly desirable over the blanks which have been previously used.
The plant package 10 may also comprise a flower pot 30 (
The plant package 10 further comprises a floral grouping 46 (
The term “floral grouping” as used herein refers to cut fresh flowers, artificial flowers, a single flower or other fresh and/or artificial plants or other floral materials and may include other secondary plants and/or ornamentation or artificial or natural materials which add to the aesthetics of the overall floral grouping 46. The floral grouping 46 comprises a bloom or foliage portion 48 and a stem portion 50. Further, the floral grouping 46 may comprise a growing potted plant having a root portion (not shown) as well. However, it will be appreciated that the floral grouping 46 may consist of only a single bloom or only foliage, or a botanical item (not shown), or a propagule (not shown). The term “floral grouping” may be used interchangeably herein with the terms “floral arrangement” and “potted plant”. The term “floral grouping” may also be used interchangeably herein with the terms “botanical item” and/or “propagule.”
The term “growing medium” when used herein refers to any liquid, solid or gaseous material used for plant growth or for the cultivation of propagules, including organic and inorganic materials such as soil, humus, perlite, vermiculite, sand, water, and including the nutrients, fertilizers or hormones or combinations thereof required by the plants or propagules for growth.
The term “botanical item” when used herein refers to a natural or artificial herbaceous or woody plant, taken singly or in combination. The term “botanical item” also includes any portion or portions of natural or artificial herbaceous or woody plants including stems, leaves, flowers, blossoms, buds, blooms, cones, or roots, taken singly or in combination, or in groupings of such portions such as a bouquet or a floral grouping.
The term “propagule” when used herein refers to any structure capable of being propagated or acting as an agent of reproduction including seeds, shoots, stems, runners, tubers, plants, leaves, roots or spores.
A bonding material 54 (
The term “bonding material” when used herein refers to an adhesive, frequently a pressure sensitive adhesive, or a cohesive. Where the bonding material is a cohesive, a similar cohesive material must be placed on the adjacent surface for bondingly contacting and bondingly engaging with the cohesive material. The term “bonding material” also includes materials which are heat sealable and, in this instance, the adjacent portions of the material must be brought into contact and then heat must be applied to effect the seal. The term “bonding material” also includes materials which are sonic sealable and vibratory sealable. The term “bonding material” when used herein also means a heat sealing lacquer or hot melt material which may be applied to the material and, in this instance, heat, sound waves, or vibrations, also must be applied to effect the sealing.
Alternatively, a cold seal using a cold seal adhesive is utilized upon the material to form a sleeve. The term “bonding material” includes this cold seal adhesive. The cold seal adhesive adheres only to a similar substrate, acting similarly as a cohesive, and binds only to itself. The cold seal adhesive, since it adheres (or coheres) only to a similar substrate, does not cause a residue to build up on equipment, thereby permitting much more rapid disposition and use to form articles. A cold seal adhesive differs also from, for example, a pressure sensitive adhesive, in that a cold seal adhesive is not readily releasable.
The term “bonding material” when used herein also includes any heat or chemically shrinkable material, and static electrical or other electrical materials, chemical welding materials, magnetic materials, mechanical or barb-type fastening materials or clamps, curl-type characteristics of the film or materials incorporated in material which can cause the material to take on certain shapes, cling films, slots, grooves, shrinkable materials and bands, curl materials, springs, and any type of welding method which may weld portions of the material to itself or to the flower pot, or to both the material itself and the flower pot.
The sleeve 12 is generally tubularly shaped, but the sleeve 12 may be cylindrical, frusto-conical, or a combination of both frusto-conical and cylindrical (not shown). Further, as long as a generally tubular shape is maintained in at least a portion of the sleeve 12, any shape, whether geometric, non-geometric, asymmetrical and/or fanciful may be utilized. The sleeve 12 may also be equipped with drains or ventilation holes (not shown), or can be made from permeable or impermeable materials.
The sleeve 12 has a thickness in a range from about 0.1 mil to about 30 mil. Often, the thickness of the sleeve 12 is in a range from about 0.5 mil to about 10 mil. Preferably, the sleeve 12 has a thickness in a range from about 0.1 mil to about 5 mil. The sleeve 12 is constructed of a material 56 which is flexible.
The sleeve 12 may be constructed of a single layer of material or a plurality of layers of the same or different types of materials. Any thickness of layer of material may be utilized to construct the sleeve 12 in accordance with the present invention as long as the sleeve 12 may be formed into at least a portion of a sleeve 12, as described herein, and as long as the formed sleeve 12 may contain at least a portion of the flower pot 30 or the floral grouping 46, as described herein. Additionally, an insulating material such as bubble film, preferable as one of two or more layers, can be utilized in order to provide additional protection for the item, such as the floral grouping 46, contained therein. The layers of material comprising the sleeve 12 may be connected together or laminated or may be separate layers. Materials which may be utilized for construction of the sleeve 12 are described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,111,637 entitled “Method For Wrapping A Floral Grouping” issued to Weder et al., on May 12, 1992, which is hereby expressly incorporated herein by reference.
In one embodiment, the sleeve 12 may be constructed from two polypropylene films. The two polypropylene films comprising the sleeve 12 may be-connected together or laminated or may remain separate layers. In an alternative embodiment, the sleeve 12 may be constructed from only one of the polypropylene films.
The sleeve 12 may also be constructed, in whole or in part, from a cling material. “Cling Wrap or Material” when used herein refers to any material which is capable of connecting to the flower pot 30 and/or floral grouping 46 and/or itself upon contacting engagement during the wrapping process and is wrappable about an item whereby portions of the cling material contactingly engage and connect to other portions of another material, or, alternatively, itself, for generally securing the sleeve 12 wrapped about at least a portion of the flower pot 30 or the floral grouping 46. This connecting engagement is preferably temporary in that the material may be easily removed, i.e., the cling material “clings” to the flower pot 30.
The cling material is constructed from polyethylene such as Cling Wrap made by Glad®, First Brands Corporation, Danbury, Conn., and may be treated if necessary. The thickness of the cling material will, in part, depend upon the size of the sleeve 12 and the flower pot 30 in the plant package 10, i.e., generally, when the flower pot 30 is large, a thicker and therefore stronger cling material may be required. The cling material will range in thickness from less than about 0.1 mil to about 10 mil, and preferably less than about 0.5 mil to about 2.5 mil and most preferably from less than about 0.6 mil to about 2 mil. However, any thickness of cling material may be utilized in accordance with the present invention which permits the cling material to function as described herein.
The sleeve 12 is constructed from any suitable material (said material shown only in the form of a sleeve 12, but the material having an upper surface, a lower surface, and an outer periphery) that is capable of being wrapped about the flower pot 30 or the floral grouping 46, and formed into a plant package 10 as described herein. Preferably, the material from which the sleeve 12 is constructed is selected from the group consisting of paper, metal foil, polymeric film, fabric (woven, nonwoven, synthetic or natural), cardboard, fiber, cloth, burlap, and laminations and combinations thereof.
The term “polymeric film” refers to a synthetic polymer such as a polypropylene or a naturally occurring polymer such as cellophane. A polymeric film is relatively strong and not as subject to tearing (substantially non-tearable), as might be the case with paper or foil.
The material from which the sleeve 12 is constructed may vary in color. Further, the material from which the sleeve 12 is constructed may consist of designs or decorative patterns which are printed, etched, and/or embossed thereon using inks or other printing materials. An example of an ink which may be applied to the surface of the material from which the sleeve 12 is constructed is described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,147,706 entitled “Water Based Ink On Foil And/Or Synthetic Organic Polymer” issued to Kingman on Sep. 15, 1992 and which is hereby incorporated herein by reference.
In addition, the material from which the sleeve 12 is constructed may have various colorings, coatings, flocking and/or metallic finishes, or other decorative surface ornamentation applied separately or simultaneously or may be characterized totally or partially by pearlescent, translucent, transparent, iridescent or the like, qualities. Each of the above-named characteristics may occur alone or in combination and may be applied to the upper and/or lower surface of the material from which the sleeve 12 is constructed. Moreover, each surface of the material used in constructing the sleeve 12 may vary in the combination of such characteristics. The material utilized for the sleeve 12 may be opaque, translucent, transparent, or partially clear or tinted transparent.
The sleeve 12 may further comprise an extension 58, as shown in
The sleeve 12 further has an upper portion 66 and a lower portion 68 (FIGS. 1 and 3–9). The lower portion 68 of the sleeve 12 is sized, shaped and dimensioned such that, upon positioning the flower pot 30 in the sleeve 12, the lower portion 68 of the sleeve 12 is tapered to substantially correspond in shape to the inwardly taper of the outer peripheral surface 38 of the flower pot 30, as shown in
It will be understood that the decorative plant cover 74, and/or the second decorative cover described in detail below may be provided with all of the characteristics of the flower pot 30. That is, the decorative plant cover 74 (or the second decorative cover) may comprise both the decorative characteristics of a decorative cover as well as the structural characteristics of a pot (not shown), namely, the decorative plant cover 74 (and the second decorative cover, described in detail below) may have an upper end, a lower end, an outer peripheral surface, an inner peripheral surface and a retaining space.
In a general method of use (
Alternatively, the flower pot 30 could be placed on a support device such as a pedestal (not shown), and the sleeve 12 disposed underneath or astride the flower pot 30 could be pulled toward and over the flower pot 30 so as to substantially surround the flower pot 30 or at least a portion of the outer peripheral surface 38 of the flower pot 30. The bonding material 54 disposed on the flower pot 30 and/or the sleeve 12 (
The floral grouping 46 extends from the growing medium 47 in the retaining space 45 of the flower pot 30 (
To remove the upper portion 66 of the sleeve 12, the operator generally grasps the sleeve 12 near the vertical perforations 72 and adjacent the first end 14 of the sleeve 12 and pulls one side of the upper portion 66 of the sleeve 12 away from the line of vertical perforations 72 and downward, thereby causing the sleeve 12 to tear away along the vertical perforations 72, as shown in
The flower pot 30a containing the floral grouping 46a may be disposed in the sleeve 12a as described hereinabove or by any method known in the art. When the upper portion 66a of the sleeve 12a is removed by any method described herein or any method known in the art, the remaining lower portion 68a of the sleeve 12a forms a decorative plant cover 74a having a decorative skirt portion 73a comprising a plurality of curved portions 76 and having a scalloped upper edge 75a. It will be appreciated that the circumferential perforations 70a may form any decorative design or combination of decorative designs on the upper edge 75a of the decorative skirt portion 73a. It will also be appreciated that additional decorative designs created by the vertical perforations 72a and/or the circumferential perforations 70a will suggest themselves when the plant package 10a is utilized by those having ordinary skill in the art, and therefore the invention is not limited to the decorative designs described herein or depicted in the figures.
As illustrated in
Alternatively, the sheet of material from which the sleeve 12b is constructed may be folded in such a manner as to form gussets in the sleeve 12b. Methods of forming gussets in sheet material, and folding sheet material, are known to those having ordinary skill in the art.
The sleeve 12b also differs from the sleeve 12 in that the sleeve 12b has a circumferential overlapping fold 78 which extends circumferentially about the sleeve 12b, as shown in
In a general method of use as shown in
To alter the position of the skirt portion 86, an operator simply pulls the first portion 82 away from the second portion 84 of the outer peripheral surface 20b of the sleeve 12b. Then, the skirt portion 86 may be arranged at different angles, such as the angle shown in
The plant package 10c comprises a sleeve 12c, a flower pot 30c and a floral grouping 46c having a bloom portion 48c and a stem portion 50c and being disposed in the flower pot 30c. The plant package 10c may further comprise a growing medium 47c. The sleeve 12c has a first end 14c, a second end 16c, an outer peripheral surface 20c, an inner peripheral surface 24c, and a retaining space 27c. The sleeve 12c is also provided with an upper portion 66c which is detachable from a lower portion 68c thereof via circumferential perforations 70c and vertical perforations 72c (
The sleeve 12c has printed thereupon both a ribbon pattern 90 and a bow pattern 92, said ribbon pattern 90 extending about the outer peripheral surface 20c of the sleeve 12c, in the lower portion 68c of the sleeve 12c. Alternatively, an actual bow may be attached to the ribbon 90 via a bonding material, rather than being printed upon the sleeve 12c as a bow pattern 92.
In a method of use, the upper portion 66c of the sleeve 12c is removed as shown in
In a further alternative, the sleeve 12c is constructed from more than one material, so that the ribbon pattern 90 forms an integral part of the sleeve 12c but is constructed of a material different from the material of the remainder of the sleeve 12c, such as, but not by way of limitation, heat shrinkable material, as described previously. Such ribbon pattern 90 may be shrunk to cause a crimping condition of a portion of the decorative plant cover 74c (
In a method of use, the ribbon 93 is connected to the sleeve 12c via a bonding material in a manner which crimps the sleeve 12c somewhat in and near the ribbon 93. Crimping sheet material is well known in the art. For example, the ribbon 93 may comprise a heat shrinkable material (known in the art and commercially available), and the ribbon 93 may be placed in a condition to crimp the lower portion 68c of the sleeve 12c by exposing the ribbon 93 (either before or after the upper portion 66c of the sleeve 12c is removed) to a heat source sufficient to cause the ribbon 93 to shrink and thereby crimp the lower portion 68c of the sleeve 12c (such heat sources are known in the art and commercially available, such as a heat gun which blows heated air). The upper portion 66c of the sleeve 12c is removed by any method described herein, leaving the lower portion 68c of the sleeve 12c which forms the decorative plant cover 74c, and the ribbon 93 which crimps the decorative plant cover 74c about the flower pot 30c or the floral grouping 46c (or growing medium 47c), the ribbon 93 being tied into a bow 95, or a separate bow 95 being connected in any manner described herein to the ribbon 93 and/or the decorative plant cover 74c. It will be appreciated that the ribbon 93 and/or bow 95 may be connected at any level of the flower pot 30c, or above the flower pot 30c, thereby crimping the decorative plant cover 74c inward in a diameter smaller than the diameter of an upper end 32c of the flower pot 30c, or, alternatively, connecting the ribbon 93 and/or bow 95 at any level of the decorative plant cover 74c which encompasses the flower pot 30c. Alternatively, the ribbon 93 and/or bow 95 is connected to the sleeve 12c without crimping, as shown in
After a flower pot 30c has been disposed in the sleeve 12c by any method described herein, a crimped portion 94 is formed by the ribbon 93 (
The crimped portion 94 (
Further, it will be appreciated that any ribbon 93 shown and/or described herein may comprise a band. The term “band” when used herein refers to any material which may be secured about an object such as a flower pot or a sleeve, such bands commonly being referred to as elastic bands, rubber bands or non-elastic bands and also includes any other type of material such as an elastic or non-elastic string or elastic piece of material, non-elastic piece of material, a round piece of material, a flat piece of material, a ribbon, a piece of paper strip, a piece of plastic strip, a piece of wire, a tie wrap or a twist tie or combinations thereof or-any other device capable of gathering material to removably or substantially permanently form a crimped portion and secure the crimped portion formed in the material which may be secured about an object such as the flower pot. The band also may include a bow 95 if desired in a particular application.
The crimped portion 94 may be formed either before or after the removable upper portion 66c of the sleeve 12c has been detached from the remaining lower portion 68c (not shown). After the upper portion 66c of the sleeve 12c has been removed, the remaining lower portion 68c of the sleeve 12c now constitutes a decorative plant cover 74c. The decorative plant cover 74c may be removable from the flower pot 30c, or may be firmly connected to the outer peripheral surface 38c of the flower pot 30c by a bonding material disposed, as noted above, either on the outer peripheral surface 38c of the flower pot 30c or on the inner peripheral surface 24c of the sleeve 12c.
It will also be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that the sleeve 12c may have a portion which forms a skirt portion 86c, such that when the removable upper portion 66c of the sleeve 12c is detached, a decorative plant cover 74c with a skirt portion 86c remains, as described in detail hereinbefore with reference to the skirt portion 86 of the decorative plant cover 74b.
As shown in
The sleeve 12d may be completely removed, except for the ribbon pattern 90d and bow 95d. The ribbon pattern 90d may extend about the second decorative plant cover 96 in a non-crimped condition, as shown in
Alternatively, as shown in
In a method of use, the upper portion 66e of the sleeve 12e is detached by any method described herein. The pull portion 100 causes ribbon within the pull bow 98 to gather into the plurality of decorative loops, the beginning of this operation being shown in
The decorative plant cover 96e may have a bonding material (not shown) disposed upon a portion thereof, including an inner peripheral surface and/or an outer peripheral surface thereof, for attaching to the flower pot 30e and/or to the sleeve 12e. Alternatively, the decorative plant cover 96e may be free of a bonding material. The sleeve 12e applied to the flower pot 30e/decorative plant cover 74e assembly may have a bonding material (not shown) disposed on the inner peripheral surface 24e and/or the outer peripheral surface 20e thereof for bonding to the decorative plant cover 96e. Alternatively, the sleeve 12e may be free of a bonding material on any surface thereof. Although the sleeve 12e in
As noted herein, any of the sleeves 12–12e may have perforations in various patterns to facilitate removal of a portion or portions of the sleeve 12–12e or of the entire sleeve 12–12e. The sleeve 12–12e may have other elements as described elsewhere herein for facilitating the removal of a portion or portions of the sleeve 12–12e, or of the entire sleeve 12–12e.
Shown in
The sleeve 12f comprises a lower portion 68f and a skirt portion 73f. The lower portion 68f is sized and dimensioned to closely surround and encompass the flower pot 30f, and the sleeve 12f has no perforations or other detaching elements formed therein. The decorative skirt portion 73f is formed from a portion of the sleeve 12f near the first end 14f thereof which extends away from the sleeve 12f and above the upper end 32f of the flower pot 30f when the sleeve 12f is positioned about the flower pot 30f. The sleeve 12f is positionable about the flower pot 30f, and the lower portion 68f of the sleeve 12f closely surrounds and encompasses the flower pot 30f when positioned about the flower pot 30f. The sleeve 12f may be constructed of similar materials and in a similar manner as any of the sleeves 12–12e described herein previously.
It will be understood that either the sleeve 12f and/or the skirt portion 73f may have overlapping folds or gussets (not shown) which permit the formation of the skirt portion 73f. Alternatively, no overlapping folds or gussets may be utilized. The decorative skirt portion 73f is positionable at differing angles, as described previously herein. It will be appreciated that the sleeve 12f and/or the flower pot 30f may be provided with a bonding material disposed thereupon, as previously described herein. Further, the skirt portion 73f may also have a bonding material disposed thereupon, on either surface of the decorative skirt portion 73f.
In a method of use, the flower pot 30f is positioned within the sleeve 12f as previously described herein, and the combination of the lower portion 68f and the decorative skirt portion 73f of the sleeve 12f form a decorative plant cover 74f. It will be appreciated that at least a portion of the decorative plant cover 74f, such as the lower portion 68f thereof, substantially surrounds and encompasses the flower pot 30f, while the decorative skirt portion 73f is disposed adjacent only a lower portion of the stem portion 50f of the floral grouping 46f disposed in the pot retaining space 45f of the flower pot 30f.
Shown in
The first end 14g of the sleeve 12g comprises a plurality of curved portions 106 and has a scalloped upper edge 104 which provides a decorative design to the skirt portion 73g of the sleeve 12g of the plant package 10g. Such a plant package 10g may be constructed and utilized in the same manner as the plant package 10f described hereinbefore.
Changes may be made in the construction and the operation of the various components, elements and assemblies described herein or in the steps or the sequence of steps of the methods described herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
This application is a continuation of U.S. Ser. No. 10/294,881, filed Nov. 13, 2002, now abandoned; which is a continuation of U.S. Ser. No. 09/691,358, filed Oct. 18, 2000, now abandoned; which is a continuation-in-part of application U.S. Ser. No. 08/953,227, filed Oct. 17, 1997, now abandoned; which is a continuation of U.S. Ser. No. 08/783,331, filed Jan. 16, 1997, now abandoned; which is a continuation of U.S. Ser. No. 08/453,718, filed May 30, 1995, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,640,805, issued Jun. 24, 1997; which is a divisional of U.S. Ser. No. 08/220,852, filed Mar. 31, 1994, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,572,851, issued Nov. 12, 1996. Each of the applications listed above is hereby expressly incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
Number | Name | Date | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
524219 | Schmidt | Aug 1894 | A |
732889 | Paver | Jul 1903 | A |
950785 | Pene | Mar 1910 | A |
1044260 | Schloss | Nov 1912 | A |
1063154 | Bergen | May 1913 | A |
1446563 | Hughes | Feb 1923 | A |
1520647 | Hennigan | Dec 1924 | A |
1525015 | Weeks | Feb 1925 | A |
1610652 | Bouchard | Dec 1926 | A |
1697751 | Blake | Jan 1929 | A |
1794212 | Snyder | Feb 1931 | A |
1811574 | Barrett | Jun 1931 | A |
1863216 | Wordingham | Jun 1932 | A |
1978631 | Herrlinger | Oct 1934 | A |
2048123 | Howard | Jul 1936 | A |
RE21065 | Copeman | May 1939 | E |
2170147 | Lane | Aug 1939 | A |
2200111 | Bensel | May 1940 | A |
2278673 | Savada et al. | Apr 1942 | A |
2302259 | Rothfuss | Nov 1942 | A |
2323287 | Amberg | Jul 1943 | A |
2355559 | Renner | Aug 1944 | A |
2371985 | Freiberg | Mar 1945 | A |
2411328 | MacNab | Nov 1946 | A |
2510120 | Leander | Jun 1950 | A |
2529060 | Trillich | Nov 1950 | A |
2540707 | Beukelman | Feb 1951 | A |
2621142 | Wetherell | Dec 1952 | A |
2648487 | Linda | Aug 1953 | A |
2688354 | Berger | Sep 1954 | A |
2688914 | Eckler | Sep 1954 | A |
2774187 | Smithers | Dec 1956 | A |
2822287 | Avery | Feb 1958 | A |
2827217 | Clement | Mar 1958 | A |
2846060 | Yount | Aug 1958 | A |
2850842 | Eubank Jr. | Sep 1958 | A |
2883262 | Borin | Apr 1959 | A |
2989828 | Warp | Jun 1961 | A |
3003681 | Orsini | Oct 1961 | A |
3022605 | Reynolds | Feb 1962 | A |
3080680 | Reynolds et al. | Mar 1963 | A |
3094810 | Kalpin | Jun 1963 | A |
3121647 | Harris et al. | Feb 1964 | A |
3130113 | Silman | Apr 1964 | A |
3172796 | Gülker | Mar 1965 | A |
3271922 | Wallerstein et al. | Sep 1966 | A |
3293100 | Questel | Dec 1966 | A |
3316675 | Cartwright, Jr. | May 1967 | A |
3322325 | Bush | May 1967 | A |
3376666 | Leonard | Apr 1968 | A |
3380646 | Doyen et al. | Apr 1968 | A |
3405863 | Kugler | Oct 1968 | A |
3431706 | Stuck | Mar 1969 | A |
3508372 | Wallerstein et al. | Apr 1970 | A |
3510054 | Sanni et al. | May 1970 | A |
3512700 | Evans et al. | May 1970 | A |
3550318 | Remke et al. | Dec 1970 | A |
3552059 | Moore | Jan 1971 | A |
3554434 | Anderson | Jan 1971 | A |
3556389 | Gregoire | Jan 1971 | A |
3557516 | Brandt | Jan 1971 | A |
3620366 | Parkinson | Nov 1971 | A |
3681105 | Milutin et al. | Aug 1972 | A |
3767104 | Bachman et al. | Oct 1973 | A |
3793799 | Howe et al. | Feb 1974 | A |
3804322 | Ericson | Apr 1974 | A |
3869828 | Matsumoto | Mar 1975 | A |
3888443 | Flanigen | Jun 1975 | A |
3962503 | Crawford | Jun 1976 | A |
4043077 | Stonehocker | Aug 1977 | A |
4054697 | Reed et al. | Oct 1977 | A |
4091925 | Griffo et al. | May 1978 | A |
4113100 | Soja et al. | Sep 1978 | A |
4118890 | Shore | Oct 1978 | A |
4149339 | Hall et al. | Apr 1979 | A |
4189868 | Tymchuck et al. | Feb 1980 | A |
4216620 | Weder et al. | Aug 1980 | A |
4248347 | Trimbee | Feb 1981 | A |
D259333 | Charbonneau | May 1981 | S |
4265049 | Gorewitz | May 1981 | A |
4280314 | Stuck | Jul 1981 | A |
4297811 | Weder | Nov 1981 | A |
4333267 | Witte | Jun 1982 | A |
4347686 | Wood | Sep 1982 | A |
4380564 | Cancio et al. | Apr 1983 | A |
4400910 | Koudstall et al. | Aug 1983 | A |
4413725 | Bruno et al. | Nov 1983 | A |
4508223 | Catrambone | Apr 1985 | A |
D279279 | Wagner | Jun 1985 | S |
4546875 | Zweber | Oct 1985 | A |
4621733 | Harris | Nov 1986 | A |
4640079 | Stuck | Feb 1987 | A |
4717262 | Roen et al. | Jan 1988 | A |
4733521 | Weder et al. | Mar 1988 | A |
4765464 | Ristvedt | Aug 1988 | A |
4771573 | Stengel | Sep 1988 | A |
4773182 | Weder et al. | Sep 1988 | A |
4801014 | Meadows | Jan 1989 | A |
4810109 | Castel | Mar 1989 | A |
4835834 | Weder | Jun 1989 | A |
D301991 | Van Sant | Jul 1989 | S |
4900390 | Colten et al. | Feb 1990 | A |
4941572 | Harris | Jul 1990 | A |
4946290 | Matyja | Aug 1990 | A |
4980209 | Hill | Dec 1990 | A |
4989396 | Weder et al. | Feb 1991 | A |
D315700 | Stephens | Mar 1991 | S |
5073161 | Weder et al. | Dec 1991 | A |
5074675 | Osgood | Dec 1991 | A |
5076011 | Stehouwer | Dec 1991 | A |
5105599 | Weder | Apr 1992 | A |
5111638 | Weder | May 1992 | A |
5117584 | Ottenwalder | Jun 1992 | A |
5120382 | Weder | Jun 1992 | A |
5152100 | Weder et al. | Oct 1992 | A |
5181364 | Weder | Jan 1993 | A |
D335105 | Ottenwalder et al. | Apr 1993 | S |
5199242 | Weder et al. | Apr 1993 | A |
5205108 | Weder et al. | Apr 1993 | A |
5228234 | de Klerk et al. | Jul 1993 | A |
5235782 | Landau | Aug 1993 | A |
5239775 | Landau | Aug 1993 | A |
5249407 | Stuck | Oct 1993 | A |
5259106 | Weder et al. | Nov 1993 | A |
5307606 | Weder | May 1994 | A |
5315785 | Avôt et al. | May 1994 | A |
5350240 | Billman et al. | Sep 1994 | A |
5353575 | Stepanek | Oct 1994 | A |
5361482 | Weder et al. | Nov 1994 | A |
5388695 | Gilbert | Feb 1995 | A |
5428939 | Weder et al. | Jul 1995 | A |
5443670 | Landau | Aug 1995 | A |
5493809 | Weder et al. | Feb 1996 | A |
D368025 | Sekerak et al. | Mar 1996 | S |
5496251 | Cheng | Mar 1996 | A |
5496252 | Gilbert | Mar 1996 | A |
5526932 | Weder | Jun 1996 | A |
5551570 | Shaffer et al. | Sep 1996 | A |
5572849 | Weder et al. | Nov 1996 | A |
5572851 | Weder | Nov 1996 | A |
5575107 | Doerr | Nov 1996 | A |
5575133 | Weder et al. | Nov 1996 | A |
5595023 | Weder | Jan 1997 | A |
5617703 | Weder | Apr 1997 | A |
5624320 | Martinez | Apr 1997 | A |
5625979 | Weder | May 1997 | A |
5640805 | Weder | Jun 1997 | A |
5647168 | Gilbert | Jul 1997 | A |
5647193 | Weder et al. | Jul 1997 | A |
5687469 | Weder | Nov 1997 | A |
5706605 | Alcazar | Jan 1998 | A |
5715944 | Windisch | Feb 1998 | A |
5735103 | Weder | Apr 1998 | A |
5758472 | Weder | Jun 1998 | A |
5813194 | Weder | Sep 1998 | A |
D404684 | Shea | Jan 1999 | S |
5924241 | Hodge | Jul 1999 | A |
5941020 | Weder | Aug 1999 | A |
5966866 | Ferguson | Oct 1999 | A |
5974730 | Chien | Nov 1999 | A |
D419436 | Celtorius et al. | Jan 2000 | S |
6009687 | Weder | Jan 2000 | A |
6047524 | Weder | Apr 2000 | A |
D424972 | Ferguson | May 2000 | S |
6098336 | Ferguson | Aug 2000 | A |
6115962 | Weder et al. | Sep 2000 | A |
6129208 | Ferguson | Oct 2000 | A |
6129209 | Tchira | Oct 2000 | A |
6141906 | Weder | Nov 2000 | A |
6182395 | Weder | Feb 2001 | B1 |
6183590 | Weder | Feb 2001 | B1 |
6266920 | Weder | Jul 2001 | B1 |
6286255 | Weder et al. | Sep 2001 | B1 |
6286256 | Weder | Sep 2001 | B1 |
6345467 | Weder | Feb 2002 | B1 |
20020112401 | Weder et al. | Aug 2002 | A1 |
Number | Date | Country |
---|---|---|
4231978 | Jun 1979 | AU |
654427 | Jan 1965 | BE |
560532 | Apr 1975 | CH |
15550 | Jun 1900 | DE |
345464 | Feb 1921 | DE |
345464 | Dec 1921 | DE |
513971 | Nov 1930 | DE |
1166692 | Mar 1964 | DE |
1962947 | Jun 1971 | DE |
2060812 | Nov 1971 | DE |
2748626 | May 1979 | DE |
3445799 | Jun 1986 | DE |
3911847 | Oct 1990 | DE |
1204647 | Sep 1970 | DK |
0050990 | May 1982 | EP |
0791543 | Aug 1997 | EP |
1376047 | Sep 1964 | FR |
2036163 | Dec 1970 | FR |
2137325 | Dec 1972 | FR |
2272914 | Dec 1975 | FR |
2489126 | Mar 1982 | FR |
2567068 | Jul 1984 | FR |
2610604 | Aug 1988 | FR |
2603159 | Mar 1989 | FR |
2619698 | Mar 1989 | FR |
5605 | May 1885 | GB |
2056410 | Mar 1981 | GB |
2074542 | Nov 1981 | GB |
2128083 | Apr 1984 | GB |
2203127 | Oct 1988 | GB |
2212136 | Jul 1989 | GB |
2252708 | Aug 1992 | GB |
224507 | Apr 1996 | IT |
542958 | Feb 1993 | JP |
6127555 | May 1994 | JP |
8-19334 | Jan 1996 | JP |
8301709 | Dec 1984 | NL |
1000658 | Jan 1996 | NL |
9712819 | Apr 1975 | WO |
9315979 | Aug 1993 | WO |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
20040250471 A1 | Dec 2004 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
Parent | 08220852 | Mar 1994 | US |
Child | 08453718 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
Parent | 10294881 | Nov 2002 | US |
Child | 10715592 | US | |
Parent | 09691358 | Oct 2000 | US |
Child | 10294881 | US | |
Parent | 08783331 | Jan 1997 | US |
Child | 08953227 | US | |
Parent | 08453718 | May 1995 | US |
Child | 08783331 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
Parent | 08953227 | Oct 1997 | US |
Child | 09691358 | US |