Produce shipping containers, especially containers for shipping bananas.
Bananas are harvested from trees in tropical growing regions such as Central and South America. Export bananas are picked green, shipped to distribution centers in destination countries, and delivered to retail stores in a state of ripeness appropriate for retail sale. Growers conventionally pack bananas in covered, corrugated cardboard boxes containing about 40 pounds of bananas per box. Filled boxes are placed on pallets in eight layers, each layer including 5 or 6 boxes. Bananas are refrigerated to between 13.5° and 15° C. (56.3 and 59.0° F.) during transport to suspend the ripening process (“put the bananas to sleep”). This allows bananas to reach grocery stores without being overripe.
Pallets of cooled (“sleeping”) bananas are loaded onto ships for transport from growing regions to consuming regions. Temperature continues to be controlled throughout shipment to distribution centers in the consuming regions. Acceptance testing usually occurs at the distribution center. Upon arrival, bananas on a given pallet are inspected to determine if the shipment will be accepted or rejected. A typical inspection involves sampling bananas in 3-4 boxes on each pallet. The bananas are selected at different layers and sides of the 30-48 box arrangement to determine the quality of bananas and their state of ripeness. When shipping in corrugated boxes, a hole must be cut in the selected boxes with a knife. One or more bananas are removed through the hole and inspected. Attributes tested include physical appearance, size, sweetness, and temperature.
Accepted pallets of bananas are moved to a ripening room. There the temperature of the bananas is raised and the bananas are exposed to ethylene gas to restart the ripening process (“waken the bananas”). The ripening process continues in the ripening room for about 3-5 days. After sufficient ripening, the pallets are loaded onto a truck at the distribution center for delivery to retail stores. Temperature continues to be controlled. To lengthen shelf life at the stores, boxes are de-stacked from each pallet, box covers are removed, and the uncovered boxes are reloaded onto the pallet in a cross-stacked arrangement (each box has its length extending in a direction perpendicular to the length of the box on which it is located). Cross-stacking provides better airflow over the bananas, minimizing over-ripening by allowing better release of heat and ethylene gas generated during ripening.
The current transport process for bananas has several disadvantages. During the inspection process, the cutting of containers may result in direct damage to the bananas from the cutting implement as a container is cut, and indirect damage to the bananas may result from structural weakness cause by the cutting of the boxes, which may result in the crushing of bananas during transportation. Also, manipulation of boxes at the retail store to achieve the cross-stacked arrangement is labor intensive.
While plastic containers as an alternative to corrugated cardboard boxes have been produced, they have had some, although limited commercial success for transporting of bananas. They have been relatively heavy and had rigid construction. One proposed plastic container, described in published PCT Application WO2015134067, has a light weight construction giving the box a relatively high flexibility similar to corrugated cardboard which is desirable in many applications.
There remains a need for a plastic container having an access door that is easily opened to facilitate the inspection process and to facilitate the release of heat and ethylene gas that is generated during the ripening process. The box should also provide access to the contents of the container without compromising the structural integrity of the box when the box is subjected to the substantial forces resulting from the stacking and transportation of multiple layers of containers. For example, the contents of the container should not be damaged and the access door should not inadvertently open during transportation. Additionally, it is typically desirable that the opening mechanism and door should fit within the profile of the wall to facilitate manipulation of containers on a pallet and decrease the likelihood that the contents of the container will be damaged.
A first aspect of the invention is directed to a produce container having an interior for maintaining produce. The container comprises a base, two endwalls and two sidewalls, each of the endwalls and sidewalls are coupled to the base, at least one of the sidewalls having a first projection and a second projection. Each projection extends transverse to an exterior surface of the at least one sidewall or endwall. Each projection comprises i) a hook and ii) an external surface opposite the hook including an external contact location having a tangent that is transverse to the wall, the hook extending in a direction away from the contact location, the contact location being disposed interiorly of the hook. The container further comprises a door movably coupled to the sidewall or endwall, the door movable from a closed position to an open position, and a latch coupled to the door by at least one spring at an end of the door. The latch comprises a first clasp and a second clasp. Each clasp comprises a catch and a binding arm connected to the catch and having a contact surface. For each clasp, the catch is separated from the contact surface by a distance so that a corresponding one the first projection and second projection fits between the catch and the contact surface when the door is in a closed position. The first clasp and the second clasp are separated from another along the end. The latch also comprises an actuation bar extending between the first clasp and the second clasp, and a bridge extending between the first clasp and the second clasp. The bridge is separated from the actuation bar. The latch has a locked position in which the catches interface with their corresponding hooks to maintain the door in the closed position and prevents the external motion. The latch also has an unlocked position in which the door is externally movable from the closed position to the open position. The at least one spring is configured and positioned to bias the latch into the locked position, and configured such that sufficient pressure on the actuation bar (also referred to as a finger press) overcomes the biasing to move the catches to an unlocked position in which the catches do not interface with the corresponding hooks. In the unlocked position the catches are positioned to allow the door to externally rotate to attain the open position. When the latch is in the locked position, each of the contact surfaces faces or contacts its corresponding contact location, such that it contacts or is able to contact the corresponding location to inhibit an opening force on the door (such as a force on the interior of the door caused by the contents of the container) from moving the latch from the locked position to the unlocked position.
In some embodiments, each of the endwalls and sidewalls is coupled to the base by at least one hinge. In some embodiments, the access door is coupled to a sidewall. In some embodiments, the hooks extend downward. The access door may be coupled to the at least one of the endwalls and the sidewalls by at least one hinge, whereby the door is moved between the closed position and the open position by external rotation.
In some embodiments, the hinges are connected to a bottom end of the access door.
The contact locations may be substantially perpendicular to the at least one of the sidewalls and the endwalls.
For example, the actuation bar and the bridge may be separated from one another by about 2 mm to 2 cm.
The container may constitute one container in an arrangement of containers on a pallet. The container may be in a combination with a plurality of other containers to form an arrangement on a pallet.
The arrangement may be a multilayer 6-down arrangement.
Another aspect of the invention is directed to a produce container having an interior for maintaining produce. The container comprises a base, two endwalls and two sidewalls. Each endwall and sidewall is coupled to the base. At least one of the endwalls or sidewalls has a projection extending transverse to an exterior surface of the at least one endwall or sidewall. The projection comprises i) a hook extending from a surface thereof and ii) an exterior surface opposite the hook including an external contact location having a tangent that is transverse to the at least one of the endwalls and sidewalls. The hook extends in a direction away from the contact surface. The contact location is disposed interiorly of the hook.
The container also comprises a door movably coupled to the at least one of the sidewalls or endwalls, the door movable from a closed position to an open position. The container also comprises a latch, coupled to the door by a spring. The latch comprises a catch and a binding arm. The binding arm is connected to the catch and has a contact surface. The contact surface is separated from the catch by a distance such that the projection fits between the catch and the contact surface when the door is in the closed position. The latch has a locked position in which the catch interfaces with the hook to maintain the door in the closed position, and an unlocked position in which the door is movable from the closed position to the open position. The spring biases the latch into the locked position when the door is in the closed position. Sufficient pressure on the latch overcomes the biasing to move the catch to an unlocked position in which it does not interface with the hook, thereby allowing the door to attain the open position. When the latch is in the locked position, the contact surface faces or contacts the contact location, such that it contacts or is able to contact the corresponding location to inhibit an opening force on the door (such as a force on the interior of the door caused by the contents of the container) from moving the latch from the locked position to the unlocked position.
As used herein, terms such as “down” and “downward” refer to a direction toward the base of a container, and the term “bottom” refers to the base side of the container. Terms such as “up” and “upward” refer to a direction away from the base of a container, and the term “top” refers to the side opposite the base.
The nature and mode of operation of the present invention will now be more fully described in the following detailed description of the invention taken with the accompanying drawing figures, in which:
Containers may have a length and width (i.e., footprint) similar to any known banana container or any other suitable length and width to fit on a standard GMA pallet or other pallet suitable for shipping produce. Container 100 is molded from a plastic material, for example polypropylene. Suitable plastic materials include, but are not limited to, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, polyester, epoxy resin, phenolic resin, polystyrene, polycarbonate, combinations thereof and the like
Container 100 with latch 104 will now be described further with reference to
As shown, sidewall 120 has a first projection 510a and a second projection 510b. Each projection extends transverse to an exterior surface of sidewall 120. Each projection 510a, 510b comprises a hook 512a, 512b and an external surface 514a, 514b opposite hooks 512a and 512b, respectively. External surfaces 514a, 514b include an external contact location 516a and 516b, respectively. Contact location 516a and 516b are disposed interiorly of hook 511a and 511b, respectively. Hooks 512a and 512b extend in a direction away from contact surfaces 516a and 516b, respectively. Contact locations 516a and 516b have a tangent Ta, Tb, respectively, that is transverse to the wall. In the illustrated embodiment, hook 512 extends downward from a bottom surface of the projection, and external surface 514 and contact location 516 are on a top surface of the projection.
Door 102 is movably coupled to wall 120, door 102 being movable from a closed position (shown in
In the illustrated embodiment, movable coupling is achieved by hinges 103 which permit external rotation of door 102 from the closed position to the open position. However latch 104 as disclosed herein may be used with other doors that move from a closed position to an open position using other types of movement such as external translation.
Also, although in the illustrated embodiment, hinges 103 are shown on the bottom of the door, the hinge may be located on a top or a side of the door. Although a door is shown as located on a sidewall 120, a door may alternatively (or additionally) be located on an endwall 110. Hinge component 103′ is disposed at the bottom end of door 102.
Latch 104 comprises a first clasp 520a and a second clasp 520b. As described in greater detail below, each clasp interacts with a corresponding one of projections 510a, 510b to inhibit exterior motion of door 102 to maintain the door in a closed position. In the illustrated embodiment, two clasps and two corresponding projections 510a, 510b are used to maintain the door in a closed position. However, according to aspects of the present invention, one or more clasps may be present. The projections 510a, 510b are located at an opposite side of opening O from the hinges 103.
In embodiments where more than one clasp is present, first clasp 520a and second clasp 520b are separated from another. It will be appreciated that such a configuration inhibits angular motion of door 102 (such that the left or right sides of the door can become separated from wall 120) from forces such as would occur due to internal pressure being applied to the door by contents in the container. In some embodiments, it is advantageous that clasps 520a and 520b be located at the lateral extents of the door.
Each clasp comprises a catch 522a, 522b and a binding arm 524a, 524b. Each catch has an interface surface 523a, 523b.
Latch 104 is coupled to the door by one or more springs 530a, 530b, 530c (collectively referred to as spring 530; illustrated in the embodiment as bent cantilever springs each positioned to form a gap G between the top of the body of the spring and the bottom of actuation bar 540). Spring 530 biases catches 522a and 522b into a locked position. Although the springs are illustrated as cantilever springs, any suitable spring construction (e.g., a coil spring) capable of biasing the catches in the manner described herein may be used.
In the locked position, each of the interface surfaces 523a, 523b (on catches 522a, 522b) interfaces with its corresponding hook 512a, 512b to maintain door 102 in the closed position and prevents the external motion of door 102. In the illustrated embodiment, each catch is tapered such that the vertical thickness of the catch on the interior side of the catch is less than the vertical thickness of the catch on the exterior side of the catch (i.e., the catches are thickest at interface surface 523a, 523b) to form a ramped surface 525a, 525b. The ramped surfaces facilitate movement of the hooks 512a and 512b to a position where they contact interface surfaces 523a and 523b, respectively, as door 102 is closed to attain the locked position. It is to be appreciated that, prior to application of an opening force on the door, a gap may exist between one of the interface surfaces 523a, 523b and the corresponding hook, such that only upon application of the opening force, the interface surface and the hook contact one another to inhibit opening of the door.
An actuation bar 540 extends between and is connected to first clasp 520a and second clasp 520b. Typically, the actuation bar is beam-shaped, but may have some curve or contour such as contour to facilitate locating of fingers on the bar. The force on actuation bar 540 overcomes the biasing of the spring(s) 530 and causes flexure of the plastic clasps to move interface surfaces 523a, 523b of catches 522a, 522b out of the their interfacing position with corresponding hooks 512a and 512b. Accordingly, latch 104 is moved to an unlocked position in which door 102 is externally movable from its closed position to its open position.
In the illustrated embodiment, unlocking of latch 104 is achieved by compressing spring(s) 530 (such that gap G is reduced and the spring is flexed) by pressing actuation bar 540 in a downward direction. However in other embodiments (not shown), hooks 512a and 512b extend upward from a top surface of a projection instead of downward, and the external surface and contact location are on a bottom surface of the projection. It will be appreciated that in embodiments where the hook is on top and the contact location are on the bottom, unlocking of the latch will be achieved by stretching the spring as a result of pressing the actuation bar in an upward direction.
Binding arms 524a and 524b have corresponding contact surfaces 527a and 527b. The binding arm of each clasp is connected to the catch 522a, 522b of its corresponding clasp, such that contact surfaces 527a and 527b are separated from their corresponding catch 522a, 522b by a distance to permit a corresponding one of first projection 510a and second projection 510b to fit between the catch and the contact surface. The projections are positioned relative to the clasps such that, after the hook of a projection is moved past the catch, the spring 530 biases the catch toward the projection, as described above, to achieve the locked position.
When latch 104 is in the locked position, each contact surface 527a, 527b of the binding arm contacts its corresponding contact location 516a, 516b to inhibit an opening force on the door from moving latch 104 from the locked position to the unlocked position. It will be appreciated that an opening force on the door (e.g., a force on the interior of the door caused by the contents of the container) results in catches 525a, 525b being pivoted and moved away from the projections which tends to move catches 525a and 525b out of interface with hooks 523a and 523b. Contact locations 516a and 516b of projection 511a and 511b press against contact surfaces 527a and 527b of binding arm, respectively, to inhibit pivoting of the catches and movement of the catches away from the projections and thereby inhibit force from the interior of the container from unlocking the latch and opening the door. It is to be appreciated that, prior to application of the opening force on the door, the contact surface and contact location face one another (as shown in
As illustrated, each projection 510a, 510b is tapered such it become thinner in the exterior direction. As a result, each projection's external surface 514a and 514b only contacts its corresponding binding arm 524a and 524b across a portion of the external surface 514a, 514b. Such a configuration facilitates rotation of latch 104 when moving between the locked position to the unlocked position.
In the illustrated embodiment, projections 510a and 510b are illustrated as extending perpendicular to external surface of wall 120, respectively, and the tangents TA and TB of the contact location 516a and 516b being perpendicular to sidewall 120; however other non-perpendicular orientations of the projections and tangents are possible provided hooks 512a and 512b operate in a manner to inhibit external motion of catch 525 (and as a result inhibit external motion of door 102), and contact locations 516a and 516b inhibit force from the interior of the container from unlocking the latch and opening the door, as described below. In some embodiments, the projections extend generally parallel to or in a same direction as the base or a flat surface on which the base may be located.
It will be appreciated that the inhibition of unintentional unlocking due to pressure on the interior surface of door 102 is believed to be achieved by force of the binding arm which results, in part, from friction occurring between contact locations 516a and 516b, and the contacts surface 527a and 527b, respectively and, in part, from the binding arm applying a force on the projection to prevent the hook from moving with the catch in response to a force from the interior of the door.
As described above, in some embodiments, the contact locations are perpendicular to sidewall. However, deviation from such a configuration is permitted. The amount of deviation is dependent, at least in part, on the relative positioning of the binding arm and the projection as well as the coefficient of friction between the contact location and the contact surface.
A bridge 550 extends between first clasp 520a and second clasp 520b. Bridge 550 is disposed above and separated from actuation bar 540. Bridge 540 adds robustness to latch 104 such that, when actuation bar 540 is pressed, the clasp (including binding arm 524a, 524b) is rotated such that the open position of the latch is more reliably achieved. As illustrated, in some embodiments, bridge 550 is connected to both binding arms 524a, 524b. Typically, the bridge is beam shaped, but may have some curve or contour. In some embodiments, the bridge is separated from the actuation bar to allow an operator of the latch to fit his/her fingers between the bridge and actuation bar. Alternatively, the separation may be smaller to allow actuation tool to fit between the bridge and actuation bar. In some embodiments the separation is between about 1 cm to 2 cm, in other embodiments the separation is between 2 mm to 2 cm.
It is to be appreciated that, in hand-operated use, the latch configuration permits access door opening using a single hand. It is also to be appreciated that the latch configuration and its resistance to accidental opening makes it suited for a light weight, high flexibility plastic containers such as those described in Published PCT Application WO2015134067. For example, such containers weigh under 3 pounds and can hold 40 pounds of bananas.
The present application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/387,285 filed on Dec. 23, 2015 having a title PRODUCE SHIPPING CONTAINER under 35 U.S.C. §119(e), the substance of said application is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
62387285 | Dec 2015 | US |