The present disclosure relates power distribution units (“PDUs”). More specifically, the present disclosure relates to PDUs that include interior busbars for distributing power to outlets of the PDU.
In data centers and other industrial environments, a power source is typically provided to information technology (“IT”) equipment with a three-phase busway that carries current. Each phase can be provided separately to different types of IT equipment. In some instances, the three-phase busway provides power to a rack that holds electrical equipment such as servers. The IT equipment located in the rack receives power from the busway via a PDU mounted to the rack frame. The PDU includes a connection to the three-phase busway, and a plurality of components to provide, regulate, and monitor the current being distributed to the IT equipment in the rack. Some examples of the components used in such a PDU include outlet modules, communications modules, circuit breakers, and sensors.
Some PDUs include three circuit breakers, one for each phase of the busway. The current from each busway passes through a circuit breaker before being distributed to an outlet, and then to the downstream equipment. Because the PDUs are mounted vertically in a rack frame, the outlets receiving current from a particular phase are typically clustered together in sections being approximately 16 inches long.
Phase balancing may be performed to improve the reliability of upstream electrical equipment, such as generators, switchgear, and 3-phase UPSs. Electrical utilities may also penalize customers if their loads are grossly unbalanced. However, in order for a user to balance the load on each phase of the PDU, the user must use varying lengths of cable to distribute the equipment connections evenly between the outlets of the three-phases. This process is cumbersome and inefficient for the user.
The circuit breaker connections to each outlet may be alternated. For example, the first outlet of every three outlets would be connected to the first circuit breaker, the second to the second circuit breaker, and the third to the third circuit breaker. Such a solution requires significant wiring, which increases the risk of connection errors at the manufacturing level and increases costs for labor and parts. The present disclosure provides an alternate method for providing the benefit of alternating the circuit breaker connections to alternating outlets, while eliminating the drawbacks of separately wiring each outlet to a circuit breaker.
In one embodiment, a PDU includes an input power component containing a circuit protection device and an outlet component including a plurality of outlets permanently fixed to a chassis and a plurality of busbars extending the length of the outlet unit. The busbars are electrically connected to a plurality of circuit protection device. A communications component is in signal communication with the outlet component for transferring data. A housing is connected to the power component, the outlet component, and the communications component.
In another embodiment, a PDU assembly includes a plurality of outlets, at least one pin extending from each outlet, and a plurality of busbars. The PDU assembly further includes a plurality of electrical connections between the busbars and outlet pins. Each electrical connection connects a single outlet pin to a single busbar.
In yet another embodiment, a PDU assembly includes a housing, a power source mechanically connected to the housing, and a plurality of outlets mechanically connected to the housing. The PDU assembly further includes a set of busbars and a plurality of jumpers that electrically connect at least some of the plurality of outlets to the set of busbars.
In the accompanying drawings, structures are illustrated that, together with the detailed description provided below, describe exemplary embodiments of the claimed invention. Like elements are identified with the same reference numerals. It should be understood that elements shown as a single component may be replaced with multiple components, and elements shown as multiple components may be replaced with a single component. The drawings are not to scale and the proportion of certain elements may be exaggerated for the purpose of illustration.
The PDU 100 is configured to be mounted in a rack frame, and to provide power to equipment located in the rack. The racks may house IT equipment, such as servers, data storage, and other similar equipment. PDU 100 includes mounting features (not shown) that are used to fix PDU 100 to a rack frame. Exemplary mounting features include, without limitation, mechanical fasteners, locking mechanisms, protruding pins and corresponding slots, etc. (not shown).
Plug 105 is configured to be connected to an outlet of a three-phase power source to provide power to the power module 110. Power module 110 in turn distributes the power to the outlet modules 115 and communications module 120. Plug 105 is configured to draw current from the three-phase current source outlet. Power module 110 includes six circuit protection devices 112, with two circuit protection devices connected to each phase of the current source in parallel. Circuit protection devices 112 may include, without limitation, circuit breakers, fuses, residual-current devices, reclosers, polyswitches, and any combination of these and other protection devices. In alternative embodiments (not shown), three circuit protection devices can be included, with each circuit protection devices corresponding to one phase of the current source. The current received from plug 105 first passes through a circuit protection device before being distributed to the outlet modules 115 or communications module 120.
Outlet modules 115 provide power to equipment mounted in the rack, through the equipment plugs. Communications module 120 provides information related to PDU performance or operating characteristics. Examples of performance or operating characteristics include, without limitation, voltage, current, frequency, power, and energy. The communications module 120 can provide this information to a user using a variety of communications technologies, such as wireless internet (or intranet) transmitters, Bluetooth, a physical display, indicator lights etc.
The PDU 100 of
In one embodiment, the communication module 120 can be temporarily removed from the PDU to allow power supplies to be replaced or for other equipment to be serviced. The communication module 120 can also be mounted remotely from the PDU at an angle, to allow it to be more easily viewed.
Such modular designs allow for customized configurations for specific applications. However, the busbar system described below may be used in non-modular systems.
A set of busbars 135 runs the length of the entire outlet module 115 in the present embodiment, and delivers current to the outlets 130 in each outlet module section 125. In this embodiment, the set of busbars 135 includes six busbars. At one or both ends of the outlet module 115, a busbar cap 140 receives all six busbars 135 and maintains the distance between each busbar.
Jumpers 145 connect the busbars 135 to the appropriate pins of printed circuit board assembly (“PCBA”) 150, which are electrically connected to outlets 130. Jumpers 145 are further connected to pins of outlets 130.
PCBA 150 includes a number of PCBA pins 155 that correspond to the number of outlets 130 in the outlet module section 125. PCBA 150 further includes two microprocessors 160 that communicates with communications module 120 and relay board 170. Relay board 170 contains relays 175 and LEDs.
Chassis 185 is a one-piece frame that extends the length of the outlet module 115 and receives each outlet module section 125. Chassis 185 is made from a metal, such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and extends the entire length of the outlet module 115. A single chassis 185 includes a plurality of openings 190 (more clearly shown in
Each outlet 130 includes an outlet pin 195 extending in a direction opposite the outlet face. In the illustrated embodiment, multiple outlets 130 are disposed in one molded plastic assembly that includes an integrated busbar for grounding all of the outlets. Grounding path provides grounding for equipment plugged into each outlet 130. In alternative embodiments (not shown), an individual outlet is disposed in each assembly.
Additional details of the outlet module 125 and its components are shown in
With reference to
In alternative embodiments (not shown), greater or fewer than six busbars may be used. For example, four or eight busbars may be employed. In other alternative embodiment (not shown), jumpers could be soldered to busbars and pins, or could be connected via any other permanent connection means.
Grooves 215 of jumpers 145 are sized and shaped to receive a busbar 135. Conductive element 210 is located at a bottom of groove 215, so that when a busbar 135 is placed therein, the busbar fits snugly into groove 215 and meets conductive element 210. By installing jumpers 145 onto both a pin 155, 195 and busbar 135, the conductive element 210 thereby provides an electrical connection between the pin and busbar.
In alternative embodiments (not shown), other elements may be used in place of jumpers to connect the pins to the busbars, such as conductive wires.
With respect to
In alternative embodiments (not shown), jumpers could take other forms different from the form shown in
Returning to
With reference to
In alternative embodiments (not shown), PCBAs can include a different arrangement of components, such as a single microprocessor, other logic elements, and/or a microcontroller.
PCBAs of adjacent outlet module sections are connected to one another via the communications port. In alternative embodiments, adjacent outlet module sections may be connected to one another through a second communications port (not shown).
With respect to
Outlets 130 are also all attached to outlet faceplate 285. Outlets 130 can be fixed to faceplate 285 via a snap-fit type connection, through use of an adhesive, or with mechanical fasteners. Outlets 130 further include indentations 290 that align with protrusions 275 of chassis openings 190, to provide an aligned and secure connection therewith. Each outlet 130 is further electrically connected to a relay 175 via mating electrical conductor elements located on relay 175 and outlet 130, so that outlets 130 receive current through relays 175. In the outlet module section 125 shown, six outlets 130 are provided, but in alternative embodiments (not shown), fewer or greater outlets may be provided in an outlet module section.
In alternative embodiments (not shown), the busbars 135 could run the length of the entire PDU 100, eliminating the need for wires 298. In other alternative embodiments where the power module contains six circuit protection devices (not shown), the busbars in the outlet module further away from the power module could be independently electrically connected to three of the circuit protection devices, while the busbars in the closer outlet module are connected to the three other circuit protection devices. In such an arrangement, each outlet module would independently receive electricity from the power module.
With reference to
In alternative embodiments (not shown), the busbars can extend from the power module of the PDU through all other modules included in the PDU, eliminating the need for wires 298. In other alternative embodiments (not shown), other arrangements of modules may be used in the PDU, such as a separate circuit protection device module, fewer or greater than two outlet modules, fewer or greater than one communications module, and combinations thereof. In other alternative embodiments (not shown), two outlet modules can be electrically connected to separate sets of three circuit protection devices (using wiring for example), and are not electrically connected to each other at all. In other alternative embodiments (not shown), the number of busbars can be fewer or greater than six, for example, four or eight busbars may be employed.
In alternative embodiments (not shown), the flat insulator sheet can be omitted, or a plurality of insulator sheets can be included instead of a single flat insulator sheet.
The outlet module 900 further includes a plurality of long tabs 950 that are attached to the printed circuit board 940. In one embodiment, the long tabs are soldered to the printed circuit board and function as extensions of the short neutral/line pins (not shown). Together, the long neutral/line pins 910 and the long tabs 950 can be connected by jumpers (such as the jumpers discussed above) or other electrical connectors to busbars or wires to realize an alternating-phase arrangement.
A plug 980 having first and second pins 990a,b is connected to a power source P. When the plug 980 inserted into the outlet 920, the first pin 990a contacts the short pin 970 and the second pin 990a contacts the long neutral/line pin 910. The current thus travels through the current transformer 930 as shown, so that the current transformer can measure the current.
The use of the long pins and tabs with the current transformer in the arrangement shown in
To the extent that the term “includes” or “including” is used in the specification or the claims, it is intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term “comprising” as that term is interpreted when employed as a transitional word in a claim. Furthermore, to the extent that the term “or” is employed (e.g., A or B) it is intended to mean “A or B or both.” When the applicants intend to indicate “only A or B but not both” then the term “only A or B but not both” will be employed. Thus, use of the term “or” herein is the inclusive, and not the exclusive use. See, Bryan A. Garner, A Dictionary of Modern Legal Usage 624 (2d. Ed. 1995). Also, to the extent that the terms “in” or “into” are used in the specification or the claims, it is intended to additionally mean “on” or “onto.” Furthermore, to the extent the term “connect” is used in the specification or claims, it is intended to mean not only “directly connected to,” but also “indirectly connected to” such as connected through another component or components.
While the present disclosure has been illustrated by the description of embodiments thereof, and while the embodiments have been described in considerable detail, it is not the intention of the applicants to restrict or in any way limit the scope of the appended claims to such detail. Additional advantages and modifications will readily appear to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the disclosure, in its broader aspects, is not limited to the specific details, the representative system and method, and illustrative examples shown and described. Accordingly, departures may be made from such details without departing from the spirit or scope of the applicant's general inventive concept.
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/884,832, filed on Jan. 31, 2018, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
Number | Name | Date | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
4740167 | Millhimes et al. | Apr 1988 | A |
5144530 | Cohen et al. | Sep 1992 | A |
5203713 | French et al. | Apr 1993 | A |
5289363 | Ferchau et al. | Feb 1994 | A |
5340326 | LeMaster | Aug 1994 | A |
5425659 | Banks | Jun 1995 | A |
5429518 | Chen | Jul 1995 | A |
5675194 | Domigan | Oct 1997 | A |
5779504 | Dominiak et al. | Jul 1998 | A |
5870276 | Leach et al. | Feb 1999 | A |
5949974 | Ewing et al. | Sep 1999 | A |
5982610 | Crawford et al. | Nov 1999 | A |
6015307 | Chiu et al. | Jan 2000 | A |
6086397 | Chapman et al. | Jul 2000 | A |
6220880 | Lee et al. | Apr 2001 | B1 |
6454609 | Huang | Sep 2002 | B1 |
6514093 | Yu | Feb 2003 | B1 |
6611724 | Buda et al. | Aug 2003 | B1 |
6663435 | Lincoln, III et al. | Dec 2003 | B2 |
6675302 | Ykema | Jan 2004 | B2 |
6711613 | Ewing et al. | Mar 2004 | B1 |
6750410 | Lee | Jun 2004 | B2 |
6939180 | Wu | Sep 2005 | B1 |
6940015 | Fang | Sep 2005 | B2 |
7010589 | Ewing et al. | Mar 2006 | B2 |
7043543 | Ewing et al. | May 2006 | B2 |
7099934 | Ewing et al. | Aug 2006 | B1 |
7137850 | Ewing et al. | Nov 2006 | B2 |
7162521 | Ewing et al. | Jan 2007 | B2 |
7171461 | Ewing et al. | Jan 2007 | B2 |
7187177 | Kelly et al. | Mar 2007 | B2 |
7196900 | Ewing et al. | Mar 2007 | B2 |
7215535 | Pereira | May 2007 | B2 |
7268998 | Ewing | Sep 2007 | B2 |
7312980 | Ewing et al. | Dec 2007 | B2 |
7365964 | Donahue, IV | Apr 2008 | B2 |
7377807 | Ohman | May 2008 | B2 |
7394667 | Kelly et al. | Jul 2008 | B2 |
7400493 | Ewing et al. | Jul 2008 | B2 |
7447002 | Ewing et al. | Nov 2008 | B2 |
7457106 | Ewing | Nov 2008 | B2 |
7535696 | Ewing et al. | May 2009 | B2 |
7581977 | Wu | Sep 2009 | B1 |
7606014 | Ziegler et al. | Oct 2009 | B2 |
7619868 | Spitaels et al. | Nov 2009 | B2 |
7675739 | Ewing et al. | Mar 2010 | B2 |
7702771 | Ewing et al. | Apr 2010 | B2 |
7706134 | Ewing et al. | Apr 2010 | B2 |
7742284 | Ewing et al. | Jun 2010 | B2 |
7759575 | Jones et al. | Jul 2010 | B2 |
7764775 | Tarkoff et al. | Jul 2010 | B2 |
7774443 | Ewing et al. | Aug 2010 | B2 |
7905749 | Cleveland | Mar 2011 | B2 |
7940504 | Spitaels et al. | May 2011 | B2 |
7982335 | Aldag | Jul 2011 | B2 |
7990689 | Ewing et al. | Aug 2011 | B2 |
8004827 | Ewing et al. | Aug 2011 | B2 |
8027134 | Ziegler et al. | Sep 2011 | B2 |
8038454 | Jiang | Oct 2011 | B2 |
8053672 | Behrens et al. | Nov 2011 | B2 |
8093748 | Martins | Jan 2012 | B2 |
8207627 | Aldag et al. | Jun 2012 | B2 |
8212427 | Spitaels et al. | Jul 2012 | B2 |
8264099 | Aldag et al. | Sep 2012 | B2 |
8283802 | Jansma | Oct 2012 | B2 |
8305737 | Ewing et al. | Nov 2012 | B2 |
8305739 | Dozier | Nov 2012 | B2 |
8321163 | Ewing et al. | Nov 2012 | B2 |
8341837 | Braunstein et al. | Jan 2013 | B2 |
8403736 | Rasmussen et al. | Mar 2013 | B2 |
8427007 | Jansma et al. | Apr 2013 | B2 |
8427301 | Siegman | Apr 2013 | B2 |
8489667 | Ewing et al. | Jul 2013 | B2 |
8494661 | Ewing et al. | Jul 2013 | B2 |
8503149 | Spitaels et al. | Aug 2013 | B2 |
8510424 | Ewing et al. | Aug 2013 | B2 |
8527619 | Ewing et al. | Sep 2013 | B2 |
8549062 | Ewing et al. | Oct 2013 | B2 |
8549067 | Ewing et al. | Oct 2013 | B2 |
8560652 | Ewing et al. | Oct 2013 | B2 |
8587950 | Ewing et al. | Nov 2013 | B2 |
8601291 | Ewing et al. | Dec 2013 | B2 |
8610316 | Spitaels et al. | Dec 2013 | B2 |
8619412 | Ewing et al. | Dec 2013 | B2 |
8625255 | Linnane et al. | Jan 2014 | B2 |
8694272 | Ewing et al. | Apr 2014 | B2 |
8780555 | Fink et al. | Jul 2014 | B2 |
8902569 | Wishman et al. | Dec 2014 | B1 |
9009288 | Ewing et al. | Apr 2015 | B2 |
9104393 | Ewing et al. | Aug 2015 | B2 |
9142971 | Ewing et al. | Sep 2015 | B2 |
9166382 | Ewing et al. | Oct 2015 | B2 |
9270089 | Bailey et al. | Feb 2016 | B2 |
9271423 | Krenz | Feb 2016 | B2 |
9276388 | Ewing et al. | Mar 2016 | B2 |
9281692 | Hui | Mar 2016 | B2 |
9287688 | Ewing | Mar 2016 | B2 |
9316672 | Soneda et al. | Apr 2016 | B2 |
9400726 | Nicholson et al. | Jul 2016 | B2 |
9961743 | Bornhorst | May 2018 | B2 |
20020002582 | Ewing et al. | Jan 2002 | A1 |
20020002593 | Ewing et al. | Jan 2002 | A1 |
20030052543 | Boost | Mar 2003 | A1 |
20030126253 | Ewing et al. | Jul 2003 | A1 |
20040205181 | Ewing et al. | Oct 2004 | A1 |
20040215763 | Ewing et al. | Oct 2004 | A1 |
20050203987 | Ewing et al. | Sep 2005 | A1 |
20050223090 | Ewing et al. | Oct 2005 | A1 |
20050259383 | Ewing et al. | Nov 2005 | A1 |
20060031453 | Ewing et al. | Feb 2006 | A1 |
20060031454 | Ewing et al. | Feb 2006 | A1 |
20060092600 | Ewing et al. | May 2006 | A1 |
20060094299 | Ewing et al. | May 2006 | A1 |
20060139855 | Ewing et al. | Jun 2006 | A1 |
20060199438 | Cleveland | Jun 2006 | A1 |
20060221524 | Kelly et al. | Oct 2006 | A1 |
20060227474 | Kelly et al. | Oct 2006 | A1 |
20060232366 | Li | Oct 2006 | A1 |
20060259538 | Ewing et al. | Nov 2006 | A1 |
20070016664 | Ewing et al. | Jan 2007 | A1 |
20070050443 | Ewing et al. | Mar 2007 | A1 |
20070076340 | Ewing et al. | Apr 2007 | A1 |
20070128927 | Cleveland | Jun 2007 | A1 |
20070130243 | Ewing et al. | Jun 2007 | A1 |
20070136453 | Ewing et al. | Jun 2007 | A1 |
20070140238 | Ewing et al. | Jun 2007 | A1 |
20070159752 | Ewing et al. | Jul 2007 | A1 |
20070159775 | Ewing et al. | Jul 2007 | A1 |
20070161293 | Ewing et al. | Jul 2007 | A1 |
20070184721 | Ewing et al. | Aug 2007 | A1 |
20070245012 | Ewing et al. | Oct 2007 | A1 |
20070291430 | Spitaels et al. | Dec 2007 | A1 |
20070291433 | Ziegler et al. | Dec 2007 | A1 |
20080076291 | Ewing et al. | Mar 2008 | A1 |
20080093927 | Ewing et al. | Apr 2008 | A1 |
20080198536 | Ewing et al. | Aug 2008 | A1 |
20080266759 | Kelly et al. | Oct 2008 | A1 |
20080272878 | Ewing et al. | Nov 2008 | A1 |
20090061691 | Ewing et al. | Mar 2009 | A1 |
20090180241 | Ewing et al. | Jul 2009 | A1 |
20090213567 | Mandapat et al. | Aug 2009 | A1 |
20090234512 | Ewing et al. | Sep 2009 | A1 |
20090236909 | Aldag et al. | Sep 2009 | A1 |
20090323258 | Ziegler et al. | Dec 2009 | A1 |
20100020475 | Spitaels et al. | Jan 2010 | A1 |
20100033019 | Connell et al. | Feb 2010 | A1 |
20100084921 | Martins | Apr 2010 | A1 |
20100208435 | Ewing et al. | Aug 2010 | A1 |
20100253143 | Ewing et al. | Oct 2010 | A1 |
20100259871 | Ewing et al. | Oct 2010 | A1 |
20100280774 | Ewing et al. | Nov 2010 | A1 |
20100306559 | Ewing et al. | Dec 2010 | A1 |
20100328849 | Ewing et al. | Dec 2010 | A1 |
20110136353 | Spitaels et al. | Jun 2011 | A1 |
20110167280 | Ewing et al. | Jul 2011 | A1 |
20110187348 | Soneda et al. | Aug 2011 | A1 |
20110197080 | Ewing et al. | Aug 2011 | A1 |
20110205693 | Jansma et al. | Aug 2011 | A1 |
20110223785 | Jiang et al. | Sep 2011 | A1 |
20110237097 | Aldag et al. | Sep 2011 | A1 |
20110244715 | Aldag et al. | Oct 2011 | A1 |
20110296224 | Ewing et al. | Dec 2011 | A1 |
20110304958 | Dozier | Dec 2011 | A1 |
20110316690 | Siegman | Dec 2011 | A1 |
20120042180 | Ewing et al. | Feb 2012 | A1 |
20120075776 | Ewing et al. | Mar 2012 | A1 |
20120081842 | Ewing et al. | Apr 2012 | A1 |
20120081843 | Ewing et al. | Apr 2012 | A1 |
20120086425 | Suchoff | Apr 2012 | A1 |
20120087051 | Spitaels et al. | Apr 2012 | A1 |
20120117396 | Ewing et al. | May 2012 | A1 |
20120229515 | Cao | Sep 2012 | A1 |
20120307421 | Ewing et al. | Dec 2012 | A1 |
20130090869 | Ewing et al. | Apr 2013 | A1 |
20130140915 | Spitaels et al. | Jun 2013 | A1 |
20140041929 | Irons et al. | Feb 2014 | A1 |
20140070628 | Ewing et al. | Mar 2014 | A1 |
20140102746 | Wrightson et al. | Apr 2014 | A1 |
20140107854 | Ewing et al. | Apr 2014 | A1 |
20140111908 | Ewing et al. | Apr 2014 | A1 |
20140126116 | Irons | May 2014 | A1 |
20140126117 | Ewing et al. | May 2014 | A1 |
20140126118 | Ewing et al. | May 2014 | A1 |
20140144670 | Irons et al. | May 2014 | A1 |
20140160637 | Liu et al. | Jun 2014 | A1 |
20140204504 | Ewing et al. | Jul 2014 | A1 |
20140218008 | Ewing et al. | Aug 2014 | A1 |
20140236372 | Ewing et al. | Aug 2014 | A1 |
20140285018 | Ewing et al. | Sep 2014 | A1 |
20140304534 | Ewing et al. | Oct 2014 | A1 |
20140329467 | Ewing et al. | Nov 2014 | A1 |
20150072553 | Irons | Mar 2015 | A1 |
20150135783 | Jiang et al. | May 2015 | A1 |
20150177797 | Butzer et al. | Jun 2015 | A1 |
20150188269 | Kim et al. | Jul 2015 | A1 |
20150207302 | Lv et al. | Jul 2015 | A1 |
20150214683 | Irons | Jul 2015 | A1 |
20150222047 | Utz et al. | Aug 2015 | A1 |
20150222063 | Irons et al. | Aug 2015 | A1 |
20150236507 | Burant | Aug 2015 | A1 |
20150241897 | Ewing et al. | Aug 2015 | A1 |
20150249324 | Billman et al. | Sep 2015 | A1 |
20150263513 | Newell et al. | Sep 2015 | A1 |
20150355695 | Ewing et al. | Dec 2015 | A1 |
20150362941 | Ewing et al. | Dec 2015 | A1 |
20150370297 | Schroeder et al. | Dec 2015 | A1 |
20150372462 | Mills et al. | Dec 2015 | A1 |
20160011639 | Ewing et al. | Jan 2016 | A1 |
20160020584 | Zhang et al. | Jan 2016 | A1 |
20160079722 | Ewing et al. | Mar 2016 | A1 |
20160120049 | Chen | Apr 2016 | A1 |
20160164292 | Ewing et al. | Jun 2016 | A1 |
20160165744 | Bailey et al. | Jun 2016 | A1 |
Number | Date | Country |
---|---|---|
2010265883 | Feb 2016 | AU |
2016203004 | May 2016 | AU |
2016203402 | Jun 2016 | AU |
2016203402 | Jun 2016 | AU |
2229571 | Apr 1997 | CA |
2229571 | Sep 2006 | CA |
2602505 | Oct 2006 | CA |
2713428 | Jul 2009 | CA |
2878655 | Jul 2009 | CA |
2766807 | Dec 2010 | CA |
2801073 | Dec 2011 | CA |
2803493 | Dec 2011 | CA |
2837880 | Dec 2012 | CA |
2889216 | May 2014 | CA |
2713428 | Mar 2015 | CA |
2801073 | Jan 2016 | CA |
1054476 | Jul 2000 | CN |
2634685 | Aug 2004 | CN |
1171366 | Oct 2004 | CN |
201061085 | May 2008 | CN |
201340984 | Nov 2009 | CN |
201369583 | Dec 2009 | CN |
201726058 | Jan 2011 | CN |
101110514 | Jun 2011 | CN |
202059085 | Nov 2011 | CN |
101807775 | Mar 2012 | CN |
101123344 | Sep 2012 | CN |
202434789 | Sep 2012 | CN |
202872201 | Apr 2013 | CN |
202977986 | Jun 2013 | CN |
202978089 | Jun 2013 | CN |
203103767 | Jul 2013 | CN |
102208833 | Jan 2014 | CN |
203607683 | May 2014 | CN |
103858292 | Jun 2014 | CN |
103872585 | Jun 2014 | CN |
203645149 | Jun 2014 | CN |
203645933 | Jun 2014 | CN |
203645962 | Jun 2014 | CN |
203661449 | Jun 2014 | CN |
103915765 | Jul 2014 | CN |
203812166 | Sep 2014 | CN |
203911108 | Oct 2014 | CN |
203951356 | Nov 2014 | CN |
104199534 | Dec 2014 | CN |
204130787 | Jan 2015 | CN |
204179491 | Feb 2015 | CN |
204179497 | Feb 2015 | CN |
204333678 | May 2015 | CN |
204333679 | May 2015 | CN |
204481214 | Jul 2015 | CN |
102035148 | Aug 2015 | CN |
104904075 | Sep 2015 | CN |
204667227 | Sep 2015 | CN |
104979761 | Oct 2015 | CN |
204696497 | Oct 2015 | CN |
105244672 | Jan 2016 | CN |
103986225 | Apr 2016 | CN |
105470930 | Apr 2016 | CN |
205248637 | May 2016 | CN |
103582397 | Jun 2016 | CN |
185563 | Jan 1990 | EP |
407241 | Jul 1993 | EP |
655818 | May 1997 | EP |
2255419 | Dec 2010 | EP |
2629379 | Oct 2015 | EP |
3002955 | Apr 2016 | EP |
2440029 | May 2016 | EP |
2547694 | Dec 1984 | FR |
2196CHE2012 | Dec 2013 | IN |
2517MUM2013 | Sep 2015 | IN |
4059CHE2012 | Apr 2016 | IN |
2012503958 | Feb 2012 | JP |
05351251 | Nov 2013 | JP |
2012013967 | Mar 2013 | MX |
201412224 | Mar 2014 | TW |
1994002062 | Feb 1994 | WO |
2007008176 | Jan 2007 | WO |
2013095352 | Jun 2013 | WO |
2014089979 | Jun 2014 | WO |
2016100252 | Jun 2016 | WO |
Entry |
---|
US 7,528,321 B2, 05/2009, Rasmussen et al. (withdrawn) |
International Search Report and Written Opinion; corresponding PCT Application No. PCT/EP2019/025031, International Filing Date Jan. 31, 2019; Authorized Officer Brigitta KLaG; dated May 29, 2019. |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
20200137914 A1 | Apr 2020 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
Parent | 15884832 | Jan 2018 | US |
Child | 16720203 | US |