Claims
- 1. A pressure-driven cylinder having a housing which includes therein a piston with a piston face, which piston slides between a pair of opposed side end walls that form a sealed piston chamber, inlet and outlet ports in the chamber located on opposite sides of said piston in order to selectively deliver and/or exhaust from the chamber's interior a pressurized piston-driving fluid, a rod operatively connected to one side of said piston and sealably extending outside said cylinder housing to do external work, said pressure-driven cylinder comprising:
- a slidable part of at least one of said chamber side end walls integrally connected to and axially spaced away from said piston face by an integral physical connection point on said piston face;
- said connection point being much smaller in area than the piston's pressure face and also having an area that is less than the cross-sectional area of the slidable part of the end wall;
- said slidable part of the end wall of said chamber having a cross-sectional area smaller than the pressure area of the piston and acting as an integral piston follower;
- said follower itself having a volume-occupying body selected to reduce the amount of fluid during reciprocation, as a single integral unit, of the piston, piston follower and connection point all sliding together inside the chamber; and
- means slidably sealing the piston follower in the cylinder housing so that the follower body may slide into the piston chamber as said single unit slides in response to pressure applied at said pressure inlet port of said chamber.
- 2. A pressure-driven cylinder in accordance with claim 1 wherein said end wall is an extension of said cylinder housing and said cylinder further comprises:
- ring seals as said sealing means for the piston follower so that the pressurized driving fluid remains in the piston chamber alone as said follower slides into the chamber and reduces the chamber volume.
- 3. A pressure-driven cylinder in accordance with claim 1 wherein an annular channel is provided in said face of said piston as an additional fluid depth for the driving fluid.
- 4. A pressure-driven cylinder according to claim 1 with the integral connection point of a smaller diameter than the diameter of the piston follower, said cylinder further comprising:
- a stem part extending between said piston face and said slidable part of said end wall for integrally connecting said piston and follower together as a single sliding unit.
- 5. A pressure-driven cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the means for connecting the piston with said slidable part of the end wall further comprises:
- a flexible connection extending between said piston face and said end wall follower for integrally connecting said piston and follower together as a single sliding unit.
- 6. A pressure-driven cylinder according to claim 3 wherein said driving fluid is hydraulic and said annular channel is further defined as having a surface comprising:
- an inner peripheral surface of the annular channel which extends radially outward and spaced from said end wall follower to thereby define an annular port whereby the hydraulic fluid acts against substantially the entire face of said piston.
- 7. A pressure-driven cylinder having a housing which includes therein a piston with a double-sided piston face, which piston slides between a pair of opposed side-end walls that form a sealed piston chamber in the housing, inlet and outlet ports in the chamber located on opposite sides of said piston in order to selectively deliver and/or exhaust from the chamber's interior a pressurized piston-driving fluid, said pressure-driven cylinder comprising:
- a slidable part of each one of said pair of chamber end walls integrally connected to and axially spaced away from each side of said piston by a pair of integral physical connection points of much smaller area than the piston's pressure face and also having an area smaller than the slidable part of the side end wall;
- said connection point being much smaller in area than the piston's pressure face and also having an area that is less than the cross-sectional area of the slidable part of the end wall;
- each slidable part of the end wall of said chamber acting as an integral double-sided piston follower, with each follower having an end remote from the connection point;
- said double-sided follower itself having a volume-occupying body selected to reduce the amount of fluid during reciprocation of the piston as the piston, double-sided piston follower and double-sided connection point slide together as a single unit inside the chamber; and
- means slidably sealing the pair of slidable piston followers in the cylinder housing.
- 8. A pressure-driven cylinder in accordance with claim 7 and further having a rod sealably extending outside said cylinder housing to do external work, said cylinder further comprising:
- means connecting the rod to one of said piston followers at its remote end such that the rod is moved externally as the single unit piston and double-sided follower pair reciprocate in the chamber.
- 9. A pressure-driven cylinder in accordance with claim 7 and acting as a booster, which cylinder further comprises a booster pressure chamber located in one of the side end walls:
- a slidable ram connected to the remote end of said selected follower to be driven by said slidable single unit inside said booster pressure chamber;
- said ram having a smaller diameter than the piston to intensify the pressure of fluid in said booster pressure chamber when the ram slides inside the pressure chamber; and
- said booster pressure chamber having an intake port to receive fluid at low pressure and an outlet port for exhausting fluid at a high pressure from said booster pressure chamber.
- 10. A pressure-driven cylinder in accordance with claim 7 wherein each of said followers are slidably mounted in a pair of pockets, with one pocket each located in one side end wall, said housing being defined by a hollow cylindrical tube forming a chamber by use of an end cap and a head cap secured to said cylindrical housing tube by tie rods, said cylinder further comprising:
- a pair of pockets for slidably housing each of said followers, wherein one pocket is located in the head cap and one pocket is located in the end cap;
- each pocket in said caps having equal depths, with the depth into the caps being deeper than the stroke length and ending at a pocket bottom;
- said one follower acting as a ram for pressure intensification as it travels a stroke depth which is also equal to the depth of the booster pressure chamber for that follower;
- the depth of the booster pressure chamber is defined by the stroke length as measured from the pocket bottom to the point of the remote end of the selected follower when the piston is at its full retracting position; and
- said pocket having an intake port to receive fluid at low pressure and an outlet port for exhausting fluid at a high pressure from said booster pressure chamber.
- 11. A pressure-driven cylinder in accordance with claim 7, which cylinder further comprises;
- a tubular extension at the remote end of said one selected follower having a pin across the extension secured by two holes recessed into the wall of said tubular extension;
- a connecting rod having a first and second end;
- a crankshaft adapted for rotation;
- said pin forming a pivot means connecting the first end of said connecting rod to said follower and the second end of said rod to said crankshaft in order for translating the linear movement of said pressure driven cylinder to a rotary movement of said crankshaft.
- 12. A pressure-driven cylinder in accordance with claim 11, which cylinder is in a hydraulic circuit interconnected with a pressure-driven booster and further comprises;
- said booster and hydraulic cylinder forms a first assembly for applying a half turn on said crankshaft;
- another similar booster and similar hydraulic cylinder forms a second assembly for applying another succeeding half turn on said crankshaft;
- in both said first and second assemblies the volume of the booster pressure chamber is equal to the volume of the cylinder chamber, where fluid exhausted entirely from the booster pressure chamber after a complete advancing stroke will fill entirely the cylinder piston chamber;
- a four-way control valve controlling both first and second crankshaft-turning assemblies;
- which control valve has first and second control positions;
- a solenoid operable to effect either one of said positions;
- a two-way valve to establish a filling procedure prior to operation of any of such said positions; and
- hydraulic supply means for circulating hydraulic fluid to said two assemblies under control of said valves such that the crankshaft is turned through complete revolutions.
- 13. A pressure-driven cylinder in accordance with claim 11 wherein said cylinder is a first cylinder in a first housing and said first cylinder housing is joined to a booster housing to form a unitary housing unit, and said unitary housing unit further comprises:
- a distribution chamber formed in equal recesses between the first and second housings at the flanged part thereof;
- an outlet port for communicating fluid from the booster pressure chamber to said distribution chamber; and
- an inlet port for communicating fluid from said distribution chamber to the piston chamber of said first cylinder.
- 14. A pressure-driven cylinder in accordance with claim 11 wherein said cylinder is a first cylinder in a first housing and said first cylinder housing is joined to a booster housing to form a unitary housing unit, and said unitary housing unit further comprises:
- volume of the booster pressure chamber is equal to the volume of the piston chamber, where fluid exhausted entirely from the booster chamber after a complete advancing stroke will fill entirely the piston chamber and advances the piston of said first cylinder one complete advancing stroke.
- 15. A pressure-driven cylinder in accordance with claim 11 wherein said cylinder is a first cylinder in a first housing and said first cylinder housing is joined to a booster housing by a center cap that is cap that is shared in common by both said cylinder and said booster, and said common center cap further comprises:
- an outlet port communicating fluid from the booster pressure chamber to said inlet port for the piston chamber of said first cylinder.
- 16. A pressure-driven cylinder in accordance with claim 11 wherein said cylinder is a first cylinder in a first housing and said first housing is joined to another second cylinder housing by flanges, said second housing comprising two or more booster cylinders in one integral unit, and further comprising:
- a distribution chamber formed between each one of said two or more booster housings with;
- an outlet port from the first booster pressure chamber for communicating fluid from the first booster pressure chamber to a first distribution chamber;
- an inlet port connecting said first distribution chamber to the inlet side of a second booster chamber, and said port connections being repeated for each succeeding booster in the integral unit;
- the volume of the first booster pressure chamber is equal to the volume of the second booster chamber, where fluid exhausted entirely from the first booster pressure chamber after a complete advancing stroke will fill entirely the second booster piston chamber and advances the piston of said second booster one complete advancing stroke;
- the volume of second booster pressure chamber is equal to the volume of the first cylinder piston chamber where fluid exhausted entirely from the second booster pressure after a complete advancing stroke will fill entirely the first cylinder's piston chamber advancing its piston of said first cylinder one complete advancing stroke; and
- an inlet port interconnecting the second booster into said first hydraulic cylinder.
- 17. A pressure-driven cylinder in accordance with claim 11 and further comprising:
- rotatable connections at each end of said connecting rod of each cylinder for translating reciprocating piston movement of such cylinders into a rotary movement outside such cylinder(s);
- means slidably sealing the pair of slidable pistons followers in the cylinder housing so that the follower pair may slide into and out of the piston chamber as the piston slides in response to fluid pressure at an inlet port;
- at least one selected one of certain followers of such cylinders having a tubular extension at the remote end of said one selected follower having a pin across the extension secured by two holes recessed into the wall of said tubular extension;
- a connecting rod having a first and second end;
- a crankshaft adapted for rotation;
- said pin forming a pivot means connecting the first end of said connecting rod to said follower and the second end of said rod to said crankshaft in order for translating the linear movement of said pressure driven cylinder to a rotary movement of said crankshaft.
- 18. A pressure-driven cylinder having a housing which includes therein a piston with a double-sided piston face, which piston slides between a pair of opposed side-end walls that form a sealed piston chamber in the housing, inlet and outlet ports in the chamber located on opposite sides of said piston in order to selectively deliver and/or exhaust from the chamber's interior a pressurized piston-driving fluid, said pressure-driven cylinder comprising:
- a slidable part of each one of said pair of chamber end walls integrally connected to and axially spaced away from each side of said piston by a pair of integral physical connection points of much smaller area than the piston's pressure face and the slidable part of the side end wall;
- said slidable end wall parts of said chamber forming a leading surface of an opposed pair of integral piston followers, with one follower each located on each side of said piston and having a predetermined impervious surface area that includes the surface area of the slidable end wall part of the chamber;
- means slidably sealing the pair of slidable piston followers in the cylinder housing so that the follower pair may slide into and out of the piston chamber as the piston slides in response to fluid pressure at an inlet port;
- a tubular extension at the remote end of said one selected follower having a pin across the extension secured by two holes recessed into the wall of said tubular extension;
- a connecting rod having a first and second end;
- a crankshaft adapted for rotation;
- said pin forming a pivot means connecting the first end of said connecting rod to said follower and the second end of said rod to said crankshaft in order for translating the linear movement of said pressure driven cylinder to a rotary movement of said crankshaft.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present application is a continuation-in-part of an application having Ser. No. 08/538,567 filed Oct. 3, 1995 now abandoned by the same inventor.
US Referenced Citations (3)
Non-Patent Literature Citations (1)
Entry |
Boosters by Miller Fluid Power. |
Continuation in Parts (1)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
538567 |
Oct 1995 |
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