Claims
- 1. A process for the preparation of a silica-filled, vulcanized elastomeric compound comprising:
mixing an elastomer with
from about 5 to about 100 parts by weight of a reinforcing filler per 100 parts of elastomer, wherein said reinforcing fillers are selected from the group consisting of carbon black and silica filler; a cure agent; from 0 to about 20 percent by weight of a silane, based upon the weight of said silica filler; from about 0 to about 20 parts by weight of a processing aid selected from the group consisting of fatty acid esters of hydrogenated and non-hydrogenated C5 and C6 sugars; from about 0 to about 40 parts by weight of a processing aid selected from the group consisting of polyoxyethylene derivatives of fatty acid esters of hydrogenated and non-hydrogenated C5 and C6 sugars; from about 0 to about 20 parts by weight of an additional filler other than silica or carbon black, with the provisos that at least one of said processing aids and said additional fillers are present; that if said processing aid is sorbitan monooleate, then at least one of said polyoxyethylene derivatives or said additional fillers is also present and, that the minimal amount for each said processing aid and said additional filler, if present, is about one part by weight; and effecting vulcanization.
- 2. A process as set forth in claim 1, wherein said elastomer is a diene monomer homopolymer or a copolymer of a diene monomer and a monomer selected from the group consisting of a monovinyl aromatic monomer and a triene monomer.
- 3. A process as set forth in claim 1, wherein said elastomer is a copolymer of at least one diene and at least one monovinyl aromatic monomer.
- 4. A process as set forth in claim 1, wherein said elastomer is styrene butadiene rubber.
- 5. A process as set forth in claim 1, comprising the additional step of adding a natural rubber.
- 6. A process as set forth in claim 1, wherein said silica filler has a surface area of about 32 to about 400 m2/g.
- 7. A process as set forth in claim 1, wherein said silica filler has a pH of about 5.5 to about 7.
- 8. A process as set forth in claim 1, wherein the amount of said carbon black reinforcing filler ranges from about 0 to about 50 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of elastomer, and the amount of said reinforcing silica filler ranges from about 1 to 100 parts, per 100 parts of elastomer, with the proviso that where carbon is 0, at least 30 phr of silica is employed.
- 9. A process as set forth in claim 1, wherein said fatty acid esters of hydrogenated and non-hydrogenated C5 and C6 sugars are selected from the group consisting of sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan dioleate, sorbitan trioleate, sorbitan sesquioleate, sorbitan laurate, sorbitan palmate and sorbitan stearate.
- 10. A process as set forth in claim 1, wherein said polyoxyethylene derivatives of fatty acid esters of hydrogenated and non-hydrogenated C5 and C6 sugars are selected from the group consisting of POE (20) sorbitan stearate; POE (20) sorbitan oleate; POE (20) sorbitan tri-oleate; POE (20) sorbitan sesquioleate; POE (20) sorbitan laurate and POE (20) sorbitan palmate.
- 11. A process as set forth in claim 1, wherein said additional filler is selected from the group consisting of mica, talc, urea, clay, sodium sulfate and mixtures thereof.
- 12. A process as set forth in claim 1, comprising a mixture of at least one fatty acid ester of hydrogenated and non-hydrogenated C5 and C6 sugars and at least one polyoxyethylene derivative of a fatty acid ester of hydrogenated and non-hydrogenated C5 and C6 sugars.
- 13. A process as set forth in claim 1, comprising a mixture of at least one fatty acid ester of hydrogenated and non-hydrogenated C5 and C6 sugars and at least one said additional filler.
- 14. A process as set forth in claim 1, comprising a mixture of at least one polyoxyethylene derivative of a fatty acid ester of hydrogenated and non-hydrogenated C5 and C6 sugars and at least one said additional filler.
- 15. A process as set forth in claim 1, comprising a mixture of at least one fatty acid ester of hydrogenated and non-hydrogenated C5 and C6 sugars, at least one polyoxyethylene derivative of a fatty acid ester of hydrogenated and non-hydrogenated C5 and C6 sugars and at least one said additional filler.
- 16. A vulcanizable silica-filled compound comprising:
100 parts by weight of an elastomer; from about 5 to about 100 parts by weight of a reinforcing filler per 100 parts of elastomer, wherein said reinforcing fillers are selected from the group consisting of carbon black and silica filler; from 0 to about 20 percent by weight of a silane, based upon the weight of said silica filler; a cure agent; from about 0 to about 20 parts by weight of a processing aid selected from the group consisting of fatty acid esters of hydrogenated and non-hydrogenated C5 and C6 sugars; from about 0 to about 20 parts by weight of a processing aid selected from the group consisting of polyoxyethylene derivatives of fatty acid esters of hydrogenated and non-hydrogenated C5 and C6 sugars; from about 0 to about 40 parts by weight of an additional filler other than silica or carbon black, with the provisos that at least one of said processing aids said additional fillers are present; that if said processing aid is sorbitan monooleate, then at least one of said polyoxyethylene derivatives or said additional fillers is also present and, that the minimal amount for each said processing aid and said additional filler, if present, is about one part by weight.
- 17. The vulcanizable silica-filled compound as set forth in claim 16, wherein the elastomer is a diene homopolymer.
- 18. The vulcanizable silica-filled compound as set forth in claim 16, wherein the elastomer is a copolymer of at least one diene and at least one monovinyl aromatic monomer.
- 19. The vulcanizable silica-filled compound as set forth in claim 18, wherein the elastomer is styrene butadiene rubber.
- 20. The vulcanizable silica-filled compound as set forth in claim 16, further containing a natural rubber.
- 21. The vulcanizable silica-filled compound as set forth in claim 16; wherein the silica filler has a surface area of about 32 to about 400 m 2/g.
- 22. The vulcanizable silica-filled compound as set forth in claim 16, wherein the silica filler has a pH of about 5.5 to about 7.
- 23. The vulcanizable silica-filled compound as set forth in claim 16, wherein the amount of said carbon black reinforcing filler ranges from a bout 0 to about 50 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of elastomer, and the amount of said reinforcing silica filler ranges from about 1 to 100 parts, per 100 parts of elastomer, with the proviso that where carbon is 0, at least 30 phr of silica is employed.
- 24. The vulcanizable silica-filled compound as set forth in claim 16, wherein said fatty acid esters of hydrogenated and non-hydrogenated C5 and C6 sugars are selected from the group consisting of sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan dioleate, sorbitan trioleate, sorbitan sesquioleate, sorbitan laurate, sorbitan palmate and sorbitan stearate.
- 25. The vulcanizable silica-filled compound as set forth in claim 16, wherein said polyoxyethylene derivatives of fatty acid esters of hydrogenated and non-hydrogenated C5 and C6 sugars are selected from the group consisting of POE (20) sorbitan stearate; POE (20) sorbitan oleate; POE (20) sorbitan tri- oleate; POE (20) sorbitan sesquioleate; POE (20) sorbitan laurate and POE (20) sorbitan palmate.
- 26. The vulcanizable silica-filled compound as set forth in claim 16, wherein said additional filler is selected from the group consisting of mica, talc, urea, clay, sodium sulfate and mixtures thereof.
- 27. The vulcanizable silica-filled compound as set forth in claim 16, comprising a mixture of at least one fatty acid ester of hydrogenated and non-hydrogenated C5 and C6 sugars and at least one polyoxyethylene derivative of a fatty acid ester of hydrogenated and non-hydrogenated C5 and C6 sugars.
- 28. The vulcanizable silica-filled compound as set forth in claim 16, comprising a mixture of at least one fatty acid ester of hydrogenated and non-hydrogenated C5 and C6 sugars and at least one said additional filler.
- 29. The vulcanizable silica-filled compound as set forth in claim 16, comprising a mixture of at least one polyoxyethylene derivative of a fatty acid ester of hydrogenated and non-hydrogenated C5 and C6 sugars and at least one said additional filler.
- 30. The vulcanizable silica-filled compound as set forth in claim 16, comprising a mixture of at least one fatty acid ester of hydrogenated and non-hydrogenated C5 and C6 sugars, at least one polyoxyethylene derivative of a fatty acid ester of hydrogenated and non-hydrogenated C5 and C6 sugars and at least one said additional filler.
- 31. A pneumatic tire comprising tread stock vulcanized from the vulcanizable silica-filled compound of claim 16.
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Ser. No. 08/893,875, filed Jul. 11, 1997.
Continuation in Parts (1)
|
Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
08893875 |
Jul 1997 |
US |
Child |
08985859 |
Dec 1997 |
US |