Process using CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 and olefins for producing diiodo fluorocompounds, and products thereof

Abstract

A process is disclosed for making diiodofluorinated compounds of the formula ICF.sub.2 (A).sub.n I wherein n is an integer of at least 1 and each A is CXYCQZ wherein each X, Y, Q, and Z are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, Cl, R.sub.F and OR.sub.F, and R.sub.F is a perfluoroalkyl group or perfluorinated polyether group wherein one or more of the fluorines is optionally replaced by a substituent selected from the group consisting of chlorine, bromine, iodine, hydrogen, sulfonyl fluoride, nitrile, ester, acyl chloride and acyl fluoride. The process involves reacting an olefin of the formula CXY.dbd.CQZ with CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 at a temperature in the range of from about 120.degree. C. to 240.degree. C.Diiodofluorinated compounds of the formula ICF.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CHR.sub.F I are also disclosed.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to diiodofluorinated compounds and their production, and more particularly to using CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 and olefinic compounds as reactants for producing diiodofluorinated compounds.

BACKGROUND

Diiodoperfluoroalkanes are useful as chain transfer reagents for fluoroelastomers and in the free radical polymerization of fluorinated vinyl monomers. See U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,243,770 and 4,361,678. The reaction of CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 with olefins allows the stepwise addition to the chain, thereby providing controlled chain growth. The production of these diiodoperfluoroalkanes at relatively high yields has been hampered in the past by the lack of a method by which to produce relatively high yield and purity CF.sub.2 I.sub.2. However, as described in commonly held U.S. patent application Ser. No. 60/012,160, filed Feb. 23, 1996, a priority document listed for PCT International Publication No. WO 97/30957, CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 can be produced in sufficiently high yields to facilitate the reactions described below.

Commonly held U.S. Pat. No. 5,504,248 describes the production of diiodofluoroalkanes by reacting I.sub.2 with hexafluorocyclopropane. This process involves a relatively complex ring-opening reaction, and uses relatively expensive starting materials.

Elsheimer, et al., J. Org. Chem. 1984, 49, pp. 205-207, discloses reactions of CF.sub.2 1.sub.2 with hydrocarbon olefins to produce iododifluoroalkenes viaphotolysis, or diiododifluoroalkanes via reactions catalyzed by peroxide at temperatures less than 100.degree. C. The use of peroxides to form the diiododifluoroalkanes could result in the production of other reaction products, which would have to be separated from the desired products, thus adding an additional step, as well as the associated costs involved with such purification.

Many citations are found throughout the literature describing diiodofluorinated compounds, but interest continues in developing new, efficient processes for producing selected diiodofluorinated compounds.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

A process is provided for making diiodofluorinated compounds of the formula ICF.sub.2 (A).sub.n I wherein n is an integer of at least 1 and each A is CXYCQZ wherein each X, Y, Q, and Z are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, Cl, R.sub.F and OR.sub.F, and R.sub.F is a perfluoroalkyl group containing 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a perfluorinated polyether group containing from 2 to 20 carbon atoms wherein one or more of the fluorines of said perfluoroalkyl or perfluorinated polyether group is optionally replaced by a substituent selected from the group consisting of chlorine, bromine, iodine, hydrogen, sulfonyl fluoride, nitrile, ester, acyl chloride and acyl fluoride. The process comprises reacting an olefin of the formula CXY=CQZ with CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 at a temperature in the range of from about 120.degree. C. to 240.degree. C.

Diiodofluorinated compounds of the formula ICF.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CHR.sub.F I, where RF is as indicated above, are also provided in accordance with this invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

This invention provides a process by which CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 is reacted with olefins to produce diiodofluorinated compounds, generally described in Equation (I) below:

CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 +CXY.dbd.CQZ.fwdarw.ICF.sub.2 (A).sub.n I (I) In Equation (I), A represents (CXYCQZ), and X, Y, Q and Z are each independently H, F, Cl, R.sub.F or OR.sub.F, and preferably at least one of X, Y, Q and Z is F. The number of repeat units of A, as represented by n in Equation (I) is 1 or greater and is preferably from 1 to about 5, more preferably from 1 to 3. Of note are embodiments where n is 1; embodiments where n is 2; and embodiments where n is 3.

The process represented by Equation (I) takes place at an elevated temperature. It has been found in accordance with this invention that when conducted at temperatures of about 120.degree. C. or above, the reaction needs no chemical catalyst or initiator to proceed. Indeed, the process of this inveniton is typically conducted in the substantial absence of a catalyst or initiator. By "substantial absence of catalyst or initiator" is meant that the reaction would effectively proceed even in the absence of any catalyst or initiator which might be added. By "catalyst or initiator" is meant materials or chemicals such as, for example, peroxides or azo compounds, which have been previously required to produce diiodofluorinated compounds at lower temperatures.

The temperature range is generally between about 120.degree. C. and about 240.degree. C., and is preferably between about 170.degree. C. and about 190.degree. C. The process can take place in the liquid or gas phase. Liquid phase reactions may be conducted in solution in inert solvents such as, for example, fluorocarbons, fluorochlorocarbons and hydrofluorocarbons, or (preferably) may be conducted neat. Although not necessary, if the reaction is carried out in the liquid state, moderate agitation is preferred. It is also preferred that oxygen and water are excluded from the reaction, and it may be convenient to carry out the reaction under an inert gas blanket, such as nitrogen.

Pressure is not critical, autogenous pressure (of all the ingredients) being generally the convenient operation pressure. Typically, the reaction is conducted at pressure within the range of from about 20 psi (about 138 Pa) to about 1000 psi (about 6900 Pa). Non-limiting examples of reaction vessels include shaker tubes, tanks, autoclaves and reactors.

It is noted that for each addition of olefinic starting material, the unit A can have either of two orientations, with either carbon involved with the olefinic bond, attaching to the end carbon of the iodo reactant. Accordingly, where the carbons involved with the olefinic bond are differently substituted, the addition of each A group can result in either of two products. Thus for example, when n is 1, the reaction can be represented as:

CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 +CXY.dbd.CQZ.fwdarw.ICF.sub.2 CXYCQZI+ICF.sub.2 CQZCXYI(II)

When X, Y and Z are each H in Equation (II), the reaction may be represented by Equation (III) below: ##STR1## Both fluorinated or non-fluorinated olefins, as determined by the composition of Q, give relatively good yields of adducts. When reacted with ethylene, a relatively higher yield of adduct 4 is obtained, as described in Example 1 below. A mixture of regioisomers 4 and 5 is, however, formed with propylene and vinyl fluoride (Examples 2 and 8, respectively). Fluoroalkyl substituted olefins or fluorinated polyether subsstituted olefin such as CH.sub.2 .dbd.CHRF where RF is highly fluorinated (Examples 3 and 4) also undergo an addition reaction with CF.sub.2 1.sub.2 to give 4 exclusively. Examples of highly fluorinated RF groups include CF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 Br, CF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 I, and perfluoroalkyl groups (e.g., C.sub.4 F.sub.9, C.sub.6 F.sub.13 and C.sub.8 F.sub.17 groups).

Preferably at least one of X, Y, Z and Q is F. When X and Y are each F in Equation (I), the reaction may be represented by Equation (IV) below: ##STR2## Of note are embodiments of Equation (IV) where Q is F, H, RF or ORF and embodiments where Z is F. Fluorinated olefins such as CF.sub.2 .dbd.CFH, CF.sub.2 =CFCF.sub.3 and CF.sub.2 .dbd.CH.sub.2 give mixtures of regioisomers 6 and 7. Unlike other perfluoroalkyl iodides, CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 cleanly adds to perfluorovinyl ethers of the formula CF.sub.2 .ident.CFOR.sub.F to give compound 6 (Q.dbd.ORF), along with small amounts of compound 7 (Q.dbd.OR.sub.F). The functional groups such as ester, sulfonyl fluoride and nitrile in the vinyl ethers do not interfere with the addition reaction, so that various functional diiodocompounds may be prepared, as found in Examples 12-15. When the reaction mixture of fluorovinyl ethers and CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 is subjected to prolonged heating, as in Examples 12 and 15, the initially formed compound 6, in Equation (V) below, where Q.dbd.ORF, decomposes to ICF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 COF and R.sub.F I (see also U.S. Pat. No. 5,504,248). ##STR3## The addition of R.sub.F I to tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), as shown in Example 5, gives a broad distribution of telomers. See also Chemistry of Organic Fluorine Compounds, 2nd Ed. M. Hudlicky, 1992, p. 420-427). While CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 reacts with TFE, the main product is a 1:1 adduct (ICF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 I) with only small amounts of 1:2 adduct (I(CF.sub.2).sub.5 I) and trace of 1:3 adduct (I(CF.sub.2).sub.7 I), as shown in Equation (VI) below: ##STR4## When CF.sub.2 .dbd.CFCI is reacted with CF.sub.2 I.sub.2, a mixture of 1:1 and 1:2 adducts is formed, as shown in Equation (VII) below, where n.dbd.2.

CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 +CF.sub.2 .dbd.CFCI.fwdarw.ICF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CFCII+ICF.sub.2 (CF.sub.2 CFCI).sub.2 1 (VII)

Other higher homologs are also formed (e.g., n is 3, 4, etc.). In general, higher ratios of olefinic starting materials to CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 yield higher telomers (i.e., n is higher). The degree of telomerization is limited by product solidification.

Preferably, the ratio of olefinic starting material to CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 is from about 1:1 to 5:1.

The diiodocompounds formed by the instant process, when one of X, Y, Z or Q is a functional group as represented by RF or ORF, may be used to chain extend or graft the resulting polymer onto another polymer, or to react to form a specific chain end which may act to change the polymer's surface properties. One example of this would be the production of a potential surfactant material when RF is a fluorinated ester or fluorinated sulfonyl group.

Compounds provided by this invention include compounds where each A is (CH.sub.2 CHR.sub.F). Of note are compounds of this type having the formula ICF.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CHR.sub.F I.

In the Examples below. unless otherwise specified, all reagents were used as received from Aldrich Chemical Co., Milwaukee, Wis. CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 was made according to the procedure as described in co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 60/012,160.

Gas chromatography (GC) was performed on an HP 5890 II Plus gas chromatograph (Hewlett Packard, Wilmington, Del.), using a 20% OV-210 column (Supelco, Bellefonte, Pa.), with an initial temperature of 50.degree. C., a final temperature of 250.degree. C., and a rate of 15.degree. C./min. The .sub.1 H and .sup.19 F nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data were obtained using a GE Plus NMR spectometer (General Electric, Schenectady, N.Y.). All measurements are relative to deuterated chloroform (CDCl.sub.3). Ratios given are those for peak areas by GC or molar ratios based on NMR data as designated in the specific examples. High resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) was done using a Micromass-7070H (VG Analytical, Manchester, UK).

The reaction products were obtained by distillation, and their boiling points (bp, .degree. C.) were obtained. Elemental analyses were obtained by routine methods.

The following abbreviations are used in the Examples below:

s=singlet NMR peak d=doublet NMR peak t=triplet NMR peak m=multiplet NMR peak

EXAMPLE 1

Reaction of CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 with Ethylene

A 75 mL of shaker tube was charged with 30.5 g of CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 and cooled to -78.degree. C. The tube was evacuated and then 4.0 g of ethylene was added. After the tube was heated at 185.degree. C. for 5 hour, 30.3 g of crude product was obtained which was distilled to give 27.3 g of adduct with 100% GC purity, bp 94-95.degree. C./50 mmHg. .sup.19 F NMR: -39.1 (t, J=14.3 Hz); .sup.1 H NMR: 3.21 (t, J=7.3 Hz, 2H), 2.95 (m, 2H). HRMS: calcd for C.sub.3 H.sub.4 F.sub.2 I.sub.2 : 331.8371. Found: 331.8336. Anal: calcd for C.sub.3 H.sub.4 F.sub.2 I.sub.2 : C, 10.86; H, 1.21; F, 11.45; I, 76, 48. Found: C, 10.84; H, 1.25; F, 11.59; I, 75.96.

EXAMPLE 2

Reaction of CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 with Propylene

A 75 mL of shaker tube was charged with 30.5 g of CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 and cooled to -78.degree. C. The tube was evacuated and then 5.0 g of propylene was added. After the tube was heated at 185.degree. C. for 5 hour, 31.6 g of crude product was obtained which was distilled to give 28.7 g of product, bp 106-107.degree. C./4.8 mmHg. GC and NMR indicated a mixture of ICF.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CHICH.sub.3 and ICH.sub.2 CH(CF.sub.2 I)CF.sub.3 in a ratio of 13 to 1. .sup.19 F NMR: for major product: -35.4 (ddd J=173 Hz, J=18.4 Hz, J=8.7 Hz, 1F), -38.3 (dt, J=173 Hz, J=16.4 Hz, 1F). 1H NMR: 4.35 (m, 1H), 3.28 (m, 1H), 2.90 (m, 1H), 2.00 (d, J=7.0 Hz. 3H). HRMS: calcd for C.sub.4 H.sub.7 F.sub.2 I.sub.2 : 345.8527. Found: 345.8565 for ICF.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CHICH.sub.3 and 345.8510 for ICH.sub.2 CH(CF.sub.2 I)CH.sub.3. Anal: calcd for C.sub.4 H.sub.7 F.sub.2 I.sub.2 : C, 13.89; H, 1.75; F, 10.98; I, 73.38. Found: C, 13.99; H, 1.98; F, 10.80; I, 73.34.

EXAMPLE 3

Reaction of CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 with 4-bromo-3,3,4,4-tetrafluorobutene-1

A 75 mL of shaker tube was charged with 30.5 g of CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 and 21.0 g of BrCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CH.dbd.CH.sub.2 and cooled to -78.degree. C. The tube was evacuated and then heated at 180.degree. C. for 2.5 hour. 31.6 g of crude product was obtained which was washed with aqueous Na.sub.2 SO.sub.3 solution and distilled to give 28.7 g of ICF.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CHICF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 Br, bp 53.degree. C./19 mmHg. .sup.19 F NMR: -36.7 (ddd, J=176.1 Hz, J=16.2 Hz, J=7.1 Hz, 1F), --39.7 (dt, J=176 Hz, J=15.8 Hz, 1F), -59.9 (dd, J=178.6 Hz, J=7.6 Hz, 1F), -61.0 (dd, J=178.6 Hz, J=5.6 Hz, 1F), -94.6 (dt, J=260.6 Hz, J=7.2 Hz, 1F), -109.8 (ddd, J=261.0 Hz, J=18 Hz, J=7.4 Hz, 1F).

EXAMPLE 4

Reaction of CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 with 4-iodo-3,3,4,4-tetrafluorobutene-1

A 75 mL of shaker tube was charged with 42.3 g of 1:1 mixture of CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 and ICF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CH.dbd.CH.sub.2 and cooled to -78.degree. C. The tube was evacuated and then heated at 180.degree. C. for 2.5 hour. 36 g of crude product was obtained, which was washed with aqueous Na.sub.2 SO.sub.3 solution and distilled to give 23.5 g of ICF.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CHICF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 I, bp 118-120.degree. C./10 mmHg. .sup.19 F NMR: -36.7 (ddd, J=175.5 Hz, J=16.0 Hz, J=7.7 Hz, 1F), -39.6 (dt, J=175.5 Hz, J=16.0 Hz, 1F), -54.8 (ddt, J=202.2 Hz, J=7.3 Hz, J=2.3 Hz, 1F), -56.0 (dd, J=203.0 Hz, J=7.0 Hz, 1F), -88.3 (dt, J=261.0 Hz, J=7.0 Hz, 1F), -106.2 (ddd, J=261.0 Hz, J=19 Hz, J=8.4 Hz, 1F).

EXAMPLE 5

Reaction of CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 with Tetrafluoroethylene

A 400 mL of shaker tube was charged with 152 g of CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 and cooled to -78.degree. C. After the tube was evacuated and then heated to 185.degree. C., 20 g of TFE was added and the tube kept at 185.degree. C. for 2 hours. Additional 20 g of TFE was added and the tube was kept for 2 hours. Finally, 10 g of TFE was added and the tube kept for 6 hours. 192.3 g of crude products were obtained and GC indicated that a mixture of 82% I(CF.sub.2).sub.3 I and 7% I(CF.sub.2).sub.5 I. Distillation gave 169.6 g of I(CF.sub.2).sub.3 I with 2.5% of I(CF.sub.2).sub.5 I, bp 76-80.degree. C./150 mmHg, and 13.1 g of high boiling residue containing 20% I(CF.sub.2).sub.3 I, 70% I(CF.sub.2).sub.5 I and 5% I(CF.sub.2).sub.7 I. .sup.19 F NMR for I(CF.sub.2).sub.3 I: -58.2 (t, J=4.7 Hz, 4F), -105.2 (t, J=4.7 Hz, 2F); for I(CF.sub.2).sub.5 I: -59.4 (t, J=4.6 Hz, 4F), -113.6 (s, 4F), -120.6 (m, 2F).

EXAMPLE 6

Reaction of CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 with Trifluoroethylene

A 75 mL of shaker tube was charged with 30.5 g of CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 and cooled to -78.degree. C. The tube was evacuated and then 16.0 g of trifluoroethylene was added. After the tube was heated at 185.degree. C. for 10 hour, GC indicated 70% of conversion and 26.3 g of crude product was obtained which was washed with aqueous Na.sub.2 SO.sub.3 solution and distilled to give 1.5 g of 55% pure of adduct, 2.5 g of 84% pure adduct and 12.8 g of pure product bp 83.degree. C./80 mmHg. .sup.19 F NMR and GC indicated a mixture ICF.sub.2 CHFCF.sub.2 I and ICF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CHFI in a ratio of 1.5 to 1. .sup.19 F NMR: ICF.sub.2 CHFCF.sub.2 I: -52.6 (dm, J=207.8 Hz, 2F), -54.8 (dm, J=207.8 Hz, 2F), -176.2 (m, 1F); ICF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CHFI: -57.9 (dm, J=207.8 Hz, 1F), -59.8 (dt, J=207.8 Hz, J=6.5 Hz, 1F), -101.0 (ddt, J=273.1 Hz, J=32.3 Hz, J=6.3 Hz, 1F), -116.3 (dm, J=273.1 Hz, 1F), -165.7 (m, 1F). HRMS: calcd. for C.sub.3 HF.sub.5 I.sub.2 : 385.8088. Found: 385.8023. Anal: calcd for C.sub.3 HF.sub.5 I.sub.2 : C, 9.34; H, 0.26; F, 24.62; I, 65.78. Found: C, 9.25; H, 0.27; F, 24.39; I, 65, 81.

EXAMPLE 7

Reaction of CF.sub.2 1.sub.2 with Vinylidene Fluoride

A 75 mL of shaker tube was charged with 30.5 g of CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 and cooled to -78.degree. C. The tube was evacuated and then 10.0 g of CF.sub.2 .dbd.CH.sub.2 was added. After the tube was heated at 185.degree. C. for 8 hour, GC indicated 10% CF.sub.2 1.sub.2 and 79.5% of adduct (area ratio). 35.1 g of crude products were obtained which was distilled to give 4.1 g of 50% pure of adduct and 26.4 g of pure adduct, bp 80-81.degree. C./60 mmHg. .sup.19 F NMR and GC indicated a mixture ICF.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CCF.sub.2 I and ICF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CH.sub.2 I in a ratio of 27.6 to 1. .sup.19 F NMR: ICF.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CF.sub.2 I: -39.6 (m); ICF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CH.sub.2 I: -59.6 (t, J=4 Hz, 2F), -101.5 (t, J=16.4 Hz, 2F). HRMS: Calcd for C.sub.3 H.sub.2 F.sub.4 I.sub.2 : 367.8182. Found: 367.8168 for ICF.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CF.sub.2 I; 367.8150 for ICF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CH.sub.2 I. Anal: calcd for C.sub.3 H.sub.2 F.sub.4 I.sub.2 : C, 9.80; H, 0.55; I, 69.00. Found: C, 9.76; H, 0.62; I, 68.48.

EXAMPLE 8

Reaction of CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 with vinyl fluoride

A 75 mL of shaker tube was charged with 30.5 g of CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 and cooled to -78.degree. C. The tube was evacuated and then 6.0 g of vinyl fluoride was added. After the tube was heated at 185.degree. C. for 5 hour, GC indicated 90% of conversion and 27.8 g of crude product was obtained which was distilled to give 4.9 g of 55% pure of adduct and 17.1 g of pure product, bp 87-89.degree. C./50 mmHg. .sup.19 F NMR and GC indicated a mixture ICF.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CCFHI and ICF.sub.2 CFHCH.sub.2 I in a ratio of 8.6 to 1. .sup.19 F NMR: ICF.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CHFI: -37.6 (dm, J=178.5 Hz, 1F), -40.33 (dm, J=178.5 Hz, 1F), -144.7 (m, 1F); ICF.sub.2 CFHCH.sub.2 I: -51.8 (ddd, J=195.5 Hz, J=21.0 Hz, J=7.4 Hz, 1F), -56.3 (ddd, J=196 Hz, J=21.7 Hz, J=7.3 Hz, 1F), -176.8 (m, 1F). HRMS: calcd for C.sub.3 H.sub.3 F.sub.3 I.sub.2 : 349.8280. Found: 349.8391 for ICF.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CFHI; 349.8307 for ICF.sub.2 CFHCH.sub.2 I. Anal: calcd for C.sub.3 H.sub.3 F.sub.3 1.sub.2 : C, 10.30; H, 0.86. Found: C, 10.26; H, 1.00.

EXAMPLE 9

Reaction of CF.sub.2 1.sub.2 with Hexafluoropropylene

A 75 mL of shaker tube was charged with 45.6 g of CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 and cooled to -78.degree. C. The tube was evacuated and then 24.0 g of hexafluoropropylene was added. After the tube was heated at 185.degree. C. for 12 hour, GC indicated 55% of conversion and 40.1 g of crude were washed with aqueous Na.sub.2 SO.sub.3 solution and then distilled to give 6.2 g of 82% pure of CF.sub.2 I.sub.2, 2.7 g of a mixture of 60% of CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 and 28% of ICF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CFICF.sub.3, bp 40-63.degree. C./95 mmHg, 3.0 g of a mixture of 23% of CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 and 62% of ICF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CFICF.sub.3, bp 64-71.degree. C./95 mmHg and 10.6 g of 93% pure ICF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CFICF.sub.3, bp 74-76.degree. C./95 mmHg. HRMS: calcd for C.sub.4 F.sub.8 I.sub.2 : 453.7962. Found: 453.7915 for ICF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CFICF.sub.3 ; 3452.7967 for (ICF.sub.2).sub.2 CFCF.sub.3.

EXAMPLE 10

Reaction of CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 with perfluoromethyl vinyl ether

A 75 mL of shaker tube was charged with 30.5 g of CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 and cooled to -78.degree. C. The tube was evacuated and then 22.0 g of perfluoromethyl vinyl ether was added. After the tube was heated at 185.degree. C. for 3.5 hour, GC indicated 76% of conversion and 37.2 g of crude products were distilled to give 13.8 g of 47.6% of CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 and 46.7% of adduct, bp 50-79.degree. C./100 mmHg and 18.4 g of 99% pure adduct, bp 87-89.degree. C./50 mmHg. .sup.19 F NMR and GC indicated a mixture ICF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CFIOCF.sub.3 and (ICF.sub.2).sub.2 CFOCF.sub.3 in a ratio of 12 to 1. .sup.19 F NMR for ICF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CFIOCF.sub.3 : -55.0 (dm, J=204.1 Hz, 1F), -55.3 (d, J=11.3 Hz, 3F), -58.4 (ddm, J=205 Hz, J=26.4 Hz, -F), -68.0 (m, 1F), -102.6 (dt, J=276.2 Hz, J=7.7 Hz, 1F), -104.2 (dt, J=276.4 Hz, J=7.2 Hz, 1F); for (ICF.sub.2).sub.2 OCF.sub.3 : -51.7 (m, 3F), -53.9 (m, 4F), -124.2 (m, 1F); HRMS: calcd for C.sub.4 F.sub.8 I.sub.2 O: 469.7911. Found: 469.7930 for ICF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CFIOCF.sub.3 ; 469.7967 for (ICF.sub.2).sub.2 CFOCF.sub.3.

EXAMPLE 11

Reaction of CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 with perfluoropropyl vinyl ether

A 75 mL of shaker tube was charged with 30.5 g of CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 and cooled to -78.degree. C. The tube was evacuated and then 60.0 g of perfluoropropyl vinyl ether was added. After the tube was heated at 185.degree. C. for 3.5 hour, 78.5 g of crude products were distilled to give 29.0 g of perfluoropropyl vinyl ether; 6.2 g of 72% pure of adduct, bp 30-80.degree. C./40 mmHg; 27.6 g of pure adduct, bp 83-84.degree. C./40 mmHg; and 4.4 g of 68% pure adduct, bp 85.degree. C./40 mmHg to 74.degree. C./15 mmHg. Yield 79%. .sup.19 F NMR and GC indicated a mixture ICF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CFIOCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CF.sub.3 and (ICF.sub.2).sub.2 CFOCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CF.sub.3 in a ratio of 85.4 to 13.6. .sup.19 F NMR for ICF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CFIOCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CF.sub.3 : -55.3 (d, J=204.6 Hz, 1F), -58.8 (ddd, J=204.6 Hz, J=27 Hz, J=6.3 Hz, 1F), -68.7 (m, 1F), -81.3 to -81.9 (m, 4F), -90.7 (d, J=147.6 Hz, 1F), -102.4 (dt, J=276.7 Hz, J=8 Hz, 1F), -104.4 (dt, J=276.6 Hz, J=7.5 Hz, 1F), -130.4 (s, 2F). (ICF.sub.2).sub.2 OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CF.sub.3 : -53.8 (m, 4F), -79.4 (m, 2F), -81.3 (M, 3F), -122.3 (m, 1F), -129.3 (M, 2F). HRMS: calcd for C.sub.6 F.sub.12 1.sub.2 O: 569.7847. Found: 442.8824 for ICF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CFIOCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CF.sub.3 --I; 569.7796 for (ICF.sub.2).sub.2 CFOCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CF.sub.3. Anal: calcd for C.sub.6 F.sub.12 I.sub.2 O: C, 12.65; I, 44.55. Found: C, 12.72; I, 44.23.

EXAMPLE 12

Reaction of CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 with CF.sub.2 .dbd.CFOCF.sub.2 CF(CF.sub.3)OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CO.sub.2 Me

A 240 mL of shaker tube was charged with 30.5 g of CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 and 60.0 g of CF.sub.2 .dbd.CFOCF.sub.2 CF(CF.sub.3)OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CO.sub.2 Me and cooled to -78.degree. C. After being evacuated at -78.degree. C., the tube was heated at 185.degree. C. for 3.5 hour. 82.2 g of a mixture of 5% of ICF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 COF, 4% of CF.sub.2 I.sub.2, 31% of CF.sub.2 .dbd.CFOCF.sub.2 CF(CF.sub.3)OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CO.sub.2 Me, 9% ICF.sub.2 CF(CF.sub.3)OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CO.sub.2 Me and 51% adduct were obtained (GC area). Distillation gave 12.3 g of mainly CF.sub.2 .dbd.CFOCF.sub.2 CF(CF.sub.3)OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CO.sub.2 Me, bp 40-88.degree. C./60 mmHg, 8.6 g of material containing 45% CF.sub.2 .dbd.CFOCF.sub.2 CF(CF.sub.3)OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CO.sub.2 Me and 55% of ICF.sub.2 CF(CF.sub.3)OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CO.sub.2 Me, bp 82.degree. C./50 mmHg to 102.degree. C./4 mmHg, and 45.9 g of adduct, bp 103-110.degree. C./3 mmHg. The adduct was a mixture of ICF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CFIOCF.sub.2 CF(CF.sub.3)OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CO.sub.2 Me and (ICF.sub.2).sub.2 CFOCF.sub.2 CF(CF.sub.3)OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CO.sub.2 Me.

EXAMPLE 13

Reaction of CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 with CF.sub.2 .dbd.CFOCF.sub.2 CF(CF.sub.3)OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CN

A 240 mL of shaker tube was charged with 30.5 g of CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 and 45.0 g of CF.sub.2 .dbd.CFOCF.sub.2 CF(CF.sub.3)OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CN and cooled to -78.degree. C. After being evacuated at -78.degree. C., the tube was heated at 185.degree. C. for 4 hour. 67.8 g of crude products were obtained. Distillation gave 15 g of mainly CF.sub.2 .dbd.CFOCF.sub.2 CF(CF.sub.3)OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CN, bp 85-100.degree. C., 37.6 g of adduct, bp 115-116.degree. C./30 mmHg. The adduct was a mixture of ICF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CFIOCF.sub.2 CF(CF.sub.3)OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CN and (ICF.sub.2).sub.2 CFOCF.sub.2 CF(CF.sub.3)OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CN in a ratio of 5.7 to 1. .sup.19 F NMR for ICF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CFIOCF.sub.2 CF(CF.sub.3)OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CN: -55.5 (d, J=205.2 Hz, 1F), -58.9 (ddd, J=205.5 Hz, J=27.3 Hz, J=6.0 Hz, 1F), -69.4 (m, 1F), -79.1 to -80.4 (m, 4F), -84.1 to -85.2 (m, 2F), -90.0 (dm, J=152.5 Hz, 1F), -102.0 (dm, J=277.7 Hz, 1F), -104.5 (dm, J=277.7 Hz, 1F), -108.6 (m, 2F), -145.1 (t, J=21.2 Hz, 0.5F), -145.6 (t, J=21.3, Hz, 0.5F); for (ICF.sub.2).sub.2 CFOCF.sub.2 CF(CF.sub.3)OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CN: -53.1 m, 2F), -54.5 (m, 2F), -78.2 (m, 2F), -80.1 (m, 3F), -84.1 (m, 2F), -108.4 (m, 2F), -121.2 (m, 1F), -144.6 (m, 1F). HRMS: Calcd for C.sub.9 F.sub.5 I.sub.2 NO.sub.2 --I, 565.8734. Found: 565.8716 (M.sup.+ -I). Anal: calcd for C.sub.9 F.sub.15 I.sub.2 NO.sub.2 : C, 15.60; N, 2.02; I, 36.63. Found: C, 16.26; N, 2.02; I, 35.74.

EXAMPLE 14

Reaction of CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 with CF.sub.2 .dbd.CFOCF.sub.2 CF(CF.sub.3)OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 SO.sub.2 F

A 240 mL of shaker tube was charged with 30.5 g of CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 and 50.0 g of CF.sub.2 .dbd.CFOCF.sub.2 CF(CF.sub.3)OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 SO.sub.2 F and cooled to -78.degree. C. After being evacuated at -78.degree. C., the tube was heated at 185.degree. C. for 4 hour. 71.3 g of crude products were obtained. Distillation gave 10.3 g of CF.sub.2 1.sub.2, 42 g of adduct, 95-97.degree. C./5.4 mmHg. The adduct was a mixture of ICF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CFIOCF.sub.2 CF(CF.sub.3)OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 SO.sub.2 F and (ICF.sub.2).sub.2 CFOCF.sub.2 CF(CF.sub.3)OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 SO.sub.2 F in a ratio of 5.2 to 1. .sup.19 F NMR for ICF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CFIOCF.sub.2 CF(CF.sub.3)OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 SO.sub.2 F: +45.3 (m, 1F), -55.6 (d, J=204.7 Hz, 1F), -58.9 (ddd, J=204.7 Hz, J 27.2 Hz, J=6.3 Hz, 1F), -69.3 (m, 1F), -79.3 to -80.2 (m, 4F), -89.8 (dm, J=144.3 Hz, 1F), -101.9 (dm, J=277.9 Hz, 1F), -104.6 (dt, J=277.8 Hz, J=7.7 Hz, 1F), -112.2 (m, 2F), -145.4 (m, 1F); for (ICF.sub.2).sub.2 CFOCF.sub.2 CF(CF.sub.3)OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 SO.sub.2 F: -53.2 (m, 2F), -54.5 (m, 2F), -78.2 (m, 2F), -80.1 (m, 5F), -112.4 (m, 2F), -121.2 (m, 1F), -144.6 (m, 1F).

EXAMPLE 15

Reaction of CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 with CF.sub.2 .dbd.CFOCF.sub.2 CF(CF.sub.3)OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 SO.sub.2 F at High Temperature

A 240 mL of shaker tube was charged with 30.6 g of CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 and 50.0 g of CF.sub.2 .dbd.CFOCF.sub.2 CF(CF.sub.3)OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 SO.sub.2 F and cooled to -78.degree. C. After being evacuated at -78.degree. C., the tube was heated at 185.degree. C. for 4 hour and 240.degree. C. for 8 hours. 71.5 g of crude products were obtained. GC indicated a mixture of ICF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 COF, ICF.sub.2 CF(CF.sub.3)OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 SO.sub.2 F, and (ICF.sub.2).sub.2 CFOCF.sub.2 CF(CF.sub.3)OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 SO.sub.2 F in a ratio of 4.1:6.6:1 (area ratio). Distillation gave 12.6 of 93% pure ICF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 COF, bp 58-63.degree. c, 6.0 g of a mixture of ICF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 COF and ICF.sub.2 CF(CF.sub.3)OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 SO.sub.2 F, bp 26-100.degree. C./200 mmHg, 17.9 g of ICF.sub.2 CF(CF.sub.3)OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 SO.sub.2 f, bp 100-102.degree. C./200 mm hg, 16.7 g of a mixture of 75% ICF.sub.2 CF(CF.sub.3)OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 SO.sub.2 F and 16% (ICF.sub.2).sub.2 CFOCF.sub.2 CF(CF.sub.3)OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 SO.sub.2 F and 4.3 g of (ICF.sub.2).sub.2 CFOCF.sub.2 CF(CF.sub.3)OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 SO.sub.2 F. .sup.19 F NMR for ICF.sub.2 CF(CF.sub.3)OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 SO.sub.2 F: +45.5 (m, 1f), -58.7 (dm, J=213.7 hz, 2F), -60.0 (dm, J=214 Hz, 2F), -76.9 (m, 3F), -77.9 (dd, J=139.2 Hz, J=22.7 Hz, 1F), -79.7 (dm, J=139.2 Hz, 1F), -122.2 (s, 2f), -133.6 (m, 1F).

Claims

1. A process for making diiodofluorinated compounds of the formula ICF.sub.2 (A).sub.n I; wherein n is 1, A is CH.sub.2 CHR.sub.F and R.sub.F is a perfluoroalkyl group containing 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a perfluorinated polyether group containing from 2 to 20 carbon atoms wherein one or more of the fluorines of said perfluoroalkyl or perfluorinated polyether group is optionally replaced by a substituent selected from the group consisting of chlorine, bromine, iodine, sulfonyl fluoride, nitrile, ester, acyl chloride and acyl fluoride, comprising:

reacting an olefin of the formula CH.sub.2 .dbd.CHR.sub.F with CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 at a temperature in the range of from about 120.degree. C. to 240.degree. C.

2. The process of claim 1 wherein the temperature is between about 170.degree. C. and about 190.degree. C.

3. A process for making diiodofluorinated compounds of the formula ICF.sub.2 (A).sub.n T wherein n is an integer of at least 1 and each A is CF.sub.2 CQF wherein each Q is independently selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, R, and OR.sub.F, and R.sub.F is a perfluoroalkyl group containing 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a perfluorinated polyether group containing from 2 to 20 carbon atoms wherein one or more of the fluorines of said perfluoroalkyl or perfluorinated polyether group is optionally replaced by a substituent selected from the group consisting of chlorine, bromine, iodine, hydrogen, sulfonyl fluoride, nitrile, ester, acyl chloride and acyl fluoride, comprising

reacting an olefin of the formula CF.sub.2 .dbd.CQF with CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 at a temperature in the range of from about 120.degree. C. to 240.degree. C. in the absence of catalyst or initiator.

4. The process of claim 3 wherein n is 1to 5.

5. The process of claim 3 wherein n is 1 to 3.

6. The process of claim 3 wherein n is 1.

7. The process of claim 3 wherein the olefin is CF.sub.2 .dbd.CFCF.sub.3.

8. The process of claim 3 wherein the olefin is CF.sub.2 .dbd.CF.sub.2 or CF.sub.2 .dbd.CFCl.

9. A diiodofluorinated compound of formula:

ICF.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CHR.sub.F I

wherein R.sub.F is a perfluoroalkyl group containing 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a perfluorinated polyether group containing from 2 to 20 carbon atoms wherein one or more of the fluorines of said perfluoroalkyl or perfluorinated polyether group is optionally replaced by a substituent selected from the group consisting of chlorine, bromine, iodine, sulfonyl fluoride, nitrile, ester, acyl chloride and acyl fluoride.

10. The diiodofluorinated compound of claim 9 having the formula ICF.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH (CF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 Br)I.

11. The diiodofluorinated compound of claim 9 having the formula ICF.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH(CF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 I)I.

12. The process of claim 1 wherein the reaction is conducted in the substantial absence of catalyst or initiator.

13. The process of claim 3 wherein the olefin is a perfluorovinylether of the formula CF.sub.2 .dbd.CFOR.sub.F.

14. A process for making diiodofluorinated compounds of the formula ICF.sub.2 (A).sub.n I wherein n is 1, A is CF.sub.2 CFOR.sub.F and R.sub.F is a perfluoroalkyl group containing 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a perfluorinated polyether group containing from 2 to 20 carbon atoms wherein one or more of fluorines of said perfluoroalkyl or perfluorinated polyether group is optionally replaced by a substituent selected from the group consisting of chlorine, bromine, iodine, hydrogen, sulfonyl fluoride, nitrile, ester, acyl chloride and acyl fluoride, comprising:

reacting an olefin of the formula CF.sub.2 .dbd.CFOR.sub.F with CF.sub.2 I.sub.2 at a temperature in the range of from about 120.degree. C. to 240.degree. C.

15. The process of claim 14 wherein the reaction is conducted in the substantial absence of catalyst or initiator.