Process for producing 1-.beta.-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt and monohydrate thereof

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a process for producing 1-.beta.-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt which is excellent in stability and 1-.beta.-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt monohydrate which is nonhygroscopic and is excellent in stability.
A process for producing 1-.beta.-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine-5'-stearylphosphate sodium (hereinafter referred to as Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate sodium salt) has been disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-49588 (1980). According to the disclosed process, after adjusting an aqueous solution of Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate (a free acid) to pH of 7.0 by sodium hydroxide, the thus adjusted aqueous solution is condensed and ethanol was added to the condensate, thereby precipitating Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate sodium salt.
Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate sodium salt obtained by the process disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-49588 (1980) is a powdery substance and does not show any definite diffraction peaks on X-ray diffraction, namely, it is an amorphous substance (refer to FIG. 3).
In the case where Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate sodium salt obtained by the above conventional process was left for 14 months under the conditions of a temperature of 25.degree. C. and a relative humidity (RH) of 75%, the content thereof was reduced to 93.7% by weight of the initial value and in the case where left for 3 months under the conditions of a temperature of 50.degree. C. and an RH of 74%, the content thereof was remarkably reduced to 58.6% by weight of the initial value, and it was ascertained that 1-.beta.-D-arabinofuranosyluracil-5'-stearylphosphate sodium salt was formed as a decomposition product.
Furthermore, in the case where Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate sodium salt was left under the condition of a temperature of 25.degree. C. and an RH of 93%, the weight thereof increased by 12 to 13%, namely the sodium salt shows a remarkably high hygroscopicity.
The above-mentioned facts show that when the Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate sodium salt obtained by the publicly known process is prepared into a medical product, particular consideration of the hygroscopicity thereof should be given and also a strict packaging of the product is necessary to prevent the product from taking up water when the product is put into market. In addition to the above, since the Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate sodium salt is poor in stability and the activity in the preparation including the compound as an active ingredient is reduced by the decomposition in very short time, such a preparation cannot be actually put into market.
As a result of the present inventors' studies for providing a novel process for producing Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt which is stable and suitable for producing medicines, it has been found by the present inventors that a stable Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt can be obtained by adjusting an aqueous solution or suspension of Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate to pH 9.7 to 13 by sodium hydroxide and further that by transforming the thus obtained monosodium salt into Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt monohydrate represented by the following formula: ##STR1## under a specified condition, it can be possible to obtain a compound which is nonhygroscopic and is excellent in stability.
On the basis of the findings, the present inventors have completed the present invention.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In the first object of the invention, there is provided a process for producing Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt, comprising the steps of adjusting an aqueous solution or suspension of Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate to pH 9.7 to 13 by sodium hydroxide, and isolating the thus formed Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt.
In the second object of the invention, there is provided an Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt monohydrate.
In the third object of the invention, there is provided a process for producing Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt monohydrate, comprising the steps of adjusting the aqueous solution or suspension of Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate to pH 9.7 to 13 by sodium hydroxide; adding an organic solvent which is miscible with water to said aqueous solution or suspension, thereby precipitating Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt;
(A) stirring the thus resulted mixture on continued heating, isolating the thus formed crystals of the monohydrate from the mixture; or
(B) isolating the thus precipitated monosodium salt,
(1) suspending the thus isolated monosodium salt in an organic solvent which is miscible with water, isolating the thus formed crystals from the aqueous suspension, or
(2) thermally dissolving the thus isolated monosodium salt in an organic solvent which is miscible with water and cooling the thus formed solution, isolating the thus formed crystals from the aqueous solution,
and then drying the isolated crystals at a temperature of not higher than 100.degree. C.

BRIEF EXPLANATION OF THE DRAWINGS
Of the attached drawings, FIGS. 1 and 2 are the X-ray diffraction patterns of Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt monohydrate, and FIG. 1 shows that of the crystals of .beta. type and FIG. 2 shows that of the crystals of .gamma. type. FIG. 3 shows an X-ray diffraction pattern of the amorphous Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate sodium salt obtained by the publicly known process.
Moreover, FIGS. 4 and 5 are the thermogram of differential thermal analysis of Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt monohydrate, and FIG. 4 shows that of the crystals of .beta. type and FIG. 5 shows that of the crystals of .gamma. type. FIG. 6 shows that of the amorphous Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate sodium salt obtained by the publicly known process.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt according to the present invention takes the following three forms according to the process for producing the monosodium salt.
Namely, the monosodium salt separated from the aqueous solution or suspension of Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate adjusted to pH 9.7 to 13 is amorphous (.alpha. type) and the monohydrate of monosodium salt can take the two crystal forms, namely .beta. type and .gamma.0 type, and the present invention includes any of them.
The ratio of sodium to one mol of Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate in Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt according to the present invention is not less than 0.95 mol, preferably not less than 0.99 mol, namely, nearly agrees with the stoichiometric amount. As compared with the above, the ratio of sodium to one mol of Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate in Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate sodium salt obtained by the conventional process is about 0.75 mol. Accordingly, Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate sodium salt obtained by the conventional process contains a considerable amount of the free acid, Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate, and it is considered that the high content of the free acid is the cause of the high hygroscopicity and the instability of sodium salt obtained by the conventional process.
The .beta. type and .gamma. type crystals of Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt monohydrate according to the present inventio have the following physical and chemical properties.
X-RAY DIFFRACTION PATTERN OF THE CRYSTALS
The X-ray diffraction patterns of the crystals, obtained by an X-ray diffraction apparatus (made by Rigaku-Denki Co.) provided with a Cu X-ray tube with a nickel foil filter and a scintillation counter, were shown in FIG. 1. (.beta. type) and FIG. 2 (.gamma. type), and the results of analysis of the patterns are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1______________________________________Type d (.ANG.) I/I.sub.1______________________________________.beta. type 23.86 1 17.31 0.25 12.99 0.22 12.27 0.15 5.37 0.23 4.39 0.15 3.75 0.27.gamma. type 18.02 1 8.93 0.07 4.98 0.14 4.48 0.21 3.95 0.20______________________________________ Note: Cu; Ni, 30 kV, 20 mA, .lambda. = 1.5405
THERMAL ANALYSIS
As the results of the differential thermal analysis by a thermal analytical apparatus made by SHIMAZU Works (type: DT-30), the .beta. type absorbed heat at 128.degree. C., and the .gamma. type absorbed heat at 98.degree. C. and 113.degree. C., the phenomenon showing the dehydration of crystal water from the specimen. As the results of thermogravimetric analysis, 3% of weight reduction was observed in .beta. type and also in .gamma. type. The thermograms of differential thermal analysis of the specimens are shown in FIG. 4 (.beta. type) and FIG. 5 (.gamma. type).
MOISTURE-CONTENT OF THE CRYSTALS
As a result of measurement of moisture-content of both the crystals by the Karl Fischer's method, the moisture content of the .beta. type crystals was 3.0% and that of the .gamma. type crystals was 2.92%, the data agreeing well with the theoretical value of 2.92% calculated from the molecular formula of C.sub.27 H.sub.49 N.sub.3 NaO.sub.8 P.H.sub.2 O.
The stable Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt according to the present invention can be obtained by the following process.
(A) Production of the stable Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt:
The stable Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt can be obtained by adjusting an aqueous solution or suspension of Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate to pH 9.7 to 13 by sodium hydroxide, then, isolating the monosodium salt from the thus adjusted solution.
As the aqueous solution or suspension of Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate, in addition to the solution prepared by dissolving or suspending Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate into an aqueous solvent, any of the aqueous solution or suspension containing Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate such as a solution or suspension prepared by dissolving or suspending Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate sodium salt containing Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate into an aqueous solvent, etc. can be also used.
As the aqueous solvent, water or a mixed solvent of water and an organic solvent which is miscible with water may be usable. As the organic solvent which is miscible with water, lower alcohols such as methanol, ethanol and propanol, ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone and cyclic ethers, preferably, a cyclic ether having five- or six-membered ring such as tetrahydrofuran and dioxane may be mentioned.
Although the mixing ratio of the organic solvent to water is not particularly restricted, the mixing ratio of the organic solvent is preferably lower than about 50% by volume based on the mixed solvent.
The amount of water used for dissolving or suspending Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate is 0.5 to 10 parts by weight, preferably from 0.8 to 5 parts by weight to 1 part by weight of Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate.
The range of pH of the aqueous solution or suspension which is to be adjusted by sodium hydroxide may be 9.7 to 13, preferably 10.0 to 12.5.
Moreover, although solid sodium hydroxide or an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide can be used in adjustment of pH of the aqueous solution or suspension of Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate, it is preferable to use the aqueous solution because the adjustment is easily carried out.
The adjustment of pH of the aqueous solution or suspension can be carried out under an optimal temperature condition, preferably at a temperature of lower than 50.degree. C. The formation of Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt by the pH-adjustment is finished instantaneously because the reaction is neutralization.
The isolation of the stable Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt according to the present invention can be carried out according to the conventional method. For instance, a method in which the reaction liquid is condensed to dryness to obtain the monosodium salt, a method in which the condensed reaction liquid is cooled to precipitate the monosodium salt or a method in which the above-mentioned water-miscible organic solvent is added to the reaction liquid to precipitate the monosodium salt may be exemplified. The thus precipitated monosodium salt is collected by filtration and dried.
The water-miscible organic solvent may be added into the reaction liquid in an amount sufficient for precipitating the monosodium salt, and the solvent is usually added in an amount of not less than two times, preferably 3 to 5 times of the amount of water in the reaction liquid.
(B) Production of Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt monohydrate:
The monosodium salt in wet state obtained by isolating from the reaction liquid of Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate and sodium hydroxide as described above is suspended in the above-mentioned water-miscible organic solvent, preferably in ethanol, in an amount of 3 to 5 times by weight of the monosodium salt, and after stirring the thus prepared mixture for 10 min or more, preferably for 30 min or more, and more preferably for 2 to 6 hours at a temperature of 30.degree. to 90.degree. C., preferably 50.degree. to 70.degree. C., the thus formed crystals are collected and dried at a temperature of not higher than 100.degree. C., preferably 10.degree. to 100.degree. C. to obtain the .beta. type crystals of Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt monohydrate.
The .beta. type crystals are also available by the steps of adding the above mentioned water-miscible organic solvent, preferably ethanol, to the high concentrated reaction liquid of Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate and sodium hydroxide, then stirring the thus resulted mixture on continued heating at a temperature of 30.degree. to 90.degree. C., isolating the thus formed crystals and drying the isolated crystals.
The .gamma. type crystals of Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt monohydrate are available by the steps of dissolving the .beta. type crystals in a water-miscible organic solvent, preferably methanol or ethanol, by heating preferably to a temperature of 30.degree. to 70.degree. C., more preferably 40.degree. to 60.degree. C. and slowly cooling the thus formed solution, thereby precipitating the crystals. The .gamma. type crystals are also available by the steps of drying under a reduced pressure the monosodium salt in wet state obtained by isolating from the reaction liquid of Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate and sodium hydroxide, then dissolving the thus dried monosodium salt in a water-miscible organic solvent, preferably methanol by heating to, for instance, a temperature of about 30.degree. to about 60.degree. C., preferably about 60.degree. C., slowly cooling the thus formed solution, thereby precipitating the crystals, collecting the thus precipitated crystals and drying the thus collected crystals at a temperature of not higher than 100.degree. C. under a reduced pressure.
In addition, Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate which is the starting material for the stable Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt according to the present invention and the monohydrate thereof can be obtained by publicly known processes, for instance, the processes disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-49588 (1980).
Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt obtained by the process according to the present invention is excellent in stability, and the monohydrate of the monosodium salt is nonhygroscopic and is stable, and accordingly both compounds are suitable for producing the medicines.
The present invention will be explained more in detail while referring to the following non-limitative Examples.
EXAMPLE 1
Into 1.5 liters of water, 500 g of Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate were added and after adjusting the pH of the mixture to 10.8 by sodium hydroxide while stirring the mixture, 6 liters of ethanol were added to the mixture. After standing the mixture to cool for 16 hours, the thus formed precipitate was collected by centrifugation to obtain Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt in wet state.
By drying the thus obtained wet salt at 30.degree. C. under a reduced pressure, 332 g of amorphous (.alpha. type) Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt of m.p. 223.degree. C. (decomposition) were obtained.
The purity of the thus obtained product was 99.5% according to liquid chromatography and E.sub.1 cm.sup.1% (273 nm, 0.1N NaOH) was 152.3.
The same result as above was obtained when acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, tetrahydrofurane or dioxane was added instead of ethanol to precipitate the monosodium salt.
EXAMPLE 2
To 2.40 g of Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate (a dried material) 6 ml of water were added and after adjusting the mixture to pH 12.0 with aqueous 1N solution of sodium hydroxide, 30 ml of ethanol were added to the mixture and the mixture was stirred for 3 hours at 55.degree. C. After cooling the mixture for 16 hours by standing, the precipitate was collected by filtration and dried for 10 hours at 30.degree. C. under a reduced pressure to obtain 1.83 g of Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt (.alpha. type) of m.p. 220.degree. C. (decomposition). The purity of the thus obtained product was 99.5% according to liquid chromatography and E.sub.1 cm.sup.1% (273 nm, 0.1n NaOH) was 150.9.
EXAMPLE 3
To 2.40 g of Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate 10 ml of water were added and after adjusting the mixture to pH 10.0 by sodium hydroxide while stirring the mixture, the thus formed solution was condensed to dryness under a reduced pressure to obtain 2.30 g of Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt (.alpha. type).
The melting point of the thus obtained product was 219.8.degree. C. (decomposition), the purity thereof was 99.1% by liquid chromatography and E.sub.1 cm.sup.1% (273 nm, 0.1N NaOH) was 152.6.
EXAMPLE 4
To 6.4 g (10 mmol) of N.sup.4,O.sup.2',O.sup.3' -triacetyl-Ara-C-5'-phosphate tri-n-butyl ammonium salt, 5 g of stearyl alcohol, 30 ml of pyridine and 8 g of p-toluenesulfonyl chloride were added and the mixture was maintained at 40.degree. C. for 3 hours. Then, the reaction mixture was extracted after adding 50 ml of water and 50 ml of chloroform.
Deacetylation of the triacetyl compound in the chloroform solution was carried out by adding 20 ml of aqueous ammonia and ethanol thereto and the deacetylate was extracted with water.
After collecting the aqueous layer, the aqueous layer was adjusted to pH 2.5 by adding conc. hydrochloric acid, and the precipitated Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate was collected by filtration. After adding 20 ml of water to the thus obtained precipitates and adjusting the solution to pH 10.5 by an aqueous 1N solution of sodium hydroxide, 80 ml of ethanol were added to the solution. By collecting the generated precipitate through filtration, Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt (.alpha. type) was obtained in wet state, and by drying the wet material in the same manner as in Example 2, 4.20 g of Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt (.alpha. type) of m.p. 221.degree. C. (decomposition) were obtained.
The purity of the thus obtained product was 99.62% by liquid chromatography and E.sub.1 cm.sup.1% (273 nm, 0.1N NaOH) was 151.4.
EXAMPLE 5
After adding 50 ml of water to 10 g of Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate obtained in the same manner as in Example 4, sodium hydroxide was added to adjust the mixture to pH 10.5 while stirring the mixture.
After stirring the mixture for 30 min, 120 ml of 95% ethanol were added to the mixture to precipitate the monosodium salt and the precipitated monosodium salt was collected by filtration.
The thus collected monosodium salt in wet state (moisture-content, about 20% by weight) amounting to 8.5 g was suspended in 30 ml of ethanol and after stirring the suspension for 90 min, the thus treated suspension was subjected to filtration to obtain crystals. The thus obtained crystals were dried at 40.degree. C. under a reduced pressure to obtain Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt monohydrate (crystals of .beta. type) of m.p. 221.degree. C. (decomposition).
The results of X-ray diffraction analysis of the thus obtained product are shown in FIG. 1 and Table 1, and the result of differential thermal analysis of the product is shown in FIG. 4.
EXAMPLE 6
The monosodium salt in wet state obtained in Example 5 was dried for 16 hours at 60.degree. C. under a reduced pressure. Six grams of the thus dried product were dissolved in 20 ml of methanol by heating to 60.degree. C., and after completely dissolving the product, the thus formed solution was slowly cooled to precipitate the crystals and the crystals were collected by filtration and dried at 60.degree. C. under a reduced pressure to obtain the .gamma. type crystals of Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt monohydrate of m.p. 226.degree. C. (decomposition). The results of X-ray diffraction analysis of the thus obtained crystals are shown in FIG. 2 and Table 1, the results of differential thermal analysis thereof being shown in FIG. 5.
EXAMPLE 7
To 10 g of Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate, 30 ml of water were added and after adjusting the pH of the mixture to 10.5 by 5N sodium hydroxide, 50 ml of ethanol were added to the thus formed solution with stirring at about 40.degree. C. to precipitate the monosodium salt.
The mixture was heated to 65.degree. C. and after adding the seed crystal of Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt monohydrate (.beta. type), the mixture was maintained with stirring while keeping the temperature for 5 hours to form crystals. After microscopically confirming the completion of crystallization, 20 ml of ethanol were added to the mixture and the mixture was gradually cooled.
After one night, the crystals were filtrated and by drying under a reduced pressure 8.9 g of Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt monohydrate (crystals of .beta. type) of m.p. 220.degree. C. (decomposition) were obtained.
The purity of the thus obtained product was 99.7% by liquid chromatography and E.sub.1 cm.sup.1% (273 nm, 0.1N NaOH) was 153.0.
TEST EXAMPLE 1
The excellent stability of Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt obtained by the process according to the present invention is explained by the following experiment.
1. Specimen
A. Product of the present invention:
Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt obtained in Example 1.
B. Product of the present invention:
Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt obtained in Example 2
C. Comparative specimen:
Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate sodium salt produced by the process disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-49588 (1980).
2. Test method
Each 1 g of the products of the present invention (Specimens A and B) and the comparative specimen (Specimen C) in a weighing bottle was allowed to stand for 14 months at 25.degree. C. and for 3 months at 50.degree. C. respectively over a saturated NaCl solution in a desiccator (RH of 74 to 76%), and the amount of Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt in the specimen before and after storage, and the content of the decomposition product in the specimen were measured.
3. Test results
The results of measurement before and after storage are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2______________________________________ 25.degree. C. and RH of 76% 50.degree. C. and RH of 74% before after beforeSpecimen test 14 mon. test after 3 mon.______________________________________A 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0(present invention) (0.0) (0.0) (0.0) (0.0)B 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0(present invention) (0.0) (0.0) (0.0) (0.0)C 100.0 93.7 100.0 58.6(comparison) (0.0) (6.3) (0.0) (41.4)______________________________________ Note: The numeral value within the parentheses shows the rate of decomposition.
As are shown in Table 2, the monosodium salt according to the present invention did not decompose after storage for 14 months at 25.degree. C. and RH of 76% and also after storage for 3 months at 50.degree. C. and RH of 74%, and therefore the monosodium salt according to the present invention was stable. On the other hand, the reduction of the content was observed in the comparative specimen under the same conditions as above, and also it was found that the reduction of the content was remarkable particularly after standing at 50.degree. C. and RH of 74%.
TEST EXAMPLE 2
The hygroscopicity and the stability upon storage of Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt monohydrate (.beta. type crystals and .gamma. type crystals) were tested as follows.
Hygroscopicity
The .beta. type crystals dried at 50.degree. C. under a reduced pressure of 5 mmHg and also the .gamma. type crystals dried under the same conditions as above were stored under the conditions of a temperature of 25.degree. C. and RH of 93% for 3 days, however, any change in the weight was not observed both in the .beta. type and .gamma. type. Namely, both the crystals are nonhygroscopic.
Test for stability in storage (severe test for stability)
Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt monohydrate (.beta. type and .gamma. type) was stored for one month at 65.degree. C. and RH of 73%, and the content after storage was measured.
As a result, the content after storage of both the .beta. type crystals and the .gamma. type crystals was 99.9% which was the same as the value before storage. Namely, Ara-C-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt monohydrate scarcely decomposed and was very stable.

Number	Date	Country	Kind
61-63963	Mar 1986	JPX
61-114680	May 1986	JPX

Number	Date	Country
52-89681	Jul 1977	JPX
0129299	Oct 1980	JPX

Process for producing 1-.beta.-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine-5'-stearylphosphate monosodium salt and monohydrate thereof

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Entry
Saneyoshi et al, Chem. Phar. Bull., 28(10), 2915-2923.
Proceedings of The Japanese Cancer Association, the 35th Annual Meeting, 476: 133 (Oct. 1976).