Claims
- 1. A porcine mesencephalic cell, which, in unmodified form, has at least one antigen on the cell surface which is capable of stimulating an immune response against the cell in a xenogeneic subject, wherein the antigen on the cell surface is altered to inhibit rejection of the cell when introduced into the xenogeneic subject.
- 2. The porcine mesencephalic cell of claim 1, wherein the antigen on the cell surface which is altered is an MHC class I antigen.
- 3. The porcine mesencephalic cell of claim 2, which is contacted prior to transplantation into a xenogeneic subject with at least one anti-MHC class I antibody, or fragment or derivative thereof, which binds to the MHC class I antigen on the cell surface but does not activate complement or induce lysis of the cell.
- 4. The porcine mesencephalic cell of claim 3, wherein the anti-MHC class I antibody is an anti-MHC class I F(ab′)2 fragment.
- 5. The porcine mesencephalic cell of claim 4, wherein the anti-MHC class I F(ab′)2 fragment is a F(ab′)2 fragment of a monoclonal antibody PT85.
- 6. The porcine mesencephalic cell of claim 1, wherein the xenogeneic subject is a human.
- 7. The porcine mesencephalic cell of claim 7, which is an embryonic ventral mesencephalic cell.
- 8. The porcine mesencephalic cell of claim 7, which is obtained from an embryonic pig between about days 20 and 30 of gestation.
- 9. The porcine mesencephalic cell of claim 8, which is obtained from an embryonic pig between about days 24 and 28 of gestation.
- 10. The porcine mesecephalic cell of claim 9, which is obtained from an embryonic pig between about days 26 and 28 of gestation.
- 11. The porcine mesencephalic cell of claim 10, which is obtained from an embryonic pig at about day 27 of gestation.
- 12. An isolated porcine mesencephalic cell having an antibody, antibody fragment or derivative, bound to its surface.
- 13. The porcine mesencephalic cell of claim 12, wherein the antibody is an anti-MHC class I antibody.
- 14. The porcine mesencephalic cell of claim 13, wherein the anti-MHC class I antibody is an anti-MHC class I F(ab′)2 fragment.
- 15. The porcine mesencephalic cell of claim 14, wherein the anti-MHC class I F(ab′)2 fragment is a F(ab′)2 fragment of a monoclonal antibody PT85.
- 16. An isolated porcine mesencephalic cell obtained from an embryonic pig between about days 26 and 28 of gestation, the mesencephalic cell having an antibody, antibody fragment or derivative, bound to its surface.
- 17. The isolated mesencephalic cell of claim 16, wherein the antibody is an anti-MHC class I antibody.
- 18. The porcine mesencephalic cell of claim 17, wherein the anti-MHC class I antibody is a anti-MHC class I F(ab′)2 fragment.
- 19. A composition comprising a porcine mesencephalic cell and an antibody which binds an antigen on the surface of the porcine mesencephalic cell.
- 20. An isolated population of porcine mesencephalic cells which, in unmodified form, have at least one antigen on the cell surface which is capable of stimulating an immune response against the cell in a xenogeneic subject, wherein the antigen on the cell surface is altered to inhibit rejection of the cell when introduced into the xenogeneic subject.
- 21. The population of cells of claim 20, wherein the antigen on the cell surface which is altered is an MHC class I antigen.
- 22. The population of cells claim 20, which is contacted prior to transplantation into a xenogeneic subject with at least one MHC class I antibody, or fragment or derivative thereof, which binds to the MHC class I antigen on the cell surface but does not activate complement or induce lysis of the cell.
- 23. The population of cells of claim 22, comprising mesencephalic cells.
- 24. The population of cells of claim 23, comprising embryonic ventral mesencephalic cells.
- 25. The population of cells of claim 24, wherein the embryonic ventral mesencephalic cells are obtained from a pig between about days 20 and 30 of gestation.
- 26. The population of cells of claim 25, wherein the embryonic ventral mesencephalic cells are obtained from a pig between about days 24 and 28 of gestation.
- 27. The population of cells of claim 26, wherein the embryonic ventral mesencephalic cells are obtained from a pig between about days 26 and 28 of gestation.
- 28. The population of cells of claim 27, wherein the embryonic ventral mesencephalic cells are obtained from a pig at about day 27 of gestation.
- 29. A porcine neural cell isolated from a pig which is essentially free from organisms or substances which are capable of transmitting infection or disease to a xenogeneic recipient of the cells.
- 30. The porcine neural cell of claim 29 which is isolated from a pig which is essentially free from at least one organism selected from the group consisting of parasites, bacteria, mycoplasma, and viruses.
- 31. The porcine neural cell of claim 30, which is a mesencephalic cell.
- 32. The porcine neural cell of claim 31, which is an embryonic ventral mesencephalic cell.
- 33. A cell culture comprising porcine ventral mesencephalic cells wherein at least about 1% to about 5% of the porcine ventral mesencephalic cells produce tyrosine hydroxylase.
- 34. The cell culture of claim 33, wherein the porcine ventral mesencephalic cells are embryonic porcine ventral mesencephalic cells.
- 35. The cell culture of claim 33, wherein at least about 30% to about 50% of the cells comprise ventral mesencephalic cells.
- 36. An isolated porcine ventral mesencephalic cell which, when transplanted into a xenogeneic subject, produces dopamine.
- 37. A method for treating neurological deficits due to neurodegeneration in the brain of a xenogeneic subject comprising introducing into an area of neurodegeneration in the brain of a xenogeneic subject, porcine mesencephalic cells, which, in unmodified form, have at least one antigen on the cell surface which is capable of stimulating an immune response against the cell in a xenogeneic subject, wherein the antigen on the cell surface is altered to inhibit rejection of the cell when introduced into the xenogeneic subject.
- 38. The method of claim 37, wherein the mesencephalic cells are embryonic ventral mesencephalic cells.
- 39. The method of claim 38, wherein the area of neurodegeneration is in the substantia nigra.
- 40. The method of claim 38, wherein the subject is a human with Parkinson's disease.
- 41. The method of claim 37, wherein the porcine mesencephalic cells are contacted prior to introduction into the subject with at least one molecule which binds to at least one antigen on the cell surface which is capable of stimulating an immune response against the cell in the subject to alter the antigen on the cell surface to inhibit rejection of the cell when introduced into a subject.
- 42. The method of claim 41, wherein the antigen on the surface of the porcine neural cells which is altered is an MHC class I antigen.
- 43. The method of claim 41, wherein the porcine neural cells are contacted prior to introduction into a subject with at least one anti-MHC class I antibody, or fragment or derivative thereof, which binds to the MHC class I antigen on the cell surface but does not activate complement or induce lysis of the cell.
- 44. The method of claim 43, wherein the anti-MHC class I antibody is an anti-MHC class I F(ab′)2 fragment.
- 45. The method of claim 44, wherein the anti-MHC class I F(ab′)2 fragment is a F(ab′)2 fragment of a monoclonal antibody PT85.
- 46. The method of claim 41, further comprising administering an immunosuppressive agent to the subject.
- 47. A method for treating neurological deficits due to neurodegeneration in the brain of a xenogeneic subject comprising introducing porcine neural cells obtained from a pig which is essentially free from organisms or substances which are capable of transmitting infection or disease to the subject into an area of neurodegeneration in the brain of the subject.
- 48. The method of claim 47, wherein the area of neurodegeneration is in the mesencephalon.
- 49. The method of claim 48, wherein the mesencephalic neurodegeneration occurs in the substantia nigra.
- 50. The method of claim 47, wherein the porcine neural cells are embryonic ventral mesencephalic cells.
- 51. The method of claim 50, wherein the ventral mesencephalic cells are obtained from an embryonic pig between about days 20 and 30 of gestation.
- 52. The method of claim 51, wherein the ventral mesencephalic cells are obtained from an embryonic pig between about days 24 and 28 of gestation.
- 53. The method of claim 52, wherein the ventral mesencephalic cells are obtained from an embryonic pig between about days 26 and 28 of gestation.
- 54. The method of claim 53, wherein the ventral mesencephalic cells are obtained from an embryonic pig at about day 27 of gestation.
- 55. The method of claim 54, wherein the subject is a human with Parkinson's disease.
RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application is a continuation-in-part application of U.S. Ser. No. 08/336,856, filed Nov. 8, 1994. The contents of this application are hereby incorporated by reference.
Divisions (1)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
08424855 |
Apr 1995 |
US |
Child |
09843270 |
Apr 2001 |
US |
Continuation in Parts (1)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
08336856 |
Nov 1994 |
US |
Child |
08424855 |
Apr 1995 |
US |