Patent Application
20230088937
The present disclosure relates generally to heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems and more particularly, but not by way of limitation, to control systems and methods for preventing evaporator coil freeze during re-heat dehumidification.
HVAC systems are used to regulate environmental conditions within an enclosed space. Typically, HVAC systems have a circulation fan that pulls air from the enclosed space through ducts and pushes the air back into the enclosed space through additional ducts after conditioning the air (e.g., heating, cooling, humidifying, or dehumidifying the air). To direct operation of the circulation fan and other components, HVAC systems include a controller. In addition to directing operation of the HVAC system, the controller may be used to monitor various components, (i.e. equipment) of the HVAC system to determine if the components are functioning properly.
A system of one or more computers can be configured to perform particular operations or actions by virtue of having software, firmware, hardware, or a combination of them installed on the system that in operation causes or cause the system to perform the actions. One or more computer programs can be configured to perform particular operations or actions by virtue of including instructions that, when executed by data processing apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform the actions.
In an embodiment, one general aspect includes a method of preventing evaporator coil freeze in a heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system. The method includes determining a reference saturated suction temperate (SST) via a sensor disposed in relation to an evaporator coil in the HVAC system, where the HVAC system is operating in reheat dehumidification mode. The method also includes determining whether the reference SST is below a minimum SST threshold. The method also includes, responsive to a determination that the reference SST is below the minimum SST threshold, determining a decreased compressor speed. The method also includes modulating a variable-speed compressor in the HVAC system in correspondence to the decreased compressor speed. Other embodiments of this aspect include corresponding computer systems, apparatus, and computer programs recorded on one or more computer storage devices, each configured to perform the actions of the method.
In an embodiment, another general aspect includes a heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system. The HVAC system includes an evaporator coil, a re-heat coil, a condenser coil and a sensor disposed in relation to the evaporator coil. The HVAC system also includes a compressor fluidly coupled to the condenser coil, the evaporator coil and the re-heat coil. The HVAC system also includes a controller operatively coupled to the compressor, where the controller is operable to perform a method. The method includes determining a reference saturated suction temperate (SST) via a sensor disposed in relation to an evaporator coil in the HVAC system, where the HVAC system is operating in reheat dehumidification mode. The method also includes determining whether the reference SST is below a minimum SST threshold. The method also includes, responsive to a determination that the reference SST is below the minimum SST threshold, determining a decreased compressor speed. The method also includes modulating a variable-speed compressor in the HVAC system in correspondence to the decreased compressor speed.
In an embodiment, another general aspect includes a computer-program product that further includes a non-transitory computer-usable medium having computer-readable program code embodied therein. The computer-readable program code is adapted to be executed to implement a method. The method includes determining a reference saturated suction temperate (SST) via a sensor disposed in relation to an evaporator coil in the HVAC system, where the HVAC system is operating in reheat dehumidification mode. The method also includes determining whether the reference SST is below a minimum SST threshold. The method also includes, responsive to a determination that the reference SST is below the minimum SST threshold, determining a decreased compressor speed. The method also includes modulating a variable-speed compressor in the HVAC system in correspondence to the decreased compressor speed.
For a more complete understanding of the present invention and for further objects and advantages thereof, reference may now be had to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
Various embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. The invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
HVAC systems are frequently utilized to adjust both temperature of conditioned air as well as relative humidity of the conditioned air. A cooling capacity of an HVAC system is a combination of the HVAC system's sensible cooling capacity and latent cooling capacity. Sensible cooling capacity refers to an ability of the HVAC system to remove sensible heat from conditioned air. Latent cooling capacity refers to an ability of the HVAC system to remove latent heat from conditioned air. In a typical embodiment, sensible cooling capacity and latent cooling capacity vary with environmental conditions. Sensible heat refers to heat that, when added to or removed from the conditioned air, results in a temperature change of the conditioned air. Latent heat refers to heat that, when added to or removed from the conditioned air, results in a phase change of, for example, water within the conditioned air. Sensible-to-total ratio (“S/T ratio”) is a ratio of sensible heat to total heat (sensible heat+latent heat). The lower the S/T ratio, the higher the latent cooling capacity of the HVAC system for given environmental conditions.
Sensible cooling load refers to an amount of heat that must be removed from the enclosed space to accomplish a desired temperature change of the air within the enclosed space. The sensible cooling load is reflected by a temperature within the enclosed space as read, for example, on a dry-bulb thermometer. Latent cooling load refers to an amount of heat that must be removed from the enclosed space to accomplish a desired change in humidity of the air within the enclosed space. The latent cooling load is reflected by a temperature within the enclosed space as read, for example, on a wet-bulb thermometer. Setpoint or temperature setpoint refers to a target temperature setting of the HVAC system as set by a user or automatically based on a pre-defined schedule. Discharge air temperature (DAT) refers to a temperature of air leaving an evaporator coil. Typically, DAT is maintained at a constant pre-set level. DAT varies with indoor dry-bulb air temperature, indoor wet-bulb air temperature, indoor air flow rate, cooling capacity of the HVAC system, and other design parameters.
When there is a high sensible cooling load such as, for example, when outside-air temperature is significantly warmer than an inside-air temperature setpoint, the HVAC system will continue to operate in an effort to effectively cool and dehumidify the conditioned air. Such operation is commonly referred to as “cooling mode.” When there is a low sensible cooling load but high relative humidity such as, for example, when the outside air temperature is relatively close to the inside air temperature setpoint, but the outside air is considerably more humid than the inside air, additional steps must be undertaken to increase the moisture-removal capability of the HVAC system to avoid occupant discomfort.
One approach to air dehumidification involves lowering the temperature setpoint of the HVAC system. This approach causes the HVAC system to operate for longer periods of time than if the temperature setpoint of the HVAC system were set to a higher temperature. This approach serves to reduce both the temperature and humidity of the conditioned air. However, this approach results in over-cooling of the conditioned air, which over-cooling often results in occupant discomfort.
Another air dehumidification approach involves re-heating of air leaving an evaporator coil. This approach typically involves directing refrigerant from the compressor to a re-heat coil positioned adjacent to the evaporator coil. The re-heat coil transfers some heat energy from the refrigerant to the air leaving the evaporator thereby raising the temperature of air leaving the evaporator and lowering the temperature of the refrigerant before the refrigerant moves to the condenser. Such operation is commonly referred to as “re-heat dehumidification mode.”
While re-heat dehumidification mode can improve occupant comfort as compared to lowering the temperate setpoint, it presents challenges with respect to saturation suction temperature. Saturation suction temperature (SST) refers to saturated refrigerant temperature at suction pressure leaving an evaporator, or any measurement used as a proxy for such temperature. If the SST approaches a freezing point of the refrigerant, frost will begin to form on the evaporator coil. This situation is often referred to as evaporator coil freeze. Evaporator coil freeze causes an increased risk of damage to the evaporator coil and other components of the HVAC system. This problem can be particularly common in HVAC systems that include more than compressor, as the presence of multiple circuits in the evaporator coil, some of which are more downstream than others, can result in wide variation in SST throughout the evaporator coil.
The present disclosure recognizes that SST is not necessarily impacted the same way in re-heat dehumidification mode as it is in cooling mode. Table 1 below illustrates three example scenarios for an example HVAC system. In the first example scenario, the example HVAC system is in cooling mode with a refrigerant charge of 16 pounds. In the second example scenario, the example HVAC system is in re-heat dehumidification mode with the same refrigerant charge of 16 pounds. In the third example scenario, the example HVAC system is again in re-heat dehumidification mode but with a refrigerant charge of 20 pounds. For illustrative purposes, the refrigerant is assumed to be R-410A, although any number of other refrigerants could be substituted.
With reference to the first example scenario shown in Table 1, the example HVAC system performs appropriately in cooling mode with the refrigerant charge of 16 pounds. However, with reference to the second example scenario, the example HVAC system performs comparatively poorly in re-heat dehumidification mode with the same refrigerant charge of 16 pounds. More specifically, in the second example scenario, the example HVAC system exhibits lower latent capacity, higher superheat (i.e., 41° F. of superheat), and lower suction pressure. This lower suction pressure corresponds to an SST of approximately 34° F. and thus presents increased risk of evaporator coil freeze. However, in the third scenario, the example HVAC system performs appropriately in re-heat dehumidification mode with an additional four pounds of refrigerant.
The present disclosure recognizes that HVAC systems are often undercharged in accordance with the first and second example scenarios discussed above relative to Table 1, such that performance is acceptable in cooling mode but unacceptable in re-heat dehumidification mode. Due this factor and other factors, such as SST variance throughout multi-compressor systems, re-heat dehumidification mode can present a significant risk of evaporator coil freeze. Furthermore, since re-heat dehumidification mode operates by re-heating air leaving the evaporator coil, control methods based on DAT are typically ineffective when HVAC systems are operating in this mode.
The present disclosure describes examples of reducing a risk of evaporator coil freeze using control systems and methods that are effective, for example, in re-heat dehumidification mode. In various embodiments, a controller of an HVAC system monitors SST and causes a compressor speed of a variable-speed compressor to be algorithmically adjusted, or modulated, based, at least in part, on the SST. For example, the compressor speed can be algorithmically decreased as the SST falls beneath a configurable minimum temperature, or whenever the SST indicates a trend towards evaporator coil freeze. Afterwards, the compressor speed can be algorithmically increased towards its previous level as the SST moves toward or exceeds the configurable minimum temperature, or whenever the SST indicates a trend away from evaporator coil freeze. Examples will be described below with reference to the Drawings.
The HVAC system 100 includes a variable-speed circulation fan 110, a re-heat coil 120 associated with the variable-speed circulation fan 110, typically, and a refrigerant evaporator coil 130, also typically associated with the variable-speed circulation fan 110. The variable-speed circulation fan 110, the re-heat coil 120, and the refrigerant evaporator coil 130 are collectively referred to as an “indoor unit” 148. In a typical embodiment, the indoor unit 148 is located within, or in close proximity to, the enclosed space 101. The HVAC system 100 also includes a variable-speed compressor 140 and an associated condenser coil 142, which are typically referred to as an “outdoor unit” 144. In various embodiments, the outdoor unit 144 is, for example, a rooftop unit or a ground-level unit. The variable-speed compressor 140 and the associated condenser coil 142 are connected to an associated evaporator coil 130 by a refrigerant line 146. In a typical embodiment, the variable-speed compressor 140 is, for example, a single-stage compressor, a multi-stage compressor, a single-speed compressor, or a variable-speed compressor. The variable-speed circulation fan 110, sometimes referred to as a blower, is configured to operate at different capacities (i.e., variable motor speeds) to circulate air through the HVAC system 100, whereby the circulated air is conditioned and supplied to the enclosed space 101.
In various embodiments, as described in greater relative to
In embodiments in which the variable-speed compressor 140 is representative of multiple compressors, the evaporator coil 130 may include a plurality of evaporator circuits that are apportioned among the compressors according to a suitable circuiting arrangement, where each compressor operates off of the evaporator circuits apportioned thereto. For example, in various embodiments, the evaporator coil 130 may implement a row-split or intertwined circuiting arrangement. Although the variable-speed compressor 140 can be representative of multiple compressors as described above, for simplicity of description and illustration, the variable-speed compressor 140 will be illustrated and described singly.
Still referring to
The HVAC controller 150 may be an integrated controller or a distributed controller that directs operation of the HVAC system 100. In a typical embodiment, the HVAC controller 150 includes an interface to receive, for example, thermostat calls, temperature setpoints, blower control signals, environmental conditions, and operating mode status for various zones of the HVAC system 100. For example, in a typical embodiment, the environmental conditions may include indoor temperature and relative humidity of the enclosed space 101. In a typical embodiment, the HVAC controller 150 also includes a processor and a memory to direct operation of the HVAC system 100 including, for example, a speed of the variable-speed circulation fan 110.
Still referring to
In a typical embodiment, the HVAC system 100 is configured to communicate with a plurality of devices such as, for example, a communication device 155, a monitoring device 156, and the like. In a typical embodiment, the monitoring device 156 is not part of the HVAC system. For example, the monitoring device 156 is a server or computer of a third party such as, for example, a manufacturer, a support entity, a service provider, and the like. In other embodiments, the monitoring device 156 is located at an office of, for example, the manufacturer, the support entity, the service provider, and the like.
In a typical embodiment, the communication device 155 is a non-HVAC device having a primary function that is not associated with HVAC systems. For example, non-HVAC devices include mobile-computing devices that are configured to interact with the HVAC system 100 to monitor and modify at least some of the operating parameters of the HVAC system 100. Mobile computing devices may be, for example, a personal computer (e.g., desktop or laptop), a tablet computer, a mobile device (e.g., smart phone), and the like. In a typical embodiment, the communication device 155 includes at least one processor, memory and a user interface, such as a display. One skilled in the art will also understand that the communication device 155 disclosed herein includes other components that are typically included in such devices including, for example, a power supply, a communications interface, and the like.
The zone controller 180 is configured to manage movement of conditioned air to designated zones of the enclosed space 101. Each of the designated zones include at least one conditioning or demand unit such as, for example, the evaporator coil 130 and the re-heat coil 120 and at least one user interface 170 such as, for example, the thermostat. The zone-controlled HVAC system 100 allows the user to independently control the temperature in the designated zones. In a typical embodiment, the zone controller 180 operates electronic dampers 185 to control air flow to the zones of the enclosed space 101.
In some embodiments, a data bus 190, which in the illustrated embodiment is a serial bus, couples various components of the HVAC system 100 together such that data is communicated therebetween. In a typical embodiment, the data bus 190 may include, for example, any combination of hardware, software embedded in a computer readable medium, or encoded logic incorporated in hardware or otherwise stored (e.g., firmware) to couple components of the HVAC system 100 to each other. As an example and not by way of limitation, the data bus 190 may include an Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) or other graphics bus, a Controller Area Network (CAN) bus, a front-side bus (FSB), a HYPERTRANSPORT (HT) interconnect, an INFINIBAND interconnect, a low-pin-count (LPC) bus, a memory bus, a Micro Channel Architecture (MCA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, a PCI-Express (PCI-X) bus, a serial advanced technology attachment (SATA) bus, a Video Electronics Standards Association local (VLB) bus, or any other suitable bus or a combination of two or more of these. In various embodiments, the data bus 190 may include any number, type, or configuration of data buses 190, where appropriate. In particular embodiments, one or more data buses 190 (which may each include an address bus and a data bus) may couple the HVAC controller 150 to other components of the HVAC system 100. In other embodiments, connections between various components of the HVAC system 100 are wired. For example, conventional cable and contacts may be used to couple the HVAC controller 150 to the various components. In some embodiments, a wireless connection is employed to provide at least some of the connections between components of the HVAC system such as, for example, a connection between the HVAC controller 150 and the variable-speed circulation fan 110, the variable-speed compressor 140, or the plurality of environment sensors 160.
Still referring to
The low-pressure, low-temperature, super-heated vapor refrigerant is introduced into the compressor 140 via the suction line 204. In a typical embodiment, the compressor 140 increases the pressure of the low-pressure, low-temperature, super-heated vapor refrigerant and, by operation of the ideal gas law, also increases the temperature of the low-pressure, low-temperature, super-heated vapor refrigerant to form a high-pressure, high-temperature, superheated vapor refrigerant. The high-pressure, high-temperature, superheated vapor refrigerant enters a three-way valve 262 where at least a portion of the high-pressure, high-temperature, superheated vapor refrigerant is diverted into a re-heat feed line 264. The re-heat feed line 264 directs the high-pressure, high-temperature, superheated vapor refrigerant to a re-heat coil 266. In certain embodiments, the re-heat coil 266 is positioned adjacent to the evaporator coil 130. In some embodiments, the re-heat coil 266 can be positioned in a supply duct 256 downwind from the evaporator coil 130. The re-heat coil 266 facilitates transfer of a portion of the heat stored in the high-pressure, high-temperature, superheated vapor refrigerant to air moving through the supply duct 256 thereby heating the air in the supply duct 256. If the high-pressure, high-temperature, superheated vapor refrigerant is warmer, more heat can be transferred to the air in the supply duct 256 thereby causing a temperature of the air in the supply duct 256 to be closer to a temperature of air in a return duct 254. After leaving the re-heat coil 266, the high-pressure, high-temperature, superheated vapor refrigerant travels through a re-heat return line 270 and enters the condenser coil 142.
Outside air is circulated around the condenser coil 142 by a variable-speed condenser fan 210. The outside air is typically cooler than the high-pressure, high-temperature, superheated vapor refrigerant present in the condenser coil 142. Thus, heat is transferred from the high-pressure, high-temperature, superheated vapor refrigerant to the outside air. Removal of heat from the high-pressure, high-temperature, superheated vapor refrigerant causes the high-pressure, high-temperature, superheated vapor refrigerant to condense and change from a vapor state to a high-pressure, high-temperature, sub-cooled liquid state. The high-pressure, high-temperature, sub-cooled liquid refrigerant leaves the condenser coil 142 via the liquid line 208 and enters the metering device 202.
In the metering device 202, the pressure of the high-pressure, high-temperature, sub-cooled liquid refrigerant is abruptly reduced. In various embodiments where the metering device 202 is, for example, a thermostatic expansion valve, the metering device 202 reduces the pressure of the high-pressure, high-temperature, sub-cooled liquid refrigerant by regulating an amount of refrigerant that travels to the refrigerant evaporator coil 130. Abrupt reduction of the pressure of the high-pressure, high-temperature, sub-cooled liquid refrigerant causes sudden, rapid, evaporation of a portion of the high-pressure, high-temperature, sub-cooled liquid refrigerant, commonly known as flash evaporation. The flash evaporation lowers the temperature of the resulting liquid/vapor refrigerant mixture to a temperature lower than a temperature of the air in the enclosed space 101. The liquid/vapor refrigerant mixture leaves the metering device 202 and returns to the refrigerant evaporator coil 130.
Referring to
The first temperature sensor 250 and the second temperature sensor 252 transmit signals to the HVAC controller 150 corresponding to air temperature values in the return duct 254 and the supply duct 256, respectively. The signals transmitted by the first temperature sensor 250 and the second temperature sensor 252 are illustrated by arrows 257 and 259, respectively. The first temperature sensor 250 and the second temperature sensor 252 may communicate with the HVAC controller 150 via, for example, a wired connection or a wireless connection.
An SST sensor 232 is disposed within or in relation to the evaporator coil 130. In various embodiments, the SST sensor 232 may be, for example, a thermocouple, a thermometer, a pressure transducer, a thermostat, a thermistor, or any other appropriate sensor for measuring SST. The SST sensor 232 measures SST and transmits the SST to the HVAC controller 150. In some embodiments, the SST sensor 232 may be disposed on an exterior surface of the evaporator coil 130 thereby using an evaporator coil 130 surface temperature as a proxy measurement for the SST. Communication between the SST sensor 232 and the HVAC controller 150 is illustrated by arrow 234. In a typical embodiment, the SST sensor 232 continuously measures the SST; however, in other embodiments, the SST sensor 232 measures the SST at periodic time intervals such as, for example, every five seconds. In a typical embodiment, the SST sensor 232 is electrically coupled to the HVAC controller 150 via a wired connection; however, in other embodiments, the SST sensor 232 is connected to the HVAC controller 150 via a wireless connection. In certain embodiments in which the variable-speed compressor 140 is representative of multiple compressors, the SST sensor 232 can be representative of a plurality of such sensors. For example, a plurality of sensors similar to the SST sensor 232 may be positioned for measuring SST at different locations at or on the evaporator coil 130.
In various embodiments, the HVAC controller 150 can use the SST sensor 232 to modulate compressor speed, when deemed appropriate, to prevent evaporator coil freeze. In various embodiments, the HVAC controller 150 can monitor the SST sensor 232. When the SST is less than a minimum SST threshold, the HVAC controller can modulate the compressor speed in accordance with a configurable algorithm. Examples of modulating compressor speed in response to changes in SST will be described relative to
At block 402, the HVAC controller 150 monitors the SST sensor 232. As described previously, particularly with reference to
At block 404, the HVAC controller 150 determines a reference SST (SSTREF) via each SST sensor 232. In general, SSTREF can be any value deemed to represent SST for all or part of the evaporator coil 130. In various embodiments, SSTREF can be a result of an automated analysis or computation using SSTs transmitted by each SST sensor 232. For example, block 404 can involve the HVAC controller 150 determining a plurality of SSTs (e.g., a most recent SST for each SST sensor 232) and determining a minimum SST of the plurality of SSTs, where the minimum SST serves as SSTREF. In embodiments in which the SST sensor 232 represents only a single SST sensor, SSTREF can be the most recent SST provided by that single SST sensor.
At decision block 406, the HVAC controller 150 determines whether SSTREF is below a configurable minimum SST threshold (SSTThresh). In various embodiments, SSTThresh can be set to a value that is configurably above an applicable freezing point. In various examples in which the applicable freezing point is 32° F., SSTThresh may be set to 33° F., 34° F., 36° F., 38° F. or any other suitable temperature. If it is determined at decision block 406 that SSTREF is not below SST Thresh, the process 400 proceeds to block 412.
At block 412, the HVAC controller 150 continues to use, or shifts to, a previously established or standard compressor speed (CSSTD). CSSTD may correspond to a standard demand-based value that would otherwise be used, for example, in re-heat dehumidification mode in the absence of the process 400. In various cases, if, for example, the HVAC controller 150 had previously been using a modified compressor speed, block 412 can include modulating a speed of the variable-speed compressor 140 in correspondence to the standard demand-based value. From block 412, the process 400 returns to the block 402 and executes as described previously.
If it is determined at the decision block 406 that SSTREF is below SST Thresh, the process 400 proceeds to block 408. At block 408, the HVAC controller 150 determines a modified compressor speed (CSMOD) based on SSTREF. In some embodiments, CSMOD can vary with SSTREF between a minimum value (CSMIN) and CSSTD. In a typical embodiment, if SSTREF is decreasing and a current compressor speed is greater than CSMIN, block 408 will amount to decreasing the compressor speed. Conversely, in a typical embodiment, if SSTREF is increasing, although remaining below SSTThresh, block 408 will amount to increasing the compressor speed. In this fashion, the HVAC controller 150 can determine a modified compressor speed in each iteration through the block 408 in response to a then-existing SSTREF. At block 410, the HVAC controller 150 modulates a speed of the variable-speed compressor 140 in correspondence to CSMOD. After block 410, the process 400 returns to block 402 and executes as described previously. In various embodiments, the process 400 can continue to execute until terminated by a user or administrator or until other suitable stop criteria is satisfied.
Equation 1 below provides an example of how CSMOD may be determined, for example, during the block 408 of the process 400 of
Although an example of a linear function is provided above for simplicity of description, one skilled in the art will appreciate that CSMOD can also vary non-linearly with SSTREF between CSMIN and CSSTD. For example, CSMOD can be established using a polynomial function. Non-linear variation, such as by way of a polynomial function, can be advantageous to provide more significant and responsive change depending on a value of SSTREF. According to this example, in cases where compressor speed is being algorithmically decreased as described previously, relatively lower values of SSTREF (e.g., values close to an applicable freezing point) can result in a steeper decrease to CSMOD than relatively higher values according to a polynomial curve. Similarly, in cases where compressor speed is being algorithmically increased as described previously, relatively higher values of SSTREF (e.g., values closer to SSTThresh) can result in a steeper increase to CSMOD than relatively lower values according to the polynomial curve.
In some embodiments, a process for configurably modifying compressor speed, such as the process 400 of
For purposes of this patent application, the term computer-readable storage medium encompasses one or more tangible computer-readable storage media possessing structures. As an example and not by way of limitation, a computer-readable storage medium may include a semiconductor-based or other integrated circuit (IC) (such as, for example, a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or an application-specific IC (ASIC)), a hard disk, an HDD, a hybrid hard drive (HHD), an optical disc, an optical disc drive (ODD), a magneto-optical disc, a magneto-optical drive, a floppy disk, a floppy disk drive (FDD), magnetic tape, a holographic storage medium, a solid-state drive (SSD), a RAM-drive, a SECURE DIGITAL card, a SECURE DIGITAL drive, a flash memory card, a flash memory drive, or any other suitable tangible computer-readable storage medium or a combination of two or more of these, where appropriate.
Particular embodiments may include one or more computer-readable storage media implementing any suitable storage. In particular embodiments, a computer-readable storage medium implements one or more portions of the HVAC controller 150, one or more portions of the user interface 170, one or more portions of the zone controller 180, or a combination of these, where appropriate. In particular embodiments, a computer-readable storage medium implements RAM or ROM. In particular embodiments, a computer-readable storage medium implements volatile or persistent memory. In particular embodiments, one or more computer-readable storage media embody encoded software.
In this patent application, reference to encoded software may encompass one or more applications, bytecode, one or more computer programs, one or more executables, one or more instructions, logic, machine code, one or more scripts, or source code, and vice versa, where appropriate, that have been stored or encoded in a computer-readable storage medium. In particular embodiments, encoded software includes one or more application programming interfaces (APIs) stored or encoded in a computer-readable storage medium. Particular embodiments may use any suitable encoded software written or otherwise expressed in any suitable programming language or combination of programming languages stored or encoded in any suitable type or number of computer-readable storage media. In particular embodiments, encoded software may be expressed as source code or object code. In particular embodiments, encoded software is expressed in a higher-level programming language, such as, for example, C, Python, Java, or a suitable extension thereof. In particular embodiments, encoded software is expressed in a lower-level programming language, such as assembly language (or machine code). In particular embodiments, encoded software is expressed in JAVA. In particular embodiments, encoded software is expressed in Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML), Extensible Markup Language (XML), or other suitable markup language.
Depending on the embodiment, certain acts, events, or functions of any of the algorithms described herein can be performed in a different sequence, can be added, merged, or left out altogether (e.g., not all described acts or events are necessary for the practice of the algorithms). Moreover, in certain embodiments, acts or events can be performed concurrently, e.g., through multi-threaded processing, interrupt processing, or multiple processors or processor cores or on other parallel architectures, rather than sequentially. Although certain computer-implemented tasks are described as being performed by a particular entity, other embodiments are possible in which these tasks are performed by a different entity.
Conditional language used herein, such as, among others, “can,” “might,” “may,” “e.g.,” and the like, unless specifically stated otherwise, or otherwise understood within the context as used, is generally intended to convey that certain embodiments include, while other embodiments do not include, certain features, elements and/or states. Thus, such conditional language is not generally intended to imply that features, elements and/or states are in any way required for one or more embodiments or that one or more embodiments necessarily include logic for deciding, with or without author input or prompting, whether these features, elements and/or states are included or are to be performed in any particular embodiment.
While the above detailed description has shown, described, and pointed out novel features as applied to various embodiments, it will be understood that various omissions, substitutions, and changes in the form and details of the devices or algorithms illustrated can be made without departing from the spirit of the disclosure. As will be recognized, the processes described herein can be embodied within a form that does not provide all of the features and benefits set forth herein, as some features can be used or practiced separately from others. The scope of protection is defined by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description. All changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/181,174, filed on Feb. 22, 2021. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/181,174 is incorporated herein by reference.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 17181174 | Feb 2021 | US |
| Child | 17994523 | US |
