The present invention relates to a press forming tool (tools of press forming) and a press forming method applicable to press forming of a part such as an automotive part from a metal sheet, and particularly relates to a press forming tool and a method of press forming applicable to formation of a press forming part including a top portion having a convex and concave part in an in-plane direction; and a flange portion continuously formed from the top portion.
In recent years, in order to achieve weight reduction of automotive body due to environmental problems, high-strength steel sheets have been frequently used for automotive parts. However, a high-strength steel sheet is poor in elongation as compared with a steel sheet having low strength and thus tends to cause fracture during material processing. In addition, when a high-strength steel sheet is used, thinning of the sheet is also performed at the same time for further weight reduction, leading to a problem of high likelihood of occurrence of buckling of the steel sheet and occurrence of wrinkles during press forming. Therefore, development of a method of press forming for suppressing fracture and wrinkles is strongly required.
For example, Patent Literature 1 discloses a method of press forming that uses a wrinkle suppression pad (blank holder) driven separately from a punch and dies for press (dies) and makes it possible to manufacture an automotive part which is likely to cause wrinkles and stretch flange fractures inside a product with no forming defectiveness. The method disclosed in Patent Literature 1 is considered to be able to manufacture an automotive part that is likely to cause wrinkles and fractures inside a product without forming defectiveness.
However, the method of press forming disclosed in Patent Literature 1 is a method that needs to hold down the inside of the product away from the flange using a wrinkle suppression pad (blank holder). Therefore, the method has a problem that the technique cannot be applied to a shape having occurrence of wrinkles or fractures in the flange portion itself.
The present invention has been made in view of the above problem, and aims to provide a press forming tool and a method of press forming applicable to a press forming part having an occurrence of wrinkles and fractures in a flange itself and capable of simultaneously suppressing the wrinkles and fractures occurring the flange.
A press forming tool according to the present invention for forming a press forming part, the press forming part including: a top portion having a convex and concave outer edge part in which a convex outer edge part protruding outward in an in-plane direction and a concave outer edge part recessed inward in the in-plane direction are continuous to each other via a connecting outer edge part; and a flange portion continuously formed in the convex and concave outer edge part of the top portion, includes: an upper die and a lower die to be used for bend-forming of the flange portion along the convex and concave outer edge part; and a lower pad and an upper pad configured to sandwich a blank in cooperation with the upper die and the lower die, wherein the upper die includes: a convex outer edge flange forming portion configured to form the flange portion in the convex outer edge part; a concave outer edge flange forming portion configured to form the flange portion in the concave outer edge part; and a connecting outer edge flange forming portion configured to form the flange portion in the connecting outer edge part, the convex outer edge flange forming portion protruding in a press forming direction from the concave outer edge flange forming portion, with the connecting outer edge flange forming portion inclined from the convex outer edge flange forming portion toward the concave outer edge flange forming portion, the lower pad has a shape corresponding to each of the convex outer edge flange forming portion, the concave outer edge flange forming portion, and the connecting outer edge flange forming portion formed in the upper die, and press forming is performed such that during an initial stage of forming, the flange portion is formed on the convex outer edge part by the convex outer edge flange forming portion, and a torsional shape portion having a torsional shape toward the concave outer edge part is formed continuously from the flange portion by the connecting outer edge flange forming portion, and during a late stage of forming, the torsional shape portion is formed into the flange portion by the connecting outer edge flange forming portion, and the flange portion is formed in the concave outer edge part by the concave outer edge flange forming portion so as to achieve formation of a target shape.
A method of press forming according to the present invention for forming a press forming part by using the press forming tool according to the present invention, the press forming part including: a top portion having a convex and concave outer edge part in which a convex outer edge part protruding outward in an in-plane direction and a concave outer edge part recessed inward in the in-plane direction are continuous to each other via a connecting outer edge part; and a flange portion continuously formed on the convex and concave outer edge part of the top portion, includes: an initial forming step of forming the flange portion in the convex outer edge part by the convex outer edge flange forming portion and forming a torsional shape portion having a torsional shape toward the concave outer edge part by the connecting outer edge flange forming portion so as to be continuous from the flange portion, by moving the upper die in a press forming direction in a state where a part of a blank is sandwiched by the upper pad and the lower die and a part of the blank is supported by the lower pad; and a late forming step of moving the upper die and the lower pad in the press forming direction to form the torsional shape portion into the flange portion by the connecting outer edge flange forming portion and to form the flange portion in the concave outer edge part by the concave outer edge flange forming portion so as to achieve formation of a target shape.
The press forming tool of the present invention is applicable to a press forming part having an occurrence of wrinkles and fractures in a flange itself and is capable of simultaneously suppressing wrinkles and fractures occurring in the flange. In addition, it is possible to press forming using dies by a single action with a movement in a single direction, and leading to achievement of press forming with high efficiency.
Prior to the description of the press forming tool and the method of press forming according to the present embodiment, an example of a press forming part to be formed in the present invention will be described with reference to
When such a press forming part 1 is formed by a conventional method of press forming, the flange portion 5 formed in the convex outer edge part 11a subjected to shrink flange forming (portion a circled by a broken line in the drawing), and wrinkles are likely to occur due to the excess metal. On the other hand, the flange portion 5 formed in the concave outer edge part 11b is subjected to stretch flange forming (portion b circled by a broken line in the drawing), and is likely to have fractures due to a material shortage.
A mechanism of occurrence of the wrinkles and the fractures will be described with reference to
In order to solve such a problem, the inventors have considered that interposing a preformed part, which facilitates inflow of a material from a portion where shrink flange forming occurs to a portion where stretch flange forming occurs, in the middle of forming will enable avoidance of concentration of compressive strain and tensile strain in each of the portions, and have devised a press forming tool that can achieve this method of press forming. Specifically, the press forming tool has the following configuration.
As illustrated in
The upper die 15 includes: a convex outer edge flange forming portion 15a that forms the flange portion 5 the convex outer edge part 11a; a concave outer edge flange forming portion 15b that forms the flange portion 5 in the concave outer edge part 11b; and a connecting outer edge flange forming portion 15c that forms the flange portion 5 in the connecting outer edge part 11c (refer to
The lower pad 21 has a shape corresponding to each of the convex outer edge flange forming portion 15a, the concave of edge flange forming portion 15b, and the connecting outer edge flange forming portion 15c formed in the upper die 15. That is, a portion of the lower pad 21 corresponding to the convex outer edge flange forming portion 15a of the upper die 15 (the portion also referred to as a lower pad convex outer edge flange forming portion 21a) is more recessed in the press forming direction compared with a portion corresponding to the concave outer edge flange forming portion 15b of the upper die 15 (the portion also referred to as a lower pad concave outer edge flange forming portion 21b). Moreover, a portion corresponding to the connecting outer edge flange forming portion 15c of the upper die 15 (the portion also referred to as a lower pad connecting outer edge flange forming portion 21c) is inclined from the lower pad concave outer edge flange forming portion 21b toward the lower pad convex outer edge flange forming portion 21a (refer to
Next, a method of forming the slide door rail member illustrated in
In the forming preparation step S1, as illustrated in
In the initial forming step S3, as illustrated in
In the initial forming step S3, the flange portion 5 is formed in the convex outer edge part 11a of the top portion 3, but since the concave outer edge part 11b is supported by the lower pad concave outer edge flange forming portion 21b, the flange portion 5 is not formed in the concave outer edge part 11b of the top portion 3. Therefore, instead of the flange portion 5, the torsional shape portion 25 is formed on the connecting outer edge part 11c ranging from the convex outer edge part 11a to the concave outer edge part 11b. As illustrated in
A mechanism of occurrence of the material flow will be described with reference to
Due to the shrink flange forming, the distance from point B′ to point D′ is shorter than the distance from point B to point D (B′D′<BD), and thus, wrinkles are likely to occur in the flange portion 5 formed in the convex outer edge part 11c due to the excess metal. On the other hand, since the distance from point A to point B′ is longer than the distance from point A to point B (AB′>AB) in a three-dimensional view, the material is pulled toward point A and flows while deviating from “substantially perpendicular to the ridge line”. Therefore, the material flow indicated by the arrow in
In the late forming step S5, as illustrated in
A mechanism of occurrence of the material flow will be described with reference to
In addition, points A to E and points A′ to E′ in the drawing are the same as those illustrated in
As described above, with the press forming tool 13 of the present embodiment, it is possible to form, during the initial stage of forming, the flange portion 5 in the convex outer edge part 11a by the convex outer edge flange forming portion 15a and form the torsional shape portion 25 having a torsional shape toward the concave outer edge part 11b continuously from the flange portion 5 by the connecting outer edge flange forming portion 15c, and possible to form, during the late stage of forming, the torsional shape portion 25 into the flange portion 5 by the connecting outer edge flange forming portion 15c and form the flange portion 5 in the concave outer edge part 11b by the concave outer edge flange forming portion 15b, achieving formation of the target shape. With this configuration, the torsional shape portion 25 that promotes the material flow to the portion side occurrence of the stretch flange forming is formed by first forming only the portion of occurrence of the shrink flange forming during the initial stage of forming, and target shape can be formed by suppressing the material shortage due to the stretch flange forming by the material flow from the torsional shape portion 25 by forming the portion of occurrence of the stretch flange forming during the late stage of forming.
In this manner, by dispersing the strain or a dangerous portion where the stretch flange fracture occurs and a dangerous portion where the shrink flange wrinkles occur, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of wrinkles due to shrink flange forming in the initial forming step S3, suppress occurrence of fractures due to the stretch flange forming in the late forming step S5, and suppress the occurrence of wrinkles and fractures throughout all the steps. In addition, it is possible to press forming using dies by a single action with a movement in a single direction, and leading to achievement of press forming with high efficiency.
In order to confirm the effect of the present invention, press forming was performed with an example of a slide door rail member as illustrated in
In the case of Comparative Example, wrinkles occurred in portion a and fractures occurred in portion b illustrated in
According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a press forming tool and a method of press forming applicable to a press forming part having an occurrence of wrinkles and fractures in a flange itself and capable of simultaneously suppressing the wrinkles and fractures occurring in the flange.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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2020-090158 | May 2020 | JP | national |
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
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PCT/JP2021/014848 | 4/8/2021 | WO |
Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
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WO2021/241025 | 12/2/2021 | WO | A |
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