Patent Application
20080185601
This invention relates to a process for forming small shapes from silicone encapsulant compositions. The process is suitable for forming optical device components such as lenses for light emitting diode (LED) packages, and vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSEL).
The fabrication of optical device components with precision using silicone compositions has been challenging using transfer molding or casting due to the long cycle times (on the order of several minutes) and high amounts of waste, e.g., up to 50% or more of curable silicone composition in these processes may be discarded as waste. In the past, injection molding was not accepted in industry because of defects observed in the molded parts (for example, cracks, air bubbles, and flow lines) and the difficulty of injecting a material with low viscosity; on the order of 100 to 3,000 centiPoise (cps) at molding process temperatures.
This invention relates to a molding process and a silicone encapsulant composition suitable for use therein. The process comprises:
1) heating a mold having a mold cavity at a temperature ranging from 100° C. to 200° C.;
2) feeding a quantity of a silicone composition having a viscosity ranging from 50 cps to 3,000 cps at operating temperatures of the process to an assembly for preventing the silicone composition from flowing backward out of the assembly;
3) injecting the silicone composition from the assembly into the mold cavity through a gate, where
4) holding the silicone composition at 1,000 psi to 10,000 psi for an amount of time sufficient to prevent the silicone composition from flowing out of the mold cavity;
5) curing the product of step 4).
All amounts, ratios, and percentages are by weight unless otherwise indicated. The following is a list of definitions as used in this application.
The terms “a” and “an” each mean one more.
The abbreviation “M” means a siloxane unit of formula R3SiO1/2, where each R independently represents a monovalent atom or group.
The abbreviation “D” means a siloxane unit of formula R2SiO2/2, where each R independently represents a monovalent atom or group.
The abbreviation “T” means a siloxane unit of formula RSiO3/2, where R represents a monovalent atom or group.
The abbreviation “Q” means a siloxane unit of formula SiO4/2.
The abbreviation “Me” represents a methyl group.
The abbreviation “Ph” represents a phenyl group.
The abbreviation “Vi” represents a vinyl group.
This invention relates to an injection molding process for forming shapes from silicone encapsulant compositions. The process comprises:
1) heating a mold having a mold cavity at a temperature ranging from 100° C. to 200° C.;
2) feeding a quantity of a silicone composition having a viscosity ranging from 50 cps to 3,000 cps at operating temperatures of the process to an assembly for preventing the silicone composition from flowing backward out of the assembly;
3) injecting the silicone composition from the assembly into a mold cavity through a gate, where
4) holding the silicone composition at 1,000 psi to 10,000 psi for an amount of time sufficient to prevent the silicone composition from flowing out of the mold cavity;
5) curing the product of step 4). Step 4) and step 5) are performed until the resulting shape is hardened sufficiently to be removed from the mold.
The method may further comprise optional steps. Optional step 6) comprises post curing the product of step 5). Step 6) may be performed by heating at a temperature greater than the molding process temperature, e.g., ranging from 150° C. to 200° C. Optional step 7) comprises refilling the assembly using up to 3000 psi pressure after step 5) or step 6), when present. The method may optionally further comprise applying a mold release agent to the mold cavity before step 3).
The assembly in step 2) may be, for example, a screw check valve assembly or a plunger assembly. The time for step 4) may be up to 15 seconds, alternatively 8.5 seconds to 12.5 seconds. The time for step 5) may be 10 seconds to 300 seconds, alternatively 10 seconds to 120 seconds, and alternatively 25 to 50 seconds. The process steps may be performed while the mold is heated. The exact temperature depends on various factors the curing behavior of the silicone encapsulant composition selected, however, the mold may be heated at a temperature ranging from 100° C. to 200° C., alternatively 150° C. to 200° C.
The process described above may be performed using injection molding equipment that is known in the art and commercially available, for example, a liquid injection molding apparatus, Model No. 270S 250-60, from Arburg, Inc., of Newington, Conn., U.S.A.
The silicone compositions for use in the process described above may be optical silicone compositions. For example, these optical silicone compositions may exhibit properties including low viscosity (50 to 3,000 cps at molding process temperatures) and rapid cure times (10 seconds to 300 seconds). Low viscosity may be advantageous for injection molding because it may improve the ability of the optical silicone composition to rapidly and thoroughly fill mold features that define intricate optical features and smooth surfaces. Rapid cure time permits rapid production throughput. The optical silicone prepared by curing the optical silicone composition may exhibit properties including optical clarity, stability at high temperatures, and stability upon exposure to high flux at 400 nanometers (nm) to 650 nm.
The optical silicone composition may be an addition curable organopolysiloxane resin composition. An exemplary addition curable organopolysiloxane resin composition comprises:
(A) 100 parts of an organopolysiloxane resin represented by the following average compositional formula
R1aR2bSiO(4-a-b)/2 (1)
where each R1 is independently an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, each R2 is independently a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent hydrocarbon group other than R1, with the proviso that at least 50 mole % of R2 comprise phenyl groups, subscript “a” has a value ranging from 0.09 to 0.16, and subscript “b” has a value ranging from 1.00 to 1.20; with the proviso that the organopolysiloxane resin has a weight-average molecular weight equal to or exceeding 3000 with polystyrene as reference and determined by gel chromatography;
(B) 10 to 50 parts by weight of an organooligosiloxane represented by the following average compositional formula
R3cR4dSiO(4-c-d)/2 (2)
where each R3 is independently an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, each R4 is independently a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent or non-substituted monovalent hydrocarbon group other than R3, with the proviso that at least 10 mole % of R4 comprise phenyl groups; subscript “c” has a value ranging from 0.60 to 0.80, and subscript “d” has a value ranging from 1.50 to 2.10;
(C) 20 to 100 parts by weight of an organohydrogenoligosiloxane or organohydrogenpolysiloxane represented by the following average compositional formula:
HeR5fSiO(4-e-f)/2 (3)
where each R5 is independently a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent or non-substituted monovalent hydrocarbon group other than alkenyl groups, with the proviso that at least 20 mole % of R5 comprise phenyl groups; subscript “e” has a value ranging from 0.35 to 0.65, and subscript “f” has a value ranging from 0.90 to 1.70; and
(D) a catalytic quantity of an addition-reaction catalyst. This addition curable organopolysiloxane composition may cure to form an article having a hardness ranging from 60 to 100 at 25° C. and 40 to 100 at 150° C. as measured by ASTM D2240-86.
Alternatively, in average compositional formula (1), “a” may have a value ranging from 0.10 to 0.15, and “b” may have a value ranging from 1.00 to 1.15. Alternatively, in average compositional formula (2), “c” may have a value ranging from 0.60 to 0.80, and “d” may have a value ranging from 1.50 to 2.00. Alternatively, in average-compositional formula (3), “e” may have a value ranging from 0.35 to 0.65, and “f” may have a value ranging from 1.30 to 1.70.
Alternatively, component (B) in the addition-curable organopolysiloxane resin composition described above may comprise an organooligosiloxane expressed by the following formula:
(R7R82SiO)g SiR8(4-g) (4)
where each R7 is independently an alkenyl group with 2 to 10 carbon atoms, each R8 is independently a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent hydrocarbon group other than R7, with the proviso that at least 10 mole % of R8 comprise phenyl groups; and subscript “g” is 2 or 3.
In average compositional formula (1), described above, alkenyl groups with 2 to 10 carbon atoms for R1 include, but are not limited to, vinyl groups, allyl groups, butenyl groups, hexenyl groups, and decenyl groups. Examples of R2 include, but are not limited to, alkyl groups such as methyl groups, ethyl groups, propyl groups, and cyclohexyl groups; aryl groups such as tolyl groups and naphthyl groups; haloalkyl groups such as 3-chloropropyl groups, 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl groups, and 2-(nonafluoropropyl)ethyl groups; and aralkyl groups such as ethylbenzyl groups and 1-phenethyl groups. For providing an optical silicone encapsulant prepared by curing the above composition and having with high transparency, strength, and hardness, at least 50 mole % of all R2 per molecule may comprise phenyl groups, while the remaining may be alkyl groups.
Siloxane units that form component (A) may be exemplified by ViMe2SiO1/2 units, ViMePhSiO1/2 units, Me3SiO1/2 units, Me2SiO2/2 units, ViMeSiO2/2 units, PhSiO3/2 units, MeSiO3/2 units, and ViSiO3/2 units, where Me designates methyl group, Vi designates vinyl group, and Ph designates phenyl group.
Examples of component (A) are organopolysiloxane resins shown by the siloxane unit formulae and average compositional formulae given below; the siloxane unit formulae indicate mole numbers of various siloxane units when all siloxane units of a molecule constitute 1 mole:
Unit formula (ViMe2SiO1/2)0.10(PhSiO3/2)0.90, which has average compositional formula Vi0.10Me0.20Ph0.90SiO1.4, where a=0.10, b=1.10, Ph/R2′ (mole %)=74, Mw=4300; (i)
Unit formula (ViMe2SiO1/2)0.14(PhSiO3/2)0.86, which has average compositional formula Vi0.14Me0.28Ph0.86SiO1.34, where a=0.14, b=1.14, Ph/R2′ (mole %)=67, Mw=3200; (ii)
Unit formula (ViMeSiO2/2)0.10(PhSiO3/2)0.90, which has average compositional formula Vi0.10Me0.10Ph0.90SiO1.45, where a=0.10, b=1.00, Ph/R2′ (mole %)=82, Mw=8700; (iii)
Unit formula (ViMeSiO2/2)0.10(Me2SiO2/2)0.15(PhSiO3/2)0.75, which has average compositional formula Vi0.10Me0.40Ph0.75SiO1.375, where a=0.10, b=1.15, Ph/R2′ (mole %)=60, Mw=7200; (iv)
where R2′ represents total mole quantity of Me and Ph, and Mw is a weight-average molecular weight using standard polystyrene as a reference determined by gel permeation chromatography.
Component (B) is represented by average compositional formula (2) R3cR4dSiO(4-c-d)/2 where each R3 is independently an alkenyl group with 2 to 10 carbon atoms that can be the same as the groups exemplified for R1, and each R4 is independently a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent hydrocarbon group other than R3 that can be the same as the groups listed for R2. At least 10 mole % of R4 may comprise phenyl groups, while the remaining groups may comprise alkyl groups. Alternatively, each R4 may comprise a phenyl group. Alternatively, each R4 may comprise a methyl group or a phenyl group. Without wishing to be bound by theory it is thought that when each R4 is a methyl group or a phenyl group, affinity between components (A) and (C) in the composition may be improved and resistance to heat and transparency in an article, such as a lens, prepared by curing the composition may be improved.
In formula (2), “c” designates an average number of alkenyl groups per silicon atom in component (B) and may have a value ranging from 0.60 to 0.80. In formula (2), “d” designates an average number of substituted or unsubstituted monovalent hydrocarbon groups (other than R3) per 1 silicon atom in component (B) may have a value ranging from 1.50 to 2.10, alternatively 1.50 to 2.00.
Alternatively, component (B) may comprise an alkenyl-functional organooligosiloxane of formula (4): (R7R82SiO)gSiR8(4-g), where each R7 is as described above and may be the same as those listed above for R1. In the above formula, each R8 is independently a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent hydrocarbon group (other than R7) where R8 may be a group that is the same as those listed above for R2. Alternatively, each R8 may comprise a phenyl group. Alternatively, each R8 may comprise a phenyl group or a methyl group. Subscript “g” is 2 or 3. To facilitate dissolving component (A) (when component (A) is a solid) or to reduce viscosity of component (A) (when component (A) is viscous) at room temperature, component (B) may be liquid at room temperature and have viscosity at 25° C. below 10 Pa·s, alternatively viscosity ranging from 1 mPa·s to 100 mPa·s.
Specific examples of component (B) are methylphenylvinyloligosiloxanes shown by the following siloxane unit formulae and average compositional formulae:
Unit formula (ViMe2SiO)3SiPh, which has average compositional formula Vi0.75Me1.50Ph0.25SiO0.75, where c=0.75, d=1.75, Ph/R4′ (mole %)= (i)14; (i)
Unit formula (ViMe2SiO)2SiPh2, which has average compositional formula Vi0.67Me1.33Ph0.67SiO0.67, c=0.67, d=2.0, Ph/R4′ (mole %)=33; (ii)
Unit formula (ViMePhSiO)3SiPh, which has average compositional formula Vi0.75Me0.75Ph1.00SiO0.75, c=0.75, d=1.75, Ph/R4′ (mole %)=57; (iii)
Unit formula (ViMePhSiO)2SiPh2, which has average compositional formula Vi0.67Me0.67Ph1.33SiO0.67, c=0.67, d=2.00, Ph/R4′ (mole %)=67; and (iv)
Unit formula (ViMe2SiO)2SiMePh, which has average compositional formula Vi0.67Me1.67Ph0.33SiO0.67, c=0.67, d=2.00, Ph/R4′ (mole %)=17. (v)
where R4′ represents total mole quantity of Me and Ph. Component (B) may be a combination comprising two or more components differing in at least one of the following properties molecular weight, siloxane units, structure, and sequence.
Component (C) represented by average compositional formula (3) above comprises an organohydrogenoligosiloxane or organohydrogenpolysiloxane. Silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms of this component participate in an addition reaction with silicon-bonded alkenyl groups of components (A) and (B).
In average compositional formula (3) at least 20 mole % of R5 comprise phenyl groups. Groups R5 may be the same as those listed above for R2, alternatively, each R5 may be a phenyl group, alternatively, each R5 may be selected from a methyl group and a phenyl group. In formula (3), “e” indicates number of silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms per one silicon atom of component (C) and may range from 0.35 to 0.65; “f” indicates an average number of substituted or unsubstituted monovalent hydrocarbon groups (other than R1) per one silicon atom of component (C) and may range from 0.90 to 1.70, alternatively 1.30 to 1.70. At 25° C., component (C) may be solid or liquid, but the liquid form may facilitate preparation of the composition. Viscosity of component (C) may be up to 100 Pa·s, alternatively viscosity may range from 1 to 1,000 mPa·s.
Examples of component (C) include but are not limited to methylphenylhydrogenoligosiloxanes and methylphenylhydrogenpolysiloxanes shown by the following siloxane unit formulae and average compositional formulae:
Unit formula (HMe2SiO1/2)0.65(PhSiO3/2)0.35, which has average compositional formula H0.65Me1.30Ph0.35 SiO0.85, e=0.65, f=1.65, Ph/R5′ (mole %)=21; (i)
Unit formula (HMe2SiO1/2)0.60(PhSiO3/2)0.40, which has average compositional formula H0.60Me1.2Ph0.40 SiO0.90, e=0.60, f=1.60, Ph/R5′ (mole %)=25; (ii)
Unit formula (HMe2SiO1/2)0.40(PhSiO3/2)0.60, which has average compositional formula H0.40Me0.80Ph0.60 SiO1.10, e=0.40, f=1.40, Ph/R5′ (mole %)=43; (iii)
Unit formula (HMe2SiO1/2)0.35(PhSiO3/2)0.65, which has average compositional formula H0.35Me0.70Ph0.65 SiO1.15, e=0.35, f=1.05, Ph/R5′ (mole %)=48; (iv)
Unit formula (HMeSiO2/2)0.65(PhSiO3/2)0.35, which has average compositional formula H0.65Me0.65Ph0.35 SiO1.175, e=0.65, f=1.00, Ph/R5′ (mole %)=35; (v)
Unit formula (HMe2SiO2/2)0.50(PhSiO3/2)0.50, which has average compositional formula H0.5Me0.50Ph0.50 SiO1.25, e=0.50, f=1.00, Ph/R5′ (mole %)=50; (vi)
Unit formula (HMeSiO2/2)0.35(PhSiO3/2)0.65, which has average compositional formula H0.35Me0.35Ph0.65 SiO1.325, e=0.35, f=1.00, Ph/R5′ (mole %)=65; (vi)
Unit formula (HMePhSiO1/2)0.60(PhSiO3/2)0.40, which has average compositional formula H0.60Me0.60Ph1.00 SiO0.90, e=0.60, f=1.60, Ph/R5′ (mole %)=63; and (viii)
Unit formula (HMePhSiO1/2)0.40(PhSiO3/2)0.60, which has average compositional formula H0.4Me0.40Ph1.00 SiO1.10, e=0.40, f=1.40, Ph/R5′ (mole %)=71. (ix)
In these formulae, R5′ represents total quantity of Me and Ph. Component (C) may be a combination comprising two or more components differing in at least one of the following properties molecular weight, siloxane units, structure, and sequence.
Components (B) and (C) may be used in a combined amount of 10 to 50 parts by weight, alternatively 20 to 100 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of component (A). To provide hardness and physical properties in a silicone encapsulant prepared by curing the composition, the amount of silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms of component (C) per mole of alkenyl groups in components (A) and (B) may range from 0.5 to 3 moles, alternatively 0.7 to 2.0 moles.
Component (D) is a catalyst that promotes an addition reaction between alkenyl groups of components (A) and (B) and silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms of component (C). Component (D) is exemplified by platinum group metal catalysts such as platinum metal catalysts exemplified by platinum black, platinum dichloride, chloroplatinic acid, a product of a reaction between a chloroplatinic acid and a monohydric alcohol, a complex of a chloroplatinic acid and diolefin, platinum bis-(ethylacetoacetate), platinum bis-(acetylacetonate), a complex of a chloroplatinic acid and 1,3-divinyltetramethyldisiloxane, or a combination thereof; and rhodium catalysts. The amount of component (D) is a catalytic amount, which depends on various factors including the exact components (A), (B), (C), and (D) selected. However, the amount of component (D) may range from 1 to 500 ppm, alternatively 2 to 100 ppm, based on the combined weights of components (A) to (C).
An optional component may be added to the addition-curable organopolysiloxane resin composition described above. Optional component (E), a mold release agent, may be added to the composition. Suitable mold release agents may be polyorganosiloxanes that are not reactive with components (A), (B), (C) and (D) in the composition. Suitable mold release agents may have the general formula: R93SiO(R92SiO)x(R9R10SiO)ySiR93, where each R9 is independently a hydroxyl group or a monovalent organic group, and each R10 is independently a monovalent organic group unreactive with components (A), (B), and (C) in the composition, x has a value of 0 or greater, y has a value of 1 or greater with the proviso that x and y have values sufficient that the mold release agent has a viscosity of 50 to 3,000 cps at molding process temperatures. Alternatively, each R9 may independently be an alkyl group such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, or butyl or an alkoxy group such as methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, or butoxy, and each R10 may independently be an aryl group such as phenyl, tolyl, or xylyl. Alternatively each R9 may be methyl and each R10 may be phenyl. Examples of suitable mold release agents include trimethylsiloxy-terminated (dimethylsiloxane/phenylmethylsiloxane)copolymer having a viscosity of 100 to 500 cps at 25° C. The amount of mold release agent in the composition may be 0.2% to 2%, alternatively 0.25% to 0.75%, based on the weight of the composition.
To extend the pot life, an inhibitor that will inhibit curing at room temperature may be added. Provided their addition is not detrimental to the effects of the present invention, the composition may further comprise a filler such as fumed silica, quartz powder, titanium oxide, zinc oxide; pigment; flame retarder; heat-resistant agent; oxidation inhibitor; or a combination thereof.
The addition-curable organopolysiloxane resin composition of the invention can be prepared by mixing components (A) to (D) and any optional components, if present. If a one part composition will be prepared, pot life of the composition may be extended by adding an inhibitor. Alternatively, a multiple-part composition may be prepared by mixing components comprising (A), (B), and (D) in one part and mixing components comprising (A), (B) and (C) in a separate part, storing each part in a premixed state, and mixing the parts together directly before use.
The addition-curable organopolysiloxane resin composition of the present invention prepared by the above method cures to form an article having a hardness of 60 to 100 at 25° C. and hardness of 40 to 100 at 150° C., as measured by Type D durometer in accordance with ASTM D2240-86. Alternatively, the article obtained from the addition-curable organopolysiloxane resin composition has hardness ranging from 40 to 100, alternatively 40 to 60, as measured in accordance with ASTM D2240-86 by the type D durometer. ASTM D2240-86 corresponds to JIS K 7215-1986 that specifies testing methods for durometer hardness of plastics.
The addition-curable organopolysiloxane resin composition may be a liquid at room temperature. However, to improve moldability and flowability, the composition may have viscosity at 25° C. below 5,000 Pa·s, alternatively viscosity may range from 10 to 1,000 Pa·s, alternatively viscosity may range from 100 to 3,000 cps. The addition-curable organopolysiloxane resin composition may be gradually cured by retaining it at room temperature or rapidly cured by heating. The composition may be cured alone or in contact with another material, to form an integrated body with the other material (overmolding).
Alternatively, commercially available optical silicone encapsulant composition may be used, such as SYLGARD® 184 from Dow Corning Corporation of Midland, Mich., U.S.A. Alternatively, organopolysiloxane resin compositions in U.S. Pat. No. 6,509,423 may be used in the process of this invention.
The process and composition described above may be used to fabricate various components in optical devices. For example, such optical devices include, but are not limited to optical waveguides, lightguides, light sensing elements, and LED packages such as high brightness LED (HBLED) packages.
This invention further relates to a molded shape prepared by the process described above. The molded shape may be, for example, a lens for use in an LED package such as a flat lens, a curved lens, or a fresnel lens. Curved and fresnel lenses made from an amount of silicone encapsulant composition ranging from 10 milligrams (mg) to 60 grams (g) may be fabricated. The lenses may have a width or diameter ranging from 0.1 mm to 10 mm. The lenses may have thickness ranging from 0.05 mm to 2 mm. For lenses having thickness of 2 mm, optical transmission at 400 nanometers (nm) to 650 nm may be 85% transmission to 100% transmission.
These examples are intended to illustrate the invention to one of ordinary skill in the art and should not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention set forth in the claims.
Curved lenses are fabricated according to the process of this invention using the injection molding equipment in
The quantity of curable organopolysiloxane resin composition is injected into the mold 106 and the resulting composition is injected into the mold cavities 201 in stages. The injection pressure (pounds per square inch, psi), the injection speed (cubic inches per second, cins) and volume injected (cin) in each stage are shown in Table 1. The back pressure (psi) and screw speed (circumferential speed in feet per minute, fpm) applied during injection are also shown in Table 1.
The composition is then held in the mold at a pressure and for a time shown in Table 1. The starting pressure in holding stage 1 (shown in Table 1) is gradually reduced to the pressure in holding stage 2 during the time for holding stage 1. The composition is then held under the conditions in holding stage 2. The composition is then cured for a time shown in Table 1 until the resulting lens is hardened sufficiently to be removed from the mold. The lenses are then de-molded. Visual evaluation of the curved lenses is recorded in Table 1. Example 1 shows that acceptable curved lenses can be fabricated using the composition at various molding process conditions.
Curved lenses are fabricated according to the procedure in Example 1 using the process parameters in Table 2. The curable organopolysiloxane resin composition in Example 2 comprises 82.5 parts TPh0.75Q0.10MVi0.15, 8.9 parts Ph2Si(OSiMe2H)2, 5.9 parts PhSi(OSiMe2H)3, 1.01 parts bis-diphenylphosphino propane, and 5 parts per million (ppm) platinum catalyst. Comparative runs 1-4 show that incomplete fill can result with some formulations when the quantity supplied is too low, when back pressure is too low, or both. Runs 5-18 show that acceptable molded parts can be made at a variety of process conditions.
Curved lenses are fabricated according to the procedure in Example 1 using the process parameters in Table 3. The organopolysiloxane resin composition in Example 3 comprises 67.5 parts DOW CORNING® SYLGARD® 184 Part A, 9.5 parts DOW CORNING® SYLGARD® 184 Part B, 9.01 parts Si(SiMe2CH≡CH2)4, MD3.2DH5.8M, and 13.9 parts MD3.2DH5.8M. Comparative runs 1-7 do not make acceptable lenses due to air entrained in the feed system. Runs 8-13 make acceptable lenses even though bubbles are present. As the composition was processed and entrained air was removed, lens quality improved in this example.
Curved lenses are fabricated according to the process of this invention using the injection molding equipment in
Curved lenses are fabricated according to the procedure in Example 1 using the process parameters in Table 5. The two part addition curable organopolysiloxane resin composition in Example 5 comprises 39.7 parts TPh0.75MVi0.25, 13.3 parts TPh0.75Q0.10 MVi0.25, 34.8 parts MViDPh220MVi, 4.3 parts SiPh2(OSiMe2H)2, 5.9 parts SiPh(OSiMe2H)3, 22 ppm triphenyl phosphine inhibitor, and 3 ppm platinum catalyst. Example 5 shows that acceptable lenses may be fabricated from the compositions at a variety of molding process parameters in runs 1-6 and 9-18. Runs 7 and 8 did not produce acceptable lenses because the thermal history of the organopolysiloxane resin caused the molded lens to be yellow.
Curved lenses are fabricated according to the procedure in Example 1 using the process parameters in Table 6. The two part addition curable organopolysiloxane resin composition in Example 6 comprises 51.5 parts DVi10D15TPh75, 10 parts MViDPh2, 10 parts MVi3TPh, 28.4 parts MH60TPh40, 0.013 parts platinum catalyst, and 0.10 parts inhibitor of formula (HC≡C—C (Me)2—O)3SiMe. Example 6 shows that good curved lenses can be fabricated from the composition at a variety of molding process conditions.
Curved lenses are fabricated according to the procedure in Example 1 using the process parameters in Table 7. The two part addition curable organopolysiloxane resin composition in Example 7 comprises 39.7 parts TPh0.75MVi0.25, 15.3 parts TPh0.75Q0.10 MVi0.25, 34.8 parts MViDPh220MVi, 4.3 parts SiPh2(OSiMe2H)2, 5.9 parts SiPh(OSiMe2H)3, 22 ppm triphenyl phosphine inhibitor, and 3 ppm platinum catalyst. Example 7 shows that good curved lenses can be fabricated from the composition at a variety of molding process conditions.
Fresnel lenses are fabricated according to the process of this invention using the injection molding equipment in FIG. 1 and a fresnel lens mold. The mold is heated to a temperature (° C.) shown in Table 8. A two part addition curable organopolysiloxane resin composition is fed through the static mixer 104 to the extruder 105 and a quantity of the resulting curable organopolysiloxane resin composition is fed to the assembly 110. This curable organopolysiloxane resin composition is the same as in Example 6.
The curable organopolysiloxane resin composition is injected into the mold cavities 201 in stages. The injection pressure (psi), the injection speed (cubic inches per second, cins) and volume injected (cin) in each stage are shown in Table 8. The back pressure (psi) and screw speed (feet per minute, fpm) applied during injection are also shown in Table 8.
The composition is then held in the mold at pressures and for times shown in Table 8. The starting pressure in holding stage 1 (shown in Table 8) is gradually reduced to the pressure in holding stage 2 during the time for holding stage 1. The composition is then held under the conditions in holding stage 2. The composition is then cured for a time shown in Table 8 until the resulting shape is hardened sufficiently to be removed from the mold. The lenses are then de-molded. Visual evaluation of the curved lenses is recorded in Table 8. Example 8 shows that curing the composition used in example 8 too long or at too high a temperature may cause the molded lenses to become thin or brittle, or to make demolding somewhat difficult, however, acceptable lenses are made under process conditions in example 8.
Fresnel lenses are fabricated according to the procedure in Example 8 using the process parameters in Table 9. Example 9 shows that acceptable fresnel lenses can be made with this equipment and this curable silicone encapsulant composition by adjusting the molding process parameters. Comparative runs 1 to 8 show that a larger quantity is needed for these process conditions to completely fill the mold without over filling and obtaining molded lenses with flash. Runs 9 to 15 produce acceptable lenses.
Curved lenses are fabricated according to the process of Example 1 except that a mold release agent is applied to the surface of the mold cavities at the beginning of the process. The mold release agent is a TEFLON® spray. The curable organopolysiloxane resin composition in Example 10 comprises 51 parts DVi10D15TPh75, 10 parts MViDPh2, 10 parts MVi3TPh, 28.4 parts MH60TPh40, 0.5 parts M[DPh,MeD]3M, 0.013 parts platinum catalyst, and 0.10 parts (HC≡C—C (Me)2—O)3SiMe inhibitor. The molding process parameters and results are in Table 10.
Example 10 is repeated except that the TEFLON® spray is eliminated and 0.5% of trimethylsiloxy-terminated (dimethylsiloxane/phenylmethylsiloxane)copolymer having a viscosity of 100 to 150 cps at 25° C. is added to the composition. Examples 10 and 11 show that before an internal mold release agent is added to the composition of Example 10, 33 to 100% of the curved lenses may crack when being removed from the mold, even when a mold release agent is applied to the mold cavity. However, when the internal mold release agent is added, after 15 molding cycles, release becomes easier, and after 25 cycles cracking may reduce to zero. Without wishing to be bound by theory, it is thought that the internal mold release agent used in this example conditions the mold over time.
Examples 10 and 11 are repeated except that in example 13, the TEFLON® spray is eliminated and a mold release agent is added to the composition. The composition used in example 12 comprises 51.5 parts DVi10D15TPh75, 10 parts MViDPh2, 10 parts MVi3TPh, 28.4 parts MH60TPh40, 0.013 parts platinum catalyst, and 0.10 parts inhibitor (HC≡C—C (Me)2—O)3SiMe; and the composition used in example 13 comprises 51 parts DVi10D15TPh75, 10 parts MViDPh2, 10 parts MVi3TPh, 28.4 parts MH60TPh40, 0.5 parts HO[Si(Ph,Me)O]4-7H, 0.013 parts platinum catalyst, and 0.1 parts (HC≡C—C (Me)2—O)3SiMe inhibitor.
The molding conditions used in each run in examples 12 and 13 are as follows: mold temperature 150 C, quantity 0.345 cin, back pressure −150 psi, screw speed of 25, injection stage 1 pressure/speed/volume of 3000/0.6/0.16, injection stage 2 pressure/speed/volume of 2500/0.1/0.09, holding stage 1 pressure/time of 2500/10 and holding stage 2 of 1200/10, and cure time of 30 seconds. Tables 12 and 13 show the results of examples 12 and 13, respectively. Without wishing to be bound by theory, it is thought that the internal mold release agent in example 13 conditions the mold over time.
Example 12 is repeated except that the composition comprises 51.5 parts DVi10D15TPh75, 10 parts MViDPh2, 10 parts MVi3TPh, 28.4 parts MH60TPh40, 0.013 parts platinum catalyst, and 0.10 parts inhibitor (HC≡C—C (Me)2—O)3SiMe.
Optical silicone encapsulant compositions are useful for fabrication components of optical devices such as LED packages. Silicone encapsulants prepared by curing these compositions may provide the benefits of enhanced light transmission, enhanced reliability, and increased lifetimes of LED packages. Silicone encapsulants may exhibit superior performance over epoxy encapsulants in temperature and humidity resistance in LED applications. The silicone encapsulant compositions and processes of this invention may be used to prepare encapsulants having geometries including, but not limited to, rectangular, simple convex lenses, patterned lenses, textured surfaces, domes, and caps. In optical device applications the encapsulants may be pre-manufactured by molding (injection or transfer) or casting processes. Alternatively, a process for molding over an optical device assembly, called ‘overmolding’or “insert molding” on a rigid or flexible substrate may also be performed using the heat curable silicone encapsulants of this invention.
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/684,932 filed on 26 May 2005 under 35 U.S.C. §119 (e). U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/684,932 is hereby incorporated by reference.
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US06/10001 | 3/16/2006 | WO | 00 | 8/29/2007 |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 60684932 | May 2005 | US |
