Claims
- 1. A polysaccharide derivative prepared by replacing all or part of the hydroxyl hydrogen atoms of a polysaccharide or polysaccharide derivative with (A) a hydrophobic substituent having a C.sub.8 -C.sub.43 hydrocarbon chain and (B) an ionic hydrophilic substituent having at least one member selected from the group consisting of sulfonic, carboxyl, phosphoric, and sulfate groups and salts thereof, wherein the average degree of replacement by the substituent (A) is 0.0001 or above but below 0.001 per monosaccharide unit as determined by Zeisel's method or the diazomethane method, and by the substituent (B) is 0.01 to 2.0 per monosaccharide unit as determined by colloidal titration.
- 2. The polysaccharide derivative according to claim 1, wherein the polysaccharide or polysaccharide derivative is one selected from the group consisting of cellulose, guar gum, starch, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxyethyl guar gum, hydroxyethylstarch, methylcellulose, methyl guar gum, methylstarch, ethylcellulose, ethyl guar gum, ethylstarch, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropyl guar gum, hydroxypropylstarch, hydroxyethylmethylcellulose, hydroxyethylmethyl guar gum, hydroxyethylmethylstarch, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethyl guar gum and hydroxypropylmethylstarch.
- 3. The polysaccharide derivative according to claim 1, wherein the substituent (A) is a C.sub.10 -C.sub.43 linear or branched alkyl, alkenyl or acyl group which may be hydroxylated or interrupted by oxycarbonyl group (--COO-- or --OCO--) or an ether linkage and the substituent (B) is an optionally hydroxylated C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 sulfoalkyl group or a salt thereof.
- 4. The polysaccharide derivative according to claim 3, wherein the substituent (A) is at least one selected from the group consisting of C.sub.12 -C.sub.36 linear and branched alkyl, alkenyl and acyl groups which may be hydroxylated or interrupted by an ether linkage, and the substituent (B) is at least one selected from the group consisting of 2-sulfoethyl, 3-sulfopropyl, 3-sulfo-2-hydroxypropyl and 2-sulfo-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl.
- 5. A hydraulic composition comprising a hydraulic material and 0.1 to 5% by weight based on the hydraulic material of a polysaccharide derivative prepared by replacing all or part of the hydroxyl hydrogen atoms of a polysaccharide or polysaccharide derivative with (A) a hydrophobic substituent having a C.sub.8 -C.sub.43 hydrocarbon chain and (B) an ionic hydrophilic substituent having at least one member selected from the group consisting of sulfonic, carboxylic, phosphoric, and sulfate groups and salts thereof.
- 6. The hydraulic composition according to claim 5, wherein the substituent (A) is a C.sub.10 -C.sub.43 linear or branched alkyl, alkenyl or acyl group which may be hydroxylated or interrupted by oxycarbonyl (--COO-- or --OCO--) or an ether linkage; the substituent (B) is an optionally hydroxylated C.sub.l -C.sub.5 sulfoalkyl group or a salt thereof; the average degree of replacement by the substituent (A) is 0.0001 or above but below 0.001 per monosaccharide unit as determined by Zeisel's method or the diazomethane method; and that by the substituent (B) is 0.01 to 2.0 per monosaccharide unit as determined by colloidal titration.
- 7. The hydraulic composition according to claim 5, wherein the polysaccharide derivative is an alkylated or hydroxyalkylated polysaccharide; the hydrocarbon chain of (A) is a C.sub.10 -C.sub.40 alkyl or alkenyl group; and the hydraulic material is cement.
- 8. The hydraulic composition according to claim 7, wherein the degree of replacement by the substituent (A) is 0.001 to 1 per monosaccharide unit as determined by NMR spectrometry; and that by the substituent (B) is 0.01 to 2 per monosaccharide unit as determined by colloidal titration.
- 9. The hydraulic composition according to claim 5, wherein the polysaccharide derivative is an alkylated or hydroxyalkylated polysaccharide; the hydrocarbon chain of the substituent (A) has 8 to 40 carbon atoms; the degree of replacement by the substituent (A) is 0.0001 to 1 per monosaccharide unit as determined by Zeisel's method or the diazomethane method; and that by the substituent (B) is 0.001 to 2 per monosaccharide unit as determined by colloidal titration.
- 10. The hydraulic composition according to claim 5, wherein the substituent (A) is at least one member selected from the group consisting of alkyl glyceryl ether groups wherein the alkyl group is a C.sub.8 -C.sub.40 linear or branched alkyl, alkenyl glyceryl ether groups wherein the alkenyl group is a C.sub.8 -C.sub.40 linear or branched alkyl, and C.sub.8 -C.sub.40 linear and branched alkyl, alkenyl and acyl groups which may be hydroxylated or interruptedbyoxycarbonyl; and the substituent (B) is at least one member selected from the group consisting of sulfoalkyl, carboxyalkyl, alkyl phosphate and alkyl sulfate groups each of which has 1 to 5 carbon atoms and may be hydroxylated; and salts thereof.
- 11. The hydraulic composition according to claim 5, wherein the substituent (A) is an alkyl glyceryl ether group wherein the alkyl group is a C.sub.12 -C.sub.36 linear alkyl.
- 12. The hydraulic composition according to claim 5, wherein the hydraulic material is an inorganic substance which can be hardened through hydration.
- 13. The hydraulic composition according to claim 5 or 9, wherein the hydraulic material is hemihydrate gypsum.
- 14. The hydraulic composition according to claim 5 or 9, wherein the hydraulic material is ordinary portland cement, blast-furnace slag cement or silica cement.
- 15. The hydraulic composition according to claim 5 or 9, which further comprises a super plasticizer in an amount of 0.0001 to 3% by weight, based on the weight of the hydraulic composition.
- 16. The hydraulic composition according to claim 15, wherein the super plasticizer is a (co)polymer prepared from one or two or more monomers selected from the group consisting of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, adducts thereof with alkylene oxides, and derivatives thereof, or a condensate of formaldehyde with one or two or more compounds selected from the group consisting of methylolated and sulfonated derivatives of naphthalene, melamine, phenol, urea and aniline.
- 17. The hydraulic composition according to claim 15, wherein the super plasticizer is a water-soluble vinyl copolymer comprising oxyalkylene units and prepared by copolymerizing a monomer represented by the following general formula (1) with at least one monomer selected from those represented by the following general formulae (2) or (3): ##STR4## (wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each hydrogen or methyl; m.sub.1 is a number of 0 to 2; AO is C.sub.2 -C.sub.3 oxyalkylene; n is a number of 2 to 300; and X is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl) ##STR5## (wherein R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are each hydrogen, methyl or (CH.sub.2).sub.m2 COOM.sub.2 ; R.sub.6 is hydrogen or methyl; M.sub.1, M.sub.2 and Y are each hydrogen, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium, alkylammonium or substituted alkylammonium; and m.sub.2 is a number of 0 to 2).
- 18. The hydraulic composition according to claim 15 wherein the super plasticizer is selected from the group consisting of condensates of formaldehyde with at least one selected from the group consisting of methylolated and sulfonated derivatives of naphthalene, melamine, phenol, urea and aniline.
- 19. The hydraulic composition according to claim 15, wherein the amount of superplasticizer is 0.001 to 0.5% by weight, based on the hydraulic material.
- 20. The hydraulic composition according to claim 5, wherein the amount of polysaccharide derivative is 0.001 to 5% by weight, based on the hydraulic material.
- 21. The hydraulic composition according to claim 19, wherein the amount of superplasticizer is 0.001 to 0.1% by weight, based on the hydraulic material.
- 22. The hydraulic composition according to claim 15, wherein the super plasticizer is comprised of condensates of formaldehyde with metal salts of naphthalenesulfonic acid, condensates of formaldehyde with metal salts of melaminesulfonic acid, condensates of formaldehyde with phenolsulfonic acid, or co-condensates of formaldehyde with phenol and sulfanilic acid.
- 23. The hydraulic composition according to claim 15, wherein the super plasticizer is comprised of a water-soluble vinyl copolymer comprising oxyalkylene units.
- 24. The hydraulic composition according to claim 15, wherein the super plasticizer is comprised of polymers and copolymers prepared from one or more monomers selected from the group consisting of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, adducts thereof with alkylene oxides, and derivatives thereof.
- 25. A method for preparing a hydraulic composition comprising:
- mixing a polysaccharide derivative prepared by replacing all or part of the hydroxyl hydrogen atoms of a polysaccharide or polysaccharide derivative with (A) a hydrophobic substituent having a C.sub.8 -C.sub.43 hydrocarbon chain and (B) an ionic hydrophilic substituent having at least one member selected from the group consisting of sulfonic, carboxylic, phosphoric, and sulfate groups and salts thereof with a hydraulic material and water.
Priority Claims (5)
Number |
Date |
Country |
Kind |
8-316166 |
Nov 1996 |
JPX |
|
9-103038 |
Apr 1997 |
JPX |
|
9-156793 |
Jun 1997 |
JPX |
|
9-162289 |
Jun 1997 |
JPX |
|
9-162637 |
Jun 1997 |
JPX |
|
Parent Case Info
This application claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. .sctn.371 of prior PCT International Application No. PCT/JP97/04316 which has an International filing date of Nov. 26, 1997 which designated the United States of America, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by references.
PCT Information
Filing Document |
Filing Date |
Country |
Kind |
102e Date |
371c Date |
PCT/JP97/04316 |
11/26/1997 |
|
|
7/14/1998 |
7/14/1998 |
Publishing Document |
Publishing Date |
Country |
Kind |
WO98/23647 |
6/4/1998 |
|
|
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Entry |
Analysis of Acrylic Polymers Using Combined Zeisel Reaction-Gas Chromatography and Infrared Spectrometry, D.G. Anderson et al, Analytical Chemistry, vol. 43, No.7, Jun. 1971, pp. 894-900. |