Patent Application
20120086217
The invention relates to a power generation apparatus, in particular for expanding the range of an electrically operated vehicle, having an internal combustion engine and a generator, which is situated coaxially to the output shaft of the internal combustion engine, internal combustion engine and generator being situated in a housing through which cooling air flows.
An autonomously operable portable power generation apparatus is known from US 2005/0279542 A1, which is used for the purpose of expanding the range of an electric vehicle. The power generation apparatus has an internal combustion engine and a generator situated coaxially thereto, internal combustion engine and generator being situated in a common housing. The common housing, which is divided by a partition wall into two areas, has cooling air flowing through it, the cooling air flowing into the housing in the area of the generator and flowing back out of the housing at the end of the housing on the internal combustion engine side. The rotor of the generator and the output shaft of the internal combustion engine have fan blades to convey the cooling air.
U.S. Pat. No. 7,049,707 B2 discloses a power generation assembly, comprising an internal combustion engine and a generator, which are connected to one another via a common shaft. Internal combustion engine and generator are situated in a common housing, which has entry openings for cooling air on the side of the generator and on the side of the internal combustion engine, the cooling air being conveyed by fan rotors.
Furthermore, a machine apparatus comprising a rotary piston internal combustion engine and a rotary piston compressor, as well as a generator, is described in DE 39 30 901 A1. The compressor and the power generator are driven by the internal combustion engine via belt drives. Furthermore, the internal combustion engine drives a fan wheel via a universal joint and a longitudinally-displaceable drive shaft, which is non-rotatable per se. The internal combustion engine can be cooled via a radiator located in the stream of the fan wheel. The machine apparatus is intended as a transportable device for use in case of catastrophe or for military purposes.
Known power generation apparatuses have the disadvantage that they are relatively cumbersome and heavy and occupy a large amount of installation space. In spite of known efforts to achieve noise reduction through noise-damping encapsulations or the like, typical power generation apparatuses have a relatively high operating noise. Therefore, typical power generation apparatuses have only limited suitability for use in motor vehicles, in particular in electric motor vehicles.
Power generation apparatuses which are used as so-called range extenders for electric vehicles are to be able to be operated with as little noise as possible, are to occupy little installation space, and are to have a low weight, and nonetheless have a high power density. These requirements are only partially fulfilled by known power generation apparatuses.
The object of the invention is therefore to develop a power generation apparatus which fulfills the mentioned requirements and has a high power density with low operating noise. In addition, the power generation apparatus is to be implemented compactly and is to have a low weight, so that it can be integrated in a simple way in typical electric vehicle concepts with as little additional expenditure as possible.
This is achieved according to the invention in that internal combustion engine and generator are implemented as a unit and are situated in a substantially tubular cooling chamber of the housing, formed by an inner housing, an intake air duct opening into the cooling chamber on the side of the generator, preferably approximately in the area of the output shaft axis, and an exhaust air duct originating from the cooling chamber on the side of the internal combustion engine, preferably in the area of the output shaft axis, and the internal combustion engine-generator unit being mounted in the housing via a noise-damping engine bearings.
The internal combustion engine-generator unit is therefore enclosed by an airflow sheath, which has an advantageous effect on the noise emission.
In order to further minimize the operating noise and ensure sufficient cooling of the unit, it is advantageous if the internal combustion engine is water-cooled and at least one air/water heat exchanger is situated in the cooling chamber—preferably, in relation to the output shaft axis—air/water heat exchangers are situated on both sides of the internal combustion engine, the internal combustion engine preferably being implemented as a rotary piston engine.
An extraordinarily compact construction may be achieved if the intake air duct, the cooling chamber, and the exhaust air duct are situated in an “S” shape—viewed in horizontal projection.
To implement a sufficient cooling air throughput, it is provided that—in relation to the airflow—a fan is situated upstream from the generator in the cooling chamber, whose rotor is situated coaxially with the output shaft axis, an intake nozzle of the internal combustion engine preferably being situated in the cooling chamber downstream from the exit of the fan—in relation to the airflow. In this way, because the intake nozzle is situated downstream from the fan rotor, already pre-compressed air is sucked in, which has an advantageous effect on the engine performance.
An extraordinarily compact and low-noise concept may be achieved if an exhaust gas duct of the internal combustion engine opens into the exhaust air duct, preferably in the area of the output shaft axis, and preferably downstream from the air/water heat exchanger. Because the exhaust gases are injected into the cooling air, the noise emission may be reduced further.
An extraordinarily small installation volume and a minimum number of components may be achieved if a force-providing part of the internal combustion engine and a power-generating part of the generator, in particular the rotor of the generator, have a common shaft, it being particularly advantageous if the rotor of the generator is connected to a first balancing mass for mass balancing or forms a unit therewith. Furthermore, it can be provided in the scope of the invention that a housing of the generator and an output-side housing part of the internal combustion engine form a unit, and are preferably implemented integrally. This allows a very compact and low-noise embodiment.
Furthermore, to save components and installation space, it can be provided in a very low-noise concept that a fuel tank, which is preferably integrated in the housing, is situated at least on one side of the cooling chamber, the intake air duct, and the exhaust air duct.
In a further embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that a fuel tank, which is preferably integrated in the housing, is situated on at least on one side of the cooling chamber, the intake air duct, and the exhaust air duct. The power generation apparatus therefore forms a closed structural module together with the fuel tank and can also be conceived as a replaceable module, which can be inserted or removed in a predetermined vehicle space as needed.
A space-saving design may be implemented if a first balancing mass is situated on the rotor of the generator, which is preferably implemented integrally with the rotor, the drive shaft preferably having a second balancing mass on a second end facing away from the first end.
Because the first balancing mass is integrated in the rotor of the generator, the power generation apparatus can be implemented very compactly and having low weight.
An extremely compact and low-noise concept may be achieved if both the internal combustion engine and also the generator are water-cooled, the housing of the internal combustion engine and the housing of the generator having integrated cooling ducts, the cooling ducts of the internal combustion engine and the cooling ducts of the generator having a flow connection to one another without lines. It is particularly advantageous if the housing of the generator directly adjoins the housing of the internal combustion engine, the housing of the generator preferably being implemented integrally with the housing of the internal combustion engine.
A particularly compact and lightweight construction is made possible if an oil pump is situated in the area of the second end of the drive shaft, whose rotor is rotationally connected to the drive shaft, the oil pump preferably being situated between the internal combustion engine and the second balancing mass.
The invention is explained in greater detail hereafter on the basis of the figures.
In the figures:
The internal combustion engine-generator unit 10 formed by internal combustion engine 5 and generator 6 is supported via a vibration-damping engine bearings in the inner housing 2. A fan rotor 11, which is driven by the output shaft 7, is situated on the side of the mouth 8′ of the intake air line 8 into the cooling chamber 4. An air stream is generated in accordance with the arrows S in the intake air duct 8, cooling chamber 4, and in the exhaust air duct 9 by the fan rotor 11, the internal combustion engine-generator unit 10 having flow around it in the form of a sheath flow.
The intake opening 12′ of an intake line 12 of the internal combustion engine 5 is situated downstream from the fan rotor 11. Air which is already precompressed by the fan rotor 11 can thus be sucked in by the internal combustion engine 5, which has an advantageous effect on the engine performance.
The internal combustion engine 5 is implemented as water-cooled. Air/water heat exchangers 13, which the cooling air S flows against, are situated on both sides of the output shaft axis 7 in the cooling chamber 4 for optimum cooling of the internal combustion engine 5. The mouth 14′ of an exhaust gas line 14 of the internal combustion engine 5 is situated in the area of the exit 9′ of the exit line 9 from the cooling chamber 4, so that the exhaust gases are introduced directly into the cooling air stream S and mixed with the cooling air. This allows cooling of the exhaust gases, on the one hand, and effective reduction of the noise emission, on the other hand.
A fuel tank 15 is integrated in the power generation apparatus 1, at least on one side of the cooling chamber 4, in the outer housing 3 of the power generation apparatus 1.
As is recognizable from
The internal combustion engine-generator unit 10 is fully balanced per se, the imbalance of the eccentric output shaft 7 being compensated for by a first balancing mass 24 integrated in the rotor 23 of the generator 6, and by a second balancing mass 21 on the side of the oil pump 22, which is rotationally connected to the output shaft 7 in the area of a second end 7b. The rotary piston of the internal combustion engine 5 is indicated by reference sign 20. The oil pump 22 is situated on the end of the output shaft 7 opposite to the coolant pump 16.
Reference sign 25 indicates the stator of the generator 6.
The extremely compact power generation apparatus 1 is constructed as a module and can therefore be inserted as needed into corresponding spaces of an electric vehicle in order to expand its range. The compact construction and the high power density allow the power generation apparatus to be used as a range extender in already existing concepts of electric vehicles without substantially reducing the useful space and/or substantially increasing the overall weight.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| A 201/2009 | Feb 2009 | AT | national |
| A 524/2009 | Apr 2009 | AT | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2010/051357 | 2/4/2010 | WO | 00 | 12/14/2011 |
