The present invention relates to a process for producing a catalyst for exhaust gas purification and the thus produced catalyst for exhaust gas purification.
To purify exhaust gas emitted from an automobile or any other similar vehicle, a catalyst for exhaust gas purification has been used in recent years. A known catalyst for exhaust gas purification of this type includes a honeycomb support on which a coating layer containing a catalyst component is formed. A catalyst for exhaust gas purification of this type is structurally characterized in that the exhaust gas purification efficiency can be improved by increasing the area brought into contact with exhaust gas. To increase the area brought into contact with exhaust gas, a variety of measures have been employed, for example, increasing the number of cells of the honeycomb support, reducing the thickness of the ribs of the honeycomb support, and changing the shape of the honeycomb support from a conventional rectangular-cell honeycomb support to a hexagonal-cell honeycomb support (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open NOs. 5-285397, 6-71182, 7-289918, and 2003-245547, for example).
Increasing the area brought into contact with exhaust gas in prior art, however, disadvantageously reduces the strength of the catalyst for exhaust gas purification and significantly increase the manufacturing cost of the catalyst for exhaust gas purification.
The present invention has been made in view of the problems of prior art described above. An object of the present invention is to provide a process for producing a catalyst for exhaust gas purification capable of increasing the area brought into contact with exhaust gas to improve the exhaust gas purification efficiency without decrease in strength of the catalyst for exhaust gas purification and without significant increase in manufacturing cost of the catalyst for exhaust gas purification, and the thus produced catalyst for exhaust gas purification.
To solve the problems described above, the present invention provides a process for producing a catalyst for exhaust gas purification formed by forming a coating layer containing a catalyst component on a honeycomb support, characterized in that the method comprises immersing the honeycomb support in a thixotropic slurry containing the catalyst component or sucking the slurry into the honeycomb support, removing the honeycomb support from the slurry, spraying pulsed air onto an end surface of the removed honeycomb support in the axial direction thereof, and baking the honeycomb support to form the coating layer on the honeycomb support.
In the present invention, the slurry is characterized in that it contains poly-carboxylic acid or a poly-carboxylate salt.
In the present invention, the slurry is characterized in that it is adjusted to have a viscosity ranging from 3500 to 10000 mPa·s.
The present invention further provides a catalyst for exhaust gas purification produced by any one of the manufacturing methods described above.
The slurry of the present invention contains a catalyst component and has thixotropy. Thixotropy is a property in which the viscosity of a material decreases with time when the material is forced to flow at a constant shear velocity and the viscosity returns to the original value again when the flow is stopped and the material is kept stationary for a while. The slurry of the present invention is obtained by adding aluminum sulfate, ammonia, calcium carbonate, and other suitable substances, preferably adding poly-carboxylic acid or a poly-carboxylate salt, to enhance the thixotropy and increase the viscosity. An example of the poly-carboxylate salt may be poly-carboxylic acid ammonium. It is preferred that poly-carboxylic acid or a poly-carboxylate salt is added to the slurry immediately before the slurry is used and the viscosity of the slurry is adjusted as appropriate before the slurry is used.
The honeycomb support is then immersed in the slurry of the present invention or the slurry of the present invention is sucked into the honeycomb support. Thereafter, the honeycomb support is removed from the slurry, and pulsed air is sprayed onto an end surface of the removed honeycomb support. In this process, a turbulent flow is produced in the honeycomb support. The flow rate of the air preferably ranges from 10 to 150 m/s. The turbulent flow stretches the perimeter of the coating layer, and hence the surface area thereof increases. In a catalyst for exhaust gas purification formed by forming a coating layer containing a catalyst component on a honeycomb support, in general, increase in the surface area of the coating layer increases the area brought into contact with exhaust gas and hence improves the exhaust gas purification efficiency. Therefore, according to the present invention, the surface area of the coating layer increases, whereby the area brought into contact with exhaust gas increases and hence the exhaust gas purification efficiency is improved. Further, in the present invention, a conventional honeycomb support can be used as it is, and it is not necessary to increase the number of cells of the honeycomb support or reduce the thickness of the ribs of the honeycomb support. Additionally, in the present invention, it is not necessary to change the shape of the honeycomb support from a conventional rectangular-cell honeycomb support to a hexagonal-cell honeycomb support. Therefore, according to the present invention, the strength of the catalyst for exhaust gas purification will not decrease and the manufacturing cost of the catalyst for exhaust gas purification will not significantly increase. The present invention can therefore increase the area brought into contact with exhaust gas to improve the exhaust gas purification efficiency without decrease in strength of the catalyst for exhaust gas purification and without significant increase in manufacturing cost of the catalyst for exhaust gas purification.
The present application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-219749 filed on Aug. 27, 2007, the contents of which is incorporated herein.
10 honeycomb support (having been immersed in a slurry)
20 air blow gun
The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to an embodiment.
In the present embodiment, a catalyst for exhaust gas purification was produced as follows: That is, in the present embodiment, a palladium nitrate solution was first dripped onto highly heat-resistant y-alumina powder.
The mixture was then dried and baked at 500° C. Alumina palladium powder was thus obtained.
The alumina palladium powder (45 g/l, the amount of Pd on the carrier was 0.8 g/l) was mixed with CeZrNd complex oxide (5.7 g/l), cerium oxide (11.4 g/l), and a zirconia binder (7.8 g/l). Distilled water (ranging from 265 to 310 g) was added to the mixture. The resultant product was agitated and mixed in a disperser into a slurry. The slurry was then crashed in a wet crusher so that the median diameter of the slurry was 5 μm or smaller. Thereafter, the slurry was mixed with a poly-carboxylate salt (2.7 g, corresponding to 6.75 g of Product Name “Alpha-resin SA-300” (made by ALFA KAREN CORPORATION). The mixture was agitated and mixed in the disperser into a slurry having enhanced thixotropy and increased viscosity. The viscosity of the slurry was measured several times to find out that the viscosity ranged from 3500 to 10000 mPa·s. A honeycomb support made of cordierite was immersed in the slurry, and the honeycomb support was removed out of the slurry. While the honeycomb support made of cordierite is immersed in the slurry and then the honeycomb support is removed out of the slurry in the present embodiment, the present invention is not limited to the method described in the present embodiment. For example, the slurry may be sucked into the honeycomb support made of cordierite and then the honeycomb support may be removed.
Thereafter, a predetermined air blow gun 20 was used to spray pulsed air successively in the axial direction of the gun onto an end surface 10a of the removed honeycomb support 10 (that is, pulsed air was blown at a high flow rate). In the resultant complex air flow, or with the grid of the honeycomb support 10 being resistance to the air, a turbulent flow was produced in the honeycomb support 10. The turbulent flow removed extra slurry from the honeycomb support, and the surface of the honeycomb support was coated with a predetermined amount of slurry. Thereafter, the honeycomb support was baked in a baking furnace at 500° C. so that a coating layer was formed on the honeycomb support. A catalyst for exhaust gas purification was thus obtained.
According to the process for producing a catalyst for exhaust gas purification of the present embodiment (hereinafter referred to as an “inventive method”), a coating layer is formed on each cell of the rectangular-cell honeycomb support, as shown in
As shown in
Next, to confirm the result described above and how much the exhaust gas purification efficiency will be improved, the NOx purification rate of the catalysts for exhaust gas purification provided in the present embodiment and the comparison example was examined. The NOx purification rate was measured based on an EM purification performance test (engine bench aging 60 h). The EM purification performance test (engine bench aging 60 h) is an engine durability test (test duration 60 h) using a predetermined bench engine (an in-line four-cylinder, 2.0-litter engine). Specifically, the NOx purification rate was measured by switching the driving mode between idling and 4000-rpm driving every one minute, placing the catalysts for exhaust gas purification one at a time at the outlet of an EX manifold, and setting the temperature at the inlet of the EX manifold at 850° C. at the maximum.
As shown in
In addition to the present embodiment and the comparison example, tests similar to those described above were carried out by using a different formulation of the slurry. The results were the same as those for the present embodiment and the comparison example. Specifically, a catalyst for exhaust gas purification was produced by using alumina palladium powder (45 g/l, the amount of Pd on the carrier of 26 g/l) and changing the amounts of the added distilled water and poly-carboxylate salt to a value ranging from 185 to 230 g and 1.4 g, (using 3.50 g of Product Name “Alpha-resin SA-300” (made by ALFA KAKEN CORPORATION)) respectively. Coating layers similar to those shown in
The inventive method can not only increase the area brought into contact with exhaust gas to improve the NOx purification rate as described above, but also improve the exhaust gas purification efficiency for hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), and other exhaust gas as well as NOx. Further, in the inventive method, a conventional honeycomb support can be used as it is, and it is not necessary to increase the number of cells of the honeycomb support or reduce the thickness of the ribs of the honeycomb support. Additionally, in the inventive method, it is not necessary to change the shape of the honeycomb support from a conventional rectangular-cell honeycomb support to a hexagonal-cell honeycomb support. The inventive method can therefore increase the area brought into contact with exhaust gas to improve the exhaust gas purification efficiency without decrease in strength of the catalyst for exhaust gas purification and without significant increase in manufacturing cost of the catalyst for exhaust gas purification.
While in the inventive method described above, a poly-carboxylate salt is added to the slurry to enhance the thixotropy and increase the viscosity of the slurry, poly-carboxylic acid, aluminum sulfate, ammonia, calcium carbonate, and other suitable substances may be added to the slurry to enhance the thixotropy and increase the viscosity thereof. For example, when aluminum sulfate, ammonia, and calcium carbonate are added to the slurry, aluminum sulfate (2.3 g/l), ammonia (2.2 g/l), and calcium carbonate (3.4 g/l) can be added to the alumina palladium powder (45 g/l, the amount of Pd on the carrier is 0.8 g/l), CeZrNd complex oxide (5.7 g/l), cerium oxide (11.4 g/l), a zirconia binder (7.8 g/l), and distilled water (80 to 120 g) to provide a slurry having thixotropy.
The present invention can provide a process for producing a catalyst for exhaust gas purification capable of increasing the area brought into contact with exhaust gas to improve the exhaust gas purification efficiency without decrease in strength of the catalyst for exhaust gas purification and without significant increase in manufacturing cost of the catalyst for exhaust gas purification, and the thus produced catalyst for exhaust gas purification.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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2007-219749 | Aug 2007 | JP | national |
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
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PCT/JP2008/065028 | 8/22/2008 | WO | 00 | 3/23/2010 |