The invention concerns a procedure for feeding balls into the projectile chamber of a handgun, in particular the projectile chamber of a paintball gun. A ball container is connected with the projectile chamber via a feeder tube. The balls are fed from the ball container into the projectile chamber via the feeder tube by means of a motor. The invention further concerns a device designed to carry out the procedure.
A device in which the balls are fed into the projectile chamber in this manner is described in detail, for example, in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/965,384 filed Oct. 14, 2004 submitted by the same Applicant, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference into the present application. It has turned out to be a problem to control the motor in such a way as to allow fast feeding of the balls and to provide the feeding force at the right moment.
The invention is based on the object of providing a procedure and a device that allow fast and reliable feeding of the balls into the projectile chamber and that avoid unnecessary operation of the motor.
According to the invention, the motor is controlled as a function of the movement of the balls in the feeder tube. In this way it is possible to suitably control the feeding force supplied by the motor as a function of the actual status of the balls in the feeder tube.
Information about the balls is needed in order to perform the control operations as a function of the movement of the balls. In order to obtain the information, the device according to the invention may comprise a sensor to monitor the movement of the balls in the feeder tube and to provide status reports on the presence or absence of balls in the feeder tube. By mounting the sensor on the device itself, and not on the weapon, the device can be operated in conjunction with various weapons.
The sensor may comprise a light barrier arranged on the feeder tube. When there is no ball situated in the light path, the light barrier is not interrupted, but it is interrupted when a ball is situated in that location.
In an advantageous embodiment of the invention the sensor is arranged close to the end of the feeder tube pointing towards the projectile chamber. The balls located in this zone are just about to enter the projectile chamber and direct information can be obtained.
The device may further comprise a spring element for storing the drive energy of the motor. The energy stored in the spring element can be used to feed several balls into the projectile chamber without it being necessary to start up the motor. Drive energy supplied by the motor while the balls are not moving can be stored in the spring element. In order to protect the spring element from becoming overloaded, the spring element may be connected to the motor via a slip clutch. If the motor supplies more energy than can be stored in the spring element, the excess energy can be dissipated via the slip clutch.
The sensor is preferably designed in such a way that it reports the two statuses “ball present” and “no ball present”. A change in status occurs when, after a certain period of time during which it has reported one of the statuses, the sensor reports the other status. A resting phase occurs when the row of balls present in the feeder tube is stationary relative to the feeder tube. In the reports generated by the sensor, a resting phase is characterized by the fact that no change in status is reported for a period of time that is longer than the period of time required to feed two successive balls into the projectile chamber during a burst of firing.
A change in status following immediately after a resting phase is referred to as a first change in status. Changes in status following a first change in status, without any intervening resting phase, are referred to as further changes in status.
The motor is preferably switched on for a start-up period following a first change in status. The start-up period lasts for a defined length of time which is adapted to the interplay between the feeder device and the handgun.
After the balls have started to move in the feeder tube, it takes a certain amount of time until the sensor detects the first change in status. This is because the balls are of a certain size and must cover a distance dependent on this size before any change in status occurs from “ball present” to “no ball present”, or vice versa. This period is referred to as the first period of ball movement that triggers the first change in status. The start-up period is advantageously longer than the first period of ball movement. The excess operating time of the motor compared with the duration of the movement takes account of the fact that, after it has been idle, a certain amount of time is needed to start the motor up again.
The start-up period is preferably at least twice as long as the first movement period. In particular, the length of the start-up period may be between 60 ms and 100 ms, and preferably between 70 ms and 90 ms.
Depending on how many balls are discharged during a burst of firing, the first change in status may be followed by further changes in status. After each further change in status the motor advantageously continues to operate for a certain period of working time. Unlike in the case of the start-up period, the motor is not set in motion but continues to operate because a working period follows immediately after the start-up period or after a preceding working period. At the start of a working period the motor is thus already operating and no acceleration phase is any longer needed. For this reason, a working period can be shorter than the start-up period. The total period of time for which the motor is operating while a burst is being fired is determined by the total of the start-up period and the working periods.
In order for the sensor to report a further change in status following a previous change in status, the balls must move a certain distance inside the feeder tube. The period of time during which the balls are in motion and trigger a further change in status is referred to as the further period of ball movement. The working periods are preferably longer than the further periods of ball movement. As a result, the motor remains in operation for a longer period of time than the balls are moving in the feeder tube. The period of time during which the motor continues to operate, while the balls, however, are once more at rest, is referred to as the run-on time. During the run-on time the motor can resupply the spring element with the energy which the spring element had discharged in order to set the balls in motion before the first change in status.
The sensor can be arranged in such a way that, during the resting phase, a ball is present in front of the sensor. In this case, the first change in status is a change from “ball present” to “ball not present”. The second change is a change from “ball not present” to “ball present”. In this case, the sensor is set up in such a way that it reports two changes in status when the balls move by the length of one ball in the feeder tube. When the balls move by the length of one ball in the feeder tube, the operating period of the motor is thus extended by two working periods. The length of these working periods can be between 20 ms and 60 ms, and is preferably between 30 ms and 50 ms. In an alternative embodiment, the sensor can also be set up in such a way that it reports only one change in status per ball. In this case, the working periods chosen should be twice as long.
Depending on what is practical, the sensor can also be arranged in such a way that no ball is present in front of the sensor during the resting phase. The sequence described is then reversed.
The more shots that are fired in a burst, the longer will be the run-on time, because for each individual shot the working period is longer than the movement period. Since the spring element has only a limited capacity for storing the drive energy supplied during the run-on period, the latter period can be limited to a maximum duration. The maximum duration of the run-on time is preferably between 170 ms and 400 ms, and furthermore preferably between 320 ms and 360 ms.
Before the device is put into operation, all the balls are present in the ball container and the feeder tube is empty. In order to get the device ready for use, the feeder tube must be filled with balls. For this purpose, when the device is started up, the motor can be switched on for a preparatory period of time which is preferably sufficiently long for the feeder tube to become completely filled with balls. The preparatory period may have a predetermined duration. Independent of the predetermined duration, or in addition to it, the end of the preparatory period can be determined by the fact that the sensor arranged at the end of the feeder tube reports a change in status, i.e. the presence of a ball.
The invention is described in the following, on the basis of an advantageous embodiment and making reference to the attached drawings.
A shooter shown in
As shown in
The feeder 8 can be caused to rotate in the direction indicated by the arrow 10 by means of an electric motor, not depicted here, arranged in the lower area of the ball container 3. The motor is connected via a spring element and a slip clutch, neither of which are depicted here, to the feeder 8. Rotation of the motor drive shaft is transmitted via the spring element to the feeder 8. As soon as the feeder tube 2 is completely filled with balls, the feeder 8 is prevented from rotating any more. If further drive energy is supplied by the motor while the feeder 8 is stationary, this causes the spring element to become tensioned, so that the spring element stores the drive energy of the motor. If the spring element is tensioned to the maximum extent, further drive energy supplied by the motor is dissipated via the slip clutch. The features of this drive mechanism with spring element and slip clutch are described in detail in U.S. application Ser. No. 10/965,384 filed by the same applicant. A control unit 18 which controls the motor as a function of the reports received from the sensor 16 is arranged in the lower area of the ball container 3.
If shots are fired from the rifle 1, the first balls 14 can be conveyed into the projectile chamber of the weapon 1 by means of the energy stored in the spring element. However, because the energy stored in the spring element is sufficient only to convey a few of the balls 14, the motor must be controlled in such a manner that it provides new drive energy in a timely fashion. The procedure which is the subject of the invention is concerned with controlling the motor.
A sensor 16 is arranged at the end of the feeder tube 2 adjoining the weapon 1 and is used to determine whether a ball 14 is present in this area of the feeder tube 2. The sensor 16 comprises a light barrier whose light beam runs in the cross-sectional plane of the feeder tube 2. The light beam is interrupted if a ball 14 is present at that location, and it is not interrupted if no ball is present there. The motor is controlled as a function of the status reports put out by the sensor 16.
In
After a shot is fired by the weapon 1, the inlet to the projectile chamber 1 opens up, and the frontmost ball 141, driven by the force of the spring, moves into the projectile chamber 11. Once the ball 141 has partially entered the projectile chamber 11, in the status as depicted in
The control of the motor as a function of the changes in status reported by the sensor 16 is depicted in diagrammatic form in
A period of time which triggers the first change in status elapses between the point in time S, when the movement of the balls 14 in the feeder tube 2 commences, and the time 151, when the balls 14 are located in position 4B. It is assumed here that the length of this period of time is 25 ms. Once the first change in status has occurred, the motor is set in operation for a start-up time of 80 ms. The start-up time is more than twice as long as the movement period that triggers the first change in status. This takes account of the fact that it requires a certain amount of time to set the motor in motion.
The period of time between the first change in status 151 and the further change in status 152 corresponds to the time required by the balls 14 in the feeder tube 2 to move from status 4B to status 4C. The length of this period of movement by the balls 14, which triggers the further change in status 152, is also assumed to be 25 ms. The working period associated with the movement period 151 to 152 is at 40 ms longer than the movement period. This difference between the working period and the movement period results in a run-on time during which, on the one hand, the balls are returned from status 4C to the position shown in 4A, and the spring element is tensioned.
The overall operating duration of the motor when a shot is fired is made up of the start-up time of 80 ms and a working period of between 40 ms and 120 ms. After the last reported change in status at time 152, the motor continues to run for a further 95 ms.
When a burst of twenty shots is fired, as shown in
At the time of start-up the ball container 3 is filled with balls 14 and there are no balls in the feeder tube 2. In order to fill the feeder tube 2 with balls, the motor is switched on for an adequately long period of time. As soon as the sensor 16 at the end of the feeder tube 2 close to the projectile chamber 11 reports the presence of a ball 14, this means that the feeder tube 2 is filled with balls. After receiving the report from the sensor 16, the control unit 18 allows the motor to continue running for a short period of time to ensure that the spring element is fully tensioned. This completes the preparatory period and the weapon 1 is ready to be used.
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/841,096, filed Aug. 20, 2007, issuing as U.S. Pat. No. 7,770,569 on Aug. 10, 2010, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 11/182,937, filed Jul. 15, 2005, now abandoned, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/965,384, filed Oct. 14, 2004, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,428,899, issued Sep. 30, 2008, the entire contents of all of which are incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein.
Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | 11841096 | Aug 2007 | US |
Child | 12853023 | US | |
Parent | 11182937 | Jul 2005 | US |
Child | 11841096 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | 10965384 | Oct 2004 | US |
Child | 11182937 | US |