Patent Application
20130108379
The invention relates to a powder supplying device for a powder coating installation according to the preamble of independent patent claim 1.
Accordingly, the invention relates in particular to a powder supplying device which has at least one closed or closable powder container with a substantially cuboidal powder chamber for coating powder.
The invention furthermore relates to a method for automatically cleaning a powder supplying device of this type, in particular when there is a change of color or powder.
The device according to the invention is suitable in particular for supplying powder to a powder coating installation which is used for the electrostatic spray coating of objects with powder and in which fresh coating powder (also called “fresh powder” below) and optionally recovered coating powder (also called “recovery powder” below) are located in the powder container and are fed to a spraying device by a powder discharge device, for example in the form of an injector. The spraying device may be, for example, a handgun or an automatic gun.
Fresh powder is fed as and when required to the powder container via a fresh powder line from a supplier's container in which the powder supplier supplies the fresh powder to the powder user.
The powder forms a compact mass in the supplier's container. By contrast, the coating powder should be in a fluidized state in the powder container so that it can be extracted, for example, by the suction effect of an injector and fed in a compressed-air stream to the spraying device. A powder supplying device therefore contains in particular a powder container which serves as a powder chamber for storing coating powder, the coating powder customarily being fluidized in the powder container so that it can easily be conveyed pneumatically either to another powder container or to a powder spraying device. The latter may be a manual or an automatic powder spraying device which can have a spray nozzle or a rotary atomizer.
The problem addressed by the invention is that powder coating installations and the associated powder supplying devices have to be carefully cleaned when there is a change of powder (change from one type of powder to another type of powder), in particular when there is a change of color (change of powder of one color to powder having a different color), since just a few powder particles of the earlier type of powder may result in coating errors when coating with the new type of powder.
The object of providing an option by means of which a change of powder is rapidly possible in a simple manner is intended to be achieved by the invention.
With regard to the powder supplying device, this object is achieved according to the invention by the features of independent patent claims 1 and 10. With regard to a method for automatically cleaning a powder supplying device, in particular when there is a change of color or powder, the object addressed by the invention is achieved by the subject matter of further independent patent claim 21.
Accordingly, in particular a powder supplying device is proposed which has a powder container with a substantially cuboidal powder chamber for coating powder, wherein at least one cleaning compressed-air inlet to which a compressed-air line can be connected in a cleaning operation of the powder coating installation for removing residual powder from the powder chamber, in order to introduce cleaning compressed air into the powder chamber, is provided in a side wall of the powder container. Furthermore, it is provided according to the invention that, in addition to the at least one cleaning compressed-air inlet, at least one residual powder outlet is provided, through which residual powder can be driven out from the powder chamber with the aid of the cleaning compressed air introduced into the powder chamber during the cleaning operation. Specifically, it is provided in this case that the at least one cleaning compressed-air inlet has an inlet opening and the at least one residual powder outlet has an outlet opening, the outlet opening of the residual powder outlet pointing in the same direction as the inlet opening of the at least one cleaning compressed-air inlet.
It is conceivable, by way of example, that the outlet opening of the at least one residual powder outlet is provided in the side wall of the powder container in which the inlet opening of the at least one cleaning compressed-air inlet is also provided.
On the other hand, however, it is also conceivable that the at least one residual powder outlet is arranged, for example, in the cover of the powder container, wherein the residual powder outlet should then have a connecting branch or the like which is provided on the inside of the cover and is angled in such a manner that, in the closed state of the powder container, the outlet opening of the residual powder outlet, which outlet opening is defined by the connecting branch, points in the same direction as the inlet opening of the at least one cleaning compressed-air inlet.
The inlet opening of the cleaning compressed-air inlet may be spaced apart in the vertical direction from the outlet opening of the residual powder outlet. However, it is, of course, also conceivable for the inlet opening of the cleaning compressed-air inlet and the outlet opening of the residual powder outlet to be arranged in a common horizontal plane.
In particular, it may be advantageous for space reasons if the outlet opening of the at least one residual powder outlet is provided in an upper region of the side wall of the powder container and the inlet opening of the at least one cleaning compressed-air inlet is provided in a lower region of the side wall of the powder container.
According to the invention, it is provided that at least one powder feed line and at least one cleaning compressed-air feed line are connected via a diverter or activatable branch to the at least one inlet opening. By way of example, the diverter or activatable branch can have an activatable valve arrangement, which is designed, optionally:
In one conceivable realization of the activatable valve arrangement, the latter has a first activatable valve, in particular a pinch valve, which is arranged between the inlet opening and a line branch, a powder feed line and the at least one cleaning compressed-air feed line being connected to the line branch. The activatable valve arrangement should also have a second activatable valve, in particular a pinch valve, which is arranged between the line branch and the powder feed line, and a third activatable valve, in particular a pinch valve, which is arranged between the line branch and at least one cleaning compressed-air feed line.
Furthermore, the object on which the invention is based is achieved by a powder coating installation which has at least one powder supplying device of the abovementioned type.
Further features of the invention are indicated in the dependent claims.
The advantages which can be obtained with the solution according to the invention can be seen in particular in that the powder container of the powder supplying device can be cleaned virtually automatically in an effective manner, for example, within the context of a change of powder or color, i.e. without a time-consuming manual intervention for cleaning the powder container being required. All that is needed for this is for cleaning compressed air to be fed to the powder chamber via the inlet opening, which is provided in the side wall of the powder container, of the at least one cleaning compressed-air inlet, said cleaning compressed air—owing to the special arrangement of the inlet opening of the at least one cleaning compressed-air inlet, on the one hand, and the outlet opening of the at least one residual powder outlet, on the other hand—forming an air roll in the powder chamber. With the aid of said air roll which is formed in the powder chamber during the cleaning operation, the residual powder which may still be adhering to the inner walls of the powder container is swirled up and discharged from the powder chamber via the outlet opening of the at least one residual powder outlet. The air roll which forms in the powder chamber for cleaning the powder container is produced in particular because, in the solution according to the invention, the inlet opening of the at least one cleaning compressed-air inlet, via which cleaning compressed air is introduced into the powder chamber during the cleaning operation, points in the same direction as the outlet opening of the at least one residual powder outlet. For example, the outlet opening may be provided in the same side wall of the powder chamber as the outlet opening of the at least one residual powder outlet, via which the cleaning compressed air is discharged from the powder chamber together with the swirled-up residual powder. In this connection, it is particularly expedient if the inlet and outlet openings are spaced apart from one another in the vertical direction.
The powder chamber preferably has an angular internal configuration, and therefore a turbulent flow is formed in the powder chamber during the cleaning operation, as a result of which residual powder possibly adhering to the inner walls of the powder container can be particularly effectively detached and driven out of the powder chamber with the cleaning compressed air.
In a preferred realization of the solution according to the invention, the powder container has at least one powder inlet with an inlet opening via which coating powder can be fed to the powder chamber as and when required during the powder coating operation of the powder coating installation. The inlet opening of the at least one cleaning compressed-air inlet is preferably identical to the inlet opening of the at least one powder inlet. With this particular configuration of the powder container, the inlet opening provided in the side wall of the powder container can be used during the powder coating operation of the powder coating installation for feeding fresh powder or recovery powder as and when required to the powder chamber while said inlet opening is used during the cleaning operation of the powder coating installation in order to feed the cleaning compressed air, which is required for forming the air roll, to the powder chamber.
This particular realization of the solution according to the invention has the advantage that the powder container has a simple construction. In addition thereto, the effect is achieved that the inlet opening, which is used in the powder coating operation of the powder coating installation for feeding coating powder as and when required, is automatically freed from residual powder in the cleaning operation of the powder coating installation since cleaning compressed air is then fed to the powder chamber through said inlet opening.
The at least one inlet opening of the at least one cleaning compressed-air inlet does not absolutely have to coincide with the at least one inlet opening of the powder supply. Thus, it is in particular also conceivable for the at least one inlet opening, which is connected to the at least one cleaning compressed-air feed line, to be arranged in the lower region of a side wall of the powder container. In this conceivable realization, the at least one inlet opening, which is connected to the at least one powder feed line, is arranged, for example, in a cover of the powder container. It is likewise conceivable to arrange the at least one inlet opening, which is connected to the powder feed line, in a side wall of the powder container, if said inlet opening is not identical to the at least one cleaning compressed-air inlet opening.
In particular in the event of arrangement in the cover of the powder container, it may be advantageous to arrange the at least one inlet opening, which is connected to the powder feed line, in a rear part of the powder container in order, in a powder coating operation of the powder coating installation, to be able to optimally fluidize and conduct out the introduced coating powder. Furthermore, it is, of course, also possible to provide separate inlet openings to the powder feeding of coating powder, on the one hand, and recovery powder, on the other hand. In the conceivable realization described, according to which the at least one inlet opening for cleaning compressed air does not coincide with the at least one inlet opening for the powder feeding, the activation or selection of the cleaning air stream for a cleaning operation, on the one hand, and of the powder air stream for a coating operation, on the other hand, does not take place via a diverter arrangement in the above sense. In this case, it is provided, on the contrary, that the activatable valve arrangement for a cleaning operation permits cleaning compressed air to flow from the cleaning compressed-air feed line into the powder chamber via the at least one inlet opening serving for feeding cleaning air. At the same time, the connection between the powder feed line and the at least one inlet opening for powder feeding, which inlet opening is arranged at a distance from the at least one inlet opening for cleaning compressed air, is interrupted via the activatable valve arrangement during the cleaning operation.
In this realization, for a coating operation, it is then correspondingly provided that a connection in terms of flow between the powder feed line and the at least one inlet opening for powder feeding is produced via the activatable valve arrangement. Correspondingly, in turn, the connection between the inlet opening, which serves for feeding cleaning air, and the cleaning compressed-air feed line is interrupted by the valve arrangement.
As already indicated, it is advantageous if the coating powder accommodated in the powder container is fluidized at least during the powder operation of the powder coating installation so that the coating powder can easily be conveyed pneumatically. For this purpose, according to one aspect of the present invention, a fluidizing device for introducing fluidizing compressed air into the powder chamber is also provided. So that no significant positive pressure can be built up by introducing fluidizing compressed air in the powder chamber, the powder container has, for the purpose of equalizing the pressure, at least one fluidizing compressed-air outlet with an outlet opening via which the fluidizing compressed air introduced into the powder chamber for the purpose of fluidizing the coating powder is discharged again from the powder chamber. The outlet opening of the at least one residual powder outlet is preferably identical to the outlet opening of the at least one fluidizing compressed-air outlet. This not only simplifies the construction of the powder container but also permits the fluidizing compressed-air outlet to be automatically cleaned by the cleaning compressed air in the cleaning operation, since the cleaning compressed air is fed out of the powder chamber via the outlet opening of the fluidizing compressed-air outlet after the air roll is formed.
An exemplary embodiment of the solution according to the invention is described below with reference to the attached drawings.
In the drawings:
a shows a side longitudinal section view of a powder container according to one exemplary embodiment of the powder supplying device according to the invention;
b shows a view of the end side of the powder container according to
a shows a side view of an exemplary embodiment of an immersion body which can be inserted into the powder chamber for finely cleaning the powder container;
b shows a top view of the immersion body according to
c shows a view of the end side of the immersion body according to
d shows a cross-sectional view through the immersion body according to
Powder pumps 4 are provided for the pneumatic conveying of the coating powder. These may be injectors into which coating powder is sucked from a powder container by means of compressed air serving as conveying air, after which the mixture of conveying air and coating powder then flows together into a container or to a spraying device.
Suitable injectors are disclosed, for example, in the document EP 0 412 289 B1.
It is also possible to use as the powder pump 4 those types of pump which convey small powder portions successively by means of compressed air, wherein one small powder portion (powder quantity) is in each case stored in a powder chamber and then pushed out of the powder chamber by means of compressed air. The compressed air remains behind the powder portion and pushes the powder portion ahead thereof. These types of pump are sometimes referred to as compressed-air pushing pumps or as slug conveying pumps, since the compressed air pushes the stored powder portion, such as a slug, ahead thereof through a pump outlet line. Various types of such powder pumps for conveying compact coating powder are known, for example, from the following documents: DE 103 53 968 A1, U.S. Pat. No. 6,508,610 B2, US 2006/0193704 A1, DE 101 45 448 A1 or WO 2005/051549 A1.
The invention is not restricted to one of the abovementioned types of powder pumps.
In order to produce the compressed air for the pneumatic conveying of the coating powder and for fluidizing the coating powder, there is a compressed-air source 6 which is connected to the various devices via corresponding pressure-setting elements 8, for example pressure regulators and/or valves.
Fresh powder from a powder supplier is fed from a supplier's container, which may be, for example, a small container 12, for example in the form of a dimensionally stable container or a bag with a powder quantity of, for example, between 10 to 50 kg, for example 25 kg, or, for example, a large container 14, for example likewise a dimensionally stable container or a bag, with a powder quantity of between, for example, 100 kg and 1000 kg, by means of a powder pump 4 in a fresh powder line 16 or 18 to a screening device 10. The screening device 10 may be provided with a vibrator 11. In the description below, the terms “small container” and “large container” both mean “dimensionally stable container” and “flexible bag which is not dimensionally stable”, except if reference is expressly made to one or the other type of container.
The coating powder screened by the screening device 10 is conveyed by gravitational force, or preferably in each case by a powder pump 4, via one or more powder feed lines 20, 20′ through powder inlet openings 26, 26′ into a powder chamber 22 of a dimensionally stable powder container 24. The volume of the powder chamber 22 is preferably substantially smaller than the volume of the fresh-powder small container 12.
According to one conceivable realization of the solution according to the invention, the powder pump 4 of the at least one powder feed line 20, 20′ to the powder container 24 is a compressed-air pushing pump. In this case, the initial section of the powder feed line 20 can serve as the pump chamber into which powder screened by the screening device 10 drops through a valve, for example a pinch valve. Once said pump chamber contains a certain powder portion, the powder feed line 20 is disconnected in terms of flow from the screening device 10 by closing of the valve. The powder portion is then pushed by means of compressed air through the powder feed line 20, 20′ into the powder chamber 22.
Powder pumps 4, for example injectors, for conveying coating powder through powder lines 38 to spraying devices 40 are connected to one or preferably to more than one powder outlet opening 36 of the powder container 24. The spraying devices 40 can have spray nozzles or rotary atomizers for spraying the coating powder 42 onto the object 2 which is to be coated and which is preferably located in a coating cubical 43.
The powder outlet openings 36 can be located—as illustrated in FIG. 1—in a wall of the powder container 24, which wall lies opposite the wall in which the powder inlet openings 26, 26′ are located. However, in the embodiment of the powder container 24 that is illustrated in
The powder chamber 22 is preferably of a size which lies within the range of a coating powder volumetric capacity of between 1.0 kg and 12.0 kg, preferably between 2.0 kg and 8.0 kg. According to other aspects, the size of the powder chamber 22 is preferably between 500 cm3 and 30,000 cm3, preferably between 2,000 cm3 and 20,000 cm3. The size of the powder chamber 22 is selected depending on the number of powder outlet openings 36 and of the powder lines 38 connected to the latter such that a continuous spray coating operation is possible, but the powder chamber 22 can be rapidly, and preferably automatically, cleaned in coating pauses for a change of powder.
The powder chamber 22 can be provided with a fluidizing device 30 for fluidizing the coating powder accommodated in the powder container 24. The fluidizing device 30 contains at least one fluidizing wall made of a material with open pores or which is provided with narrow pores and is permeable to compressed air but not to coating powder. Although not shown in
Coating powder 42 which does not adhere to the object 2 to be coated is sucked as excess powder via an excess powder line 44 by means of a suction air stream of a fan 46 into a cyclone separator 48. The excess powder is separated as far as possible from the suction air stream in the cyclone separator 48. The separated powder portion is then conducted as recovery powder from the cyclone separator 48 via a powder recovery line 50 to the screening device 10 where it passes through the screening device 10, either by itself or mixed with fresh powder, via the powder feed lines 20, 20′ into the powder chamber 22 again.
Depending on the type of powder and/or degree of powder soiling, the option can also be provided of disconnecting the powder recovery line 50 from the screening device 10 and conducting the recovery powder into a waste container, as illustrated schematically by a dashed line 51 in
The powder container 24 may have one or more than one sensor, for example two sensors S1 and/or S2, in order to control the feeding of coating powder into the powder chamber 22 by means of the control device 3 and the powder pumps 4 in the powder feed lines 20, 20′. For example, the lower sensor S1 detects a lower powder level limit and the upper sensor S2 detects an upper powder level limit.
The lower end portion 48-2 of the cyclone separator 48 can be designed and used as a storage container for recovery powder and, for this purpose, can be provided with one or more than one sensor, for example two sensors S3 and/or S4, which are functionally connected to the control device 3. As a result, the fresh powder feeding through the fresh powder feed lines 16 and 18 can be stopped, for example automatically, if there is sufficient recovery powder in the cyclone separator 48 in order to feed recovery powder to the powder chamber 22 through the screening device 10 in a quantity sufficient for the spray coating operation by means of the spraying devices 40. If there is no longer sufficient recovery powder for this purpose in the cyclone separator 48, a switch can be made automatically to the feeding of fresh powder through the fresh powder feed lines 16 or 18. Furthermore, there is also the option of feeding fresh powder and recovery powder to the screening device 10 simultaneously such that they are mixed with each other.
The outgoing air from the cyclone separator 48 passes via an outgoing-air line 54 into an after-filter device 56 and through one or more filter elements 58 therein to the fan 46 and, downstream of the latter, into the outside atmosphere. The filter elements 58 may be filter bags or filter cartridges or filter plates or similar filter elements. The powder separated from the air stream by means of the filter elements 58 is normally waste powder and drops by means of gravitational force into a waste container or, as shown in
Depending on the type of powder and powder coating conditions, the waste powder may also be recovered again to the screening device 10 in order to reenter the coating circuit. This is illustrated schematically in
During multi-color operation, in which various colors are each sprayed for only a short period, use is customarily made of the cyclone separator 48 and the after-filter device 56, and the waste powder from the after-filter device 56 passes into the waste container 62. Although the powder-separating efficiency of the cyclone separator 48 is generally lower than that of the after-filter device 56, said cyclone separator can be cleaned more rapidly than the after-filter device 56. During single-color operation, in which the same powder is used for a long period, it is possible to dispense with the cyclone separator 48 and to connect the excess powder line 44 instead of the outgoing-air line 54 to the after-filter device 56, and to connect the waste lines 60, which in this case contain powder which is to be recovered, to the screening device 10 as recovery powder lines.
During the single-color operation, use is then customarily made only of the cyclone separator 48 in combination with the after-filter device 56 if a problematic coating powder is involved. In this case, only the recovery powder from the cyclone separator 48 is fed to the screening device 10 via the powder recovery line 50 while the waste powder from the after-filter device 56 passes as waste into the waste container 62 or into another waste container which can be placed without waste lines 60 directly below an outlet opening of the after-filter device 56.
The lower end of the cyclone separator 48 can have an outlet valve 64, for example a pinch valve. Furthermore, a fluidizing device 66 for fluidizing the coating powder can be provided in the or on the lower end of the lower end portion 48-2 of the cyclone separator 48, which end portion is designed as a storage container, above said outlet valve 64. The fluidizing device 66 contains at least one fluidizing wall 80 made of a material which has open pores or is provided with narrow bores and is permeable to compressed air, but not to coating powder. The fluidizing wall 80 is arranged between the powder path and a fluidizing compressed-air chamber 81. The fluidizing compressed-air chamber 81 can be connected to the compressed-air source 6 via a pressure-setting element 8.
The fresh powder line 16 and/or 18 can be connected in terms of flow at the upstream end thereof, either directly or by the powder pump 4, to a powder conveying tube 70 which can be immersed into the supplier's container 12 or 14 in order to extract fresh coating powder. The powder pump 4 may be arranged at the beginning, at the end or in between in the fresh powder line 16 or 18 or at the upper or lower end of the powder conveying tube 70.
Two or more small containers 12 can be provided in each bag receiving hopper 74 and/or two or more large containers 14, which are alternatively useable, can be provided. This permits rapid changing from one to another small container 12 or large container 14.
Although not illustrated in
The powder inlet openings 26, 26′ are arranged in a side wall of the powder container 24, preferably close to the bottom of the powder chamber 22, while at least one residual powder outlet 33 is furthermore provided in the same side wall of the powder container 24, through which residual powder outlet residual powder can be driven out of the powder chamber 22 during the cleaning operation with the aid of cleaning compressed air introduced into the powder chamber 22.
For this purpose, the powder container 24 has at least one cleaning compressed-air inlet 32-1, 32-2 in a side wall. During the cleaning operation of the powder coating installation 1, the cleaning compressed-air inlets 32-1, 32-2 are connected in terms of flow to a compressed-air source 6 via cleaning compressed-air feed lines 101-1, 101-2, 101-3 in order to feed cleaning compressed air to the powder chamber 22. Each cleaning compressed-air inlet 32-1, 32-2 preferably has an inlet opening in the side wall of the powder container 24, which inlet opening is identical to a powder inlet opening 26, 26′ via which coating powder is fed to the powder chamber 22 as and when required during the powder coating operation of the powder coating installation 1.
The operation of cleaning the powder chamber 22 is described in more detail below with reference to the powder containers 24 illustrated in
Furthermore, in the side wall of the powder container 24, in which the inlet openings of the cleaning compressed-air inlets 32-1, 32-2 are provided, there is at least one outlet opening of a residual powder outlet 33, through which residual powder is driven out of the powder chamber 22 in the cleaning operation of the powder coating installation 1 with the aid of the cleaning compressed air introduced into the powder chamber 22.
As already mentioned, the powder container 24 is equipped with a fluidizing device 30 in order to introduce fluidizing compressed air into the powder chamber 22 at least during the powder coating operation of the powder coating installation 1. Furthermore, the powder container 24 has at least one fluidizing compressed-air outlet 31 with an outlet opening via which the fluidizing compressed air introduced into the powder chamber 22 can be discharged again for the purpose of equalizing the pressure. The outlet opening of the fluidizing compressed-air outlet 31 is preferably identical to the outlet opening of the residual powder outlet 33.
An exemplary embodiment of a powder container 24 of a powder supplying device for a powder coating installation 1 is described in detail below with reference to the illustrations in
The powder container 24 shown in
As illustrated in
The powder container 24 illustrated in
As can be gathered in particular from the illustration in
In detail, and as can be gathered in particular from the illustration in
Also, an air roll 35, as indicated in
In the exemplary embodiment illustrated in
In the embodiment illustrated in
In the embodiment illustrated in
So that, during operation of the fluidizing device 30, the pressure within the powder chamber 22 does not exceed a maximum pressure defined in advance, the powder chamber 22 has at least one fluidizing compressed-air outlet 31 with an outlet opening for discharging the fluidizing compressed air introduced into the powder chamber 22 and for equalizing the pressure. In particular, the outlet opening of the at least one fluidizing compressed-air outlet 31 should be dimensioned in such a manner that at maximum a positive pressure of 0.5 bar prevails over atmospheric pressure during the operation of the fluidizing device 30 in the powder chamber 22.
In the embodiment illustrated in
As can be gathered in particular in the illustration in
In order to discharge the fluidizing compressed air introduced into the powder chamber 22, it is furthermore conceivable to provide a venting line which preferably projects into the upper region of the powder chamber 22. The projecting end of the venting line can project into an extraction funnel of an extraction installation. Said extraction installation can be formed, for example, as a booster (air mover). A booster, which is also known as an air mover, operates in accordance with the Coanda effect and, for the operation thereof, requires customary compressed air which has to be fed in a small quantity. Said air quantity has a higher pressure than the ambient pressure. The booster generates an air flow of high velocity, with a large volume and low pressure, in the extraction funnel. A booster is therefore particularly readily suitable in conjunction with the venting line or the fluidizing compressed-air outlet 31.
In the exemplary embodiment illustrated in
The level sensor S1, S2 for detecting the powder level in the powder chamber 22 is preferably a contactlessly operating level sensor and is arranged outside the powder chamber 22 and separated from it. This prevents soiling of the level sensor S1, S2. The level sensor S1, S2 generates a signal when the powder level has reached a certain height. It is also possible for a plurality of such powder level sensors S1, S2 to be arranged at different heights, for example for detecting predetermined maximum levels and for detecting a predetermined minimum level.
The signals of the at least one level sensor S1, S2 are used preferably for controlling an automatic powder feeding of coating powder through the powder inlets 20-1, 20-2 into the powder chamber 22 in order to maintain a predetermined level or a predetermined level region therein even during the period during which the injectors 4 extract coating powder out of the powder chamber 22 and to convey said coating powder pneumatically to spraying devices 40 (or into other containers).
During such a powder spray coating operation, cleaning compressed air is only conducted into the powder chamber 22 at reduced pressure, if at all.
For cleaning the powder chamber 22 in coating pauses, for example during the change from one type of powder to another type of powder, cleaning compressed air is fed to the powder chamber 22 through the at least one cleaning compressed-air inlet 32-1, 32-2. The cleaning compressed air generates an air roll 35 in the interior of the powder container 24, said air roll detaching residual powder which may be adhering to the inner wall of the powder container 24 and driving said residual powder out of the powder chamber 22 through the residual powder outlet 34.
Although not explicitly illustrated in the drawings, it is furthermore conceivable to provide a device for measuring the air pressure prevailing in the powder chamber 22. This is important in so far as care should be taken to ensure that an excessive positive pressure cannot be built up in the interior of the powder container 24 by the introduction of fluidizing compressed air during the powder coating operation of the powder coating installation 1 and by introduction of cleaning compressed air in the cleaning operation of the powder coating installation 1, since the powder container 24 is generally not designed as a high pressure container. In this respect, it is preferred if the maximum permissible positive pressure in the powder chamber 22 does not exceed the value of 0.5 bar.
In the embodiment last mentioned, it is conceivable in particular for the air pressure measured in the powder chamber 22 to be fed continuously or at predetermined times or events to a control device 3, wherein the amount of fluidizing compressed air fed to the powder chamber 22 per unit of time, and/or the amount of fluidizing compressed air discharged from the powder chamber 22 per unit of time via the at least one fluidizing compressed-air outlet 31 are/is adjusted, preferably automatically, in dependence on the air pressure prevailing in the powder chamber 22. By contrast, during the cleaning operation of the powder coating installation 1, it is preferred if, with the aid of the control device 3, the amount of cleaning compressed air fed to the powder chamber 22 per unit of time and/or the amount of cleaning compressed air discharged per unit of time via the at least one residual powder outlet 33 are/is adjusted, preferably automatically, in dependence on the air pressure prevailing in the powder chamber 22.
As can be gathered from the illustration in
The powder chamber 22 particularly preferably has an angular inner configuration, in which the base area and the side faces of the powder chamber 22 are connected to one another via edges, in particular right-angled edges. It is ensured by said angular inner configuration of the powder chamber 22 that, during the cleaning operation of the powder coating installation 1, the air roll 35 forming in the interior of the powder chamber 22 builds up a turbulent boundary layer rather than a laminar boundary layer, which facilitates the removal of residual powder adhering to the inner wall of the powder container 24.
In order to be able to form as ideal an air roll 35 as possible in the interior of the powder container 24 during the cleaning operation of the powder coating installation 1, it has been shown in practice that it is preferred if the powder chamber 22 has a height of 180 mm to 260 mm, preferably of 200 mm to 240 mm, and more preferably of 220 mm, the powder chamber 22 having a width of 140 mm to 220 mm, preferably of 160 mm to 200 mm, and more preferably of 180 mm, and the powder chamber 22 having a length of 510 mm to 590 mm, preferably of 530 mm to 570 mm, and more preferably of 550 mm. Given said stated dimensions of the powder chamber 22, the at least one cleaning compressed-air inlet 32-1, 32-2 and the at least one residual powder outlet 33 should furthermore be provided in a common end wall 24-3 of the powder container 24.
The powder supplying device shown in
As illustrated in
The powder discharge openings 36 are arranged as low as possible in the powder chamber 22 in order to be able to extract as far as possible all of the coating powder out of the powder chamber 22 by means of the injectors 4. The injectors 4 are preferably located at a location positioned higher than the highest powder level and are each connected by a powder discharge channel to one of the powder discharge openings 36. Owing to the fact that the injectors 4 are arranged higher than the maximum powder level, it is avoided that the coating powder rises up out of the powder chamber 22 into the injectors 4 if the injectors 4 are not switched on.
As illustrated in
In the embodiment illustrated in
In order to finely clean the powder container 24, and in particular in order to remove residual powder from the at least one powder discharge device and the powder discharge channel or the powder discharge opening 36 of the at least one powder discharge device, the powder supplying device can furthermore be provided with a mechanically guided immersion body 90, as shown in an exemplary embodiment in
The immersion body 90 is of a size and configuration such that it can be inserted from above into the powder chamber 22. The immersion body 90 has at least one purging compressed-air inlet 95-1, 95-2, each with an inlet opening which in the inserted state of the immersion body 90 can be connected to the inlet opening of the at least one cleaning compressed-air inlet 32-1, 32-2 provided in the one side wall 24-3 of the powder chamber 22 for feeding cleaning compressed air to a compressed-air line system 96 of the immersion body 90.
Furthermore, the immersion body 90 has at least one purging compressed-air outlet opening 93, which is connected to the compressed-air line system 96 and in the inserted state of the immersion body 90 can be connected to the powder discharge opening 36 of the at least one powder discharge device for driving out residual powder from the powder discharge device with the aid of the cleaning compressed air.
According to the embodiment shown in
The inlet opening of the at least one purging compressed-air inlet 95-1, 95-2 of the immersion body 90 is preferably arranged in the immersion body 90 in such a manner that, in the inserted state of the immersion body 90, it is aligned such that it is centered with regard to the inlet opening of the cleaning compressed-air inlet 32-1, 32-2 provided in the one side wall 24-3 of the powder container 22 for automatically connecting the inlet openings to the purging compressed-air inlets 95-1, 95-2 of the immersion body 90 when the immersion body 90 is inserted into the powder chamber 22. At the same time, the at least one purging compressed-air outlet opening 93 of the immersion body 90 should be arranged in such a manner that, in the inserted state of the immersion body 90, it is aligned such that it is centered with regard to the powder discharge opening 36 of the at least one powder discharge device for automatically connecting the purging compressed-air outlet opening 93 of the immersion body 90 to the powder discharge openings 36 of the at least one powder discharge device when the insertion body 90 is inserted into the powder chamber 22.
In detail, and as can be gathered in particular from the illustration in
At least one tension spring can be provided on the opposite end side 92-3 of the immersion body 90 and can be used to pretension the immersion body 90 against that side wall 24-3 of the powder chamber 22 in which the purging compressed-air inlet 32-1, 32-2 is provided together with the inlet opening thereof, when the immersion body 90 is inserted into the powder chamber 22.
In order to prevent a positive pressure from being able to build up between the immersion body 90 and the bottom wall 24-2 of the powder chamber 22 in the inserted state of the immersion body 90, the immersion body 90 is provided with openings 94 for equalizing the pressure.
The immersion body has an outer circumference which is adapted to the inner circumference of the powder chamber 22.
With the aid of the immersion body 90, the purging compressed air can be driven through the powder discharge openings 36 and from the latter through the powder discharge channels and the injectors 4. The invention also contains the option of blowing compressed air in the reverse direction through the powder discharge openings 36 in order to remove residual powder therefrom.
Seals are particularly preferably provided on the circumferential surface of the immersion body 90 in order to permit optimum sealing of the gap between the immersion body 90 and the side walls 24-1, 24-3, 24-4, 24-5 of the powder container 24 in the inserted state of the immersion body 90 such that the purging compressed air fed to the immersion body 90 can be used as fully as possible to clean the powder discharge openings 36 or powder discharge channels.
Finally, it is preferred if the powder chamber 22 is provided with a removable cover 23, wherein said cover 23 can be connected to the powder chamber 22 with the aid of a rapidly releasable connection in order to permit rapid access to the powder chamber 22, this being required, for example, should manual recleaning with the aid of, for example, a compressed air gun, be required. The rapidly releasable connection between the cover and the powder chamber 22 may be, for example, a mechanical, magnetic, pneumatic or hydraulic connection.
In detail,
In the embodiment shown in
So that the inlet openings 26, 26′ provided in the side wall 24-3 of the powder container 24 can serve, firstly, to introduce cleaning compressed air during the cleaning operation of the powder coating installation 1 and, secondly, to feed coating powder as and when required during the powder coating operation of the powder coating installation 1, in the embodiment illustrated in
As illustrated, either a powder feed line 20, 20′ or a cleaning compressed-air feed line 101-1, 101-2, 101-3 can be connected via a diverter or activatable branch to each of the two inlet openings 26, 26′. The diverter or branch located at the first inlet opening 26 has an activatable valve arrangement 100 consisting of a first activatable valve V3, in particular a pinch valve, a second activatable valve V1, in particular a pinch valve, and a third activatable valve V5, in particular a pinch valve. The first activatable valve V3 is arranged between the first inlet opening 26 and a line branch 103. The line branch 103 is preferably designed as a T component to which the powder feed line 20, the cleaning compressed-air feed line 101-1 and (via the first valve V3) the first inlet opening 26 are connected. The second activatable valve V1 is arranged between the line branch 103 and the powder feed line 101-1 while the third activatable valve V5 lies between the line branch 103 and the cleaning compressed-air feed line 101-1.
Furthermore, a further powder feed line 20′ and further cleaning compressed-air feed lines 101-2, 101-3 are connected to the second inlet opening 26′ likewise via a diverter or branch. Said diverter or branch again has a first, second and third activatable valve V4, V2 and V6, said activatable valves V4, V2, V6 again preferably each being designed as pinch valves. In detail, the second inlet opening 26′ is connected via the first activatable valve V4 to a line branch 105 which is preferably designed as a T component. Secondly, the further powder feed line 20′ is connected to the line branch 105 via the second activatable valve V2 and the further cleaning compressed-air feed lines 101-2, 101-3 are connected to said branch line 105 via the third activatable valve V6.
Therefore, by appropriate activation of the valves V3, V1, V5 of the first valve arrangement 100, the powder feed line 20 can be connected in terms of flow to the powder chamber 22 via the first inlet opening 26, specifically by the first and second activatable valves V3, V1 of the first valve arrangement 100 each being opened. Furthermore, the cleaning compressed-air feed line 101-1 can be connected in terms of flow to the powder chamber 22 via the first inlet opening 26, specifically by the second activatable valve V1 in the first valve arrangement 100 being closed and the first and third activatable valves V3, V5 being opened. Moreover, it is furthermore provided that, in order to clean the powder feed line 20, the first activatable valve V3 of the first valve arrangement 100 is closed while the second and third activatable valves V1, V5 of the first valve arrangement 100 are opened.
Of course, however, it is also conceivable for all of the valves V3, V1, V5 of the first valve arrangement 100 to be closed in order to disconnect the powder feed line 20 and the cleaning compressed-air feed line 101-1 in terms of flow from each other and from the powder chamber 22.
The functioning of the second valve arrangement 100′ is identical to the functioning of the first valve arrangement 100. In detail, it is possible to supply coating powder as and when required to the powder chamber 22 via the second inlet opening 26′ during the powder coating operation of the powder coating installation 1 by the first and second valves V4, V2 of the second valve arrangement 100 being opened and the third valve V6 being closed. The powder feed line 20′ is then connected in terms of flow to the powder chamber 22.
During the cleaning operation of the powder coating installation 1, the second activatable valve V2 of the second valve arrangement 100′ should be closed while the first and third valves V4, V6 of the second valve arrangement 100′ are opened in order to connect the cleaning compressed-air feed lines 101-2, 101-3 in terms of flow to the powder chamber 22.
As in the first valve arrangement 100, in the second valve arrangement 100′ it is provided that the powder feed line 20′ can be purged with cleaning compressed air during the cleaning operation of the powder coating installation 1. For this purpose, the first activatable valve V4 of the second valve arrangement 100′ is closed while the second and third activatable valves V2, V6 of the second valve arrangement 100′ are opened. Of course, it is also provided in the second valve arrangement 100′ that the powder feed line 20′ and the cleaning compressed-air feed lines 101-2, 101-3 can be disconnected in terms of flow from each other and from the powder chamber 22. For this purpose, all of the valves V4, V2, V6 of the second valve arrangement 100′ should be closed.
It is particularly preferable for two cleaning compressed-air feed lines to be connected to the third activatable valve V5 or V6 at least in one of the two valve arrangements 100, 100′. As illustrated in
The provision of a low-pressure feed line 101-3 and a high-pressure feed line 101-2 makes it possible during the cleaning operation of the powder coating installation 1 to first of all purge the powder chamber 22 of the powder container 24 with cleaning compressed air which has a reduced pressure value. Powder which may still be located in the powder hoses, which are connected to the powder chamber 22 via the powder outlet openings 36, can therefore be gently driven out.
Should there still be relatively great quantities of residual powder in the powder chamber 22, it is ensured by purging the powder chamber 22 at low pressure that said relatively great quantity of residual powder is not pressed into the powder hoses but rather is discharged via the outlet opening 31, 33.
After the powder hoses have been emptied with the aid of the cleaning compressed air, which is compressed to a relatively low value, and the residual powder has been discharged from the powder chamber 22, the powder chamber 22 can be purged with cleaning compressed air by the high-pressure feed line(s) 101-1, 101-2 being switched on, said cleaning compressed air having a normal pressure value of, for example, 6 bar.
As illustrated in
Both in the first valve arrangement 100 and in the second valve arrangement 100′, the high-pressure feed lines 101-1, 101-2 are respectively connected to the third activatable valves V5 and V6 via a spring-loaded 2/2-way valve M1, M2. It is thereby possible to feed the cleaning compressed air to the powder chamber 22 in a pulsed manner during the cleaning operation of the powder coating installation 1. The pulsed feeding of the cleaning compressed air generates turbulence, which increases the cleaning effect, in the powder chamber 22. The two spring-loaded 2/2-way valves M1, M2 are preferably pulsed in an oppositely alternating manner during the cleaning operation of the powder coating installation 1, this increasing the cleaning efficiency even further. The 2/2-way valves M1, M2 are connected here to a corresponding control device 3.
As illustrated in
The table illustrated in
According thereto, the respective 2/2-way valves M1, M2 and M3 are in a closed state during the powder coating operation of the powder coating installation 1. The respective third activatable valves V5, V6 of the valve arrangements 100, 100′ are likewise closed. By contrast, the first and second activatable valves V3, V4 and V1, V2 are opened in order to connect the respective powder feed lines 20, 20′ in terms of flow to the powder chamber 22 and to permit the feeding of coating powder via the inlet openings 26, 26′.
For the automatic cleaning, in particular when there is a change of color or powder, the powder feed lines 20, 20′ have to be disconnected in terms of flow from the inlet openings 26, 26′. For this purpose, the second activatable valves V1, V2 of the valve arrangements 100, 100′ are closed. So, at least one cleaning compressed-air feed line 101-1, 101-2, 101-3 is connected in terms of flow to at least one inlet opening 26, 26′. If the powder chamber 22 is to be purged first of all with cleaning compressed air compressed to a reduced pressure value (low pressure), at least the first and third valves V4, V6 of the second valve arrangement 100′ and the 2/2-way valve M3, which connects the low-pressure feed line 101-3 to the third activatable valve V6, are opened.
If the powder chamber 22 is to be subsequently purged and cleaned at high pressure, apart from the second activatable valves V1, V2 the remaining valves V3, V4, V5, V6 have to be opened while the two spring-loaded 2/2-way valves M1, M2, which connect the high-pressure feed lines 101-1, 101-2 to the respective third activatable valves V5, V6, are activated in a pulsed manner. As already explained, it is advantageous if the two spring-loaded 2/2-way valves M1, M2 are pulsed in an oppositely alternating manner.
Subsequently, it is advantageous if a powder feed cleaning is carried out in order to purge the powder feed lines 20, 20′ with cleaning compressed air. For this purpose, the second activatable valves V1, V2 are opened and the first activatable valves V3, V4 are closed. Furthermore, the third activatable valves V5, V6 are opened and at least the spring-loaded 2/2-way valves M1, M2 are activated in a pulsed manner in order to feed cleaning compressed air (6 bar) to the powder feed lines 20, 20′.
The valve arrangement 100, 100′ described previously with reference to the illustration in
A further embodiment of the invention will be described in more detail with reference to the powder container 24 illustrated in
In this embodiment, the side wall 24-3 of the powder container 24 has cleaning compressed-air inlets 32-1, 32-2 which, however—in contrast to the embodiment shown in
In particular, it is provided that the cleaning compressed-air inlets 32-1, 32-2 are arranged in a lower region of the side wall 24-3 while the powder inlets 20-1, 20-2 open out into the powder container 24 through the cover 23 of the powder container 24. In this connection, the position references “at the top” and “at the bottom” relate to the customary operational alignment of the powder container 24.
In one conceivable realization of this embodiment, the powder inlets 20-1, 20-2 may also open out into the powder container 24 through one of the side walls 24-1, 24-2, 24-3, 24-4. However, in contrast to an embodiment described further above, if they are arranged in the side wall 24-3, they do not coincide with the cleaning compressed-air inlets 32-1, 32-2.
Furthermore, it is, of course, also possible within the scope of this embodiment to provide a plurality of powder inlets 20-1, 20-2 for different types of supplied powder, for example coating powder, on the one hand, and recovery powder, on the other hand.
An arrangement of the cleaning compressed-air inlets 32-1, 32-2 in a lower region of the side wall 24-3 forces an air roll 35 in the form of a turbulent flow to furthermore be able to be propagated along the inner walls of the powder container 24 during a cleaning operation, said air roll contributing to the effective cleaning of the powder container.
In contrast to the valve arrangement shown in
Of course, it may nevertheless be envisaged and expedient, in addition to the activatable valves M1, M2, M3, to provide further valves, preferably pinch valves, upstream of the inlet openings 26, 26′ for cleaning compressed air, in order, during a powder coating operation of the powder coating installation 1, to prevent coating powder from penetrating line portions located behind the nonreturn valves R2, R3, R4.
It is furthermore also possible and advantageous according to this exemplary embodiment to carry out separate low-pressure and high-pressure cleaning purges during the cleaning operation, as has already been explained above with reference to
Furthermore, however, it is also conceivable for use to be made of a valve arrangement which is shown in
The invention is not restricted to the previously described exemplary embodiments but rather follows from an overall view of all of the features disclosed herein.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 102010025740.0 | Jun 2010 | DE | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US2011/042305 | 6/29/2011 | WO | 00 | 12/28/2012 |
