Claims
- 1. A polysaccharide having a molecular weight of from 5,000 to 300,000 as determined by ultracentrifugation, giving color reactions characteristic of saccharides in .alpha.-naphthol-sulfuric acid reaction, indole-sulfuric acid reaction, phenol-sulfuric acid reaction, and tryptophane-sulfuric acid reaction, containing 43.5 to 45.3% by weight of carbon, 5.7 to 6.7% by weight of hydrogen and the balance of oxygen and being free of nitrogen, the saccharide units of said polysaccharide being composed principally of D-glucose bonded together entirely by .alpha.-bonding and having a structure in which .fwdarw..sup.4 G.sup.1 .fwdarw. is within the range of 3.5 to 8.5, .fwdarw..sup.3 G.sup.1 .fwdarw. is less than 2, .fwdarw..sup.4 G.sub.6.sup.1 .fwdarw. is within the range of 0.5 to 2.0, .fwdarw..sup.4 G.sub.3.sup.1 .fwdarw. is within the range of 0.1 to 2.5, and .fwdarw..sup.3 G.sub.6.sup.1 .fwdarw. is less than 0.8 when the non-reducing end-group (G.sup.1 .fwdarw.) of monosaccharide as determined in a methylation-hydrolysis test according to Haworth's method is indexed as 1, the specific rotation [.alpha.].sub.D.sup.25 of said polysaccharide being +70.degree. to +180.degree., said polysaccharide showing a specific absorption at 840 cm.sup.-1 in its infrared absorption spectrum and showing absorptions at 3.7.+-.0.1, 3.8.+-.0.1, 5.0.+-.0.1, and 5.4.+-.0.1 ppm but not showing any absorptions in the range of 4.4 to 4.9 ppm in its nuclear magnetic resonance absorption spectrum, and said polysaccharide being soluble in water but insoluble in pyridine, chloroform, and hexane.
- 2. The polysaccharide according to claim 1, wherein the average molecular weight of said polysaccharide is within the range of from 10,000 to 100,000.
- 3. A pharmaceutical composition in a unit dosage form comprising a therapeutically effective dosage for treating mammalian gastro-intestinal cancer of a polysaccharide as an active ingredient and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable substance selected from the group consisting of galactose, heavy magnesium oxide, starch, monosaccharides, crystalline cellulose, poly(vinyl alcohol), non-ionic surfactants, and physiological saline solutions, said polysaccharide having a molecular weight of from 5,000 to 300,000 as determined by ultracentrifugation, giving color reactions characteristic of saccharides in .alpha.-naphthol-sulfuric acid reaction, indole-sulfuric acid reaction, phenol-sulfuric acid reaction, and tryptophane-sulfuric acid reaction, containing 43.5 to 45.3% by weight of carbon, 5.7 to 6.7% by weight of hydrogen and the balance of oxygen and free of nitrogen, the saccharide units of said polysaccharide being composed principally of D-glucose bonded together entirely by .alpha.-bonding and having a structure in which .fwdarw..sup.4 G.sup.1 .fwdarw. is within the range of 3.5 to 8.5, .fwdarw..sup.3 G.sup.1 .fwdarw. is less than 2, .fwdarw..sup.4 G.sub.6.sup.1 .fwdarw. is within the range of 0.5 to 2.0, .fwdarw..sup.4 G.sub.3.sup.1 .fwdarw. is within the range of 0.1 to 2.5 and .fwdarw..sup.3 G.sub.6.sup.1 .fwdarw. is less than 0.8 when the non-reducing endgroup (G.sup.1 .fwdarw.) of monosaccharide as determined in a methylation-hydrolysis test according to Haworth's method is indexed as 1, the specific rotation [.alpha.].sub.D.sup.25 of said polysaccharide being +70.degree. to +180.degree., said polysaccharide showing a specific absorption at 840 cm.sup.-1 in its infrared absorption spectrum and showing absorptions at 3.7.+-.0.1, 3.8.+-.0.1, 5.0.+-.0.1, and 5.4.+-.0.1 ppm but not showing any absorptions in the range of 4.4. to 4.9 ppm in its nuclear magnetic resonance absorption spectrum, and said polysaccharide being soluble in water but not soluble in pyridine, chloroform, and hexane.
- 4. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 3, wherein the average molecular weight of said polysaccharide is within the range of from 10,000 to 100,000.
- 5. A method of treating mammalian gastro-intestinal cancer, comprising the step of administering to a mammal bearing said gastrointestinal cancer a therapeutically effective amount of an antitumor agent containing a polysaccharide as an active ingredient, said polysaccharide having a molecular weight of from 5,000 to 300,000 as determined by ultracentrifugation, giving color reactions characteristic of saccharides in .alpha.-naphthol-sulfuric acid reaction, indole-sulfuric acid reaction, phenol-sulfuric acid reaction, and tryptophane-sulfuric acid reaction, containing 43.5 to 45.3% by weight of carbon, 5.7 to 6.7% by weight of hydrogen and the balance of oxygen and being free of nitrogen, the saccharide units of said polysaccharide being composed principally of D-glucose bonded together entirely by .alpha.-bonding and having a structure in which .fwdarw..sup.4 G.sup.1 .fwdarw. is within the range of 3.5 to 8.5, .fwdarw..sup.3 G.sup.1 .fwdarw. is less than 2, .fwdarw..sup.4 G.sub.6.sup.1 .fwdarw. is within the range of 0.5 to 2.0, .fwdarw..sup.4 G.sub.3.sup.1 .fwdarw. is within the range of 0.1 to 2.5 and .fwdarw..sup.3 G.sub.6.sup.1 .fwdarw. is less than 0.8 when the non-reducing endgroup (G.sup.1 .fwdarw.) of monosaccharide as determined in methylation-hydrolysis test according to Haworth's method is indexed as 1, the specific rotation [.alpha.].sub.D.sup.25 of said polysaccharide being +70.degree. to +180.degree., said polysaccharide showing a specific absorption at 840 cm.sup.-1 in its infrared absorption spectrum and showing absorptions at 3.7.+-.0.1, 3.8.+-.0.1, 5.0.+-.0.1, and 5.4.+-.0.1 ppm but not showing any absorptions in the range of 4.4 to 4.9 ppm in its nuclear magnetic resonance absorption spectrum, and said polysaccharide being soluble in water but insoluble in pyridine, chloroform, and hexane.
- 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein said gastro-intestinal cancer is selected from the group consisting of gastric cancer, colonic cancer and esophageal cancer.
- 7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the average molecular weight of said polysaccharide is within the range of from 10,000 to 100,000.
- 8. A polysaccharide having a molecular weight of from 5,000 to 300,000 as determined by ultracentrifugation, giving color reactions characteristic of saccharides in .alpha.-naphthol-sulfuric acid reaction, indole-sulfuric acid reaction, phenol-sulfuric acid reaction, and tryptophane-sulfuric acid reaction, containing 43.5 to 45.3% weight of carbon, 5.7 to 6.7% by weight of hydrogen and the balance of oxygen and being free of nitrogen, the saccharide units of said polysaccharide being composed principally of D-glucose bonded together entirely by .alpha.-bonding and having a structure in which .fwdarw..sup.4 G.sup.1 .fwdarw. is within the range of 3.5 to 8.5, .fwdarw..sup.3 G.sup.1 .fwdarw. is less than 2, .fwdarw..sup.4 G.sub.6.sup.1 .fwdarw. is within the range of 0.5 to 2.0, .fwdarw..sup.4 G.sub.3.sup.1 .fwdarw. is within the range of 0.1 to 2.5 and .fwdarw..sup.3 G.sub.6.sup.1 .fwdarw. is less than 0.8 when the non-reducing endgroup (G.sup.1 .fwdarw.) of monosaccharide as determined in methylation-hydrolysis test according to Haworth's method is indexed as 1, the specific rotatory power [.alpha.].sub.D.sup.25 of said polysaccharide being +70.degree. to + 180.degree., said polysaccharide showing a specific absorption at 840 cm.sup.-1 in its infrared absorption spectrum and showing absorptions at 3.7.+-.0,1, 3.8.+-.0.1, 5.0.+-.0.1, and 5.4.+-.0.1 ppm but not showing any absorptions in the range of 4.4 to 4.9 ppm in its nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum, and said polysaccharide being soluble in water but insoluble in pyridine, chloroform, and hexane, produced by the process comprising the steps of,
- extracting mycelia, fruit bodies of a basidiomycetous fungus selected from the group consisting of Coriolus versicolor (Fr.) Quel., Coriolus Consors (Berk.) Imaz., Coriolus hirsutus Fr.) Quel. and Coriolus pargamenus (Fr.) Pat. or mixtures thereof with an aqueous solvent selected from the group consisting of water, an aqueous dilute acid solution, an aqueous 0.005 to 2N solution of potassium- or sodium hydroxide, and an aqueous dilute solution of an organic solvent,
- saturating the thus-obtained extract solution with ammonium sulfate after removing the low-molecular weight substances with molecular weight of lower than 5,000 contained therein by ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis or a combination thereof,
- collecting the resultant precipitate,
- dissolving said precipitate in water,
- desalting the thus-obtained solution of said precipitate,
- passing the thus-desalted solution through a column packed with an ion exchanger, thereby absorbing and removing the nitrogenous substance contained therein,
- concentrating the thus-obtained solution, and
- drying the thus-obtained concentrate to obtain said polysaccharide.
- 9. The polysaccharide produced by the process according to claim 8, wherein said extraction is carried out by first extracting the fungus or cultured material thereof with water or a dilute aqueous alkali solution and further performing the extraction stepwise with the alkali solutions with successively raised concentration.
- 10. An antitumor agent comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a polysaccharide as an active ingredient and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable substance selected from the group consisting of galactose, heavy magnesium oxide, starch, monosaccharides, crystalline cellulose, poly(vinyl alcohol), non-ionic surfactants and physiological saline solutions, said polysaccharide having a molecular weight of from 5,000 to 300,000 as determined by ultracentrifugation, giving color reactions characteristic of saccharides in .alpha.-naphthol-sulfuric acid reaction, indole-sulfuric acid reaction, phenol-sulfuric acid reaction, and tryptophane-sulfuric acid reaction, containing 43.5 to 45.3% by weight of carbon, 5.7 to 6.7% by weight of hydrogen and the balance of oxygen and being free of nitrogen, the saccharide units of said polysaccharide being composed principally of D-glucose bonded together entirely by .alpha.-bonding and having a structure in which .fwdarw..sup.4 G.sup.1 .fwdarw. is within the range of 3.5 to 8.5, .fwdarw..sup.3 G.sub.6.sup.1 .fwdarw. is less than 2, .fwdarw..sup.4 G.sub.6.sup.1 .fwdarw. is within the range of 0.5 to 2.0, .fwdarw..sup.4 G.sub.3.sup.1 .fwdarw. is within the range of 0.1 to 2.5 and .fwdarw..sup.3 G.sub.6.sup.1 .fwdarw. is less than 0.8 when the non-reducing endgroup (G.sup.1 .fwdarw.) of monosaccharide as determined in methylation-hydrolysis test according to Haworth's method is indexed as 1, the specific rotation [.alpha.].sub.D.sup.25 of said polysaccharide being +70.degree. to +180.degree., said polysaccharide showing a specific absorption at 840 cm.sup.-1 in its infrared absorption spectrum and showing absorptions at 3.7.+-.0.1, 3.8.+-.0.1, 5.0.+-.0.1, and 5.4.+-.0.1 ppm but not showing any absorptions in the range of 4.4 to 4.9 ppm in its nuclear magnetic resonance absorption spectrum, and said polysaccharide being soluble in water but insoluble in pyridine, chloroform, and hexane.
- 11. The antitumor agent according to claim 10, wherein the average molecular weight of said polysaccharide is within the range of from 10,000 to 100,000.
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
The present application is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 336,263, filed Dec. 31, 1981, now abandoned, which is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 71,287, filed Aug. 30, 1979, now abandoned, which is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 870,803, filed Jan. 19, 1978, now abandoned.
US Referenced Citations (6)
Non-Patent Literature Citations (3)
Entry |
Ito et al., "Mie Medical Journal", vol. XXII, No. 2-3, 1972-1973, pp. 103-113. |
Ito et al., "Mie Medical Journal", vol. XXIII, No. 1, 1973, pp. 67-79. |
Ito et al., "Chem. Abst.", vol. 80, p. 116284(b), 1974. |
Continuation in Parts (3)
|
Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
336263 |
Dec 1981 |
|
Parent |
71287 |
Aug 1979 |
|
Parent |
870803 |
Jan 1978 |
|