Claims
- 1. Process for the in situ generation of agglomerate structures and the controlled influencing of the resulting agglomerates, comprising the following steps:
- directing a particle-laden flow of gas originating from a gas phase reaction through a closed elongated flow duct, and
- coupling into the flow duct an electric field which is suitable for the ionization of the gas flowing through the flow duct via at least one pair of needle-shaped ungrounded electrodes having opposite polarity, the electrodes of each electrode pair being disposed radially opposite each other in the flow duct with no structure residing therebetween along the length of the duct occupied by the electrodes, the electrodes being spaced an effective distance such that ionization of the gas takes place between the electrodes, causing specific agglomeration, with regard to at least one of the parameters concentration, structure or dimension, of the particles in the flow duct during flow therethrough.
- 2. The process according to claim 1, wherein the particles are at least substantially symmetrically charged.
- 3. The process according to claim 1, wherein the particles are repeatedly bipolarly charged in the direction of flow.
- 4. The process according to claim 1, wherein the particles are charged in a direct current voltage field.
- 5. The process according to claim 1, wherein the electric field is focussed in a spatially very narrowly defined region between the tips of the needle-shaped electrodes.
- 6. The process according to claim 1, wherein at least some of the particles to be charged are smaller than 0.1 .mu.m.
- 7. The process of claim 1, wherein the strength of the electric field is about 2,000 volts/cm.
- 8. The process of claim 1, wherein the distance between the needle-shaped electrodes is in the range of about 10 mm to 40 mm.
- 9. The process of claim 1, wherein the agglomerate structures consist of titanium dioxide (TiO.sub.2).
- 10. The process of claim 1, wherein the agglomerate structures consist of pyrogenic oxides usable in the glass fibre or semiconductor industry.
- 11. The process of claim 1, wherein the agglomerate structures consist of aluminum dioxide (Al.sub.2 O.sub.3).
- 12. The process of claim 1, wherein there is in the elongated flow duct essentially no electric field other than the electric field generated between the pair of radially opposing electrodes.
- 13. Apparatus for the in situ generation of agglomerate structures and the controlled influencing of the resulting agglomerates, comprising:
- a closed and elongated flow duct (12),
- a plurality of needle-shaped electrodes (20, 22) arranged in pairs in the flow duct (12), the electrodes being arranged in pairs radially opposite each other in the flow duct (12), the electrodes being insulated with respect to the walls of the flow duct and wired so as to be ungrounded, the electrodes of each said pair having opposite polarity and having no structure residing therebetween along the length of the duct occupied by the electrodes, and
- a current source connected to the electrodes, the current source having a strength sufficient to produce corona discharges between the electrodes of each said pair so that ionization of the gas takes place between the electrodes, causing a specific agglomeration, with regard to at least one of the parameters concentration, structure or dimension, of the particles in the flow duct during flow therethrough.
- 14. The apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the potential ratio applied to oppositely disposed electrodes (20 and 22) is at least substantially symmetrical.
- 15. The apparatus according to claim 13, further comprising a plurality of electrode pairs (20, 22) arranged in succession in the flow duct (12).
- 16. The apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the electrode pairs (20, 22) are arranged in the flow direction with a spacing therebetween of at least approximately 10 cm.
- 17. The apparatus according to claim 13 wherein the current source is a source of high-voltage direct current.
- 18. The apparatus according to claim 13, wherein each electrode (20 and 22) includes a needle shaft (31) which is surrounded by an electrical insulation (32).
- 19. The apparatus according to claim 13 wherein each pair of electrodes includes two oppositely disposed tips (26) spaced from each other by about 10 mm to 40 mm.
- 20. The apparatus according to claim 13 wherein each of the electrodes (20 and 22) is secured in the duct wall by two sleeves (34, 44).
- 21. The apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the duct wall is made of electrically insulating plastics material.
- 22. The apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the duct wall is made of metal and is provided on the inside with an electrically insulating coating.
- 23. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the strength of the electric field is about 2,000 volts/cm.
- 24. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the distance between the needle-shaped electrodes in the range of about 10 mm to 40 mm.
- 25. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein there is in the elongated flow duct essentially no electric field other than the electric fields generated by the pairs of opposing needle-shaped electrodes.
Priority Claims (1)
Number |
Date |
Country |
Kind |
44 00 827 |
Jan 1994 |
DEX |
|
RELATED APPLICATION
The present application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 08/679,269 entitled PROCESS AND APPARATUS TO TREAT GASBORNE PARTICLES filed on Jan. 21, 1998, (the second '269 application) which is now U.S. Pat. No. 5,824,137, which was a continued prosecution application based on a previously filed U.S. application bearing the same title and the same serial number, but which was filed on Jul. 12, 1996 (the first '269 application).
US Referenced Citations (10)
Foreign Referenced Citations (7)
Number |
Date |
Country |
1379191 |
Oct 1964 |
FRX |
1407534 |
Apr 1969 |
DEX |
2646798 |
Apr 1978 |
DEX |
144509 |
Oct 1980 |
DEX |
3737343A1 |
May 1988 |
DEX |
53-64878 |
Sep 1978 |
JPX |
3098658 |
Apr 1991 |
JPX |
Continuations (2)
|
Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
679269 |
Jul 1996 |
|
Parent |
PCTEP9500026 |
Jan 1995 |
|