The present invention relates to plastic can liners having a drawstring at the opening of the bag for closing the bag.
Plastic liner bags are common today for a variety of applications including storage of dry goods, food storage, and trash collection. It is desirable to be able to close such bags after filling. There are various known closure mechanisms, including drawstring closures as disclosed, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 5,133,607 and Patent Publication 2010/0111452.
It is an object of the invention, therefore, to provide an improved drawstring and an improved plastic liner bag with a drawstring.
Briefly, therefore, the invention is directed to a plastic can liner comprising first and second plastic panels joined along edges of the panels, a can liner opening defined by opposed first and second panel edges which are not joined; a first hem along the first panel edge defining the can liner opening and a second hem along the second panel edge defining the can liner opening; and a drawstring running through the first and second hems, wherein the drawstring is a cross-laminated plastic film.
Other objects and features will be in part apparent and in part pointed out hereinafter.
A plastic liner of the invention is depicted in
In the preferred embodiment shown, the seal lines 54 seal the first panel 42, two drawstring strips, and second panel together to fix the drawstring in position before use. The first panel 42 and second panel are not elastic whereas the drawstrings 56 are elastic. The hem has perforations or score lines (broadly, a tear line) illustrated at 52. When the elastic drawstring 56 is stretched to mount on a container, the panels limit the extension of the drawstring. Upon this stretching, the perforations 52 allow the hem to separate along the perforations so the non-elastic panels do not limit the stretching of the elastic drawstring 56. These perforations are not required in all embodiments, such as in the embodiment illustrated in
In one preferred embodiment, the sealing lines 54 are optionally slanted as shown so the mouth is wider at the top of the drawstring 56 and narrower at the bottom of the drawstring. With this configuration, there is less stretching at the top of the drawstring 56 when mounting the bag 40 on a container. This enables the user to more easily mount the liner 40 on a container. That is, the wider top of the drawstring 56 easily slips over the upper lip of a container and with less stretching, while the narrower bottom (i.e., shorter bottom edge) of the drawstring 56 still tightly grips the container. This also makes it easier to remove the liner 40 from the container, as the wider top (i.e., longer top edge) of the drawstring 56 easily slides back over the lip of the container. In conventional drawstrings 56, the seal lines 54 are perpendicular to the drawstring length. In one embodiment of the present invention, the seal lines 54 are slanted at least 5°, such as at least 10° or at least 15°, from perpendicular to the drawstring length. One currently preferred embodiment has a slant of between about 10° and about 30°, such as about 20°.
As illustrated in
As explained above the seal lines 54 seal the first panel 42, two drawstrings 56, and second panel together to fix the drawstrings in position before use. Good sealability and seal strength are required between the two drawstrings 56 and between the drawstrings and panels. Polyethylene of lower density such as LDPE, LLDPE, m-LLDPE, is used to have good sealing properties. However, PE of lower density has weaker mechanical strength, such as tensile strength, and is not suitable for the drawstring application. Accordingly, the cross-laminated film 1 in the present invention has at least two layers, 32A and 32B, as illustrated in
The plastic liner panel material is not narrowly critical to the operation of the invention, and may be any of a number of available polymer materials suitable for this purpose. In one currently preferred embodiment, the panel material is high density polyethylene (HDPE) or linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE).
The cross-laminated elastic film 1 which is used for the drawstring 56 is strong, tough, has good tensile and tear strength in the machine direction, has good tensile and tear strength in the transverse direction, and is elastic. The tensile strength in the machine direction (MD) is crucial in this application. When the drawstrings 56 are pulled from notch 58 to close the filled bag 40, the drawstrings require good tensile strength to carry the weight of the filled bag. The tear strengths in both MD and transverse direction (TD) are also important in case that there are nicks on the drawstrings 56. Conventional HDPE drawstrings have very weak tear strength in MD. When there are nicks, the drawstrings can be easily split or torn in the MD. The drawstring 56 of about 60-90 g per square meter (gsm) (weight per unit area, aka, “weight”) in the present invention has tensile strength in MD greater than about 10 lbs/inch, Elmendorf tear strength (in both MD and TD) of greater than about 3000 grams and tensile elongation of greater than about 500%.
In its most basic form, each drawstring strip 56 of the invention is formed from a cross-laminated film 1 comprising at least two plies 32A, 32B, which are laminated together with their major directions of orientation at an angle with respect to each other. In the final drawstring 56, therefore, the machine direction of one layer 32A is at an angle with respect to the machine direction of another layer 32B to which it is laminated. This angle is at least about 5° and up to 90°.
In one preferred embodiment, the drawstring film 1 is elastic in that it can be stretched by between about 3% and about 40% in the machine direction, and still snap back to its original dimensions in both directions with strong force at room temperature. No heat treatment is required to assist the film 1 to return to its original dimensions. In elasticity tests, the film 1 is stretched 5% at time=0. Since the film 1 is elastic there is a force that the film would like pull back. The strength, F, at time 0 is, for example F0. The pull-back strength decreases slowly since the plastic film 1 has elastoplasticity properties, the combination elasticity and plasticity. The strength, F, at 2 minutes is, for example F2. In the currently preferred embodiments, F2/F0 is greater than about 50%.
The plastic film 1 is elastic below the yield point. When applied deformation is above the yield point, the film 1 does not snap back to its original, pre-stretched dimensions; i.e., if the drawstrings 56 are stretched beyond the yield point. For drawstring can liner applications of the present invention, the size of the bag 40 is more or less equivalent to the size of the container and the drawstring 56 is intentionally shortened a little so the drawstring can tie the bag to the mouth of the container. The stretching percentage required to fix a liner of the invention to a container is therefore usually not high and is below the yield point.
The cross-laminated drawstring 56 of the invention in one embodiment has a weight of between about 45 and about 500 grams per square meter (gsm), preferably between about 70 and about 200 gsm. In one preferred embodiment, the drawstring material has a weight per unit area (weight) of less than 100 gsm, such as between about 50 to 100 gsm. The nominal thickness of the film 1 is between about 50 and about 550 microns, constituted by two or more layers 32A-32n. The film 1 in the currently preferred embodiments is manufactured in continuous lengths.
In one embodiment, each layer 32A, 32B of the drawstring material 1 contains a thermoplastic component and optional additional components. At least one layer 32A, 32B may also contain an elastic component. Examples of suitable thermoplastic components include high-density polyethylene (HDPE), linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), metallocene linear low density polyethylene (m-LLDPE) and copolymers thereof. Examples of suitable elastic components include elastic polymers (EP) such as that available from Exxon-Mobil under the trade name EXACT, and available from Dow Chemical under the trade name Affinity. These are ethylene-olefin copolymers plastomers which are available in the form of odorless transluscent pellets. The preferred polyethylene components have a density between about 0.8 and about 0.98 g/cm3 and a melt index of between about 0.01 and about 5 g/10 minutes under ASTM D 1238 and condition E. Examples of suitable elastic components include elastic polymers (EP) such as that available from Exxon-Mobil under the trade name EXACT, and available from Dow Chemical under the trade name Affinity. The preferred elastic components have a density between about 0.8 and about 0.92 g/cm3 and a melt index of between about 0.1 and about 10 g/10 minutes under ASTM D 1238 and condition E. Both the thermoplastic components and the elastic components in the currently preferred embodiment are 100% PE based, and completely free of PP or other non-PE-based polymers.
Among the optional additional components are included anti-block, slip, UV inhibitors, colorants, and fillers, and others as are known in the plastic film industry.
In one preferred embodiment of the invention where the drawstring 56 has a first layer 32A and a second layer 32B, the first layer comprises up to about 30 weight % of an elastic component such as between about 2 and 30 weight % of the elastic component, between about 5 and about 30 weight % of the elastic component, or between about 5 and about 15 weight % of the elastic component. In this preferred embodiment, the first layer 32A comprises at least about 65 weight % of the thermoplastic component, such as between about 70 and about 95 weight % of the thermoplastic component, between about 70 and about 90 weight % of the thermoplastic component, or between about 70 and about 85 weight % of the thermoplastic component. The first layer 32A also optionally contains up to about 30 weight % of other additive components such as the color, slip, etc. components described above, for example between about 5 and about 25 weight % of such components. The proportions of the constituents of the second layer 32B are typically distinct from the proportions in the first layer, though the proportions in the second layer also preferably fall within these same ranges. Moreover, the proportions of the constituents of both layers 32A, 32B cumulatively, or all layers if more than two layers are employed, preferably fall within these same ranges.
In one preferred embodiment, the two layers 32A, 32B described above are each three-ply layers. That is, there are three plies within each of the major layers 32A, 32B of material used in forming the drawstring film 1. These plies constitute a core component 4, 10, a sealing component 6, 12, and a laminating component 2, 8 as described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,629,525, and are co-extruded as described in British Pat. 1,526,722, the entire disclosures of which are incorporated by reference.
As shown schematically in
As shown schematically in
As shown schematically in
Two film layers 32A and 32B as produced according to
Returning now to description of film layer 22 (which has a machine direction oriented parallel to the film length) and the film layer 32 (which has been further processed to have a machine direction oriented transverse to the film length), which may correspond with either of the layers 32A, 32B of the drawstring film 1, the core component 4, 10 preferably constitutes between about 45% and about 90%, such as between about 55% and about 80% by weight of the respective layer. The core component 4, 10 contains a thermoplastic component and an elastic component. In one preferred embodiment, the core component 4, 10 comprises between about 50 and about 95 weight %, such as between about 70 and about 95 weight %, between about 80 weight % and about 90 weight %, or between about 70 and about 90 weight % of a thermoplastic component, and between about 5 weight % and about 40 weight %, such as between about 10 weight % and about 25 or 20 weight %, of an elastic component. The core component 4, 10 may optionally contain up to about 25 weight % cumulatively of additive components such as the above-described color and UV components.
The sealing component 6, 12 preferably constitutes between about 5 and about 30 or 40%, such as between about 10% and about 25 or 30% by weight of the respective layer 32A, 32B. The sealing component 6, 12 contains a thermoplastic component. In one preferred embodiment, the sealing component 6, 12 comprises between about 75 and about 95 or 100 weight %, such as between about 80 weight % and about 90 or 95 weight %, of a thermoplastic component and up to about 25 weight % cumulatively of additive components such as the above-described color and UV components.
The laminating component 2, 8 preferably constitutes between about 5 and about 20 or 25% by weight, such as between about 5 and about 15 or 20 weight %, of the respective layer 32A, 32B. The laminating component 2, 8 contains a thermoplastic component including m-LLDPE, such as Affinity, Exact, etc. In one preferred embodiment, the laminating component 2, 8 comprises between about 90 or 95 and about 100 weight % of a thermoplastic component with about 10-90% m-LLDPE and up to about 5 or 10 weight % cumulatively of additive components such as the above-described antiblock component. The components in the formula are weighed and mixed and then transported to the hoppers of the extruders.
In view of the above, it will be seen that the several objects of the invention are achieved and other advantageous results attained.
As various changes could be made in the above compositions and processes without departing from the scope of the invention, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description and shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.
This application is a non-provisional application claiming priority to provisional U.S. application 62/005,100, filed May 30, 2014, the entire disclosure of which is expressly incorporated herein by reference.
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