Patent Application
20210244956
The present invention relates to a primates dementia treatment apparatus and a driving method thereof and, more particularly, to a primates dementia treatment apparatus that performs cranial nerve stimulation treatment for various variants of the cerebral cortex of patents such as an Alzheimer's patient, and a driving method thereof.
Magnetic nerve stimulation has been improved in various ways since it was developed by Barker, et al. in the 1980s. Magnetic nerve stimulation introduces an electric field to a human body by using a magnetic field that varies with time, and has the advantage that it can stimulate a deep and wide area particularly in a non-contact type and non-invasive type, so it is recently actively studied even for brain diseases, nervous and muscular rehabilitation treatments, and urinary incontinence. Magnetic treatment using such magnetic treatment equipment is actively accessed and used in the rehabilitation field because it adjusts the excitement of a brain, and the stimulation effect can be achieved by measuring brain reaction at the stimulated positions, so the magnetic treatment is performed usually for motor areas where biological measurement is possible.
However, when a cranial nerve stimulation apparatus is used for a brain disease, dementia, and depression, the apparatus stimulates only a motor cortex regardless of the conditions of the brain diseases, so pathophysiologic characteristics are not considered, and particularly, prudence is required for brain diseases, and reactivity, plasticity, and connectivity of a demential cortex. In particular, this treatment influences initial brain atrophy in Alzheimer's patients and the distance intensity of a magnetic coil, so overactivity of a cortex and a volume of cerebrospinal fluid increased by brain atrophy changes the characteristics of brain tissues and the current induced in the magnetic stimulation device has an adverse influence.
Further, a stimulated portion biochemically and metabolically invades areas other than the motor cortex and a change in the motor cortex area causes problems later. In other words, when magnetic stimulation is used for dementia, only a motor cortex is stimulated regardless of the progression state of the disease, so there is a high possibility that the initial pathophysiologic characteristics are not considered in the progression, and accordingly, there is a problem that it is impossible to know the state of portions except for the motor cortex.
Further, variations of motor areas that use a functional magnetic resonance image before and after stimulation through motor leaning for measuring the result on a nerve system by a stimulation effect in a patient with cerebral infraction may cause plastic variations.
(Patent Document 1) Korean Patent No. 10-0936914 (2010 Jan. 7)
(Patent Document 2) Korean Utility Model No. 20-0428468 (2006 Oct. 2)
(Patent Document 3) Korean Patent No. 10-0924984 (2009 Oct. 28)
(Patent Document 4) Korean Patent No. 10-1733104 (2017 Apr. 27)
An objective of the present invention is to provide a primates dementia treatment apparatus that performs cranial nerve stimulation treatment for various variants of the cerebral cortex of patents such as an Alzheimer's patent, and a driving method thereof.
A primates dementia treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a sensing unit including sensors that sense a cerebral state and a nerve conduction state of a cerebral cortex; a stimulation pulse output unit outputting a stimulation treatment pulse suitable for a cerebral cortex varied by a disease; and a controller controlling the stimulation pulse output unit to generate and output a stimulation treatment pulse customized for each user to be suitable for a form of a cerebral cortex varied by a disease in accordance with a result of real-time checking the cerebral state on the basis of sensing data of the sensing unit.
The controller may check a form of a cerebral cortex and a disease progression state as the cerebral state and the nerve conduction state on the basis of the sensing data.
The sensing unit may include an electroencephalogram (EEG) sensor that senses the cerebral state and an electromyography (EMG) sensor that senses the nerve conduction state.
The stimulation pulse output unit may include a DC superposition network that superposes and delays the stimulation treatment pulse to fit to a depth and an area of a cerebral cortex of each user in order for treatment according to a reduction of a brain size.
The stimulation pulse output unit may further include a stimulation coil unit that discharges the stimulation treatment pulse of the DC superposition network under the control of the controller.
A method of driving a primates dementia treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: sensing a cerebral state and a nerve conduction state of a cerebral cortex by means of a sensing unit; outputting a stimulation treatment pulse suitable for a cerebral cortex varied by a disease by means of a stimulation pulse output unit; and controlling the stimulation pulse output unit to generate and output a stimulation treatment pulse customized for each user to be suitable for a form of a cerebral cortex varied by a disease in accordance with a result of real-time checking the cerebral state on the basis of sensing data of the sensing unit by means of a controller.
The controlling may include checking a form of a cerebral cortex and a disease progression state as the cerebral state and the nerve conduction state on the basis of the sensing data.
The sensing may sense the cerebral state using an electroencephalogram (EEG) sensor and senses the nerve conduction state using an electromyography (EMG) sensor.
The outputting of a stimulation treatment pulse may include superposing and delaying the stimulation treatment pulse to fit to a depth and an area of a cerebral cortex of each user in order for treatment according to a reduction of a brain size, using a DC superposition network of the stimulation pulse output unit.
The outputting of a stimulation treatment pulse may discharge the stimulation treatment pulse of the DC superposition network under the control of the controller, using a stimulation coil unit of the stimulation pulse output unit.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the volume of cerebrospinal fluid increased by brain atrophy can treat cranial nerve stimulation according to a change in characteristic of a brain tissue such that areas except for the motor cortex are not biochemically and metabolically invaded.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to achieve an integrated apparatus that operates and connects in real time an EEG sensor and a cranial nerve stimulation apparatus that can stimulate only a target cortex and accurately reflects pathophysiologic characteristics by achieving a customized treatment pulse in accordance with the form of a cerebral cortex and a disease progression state, using a cranial nerve stimulation apparatus for a brain disease and dementia.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a cranial nerve stimulation apparatus is configured to operate with a cell phone, a computer, a web, etc. by fundamentally introducing monitoring to monitor a disease in real time using peripheral-central Bluetooth for radio communication, and a sensor and a stimulation coil can be added depending on necessity of wire-wireless communication, whereby it is possible to achieve accurate and intense treatment by backing up treatment data.
The above and other objects, features and other advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A representative characteristic of Alzheimer's dementia is cerebral cortex atrophy, so a cranial nerve stimulation apparatus using treatment pulses suitable for a varied cerebral cortex is proposed in
As shown in
The term ‘including some or all” means that the cranial nerve stimulation apparatus 90 is configured without some components such as the sound output unit 106 or some components such as the memory 130˜134 are included in other components such as the controller 107, and it is exemplified in the following description that all of them are included to help sufficiently understand the present invention.
The voltage unit 101˜105 can use voltage required for the cranial nerve stimulation apparatus or DC voltage of a battery by receiving and converting AC voltage into DC voltage. The voltage unit 101˜105 includes an adapter 101 for using common power, a charger 102 that performs even a built-in type charging function when it is used as a portable device, a power battery 103 for portable use, a charging port 104 that is controlled by the controller 107 such as a microprocessor, and a voltage monitoring unit 105 that performs a voltage monitoring function that is controlled by the microprocessor. The voltage monitoring unit 105 can measure a remaining voltage of the battery 103.
The sound output unit 106 includes a speaker and outputs a sound to the outside.
The controller 107 includes a microprocessor such as a CPU or an MPU, as shown in
The sensor unit 108, 109 includes a first sensor unit 108 and a second sensor unit 109. The first sensor unit 108 may include an Electroencephalogram (EEG) sensor as a brain-muscle power input sensor as an option and the second sensor unit 109 includes an ElectroMyoGraphy (EMG) sensor, receives data from the microprocessor through the EEG sensor and the EMG sensor, and performs the followings. The EEG sensor is a brain wave sensor and determines a cranial nerve signal. On the other hand, the EMG sensor, which is an electromyograph sensor, measures action potential of muscles. Electromyography is a method of measuring a state change of a muscle by examining electrical activity of the muscle that is controlled by nerves and in which a fine current always flows.
The sensor driving unit (or a brain state measurer or a sensor driving module) 110˜115 includes some or all of a triac driving unit 110, a low-power laser treatment unit (LLLT) 111, an Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) 112, various sensor driving units 113, an SCR driver 114, and a driving control unit 115. The driving control unit 115 can individually control the triac driving unit 110, the low-power laser treatment unit 111, the IGBT 112, the various sensor driving units 113, and the SCR driver 114.
The communication unit 116, 117 may include a first communication unit 116 and a second communication unit 117. The first communication unit 116 is a wire communication port and the second communication unit 117 can perform a wireless communication port function.
The user interface 118˜121 includes a display view (or display) 118, a power button 119, a sensor button 120, and a start/stop button 120. A user can input power, start an operation, and stop an operation by selecting various buttons and the display view 118 is a display screen and can display various images or the operation state of a device.
The AC voltage generator 122˜128 may include some or all of a phase detector 122 that detects a phase coming with AC, a voltage adjustment controller 123, a transformer 124 for increasing voltage, a display window 125 that can be seen outside the primates dementia treatment apparatus 90, a rectifier 126 that rectifies voltage coming out of the transformer 124, a keypad 127 allowing for input through the display window (or touch screen) 125, and a charger 128 for storing a rectified voltage. The voltage adjustment controller 123 can be controlled to perform PWM control, etc. by the microprocessor.
The memory unit 130˜134 may include some or all of a real-time clock (generation) unit 130, a data memory 131, a program memory 132, an assistant data memory 133, and an assistant program memory 134. A real-time clock may be used to show start of data processing, etc. The memory unit 130˜134 stores data and can store various predetermined data related to stimulation pulse generation in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
The stimulation pulse output unit 129, 135, 136 includes some or all of a superposition network 129 that superposes or delays a discharge pulse to be suitable for treatment according to contraction of brain size, which is a characteristic of Alzheimer's disease, by using a DC superposition network, a discharge circuit 135, and a stimulator 136 that functions as a final load using a principle of performing treatment by applying a corresponding pulse according to the depth and area of a cerebral cortex using a coil operating a superposed stimulation pulse for treatment.
In an embodiment of the present invention, for treatment suitable for the form of a varied cerebral cortex such as the size and the shape of the brain of a brain disease target such as an animal or a human, it may be considered that the cranial nerve stimulation apparatus 90 that checks in real time a cerebral state using an EEG sensor for checking a cerebral state and an EMG sensor being able to check a nerve conduction state, performs real-time monitoring using optimal treatment pulses and an optimal pulse forming apparatus, which are suitable for the form of a cerebral cortex varied by a disease, and EEG, EMG, a cell phone, a computer, a web, etc., and generates suitable treatment pulses for a cerebral cortex varied by a brain disease for various purposes.
As a result, an embodiment of the present invention may recover the functions of a brain using a neural net that is not damaged when a portion of a brain is damaged through magnetic stimulation, which may be a treatment method that can induce functional recovery in clinical tests designed to recover a brain. In particular, it is required to delay, diagnose, and treat deterioration of an irreversible recognition function and changes in normal life function and neuropsychiatric behaviors that gradually progress in, a brain disease, dementia, and depression, and it is required to diagnose the conditions before a critical symptom appears. Further, according to many studies, it has been proved that when a partial change of a cerebral cortex by a magnetic stimulation is applied to a primary motor area, excitement of the corticospinal tract changes for several minutes to several hours.
That is, the cranial nerve stimulation apparatus 90 according to an embodiment of the present invention may be generally configured such that a treatment stimulation coil of the cranial nerve stimulation apparatus 90 is attachable, thus it is possible to control EEG and EMG sensors equipped with LEDS showing a problem in a lesion and a pulse forming apparatus for generating treatment pulses suitable for a varied cerebral cortex of a patient with a brain disease, and a magnetic coils can be replaced or added, depending on the performance and capacity of a power device.
EEG and EMG sensor modules are composed of an energy harvester and EEG and EGM front ends (analog) and are formed to be light and small for the convenience of carrying and moving. The microcontroller includes an A/D converter, a memory, and a Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter (UART) module, thereby having an advantage that power consumption can be reduced. Further, a microprocessor module (which is, for example, replaceable depending on DSP&FPGA performance) may be additionally used.
However, when the cranial nerve stimulation apparatus 90 is used for a brain disease and dementia, the device stimulates only a motor cortex regardless of the conditions of the brain diseases, so pathophysiologic characteristics are not considered, and prudence is required for brain diseases, and reactivity, plasticity, and connectivity of a demential cortex. Further, since brain atrophy itself is in connection with overactivity of a cortex, the volume of cerebrospinal fluid changes the characteristics of brain tissues and influences an induced current, and as problems with a stimulated portion, according to biochemical and metabolic studies for Alzheimer's dementia, areas except for a motor cortex is invaded in an early stage and the areas of the motor cortex is shown later. Accordingly, the levels of amyloid-β and t-Tau protein in cerebrospinal fluid influence the effect of cranial nerve stimulation, and according to Koch, etc., when the level of t-Tau is high, it is required to increase the stimulation effect applied to an Alzheimer's dementia patient.
Accordingly, it is required to control the levels of amyloid-β and t-Tau protein in cerebrospinal fluid when applying the cranial nerve stimulation apparatus 90, and there is an advantage that it is possible to discriminate in-cortex strengthening and suppression effects by operating the EEG sensor in association with connectivity of a cortex.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in
The EEG device may include an amplifier 201 that amplifies waveforms obtained from a brain electrode, a high-band filter 202 that blocks high bands, a notch filter 203 that attenuates specific frequency bands, a high-band filter 204, a low-band filter 205 that filters out low bands, and a photo isolator 206 that transmits signal waveforms obtained at the previous stage to the Bluetooth of a first communication unit 224 without a loss in an insulation state.
The EMG device 227 includes a process of an EMG analog signal 228, a digital receiver 229, a metal sensor 230, a band-pass filter 231, a notch filter 232 that attenuates specific frequency bands, a converter 233 that converts an analog signal into a digital signal, a data communication (unit) 234, an amplifier 235 that amplifies a fine signal 235, thereby finally obtaining an EMG signal (236).
The signal processors 222 and 223 include the concepts of a signal analysis algorithm 222 and a signal analysis process hardware 223. A converter 297 that converts an analog signal into a digital signal, an Independent Component Analysis (ICA) (unit) 208, an ERD 209, an LDA 210, a normalizing (unit) 211, a command (unit) 212, a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) (unit) 213, a spection (unit) 214, a correlation unit 215, a band-pass filter 217, an electric wave rectification (unit) 218, a waveform detection (unit) 219, a comparison adjustment (unit) 220, and a photo coupler 221 may be included.
Further, the cranial nerve stimulation apparatus 90 includes a first communication unit 224, a second communication unit 225, and a monitoring unit 226, the first communication unit 224 and the second communication unit 225 includes Bluetooth communication modules for transmission/reception, and the monitoring unit 226 has a process of monitoring to a mobile hardware, which may be monitored by a cell phone such as a smartphone.
As shown in
The voltage supplier 301 supplies AC power and the filter 302 filters out noise, etc. The first rectifier 303 rectifies AC voltage. A bridge circuit may be used, as shown in
The chargers 304 and 309 perform voltage charging and the intensity of the voltage can be adjusted by the controller 305. The voltage charging driver 309 can operate individually with the charger 304 and the superposition network 311. The voltage charging driver 309 may provide a bias voltage for operating the superposition network 311 by controlling the charger 304 in accordance with control of the controller 305.
The controller 305 controls general operations of the components of the cranial nerve stimulation apparatus 90′ and the constant voltage unit 306 may maintain constant voltage. It may be a kind of memory. Alternatively, it may be a reference voltage unit that provides a reference voltage. The transformer 307 amplifies a voltage in proportion to a winding ratio and the second rectifier 308 rectifies the voltage amplified by the transformer 307.
The high-voltage generator 310 makes the rectified voltage of the second rectifier 308 high voltage. Charging pumping, DC-DC converting, or a voltage doubler may be used to generate high voltage. The superposition network 311 achieves an efficient method of performing pulse superposition on a superposition network that is one of important functions in an embodiment of the present invention, the discharger 312 is in charge of discharging a stored voltage through a stimulation coil, and the stimulator 313 performs treatment by discharging a voltage to a stimulation coil that is a final load.
The sensor 501 performs an operation for obtaining a biological information of a treatment pulse that is suitable for a varied cerebral cortex in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The first communication unit 502 performs Bluetooth communication and shares and transmits data obtained from a sensor device including the sensor 501, and the second communication unit 503 performs a Bluetooth function for receiving biological information transmitted from the Bluetooth of a transmission function as a peripheral device. The controller 504 includes a microprocessor being in charge of control management and the nerve stimulation device 505 is in charge of stimulation suitable for a cerebral disease. The stimulation adjuster 506 provides more stable stimulation by correcting and selecting stimulation intensity and a superposition pulse through reaction muscles.
Reference numeral ‘704’ shows a sample for achieving a necessary stimulation pulse for a disease through superposition. Reference numeral ‘705’ shows a cerebral cortex of mammalia, reference numeral ‘706’ shows a brain wave measurer connected with Bluetooth and a power device, and reference numeral ‘707’ shows a power semiconductor for achieving superposition.
For the convenience of description, referring to
For this operation, the microprocessor 609 shown in
The communication module of
As shown in
As shown in
As shown in
As shown in
As shown in
For the convenience of description, referring to
Further, the cranial nerve stimulation apparatus 90 outputs a stimulation treatment pulse suitable for the form of a cerebral cortex varied by a disease (S1510). Since the cerebral states and the progression state of a disease depend on patients, the stimulation treatment pulse is output in types corresponding to patient in consideration of the problem.
As described above, the cranial nerve stimulation apparatus 90 checks a cerebral state in real time, that is, without disconnection of data on the basis of sensing data, and generates and outputs a simulation treatment pulse corresponding to patients to fit to the form of a cerebral cortex varied by a disease in accordance with the checking result (S1520).
The cranial nerve stimulation apparatus 90 may use a DC superposition circuit to maximize treatment, and can provide optimized treatment for each dementia patient by adjusting the depth and area of a brain cortex in accordance with the brain size by applying the DC superposition network.
Other than the above description, the cranial nerve stimulation apparatus 90 can perform various operations, and other details were sufficiently described above, so the above description is referred to.
Even through all components of embodiments of the present invention are combined in one unit or operated in combination in the above description, the present invention is not limited thereto. That is, the all components may be selectively combined and operated within the scope of the present invention. Further, although all the components may be implemented as discrete hardware, some or all of the components may be selectively combined as computer programs having program modules that perform some or all of functions combined in one or several items of hardware. Codes and code segments of the computer programs may be easily inferred by those skilled in the art. The computer programs may be stored in a nontransitory computer readable media and read out and executed by a computer, thereby achieving embodiments of the present invention.
The nontransitory computer readable media is not a media that stores data for a short time such as a register, a cache, and a memory, but a media that can semipermanently store data and can be read out by a device. In detail, the programs may be stored and provided in a nontransitory computer readable media such as a CD, a DVD, a hard disk, a blueray disc, a USB, a memory card, and a ROM.
Although exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure were illustrated and described above, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific exemplary embodiments and may be modified in various ways by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present disclosure described in claims, and the modified examples should not be construed independently from the spirit of the scope of the present disclosure.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10-2020-0014982 | Feb 2020 | KR | national |
