Claims
- 1. A method for unhairing animal skins or hides using a lime and sulfide free enzymatic solution comprising:
preparing an enzymatic solution from animal or plant tissue, presoaking of skins or hides in water at 10° C. to 60° C. for 2 to 6 hours, removing the water, applying the enzymatic solution by pasting or spraying the flesh side of the skin or hide, incubating the skins or hides at a temperature of 10° C. to 60° C. for 10 to 24 hours, wherein the skins or hides are arranged flesh side to flesh side or grain side to grain side, floating the skins or hides in liquid comprising the enzymatic solution, removing the skins or hides from the liquid comprising the enzymatic solution to produce an effluent and unhairing the skins or hides by scraping the skins or hides with a curved knife on a wooden beam or using an unhairing machine.
- 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the animal skins or hides are selected from the group consisting of the skins or hides of buffalo, cattle, goat and sheep.
- 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the enzymatic solution is prepared from an animal tissue selected from the group consisting hypochondrial organs, epigastric organs, peritoneal organs, stomach, duodenum, pancreas, liver, the whole intestine and visceral organs.
- 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the enzymatic solution comprises enzymes selected from the group consisting of trypsin (EC 3.4.21.4), chymotrypsin (EC 3.4.21.1), carboxypeptidase A (EC 3.4.17.1), metallocarboxypeptidase, carboxypeptidase B (EC 3.4.17.2), alpha-amylase (EC 3.2.1.1), alpha 1,4, D glucosidase and lipase (3.1.1.3) triglycerol lipase.
- 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the enzymatic solution is prepared from a plant selected from the group consisting of Euphorbia antiquorum, Carica papaya, Plumeria alba, Calotropis gigantea and Euphorbia nerrifolia.
- 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the enzymatic solution is prepared from plant tissue selected from the group consisting of young root, bark, stem, leaves, unripe fruits, exudates and the whole plant.
- 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the enzymatic solution comprises enzymes selected from the group consisting of papain (3.4.22.2), calotropin and cucumisin-like protease found in Euphorbia.
- 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the enzymatic solution comprises 1-20% of enzyme by weight.
- 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the enzymatic solution comprises 1 to 6% of enzyme by weight
- 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the enzymatic solution comprises 1-6% of protein by weight.
- 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the skins or hides are soaked in about 300% by weight of water.
- 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the skin or hides used is either raw skin or hide or presoaked skin or hide.
- 13. The method of claim 1, wherein the enzymatic solution is in the range of 1- 15% by weight of enzyme to the weight of the hides or skins.
- 14. The method of claim 1, wherein the effluent exhibits a reduced biological oxygen demand (BOD) in comparison to effluent derived from conventional dehairing processes.
- 15. The method of claim 15, wherein the BOD is reduced by about 65.54%.
- 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the BOD is less than 37 kg/ton.
- 17. The method of claim 1, wherein the effluent exhibits a reduced chemical oxygen demand (COD) in comparison to effluent derived from conventional dehairing processes.
- 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the COD is reduced by about 35.85%.
- 19. The method of claim 1, wherein the effluent exhibits a reduced total dissolved solids (TDS) in comparison to effluent derived from conventional dehairing processes.
- 20. The method of claim 19, wherein the TDS is reduced to about 42.63%
- 21. The method of claim 1, wherein the skin or hide retains collagen to maintain grain pattern of skin or hide.
- 22. The method of claim 1, wherein unhairing occurs at the epidermal layer by loosening or removing at hair roots to obtain scud free white pelt.
- 23. The method of claim 1, wherein incubating the skins or hides functions in bating the skins or hides without an additional step.
Parent Case Info
[0001] The present application claims priority to U.S. Provisional application Serial No. 60/395,895 filed on Jul. 15, 2002, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
Provisional Applications (1)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
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60395895 |
Jul 2002 |
US |