Patent Application
20230378671
The present disclosure relates to a press-fit terminal and a connector device.
Patent Document 1 discloses a press-fit terminal including a connecting portion composed of a wide slit portion penetrating through front and back surfaces and two beam members facing each other across the slit portion. In Patent Document 1, the beam member is formed to be narrow on a tip side and a rear end side of the connecting portion with respect to a center of the connecting portion, and the slit portion is formed such that a length from the center to the rear end side of the connecting portion is shorter than a length from the center to the tip side of the connecting portion.
Patent Document 2 discloses a press-fit terminal including an introducing portion to be introduced into a through hole, a pressure holding portion to be press-fit and held in the through hole and a body portion coupled to the pressure holding portion, the press-fit terminal being formed with an opening extending in a longitudinal direction from a center of the pressure holding portion toward the body portion and toward the introducing portion. In Patent Document 2, a ratio of a length in the longitudinal direction from the center of the pressure holding portion to one end of the opening on the side of the body portion and a length in the longitudinal direction from the center of the pressure holding portion to the other end of the opening on the side of the introducing portion is specified within a range of 80:220 to 120:180.
A press-fit terminal is, for example, evaluated based on an insertion force, a holding force and a contact area. The insertion force is a load necessary to insert the press-fit terminal into a through hole. The holding force is a load necessary to pull out the press-fit terminal from the through hole. The contact area is an area of the press-fit terminal in contact with the inner surface of the through hole with the press-fit terminal inserted in the through hole.
If the insertion force is small, the press-fit terminal is easily inserted into the through hole and damage given to a board is suppressed in inserting the press-fit terminal into the through hole. Further, if the holding force and the contact area are large, the press-fit terminal is firmly held on the board and the electrical connection reliability of the press-fit terminal and a circuit formed on the board is also improved. Thus, it is required to reduce the insertion force and increase the holding force and the contact area for the press-fit terminal.
Generally, a reduction of the insertion force and increases of the holding force and the contact area are contradictory requests. Thus, in studying the shape of the press-fit terminal, it is important to balance the insertion force, the holding force and the contact area at a high level.
Particularly, for the press-fit terminal having a large plate thickness of 0.75 to 0.85 mm, the insertion force tends to be large. If the insertion force is too large, the board may be damaged. Thus, for the press-fit terminal having the large plate thickness of 0.75 to 0.85 mm, it is more important to balance the insertion force, the holding force and the contact area at a high level within a range in which excessive damage on the board can be suppressed.
Accordingly, the present disclosure aims to balance an insertion force, a holding force and a contact area at a high level for a press-fit terminal having a plate thickness of 0.75 to 0.85 mm.
A press-fit terminal of the present disclosure is a press-fit terminal to be press-fit into a through hole formed in a board and is provided with a press-fit portion including two contact pieces facing each other across an eye hole, each of the two contact pieces including a parallel portion in parallel to that of the other contact piece, a front spring portion extending from the parallel portion in an inserting direction of the press-fit portion and a rear spring portion extending from the parallel portion in a direction opposite to the inserting direction of the press-fit portion, a thickness of the press-fit portion being 0.75 mm or more and 0.85 mm or less, when G1 [mm3] and G2 [mm3] denote front spring strength and rear spring strength calculated under the following conditions for the press-fit portion, G1+G2 being 0.030 or more and 0.080 or less, and when θ denotes a gradient of the front spring portion with respect to the inserting direction of the press-fit portion, G1 tan θ being 0.0024 or more and 0.0070 or less,
[Conditions]
According to the present disclosure, an insertion force, a holding force and a contact area can be balanced at a high level for a press-fit terminal having a plate thickness of 0.75 to 0.85 mm.
First, embodiments of the present disclosure are listed and described.
The press-fit terminal of the present disclosure is as follows.
(1) The press-fit terminal of the present disclosure is to be press-fit into a through hole formed in a board, and provided with a press-fit portion including two contact pieces facing each other across an eye hole, each of the two contact pieces including a parallel portion in parallel to that of the other contact piece, a front spring portion extending from the parallel portion in an inserting direction of the press-fit portion and a rear spring portion extending from the parallel portion in a direction opposite to the inserting direction of the press-fit portion, a thickness of the press-fit portion being 0.75 mm or more and 0.85 mm or less, when G1 [mm3] and G2 [mm3] denote front spring strength and rear spring strength calculated under the following conditions for the press-fit portion, G1+G2 being 0.030 or more and 0.080 or less, and when θ denotes a gradient of the front spring portion with respect to the inserting direction of the press-fit portion, G1 tan θ being 0.0024 or more and 0.0070 or less,
[Conditions]
According to this press-fit terminal, since G1+G2 is 0.030 or more and 0.075 or less, and G1 tan θ is 0.0024 or more and 0.0070 or less, an insertion force, a holding force and a contact area can be balanced at a high level for the press-fit terminal having the thickness of 0.75 mm or more and 0.85 mm or less.
(2) In the press-fit terminal of (1), G1+G2 may be 0.030 or more and 0.060 or less, and G1 tan θ may be 0.0028 or more and 0.0060 or less. The insertion force, the holding force and the contact area can be balanced at an even higher level for the press-fit terminal having the thickness of 0.75 mm or more and 0.85 mm or less.
(3) In the press-fit terminal of (1) or (2), a thickness of the press-fit portion may be 0.8 mm.
(4) In the press-fit terminal of (1) or (2), the outer edge of the front spring portion may be inclined inward in a width direction of the press-fit portion toward front, and the outer edge of the rear spring portion may be inclined inward in the width direction of the press-fit portion toward rear. In this way, the front spring portion and the rear spring portion are easily deformed.
(5) In the press-fit terminal of any one of (1) to (4), an outward facing part of the parallel portion is formed into an arcuate shape when viewed along the inserting direction. In this way, a contact area of the parallel portion and the inner peripheral surface of the through hole is increased.
(6) A connector device may be provided with a connector including the press-fit terminal of (5) and a board formed with a through hole, the press-fit portion of the press-fit terminal being press-fit into the through hole, and a radius of curvature of the outward facing part of the parallel portion being equal to or smaller than an inner circumference radius of the through hole when viewed along the inserting direction. In this way, the contact area of the parallel portion and the inner peripheral surface of the through hole is increased.
Specific examples of a press-fit terminal and a connector device of the present disclosure are described below with reference to the drawings. Note that the present disclosure is not limited to these illustrations and is intended to be represented by claims and include all changes in the scope of claims and in the meaning and scope of equivalents.
Hereinafter, a press-fit terminal according to an embodiment is described.
The press-fit terminal 20 is a terminal to be press-fit into the through hole 13 formed in a board 12. Here, the board 12 is formed by an insulating plate such as a glass epoxy plate. The board 12 is formed with the through holes 13 penetrating through the front and back surfaces. The through hole 13 is a circular hole. The through hole 13 may be a rectangular hole or the like. An electrically conductive layer 13f made of metal such as copper is formed on the inner surface of the through hole 13. With the press-fit terminal 20 press-fit in the through hole 13, the press-fit terminal 20 is in contact with the electrically conductive layer 13f and electrically connected to the electrically conductive layer 13f. The electrically conductive layer 13f may be connected to a circuit formed on the front surface or the like of the board 12.
The press-fit terminal 20 is formed of metal such as copper or copper alloy. The press-fit terminal 20 may be formed, for example, by press-working a metal plate. Plating of tin, tin alloy or the like may be formed on the surface of the press-fit terminal 20.
The press-fit terminal 20 includes the press-fit portion 30. In this embodiment, a tip part 22 is connected to one end part of the press-fit portion 30, and a base end part 26 is connected to the other end part of the press-fit portion 30. The tip part 22 is a part to be first inserted into the through hole 13 when the press-fit terminal 20 is inserted into the through hole 13. The base end part 26 is a part connected to a part to be electrically connected to the electrically conductive layer 13f of the through hole 13. In an example shown in
The press-fit portion 30 is a part provided between the tip part 22 and the base end part 26. A width W2 (here, a maximum width) of the press-fit portion 30 is larger than a width W1 of the tip part 22 and further larger than a diameter ϕ of the through hole 13. Thus, the press-fit portion 30 can contact the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 13. The press-fit portion 30 may be understood as a part for obtaining electrical connection to the electrically conductive layer 13f by being held in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 13.
More specifically, the press-fit terminal 20 is in the form of a plate elongated straight as a whole.
The tip part 22 includes a tapered part gradually narrowed toward a tip side. By the presence of the tapered part, the press-fit terminal 20 is easily inserted into the through hole 13. The tip part may include a rectangular plate-like part having a constant width. In this case, a tapered part may be formed on a side forward of the rectangular plate part. The tip part 22 is insertable into the through hole 13 while being spaced apart from the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 13.
The base end part 26 includes a rectangular plate-like part having a constant width. Both side edges of this rectangular plate-like part are parallel to each other. A width of the base end part 26 is smaller than the width W2 of the press-fit portion 30. The base end part may not be in form of a rectangular plate. For example, the base end part may be shaped to be gradually narrowed or widened toward the press-fit portion. The base end part may have a part having a larger width than the press-fit portion.
The press-fit portion 30 is provided between the tip part 22 and the base end part 26. The press-fit portion 30 includes two contact pieces 34 facing each other across an eye hole 31. The eye hole 31 is a hole elongated in a direction connecting the tip part 22 and the base end part 26. Specific examples of the shape of the eye hole 31 include a perfect circular shape, an oval shape, a square shape and a rectangular shape. The eye hole 31 is preferably elongated in the inserting direction of the press-fit terminal. The contact piece 34 is in the form of an elongated plate. One end part of each of the two contact pieces 34 is connected to the tip part 22. The other end parts of the two contact pieces 34 are connected to the base end part 26.
Each of the two contact pieces 34 includes a parallel portion 36, a front spring portion 35 and a rear spring portion 37.
The parallel portions 36 of the respective two contact pieces 34 are arranged in parallel to each other. More specifically, outer edges 36a of the two parallel portions 36 are arranged linearly along a front-rear direction and in parallel to each other. Inner edges of the two parallel portions 36 are also arranged linearly along the front-rear direction and in parallel to each other. Of course, depending on the shape of the eye hole 31, the inner edges of the two parallel portions 36 may be partially or entirely curved.
The front spring portion 35 is a part extending from the parallel portion 36 in the inserting direction (forward direction) of the press-fit terminal 20. The front spring portion 35 is a part to be more easily deformed than the parallel portion 36 when the press-fit portion 30 is inserted into the through hole 13. An outer edge 35a of the front spring portion 35 is inclined inward in a width direction of the press-fit portion 30 toward the front. That is, the outer edge 35a of the front spring portion 35 is connected to the outer edge 36a of the parallel portion 36 at a rear end, gradually inclined inward in the width direction of the press-fit portion 30 toward the front, and connected to an outer edge of the tip part 22 at a front end.
The outer edge 35a of the front spring portion 35 may be entirely straight, may be entirely curved or may have a combined shape of a straight line and a curve. The outer edge 35a of the front spring portion 35 and the outer edge 36a of the parallel portion 36 may be connected via a curve or may be connected while forming an angle. Here, the outer edge 35a of the front spring portion 35 and the outer edge 36a of the parallel portion 36 are connected via an outward convex curve. The outer edge 35a of the front spring portion 35 and the outer edge of the tip part 22 may be connected via a curve, may be connected while forming an angle or may be linearly connected. Here, the outer edge 35a of the front spring portion 35 is linearly connected to the outer edge of the tip part 22.
The rear spring portion 37 is a part extending from the parallel portion 36 in the direction (rearward direction) opposite to the inserting direction of the press-fit terminal 20. The rear spring portion 37 is a part to be more easily deformed than the parallel portion 36 when the press-fit portion 30 is inserted into the through hole 13. The front spring portion 35 and the rear spring portion 37 are easily deformed before and after the parallel portion 36, whereby the parallel portion 36 can be displaced inward without being largely inclined. An outer edge 37a of the rear spring portion 37 is inclined inward in the width direction of the press-fit portion 30 toward the rear. That is, the outer edge 37a of the rear spring portion 37 is connected to the outer edge 36a of the parallel portion 36 at a front end, gradually inclined inward in the width direction of the press-fit portion 30 toward the rear, and connected to an outer edge of the base end part 26 at a rear end.
The outer edge 37a of the rear spring portion 37 may be entirely straight, may be entirely curved or may have a combined shape of a straight line and a curve. The outer edge 37a of the rear spring portion 37 and the outer edge 36a of the parallel portion 36 may be connected via a curve or may be connected while forming an angle. Similarly, the outer edge 37a of the rear spring portion 37 and the outer edge of the base end part 26 may be connected via a curve or may be connected while forming an angle. Here, an intermediate part of the outer edge 37a of the rear spring portion 37 is straight and both end side parts thereof are curved.
When viewed along the inserting direction of the press-fit terminal 20, an outward facing part of the parallel portion 36 is formed into an arcuate surface 36f convex outward. If the outward facing part of the parallel portion 36 is formed into the arcuate surface 36f, this arcuate surface 36f is expected to contact the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 13 in a large area.
A radius of curvature r of this arcuate surface 36f is preferably equal to or smaller than an inner circumference radius (ϕ/2) of the through hole 13. If the radius of curvature r of this arcuate surface 36f is equal to the inner circumference radius (ϕ/2) of the through hole 13, the entire arcuate surface 36f is expected to contact the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 13. Note that the radius of curvature r of this arcuate surface 36f and the inner circumference radius (ϕ/2) of the through hole 1 equal to each other may mean to be equal within a manufacturing error range. For example, the radius of curvature r of this arcuate surface 36f may be equal to the inner circumference radius (ϕ/2) of the through hole 13 within an error range of ±20%. Further, even if the radius of curvature r of this arcuate surface 36f is smaller than the inner circumference radius (ϕ/2) of the through hole 13, a curved surface part in a center of the arcuate surface 36f is expected to contact the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 13 in a large area as compared to the case where the radius of curvature r of this arcuate surface 36f is larger than the inner circumference radius (ϕ/2) of the through hole 13 (see a range E1 of
Outward facing parts of the front spring portion 35 and the rear spring portion 37 are also similarly formed into arcuate surfaces.
It is not essential that the outward facing parts of the parallel portion 36, the front spring portion 35, the rear spring portion 37 are formed into the above shapes when viewed along the inserting direction of the press-fit terminal 20. For example, the outward facing parts of the parallel portion 36, the front spring portion 35, the rear spring portion 37 may be formed into flat surfaces. Further, a case where the radius of curvature r of this arcuate surface 36f is larger than the inner circumference radius (ϕ/2) of the through hole 13 as shown in
A thickness of the press-fit portion 30 is 0.75 mm or more and 0.85 mm or less. Preferably, the thickness of the press-fit portion 30 is 0.8 mm Here, the thickness of 0.8 mm is within a manufacturing error range as understood from the common general technical knowledge of a person skilled in the art. A manufacturing error is, for example, 0.8 mm±40 μm.
As just described, if the thickness of the press-fit portion 30 is as thick as 0.75 mm or more and 0.85 mm or less, an insertion force into the through hole is thought to become excessive if a press-fit terminal is formed by directly applying a shape applied to a thinner press-fit portion or applying a similar shape. This is because an increase in the thickness of the press-fit portion directly leads to an increase of the insertion force. On the other hand, the board itself is not necessarily reinforced according to a thickness increase of the press-fit portion or excellent in strength. Thus, if the thickness of the press-fit portion 30 is as thick as 0.75 mm or more and 0.85 mm or less, it is more important to balance an insertion force, a holding force and a contact area at a high level within a range in which excessive damage on the board can be suppressed.
From such a perspective, each part of the press-fit portion 30 is configured to have the following size and shape.
First, if G1 [mm3] and G2 [mm3] denote front spring strength and rear spring strength calculated under the following conditions for the press-fit portion 30, G1+G2 is 0.030 or more and 0.080 or less.
Further, if θ denotes a gradient of the front spring portion 35 with respect to the inserting direction of the press-fit portion 30, G1 tan θ is 0.0024 or more and 0.0070 or less.
[Conditions]
First, a position of 0.1 mm from and behind the front end of the eye hole 31 is set as a front reference SF. In
A front reference plane TF is assumed which is perpendicular to the outer edge 35a of the front spring portion 35 from the inner edge of the front spring portion 35 at the front reference SF. Here, the front reference plane TF perpendicular to the outer edge 35a of the front spring portion 35 means the front reference plane TF perpendicular to the outer edge 35a of the front spring portion 35, which can be observed when the press-fit portion 30 is viewed along a thickness direction thereof. A cross-sectional secondary moment of the front spring portion 35 in this front reference plane TF is denoted by I1 [mm4].
Similarly, a rear reference plane TR is assumed which is perpendicular to the outer edge 37a of the rear spring portion 37 from the inner edge of the rear spring portion 37 at the rear reference SR, and a cross-sectional secondary moment of the rear spring portion 37 in this rear reference plane TR is denoted by I2 [mm4].
Further, in a front view when the press-fit portion 30 is observed along the thickness direction thereof, a straight line M1 is extended in a direction perpendicular to the front reference plane TF from an intersection of the front reference plane TF and the outer edge 35a of the front spring portion 35. Further, a straight line M2 is extended along the outer edge 36a of the parallel portion 36. A length in the inserting direction of the press-fit portion 30 from an intersection P1 of the straight lines M1 and M2 to the front end of the eye hole 31 is denoted by L1 [mm]. Similarly, in the front view of the press-fit portion 30, a straight line N1 is extended in a direction perpendicular to the rear reference plane TR from an intersection of the rear reference plane TR and the outer edge 37a of the rear spring portion 37. A length in the inserting direction of the press-fit portion 30 from an intersection P2 of the straight line N1 and a straight line N2 (M2) extended along the outer edge 36a of the parallel portion 36 to the rear end of the eye hole 31 is denoted by L2 [mm].
The front spring strength G1 is defined as I1/L1 [mm3], and the rear spring strength G2 is defined as I2/L2 [mm3].
[Concerning Cross-Sectional Secondary Moments]
A cross-sectional secondary moment is a quantity representing deformation difficulty of a member corresponding to a cross-sectional shape. The cross-sectional secondary moments in the front reference plane TF and the rear reference plane TR are, for example, obtained as follows.
A cross-sectional shape of the front spring portion 35 in the front reference plane TF is a combined shape of a first part A having a rectangular shape and a second part B obtained by cutting a part of a circle by a straight line as shown in
In this cross-sectional shape, the cross-sectional secondary moment in the front reference plane TF is calculated by the following equation if t [mm] denotes the thickness of the press-fit portion 30, r [mm] denotes a radius of curvature of the outward facing part of the press-fit portion 30 and h [mm] denotes a spring thickness from an inward facing part on the side of the eye hole 31 to the outward facing part.
Note that, in the above equation, Ia denotes the cross-sectional secondary moment of the first part A and Ib denotes the cross-sectional secondary moment of the second part B. Further, Sa denotes the cross-sectional area of the first part A and Sb denotes the cross-sectional area of the second part. Furthermore, ya denotes the position of a neutral axis of the first part A, yb denotes the position of a neutral axis of the second part B, and y denotes the position of an entire combined neutral axis of the first and second parts A, B.
The cross-sectional secondary moment in the rear reference plane TR is also obtained in the same way as above.
The above cross-sectional secondary moment calculation method is an example. The cross-sectional secondary moments can be obtained by a calculation method based on the cross-sectional shape of the front spring portion 35 in the front reference plane TF, the cross-sectional shape of the rear spring portion 37 in the rear reference plane TR and the like.
According to the press-fit terminal 20 configured as just described, since G1+G2 is 0.030 [mm3] or more and 0.075 [mm3] or less and G1 tan θ is 0.0024 or more and 0.0070 or less, the insertion force, the holding force and the contact area can be balanced at a high level for the press-fit terminal 20 having the thickness of 0.75 mm or more and 0.85 mm or less.
Such a press-fit terminal 20 can be suitably used such as when the press-fit terminal 20 is provided at a location where vibration is applied or when it is desired to firmly hold the press-fit terminal 20 on the board 12 at a power supply point.
In the above press-fit terminal 20, G1+G2 may be 0.030 [mm3] or more and 0.060 [mm3] or less and G1 tan θ may be 0.0028 or more and 0.0060 or less. In this way, the insertion force, the holding force and the contact area can be balanced at an even higher level for the press-fit terminal 20 having the thickness of 0.75 mm or more and 0.85 mm or less.
Further, the outer edge 35a of the front spring portion 35 is inclined inward in the width direction of the press-fit portion 30 toward the front, and the outer edge 37a of the rear spring portion 37 is inclined inward in the width direction of the press-fit portion 30 toward the rear. Thus, if the press-fit terminal 20 is press-fit into the through hole 13, the press-fit portion 30 can be easily deformed due to the presence of the front spring portions 35 and the rear spring portions 37 having the outer edges 35a, 37a inclined with respect to the parallel portions 36.
Further, since the outward facing part of the parallel portion 36 is formed into the arcuate surface 36f, the parallel portion 36 easily contacts the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 13 with a large surface and the contact area can be further increased.
Particularly, if the radius of curvature r of the arcuate surface 36f is equal to or smaller than the radius of the through hole 13, the central part of the arcuate surface 36f easily contacts the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 13 in a relatively large area and the contact area can be further increased.
A case 52 is in the form of a casing having a space capable of accommodating the board 12. The case 52 is formed with an opening 53 for exposing the connector housing 61 to outside. With the connector housing 61 disposed in the opening 63, the board 12 is fixed in the case 52. The board 12 is fixed in the case 52, using a screwing structure, a fit-in structure, a composite structure of those, or the like.
In the connector device 50 as described above, since the press-fit portion 30 having the thickness of 0.75 mm or more and 0.85 mm or less is inserted into the through hole 13 without requiring an excessive insertion force, damage on the board 12 is suppressed. Further, since the holding force and the contact area are also satisfactory after the insertion, the press-fit portion 30 is firmly held in the board 12 and the electrical connection reliability of the press-fit terminal 20 and the circuit of the board 12 can also be improved.
Further, if the radius of curvature r of the outward facing part of the parallel portion 36 is equal to or smaller than the inner circumference radius of the through hole 13, the contact area of the press-fit portion 30 and the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 13 increases.
In Examples, assuming the press-fit terminal 20 described in the above embodiment, the evaluation of the insertion force, the holding force and the contact area is described for Examples A1-A4, B1-B5, C1-C5 and D1-D4 in which G (G1+G2) and G1 tan θ were changed. The evaluation was derived by a CAE (Computer Aided Engineering) analysis using a finite element method.
G (G1+G2) of Examples A1-A4 is 0.077, G (G1+G2) of Examples B1-B5 is 0.052, G (G1+G2) of Examples C1-C5 is 0.033, and G (G1+G2) of Examples D1-D4 is 0.027. In each of groups of Examples A1-A4, B1-B5, C1-C5 and D1-D4, the value of G1 tan θ is changed. Note that the thickness of the press-fit terminal 20 is 0.8 mm, and the diameter ϕ of the through hole 13 is 1.45 mm.
Evaluation results are shown in
Further, it is understood that the insertion force, the holding force and the contact area can be balanced at an even higher level in the case of Examples B1, B2, B3, C3, C4 and C5 in which G (G1+G2) is 0.030 or more and 0.060 or less and G1 tan θ is 0.0028 or more and 0.0060 or less. For example, it can be understood the insertion force of 100.1 N or less, the holding force of 43.4 N or more and the contact area of 1.01 mm2 can be realized.
Note that the respective components described in the above embodiment and each modification can be appropriately combined as long as these do not contradict each other.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2020-169734 | Oct 2020 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2021/028697 | 8/3/2021 | WO |
