Claims
- 1. A process for preparing a polyamide composite material which comprises:
- (a) contacting a layered silicate having a cation exchange capacity of 50 to 200 milliequivalents/100 g with an organic cation of a lactam in a dispersing medium, the organic cation of a lactam being a cation represented by the following formula: ##STR4## where X is H or CH.sub.3 and R is an alkylene group represented by the formula --(CH.sub.2).sub.n --, wherein n is 3 to 11, the dispersing medium being at least one dispersing medium selected from the group consisting of water, methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol, 1,4-butane diol and glycerine, thereby adsorbing the organic cation of the lactam onto the layered silicate to form a composite,
- (b) mixing said composite with a polyamide monomer to form a mixture, and
- (c) polymerizing said polyamide monomer in said mixture.
- 2. The process for preparing a polyamide composite material according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the dispersing medium is 5,000 parts by weight or lower based on 100 parts by weight of the composite obtained in the contacting step.
- 3. The process for preparing a polyamide composite material according to claim 1, wherein the polyamide monomer is at least one selected from the group consisting of 6-amino-n-caproic acid, 12-aminolauric acid, .alpha.-pyrrolidone, .epsilon.-caprolactam and .omega.-laurinlactam.
- 4. The process for preparing a polyamide composite material according to claim 1, wherein the polyamide monomer is formulated so that the layered silicate is 0.05 to 150 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polyamide in said polymerized composite material.
- 5. The process for preparing a polyamide composite material according to claim 1, wherein
- the amount of the dispersing medium being 5,000 parts by weight or lower based on 100 parts by weight of the composite obtained in the contacting step;
- the polyamide monomer being at least one selected from the group consisting of 6-amino-n-caproic acid, 12-aminolauric acid, .alpha.-pyrrolidone, .epsilon.-caprolactam and .omega.-laurinlactam; and
- the polyamide monomer being formulated so that the layered silicate is 0.05 to 150 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polyamide in said polyamide composite material.
- 6. A process for preparing a polyamide composite material which comprises:
- mixing a layered silicate having a cation exchange capacity of 50 to 200 milliequivalents/100 g, a swelling agent which becomes cationic by contact with an acid, a polyamide monomer and an acid with a pKa value of 0 to 3 in a dispersing medium to form a mixture, the dispersing medium being at least one dispersing medium selected from the group consisting of water, methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol, 1,4-butane diol and glycerine and polymerizing said polyamide monomer in said mixture.
- 7. The process for preparing a polyamide composite material according to claim 6, wherein the amount of the acid with a pKa value of 0 to 3 is 0.05 to 5 equivalents relative to the total ion exchange capacity of the layered silicate.
- 8. The process for preparing a polyamide composite material according to claim 6, wherein the acid with a pKa value of 0 to 3 is an acid selected from the group consisting of phthalic acid, phosphoric acid, chloroacetic, acid and trichloroacetic acid.
- 9. The process for preparing a polyamide composite material according to claim 6, wherein the swelling agent is selected from the group consisting of an amine, an amino acid and a lactam.
- 10. The process for preparing a polyamide composite material according to claim 6, wherein the swelling agent is selected from the group consisting of octadecylamine, dimethyloctadecylamine, trimethyloctadecylamine, p-phenylenediamine, .alpha.-naphthylamine, p-aminodimethylaniline, benzidine, 4-amino-n-butyric acid, 6-amino-n-caproic acid, 8-aminocaprylic acid, 10-aminodecanoic acid, 12-aminododecanoic acid, 14-aminotetradecanoic acid, 16-aminohexadecanoic acid, 18-aminooctadecanoic acid and a .omega.-laurinlactam having the following formula: ##STR5##
- 11. The process for preparing a polyamide composite material according to claim 10, wherein the swelling agent is in an amount of 5 to 100 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the layered silicate.
- 12. The process for preparing a polyamide composite material according to claim 1, wherein n is 3 to 6.
- 13. The process for preparing a polyamide composite material according to claim 1, wherein the polymerizing is carried out at a temperature of 260.degree. C. and at a pressure of 15 kg/cm.sup.2 for 1 hour.
- 14. The process for preparing a polyamide composite material according to claim 6, wherein the polymerizing is carried out at a temperature of 260.degree. C. for 3 to 12 hours.
- 15. The process for preparing a polyamide composite according to claim 3, wherein the layered silicate has one side of 0.002 to 1 .mu.m and a thickness of 6 to 20 .ANG. and the layered silicate comprises plates which are separated from each other by 20 .ANG. or more on an average.
- 16. The process for preparing a polyamide composite according to claim 15, wherein the layered silicate is in an amount of 0. 1 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polyamide in the polyamide composite material.
- 17. The process for preparing a polyamide composite according to claim 16, wherein the layered silicate is a layered phyllosilicate mineral comprising at least one silicate selected from the group consisting of magnesium silicate and aluminum silicate.
- 18. The process for preparing a polyamide composite according to claim 16, wherein the layered silicate is at least one silicate selected from the group consisting of montmorillonite, saponite, biderite, nontronite, hectorite, stevensite, vermicullite and halloysite.
- 19. The process for preparing a polyamide composite according to claim 6, wherein the swelling agent is an organic cation of a lactam of the formula ##STR6## wherein X is H or CH.sub.3 and R is --(CH.sub.2).sub.n -- wherein n is 3 to 11.
- 20. The process for preparing a polyamide composite material according to claim 1, wherein the organic cation of the lactam is in an amount of 5 to 100 parts by weight of the layered silicate.
- 21. The process for preparing a polyamide composite material according to claim 19, wherein the organic cation of the lactam is in an amount of 5 to 100 parts by weight of the layered silicate.
Priority Claims (4)
Number |
Date |
Country |
Kind |
63-221387 |
Sep 1988 |
JPX |
|
63-252088 |
Oct 1988 |
JPX |
|
63-257306 |
Oct 1988 |
JPX |
|
63-327790 |
Dec 1988 |
JPX |
|
Parent Case Info
This application is a division of application Ser. No. 07/400,986, filed Aug. 31, 1989, now abandoned.
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JPX |
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JPX |
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JPX |
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JPX |
62-250050 |
Oct 1987 |
JPX |
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GBX |
Non-Patent Literature Citations (1)
Entry |
Derwent Abstract corresponding to JP 35211/83 (corresponding to JP Appln. No. 35890/75). |
Divisions (1)
|
Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
400986 |
Aug 1989 |
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