Patent Application
20230141227
The invention relates to a process for producing coloured cardboard in a cardboard production apparatus, wherein the cardboard production apparatus comprises a pulp colouring apparatus for colouring a pulp with at least a sulphur dye. The invention further relates to coloured cardboard produced by such a process.
It is known to colour pulp, which is used in producing cardboard, with sulphur dyes. Sulphur dyes provide high-quality colouring of cardboard and have certain advantages in producing cardboard. After all, sulphur dyes applied in cardboard do not discolour, do not bleed, provide practically colourless flowback water and having a low cost price.
Due to adding a sulphur dye to the pulp, the pH-value of the pulp increases (typically to pH=10 to 11 as an order of magnitude). During the production process this high pH-value needs to be decreased (to pH=6.5 to 7.0), because otherwise the dye would not precipitate in the right form on and in the fibers of the pulp.
In producing coloured cardboard it is known to acidify the pulp, to which a sulphur dye has been added, with hydrochloric acid, alum or acetic acid. However, this kind of acidification causes substantial environmental problems. For, in acidification with hydrochloric acid (a strong acid), at the location of an injected jet of hydrochloric acid there is released very much H2S, which is a toxic and explosive chemical. And acidification with alum or acetic acid (weak acids) undesirably results into leaving behind of acid radicals in the waste water, which causes various problems and overloading in the waste water purification. Acidification with alum for example leads to an excess of sulphate in the effluent.
Because of these environmental problems, in producing coloured cardboard, with its open processes, sulphur dyes are used less and less.
It is an object of the invention to provide a solution for producing cardboard coloured with a sulphur dye, wherein the above-mentioned environmental problems are prevented.
For that purpose the invention provides a process according to the appended claim 1, as well as coloured cardboard according to the appended claim 2.
Hence, the invention provides a process for producing coloured cardboard in a cardboard production apparatus, wherein the cardboard production apparatus comprises a pulp colouring apparatus for colouring a pulp with at least a sulphur dye,
It appears that, thanks to thus applying carbon dioxide to the pulp and the sulphur dye mixed with the pulp, the sulphur dye precipitates in the right form on and in the fibers of the pulp, without the above-mentioned environmental problems that occur in the above-mentioned known manners of acidification of pulp to which a sulphur dye is added.
This is explained as follows. Carbon dioxide is one of the weakest acids. The pKa-value of carbon dioxide is 6.3 as an order of magnitude, whereby the pH-value of the acidified coloured pulp mixture does not easily get below 6.8. Because of that, the equilibrium H2↔HS−↔S− stays as much as possible away from the undesirable H2S form. In addition, according to the invention the carbon dioxide is applied under pressure, whereby relatively much carbon dioxide dissolves and the acidified coloured pulp mixture acquires a pH-value lying between 6.5 and 7.0, and in preferable embodiments lying between 6.6 en 6.8. Hereby the sulphur dye precipitates in the right form on and in the fibers of the pulp, whereby an excellent colouring result is obtained. The ‘under pressure’ application has the additional advantage that the H2S remainder stays dissolved. At pressure release, the pH-value increases again, whereby the H2S remainder converts again in HS−. The acid radical is HCO3−, which is not environmentally troublesome.
In the following the invention is further elucidated with reference to a non-limiting embodiment, with reference to the schematical
The cardboard production apparatus 1 of
In the shown example the first pulp reservoir 11 of the pulp colouring apparatus 2 is a mixing tank having therein a mixture of paper pulp, with a fiber concentration of more than 2%, and a sulphur dye. In this example the sulphur dye is black sulphur. The pH-value of the mixture in this mixing tank lies between 10 and 11. The pulp duct structure comprises ducts 4 and 5, in which the pump 8 is placed with a working head. The pulp duct structure further comprises a curvy duct 6. The duct 6 is relatively thin (DN150) in order to obtain a relatively high velocity of the pulp mixture being pumped therein.
The carbon dioxide injection means 9 is connected to the duct 6, that is to say relatively shortly after the pump 8, where the pressure is relatively high and where the velocity of the pulp mixture is higher than 2.5 m/sec. This promotes turbulence, which is favourable for good mixing.
Downstream of the duct 6 the pulp duct structure further comprises a duct 7, which is relatively long and relatively thick (DN250) for obtaining a long residence time of the pulp mixture being acidified in the duct 7. In the shown example the duct 7 comprises curvy sections 7A to improve the mixing action.
At its downstream end the duct 7 is connected to the pulp injection means 10 in the form of the shown nozzle structure 10. Via this nozzle structure 10 the acidified coloured pulp mixture 14 is injected out of the duct 7 into the second pulp reservoir 12. The second pulp reservoir 12 is a mixing reservoir in which the coloured pulp mixture 14 is further mixed.
The injection into the second pulp reservoir 12 takes place at a distance of at least 2 meter below the level 15 of the coloured pulp mixture 14 in the second pulp reservoir 12. Preferably this injection takes place as low as possible below in the second pulp reservoir 12. This injection as low as possible below in the second pulp reservoir 12 is important to keep the pressure drop along the nozzle structure 10 low, in order to thereby avoid excessive stripping of carbon dioxide from the vena contracta of the nozzle structure 10. For, excessive stripping of the carbon dioxide could disturb the pulp flow in the second pulp reservoir 12. Furthermore, the nozzle structure 10 does not have only one, but a plurality of exit flow openings, whereby the pulp flow is not or hardly blocked in case of stripping.
By the shown pump 17 the coloured pulp mixture 14 is pumped, via the shown ducts 16, 18 and 19, out of the second pulp reservoir 12 towards the cardboard production parts 3 of the cardboard production apparatus 1 for producing coloured cardboard.
Keeping the coloured pulp mixture 14 in the second pulp reservoir 12 at a sufficiently high level 15 can be realized via frequency control of the pump 17.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2025251 | Mar 2020 | NL | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/NL2021/050065 | 2/3/2021 | WO |
