The invention relates to a profile for frames of wall elements, doors or windows and to a method for producing the profile having the features of the preamble to the independent claims.
Profiles of this type are meant, in particular, also to serve to ensure a thermal insulation for the frame structure. A further possibility of use consists in fire protection.
EP 0 802 300 A2 shows, for example, a composite profile having two metal profiles and metal strips which connect the same, whereby three inner chambers are formed. The metal strips possess punch-outs, which form webs, for reducing the heat flow through the composite profile. EP 0 802 300 A2 further shows that the metal strips are positively connected to metal profiles having guide grooves. Such a composite profile, as a result of the relatively complicated construction and, in particular, as a result of the nature of the connection of the center part to the two metal profiles, is relatively difficult to produce and ex-pensive.
DE 195 26 795 describes a composite profile comprising two mutually spaced metal profiles and an intervening insulating material, the two profiles, respectively outwardly directed, approximately U-shaped profiles, being mutually connected by the welding of metal webs to the respective side faces of the profiles. A metal web can here also be configured as a side wall having plurality of openings. The metal webs or side walls must, however, have an excess length, that is to say the height of the metal webs must be greater than the distance between the two profiles. This side wall can be attached only laterally to the profiles can only laterally to the profiles, so that at least a part of the side wall protrudes. The handling and use of such a profile can be difficult. The external situation of the side walls likewise creates difficulties for a lining of the side walls. From visual aspects also, a composite profile of this kind is poorly suited for use in frames of wall elements, doors or windows.
One object of the present invention is therefore to avoid the drawbacks of the prior art, in particular to provide a device and a method of the type stated in the introduction, which device can be constructed, in particular, in a simple manner and the production of which requires as few work steps as possible. The profile is intended on the one hand, to ensure as low a thermal conduction and as good a thermal insulation as possible and, on the other hand, to exhibit a high static and dynamic stability. The profile is intended for use as a basic profile for profiles and composite profiles for frames of wall elements, windows or doors of various fields of application.
According to the invention, this object are achieved with a profile according to the features of the characterizing part of the independent claims.
The profile essentially comprises three components: top part, bottom part and side walls which connect the same. The top and bottom side respectively contain an end wall. These components consist of metal materials, preferably of steel, having relatively high thermal conduction. In order to reduce the thermal conduction through the profile, from the top part to the bottom part, the side walls are provided with obliquely running webs. As a result of the oblique arrangement of the webs, the webs are configured long in relation to the distance apart of the top part and bottom part.
Consequently, the heat transfer through the side walls due to thermal conduction across the webs is reduced, and the thermal insulation of the frame improved. The greater the obliqueness and the longer the configuration of the webs, the higher will basically be the thermal insulation. The side walls are welded to the top part and/or to the bottom part. The height of the side walls is here less than or equal to the distance between the end walls of the top part and bottom part. A profile having good thermal insulation and good static properties can thus be produced in a cheap and simple manner. Such a profile is likewise distinguished by the fact that it can be used for fire protection or, indeed, break-in protection.
Particularly advantageously, the top part and/or the bottom part have at least one angular deviation, running parallel to a side wall, for the formation of a contact surface with a side wall. In the region of the contact surface, the top part and/or the bottom part is then welded to the side walls. Such an arrangement makes the welding substantially easier. Since the angular deviation lies parallel to a side wall and rests flat against a side wall, the side walls can be easily connected to the top part and bottom part by laser welding methods. The production costs for a profile can be substantially reduced. This embodiment is particularly well suited to a rational, automatic mass production of a profile.
Preferably, the side walls are disposed on the inner side. The top part, the bottom part and the side walls which connect the same form a chamber. On the inner side means, in this context, that the side walls are disposed on the side facing toward the chamber. This has primarily the advantage that the profile has no protruding parts in relation to the side wall. Since at least a part of the side wall is “concealed”, such a profile meets exacting esthetic requirements. Moreover, a side element, for example a plastics strip or a fire protection strip, can be more easily fastened to the side wall, since the side wall is disposed inside the profile, for example side elements can be fastened to the side walls flush with the angular deviations.
It is advantageous if the side walls possess parallel-running guide grooves. A guide groove can here serve as a stop for a second or adjacent profile. Two mutually parallel-running guide grooves can also be used, however, to receive side elements, for example a plastics strip or fire protection strips.
The invention can be realized in a particularly simple manner if at least one side wall possess respectively laterally disposed, preferably U-shaped mountings for the reception of a side element. A mounting of this type can be easily produced, for instance, by angling off the side wall on both sides such that a U-shaped mounting is respectively formed in the sides facing toward the top part and toward the bottom part of the profile. A receiving fixture for a side element can thereby be produced in a cheap and simple manner. A web can have a bead running in the longitudinal direction of the web. In general, the bead is formed in the shape of an inwardly directed indentation. It is here advantageous that the profile meets exacting static requirements.
The webs can advantageously be configured as one or more rows of approximately V-shaped arrangements. A row of approximately V-shaped web arrangements is achieved, for example, by the fact that openings in the form of alternately mutually staggered triangles or trapeziums are made in the side walls. A plurality of rows of approximately V-shaped web arrangements form a crosswise or X-shaped arrangement. The webs do not, however, necessarily have to be formed just by the making of openings in the side walls. Thus, it is absolutely possible to weld the webs individually to the top part and to the bottom part respectively. The essentially approximately V-shaped arrangement of the webs has the advantage that the profile has good thermal insulation and good static properties. An additional advantage is that a considerable weight saving is possible.
To the side walls, linings are able to be attached. Such a lining has the advantage that the side wall can be covered in a cheap and simple manner. Linings may also have different colors.
If the top part and the bottom part have angular deviations, it is advantageous if on the angular deviations, at their end region, there are disposed inwardly directed end faces. In this case, the side walls of the profile are welded to the top part and the bottom part in the region of the end faces. The end faces are preferably provided with a stop for a side wall, which stop defines the end of a top part and bottom part respectively. The advantageously rectangular or approximately rectangular angular deviations are generally applied on both sides and run parallel to the side walls. It is important that, as a result of the inwardly directed end faces, a depression is created on the profile, into which elements such as fire protection strips or cover strips can advantageously be fitted. The profile thus generally has no laterally projecting parts. The stops of the end faces of a top part and of a bottom part, which stops lie respectively opposite one another and preferentially run parallel to the angular deviations, form bearing surfaces for a respective side wall. In the chamber of the profile, furthermore, respectively the top part and/or in the bottom part, in the region defined by the end faces, heat-insulating plates, or, in particular, also fire protection plates, could be easily received.
The angle between an end face and an angular deviation of a top part or bottom part lies between 5° and 170°, preferentially between 5° and 135°, especially preferentially between 20° and 90°. As a result of the preferred embodiment and especially as a result of the particularly preferred embodiment of 90° or thereabout, an advantageous depression for the reception of side parts such as cover strips or fire protection strips is created.
Particularly advantageously, an inwardly directed end face and a stop form a groove for the reception of side elements. If the top and bottom parts are made of plate, the groove, for example, can be made particularly simply by edging processes. The groove forms an approximately U-shaped mounting for the side elements, the width and depth of the groove being dependent on the respective purpose of use of the profile. Insofar as metal plates are used for the top and bottom part, then these can be produced in a simple manner by an edging or roll-forming method.
Particularly advantageously, the side walls are welded to the end faces of the angular deviations. A welding can thus be realized relatively simply from outside.
Alternatively, the side walls can be welded to the preferably short parallel stops of the end faces. The stops form bearing surfaces for the placement of the side walls. As a result of the welding in the region of the planar bearing surface, the welding remains relatively warp-free. Particularly advantageously, the weld seams are configured as stitch seams.
It is advantageous if the top part and bottom part consist of steel and the side walls of high-grade steel. As a result of the different steel types, the profile has particularly good heat-insulating properties, since high-grade steel conducts heat less well than ordinary steel. The profile can in this case still be produced relatively cheaply.
A web of a side wall can have a bead running in the longitudinal direction of the web. The bead is configured as a preferably inwardly directed indentation of approximately semicircular cross section. A profile having a bead arrangement exhibits improved static properties.
A further aspect of the invention relates to a profile for frames of wall elements, doors or windows, having a top part and a bottom part and side walls which connect the same and have openings. On the side walls, in the region of the openings, there are provided inwardly deformable cams for the fixing of insulation material. According to the purpose of use, one or more cams can be provided per opening. The shape of the cams can be chosen as desired, though they should be inwardly deformable in a relatively simple manner. With the aid of the cams, a profile whose chamber contains insulation material is distinguished by an advantageous fixing of the insulation material. Especially in relation to the longitudinal direction of the profile, the insulation material is seated firmly in the chamber and slippage is rendered impossible. As a result of the cams, insulation material which only partially fills the chamber of the profile and is disposed, in particular, centrally in the region of the side walls can also be fixed simply.
Advantageously, the insulation material is held by the cams in a non-positive and/or positive manner in the chamber of the profile. For example, the insulation material, as a result of plastic deformation of the insulation material, can engage in the latter. It is also conceivable, however, that the insulation material has preformed corresponding cutouts for the reception of the inwardly deformable cams. It is also conceivable that the cams additionally have inwardly directed claw-like elevations.
Preferably, a cam is disposed approximately centrally in the region of the base of an opening. The base here forms that part of the opening which runs in the longitudinal direction of the profile. Advantageous in this cam arrangement is that the cams are situated at a statically favorable location and the cams can be pressed in a rational and simple manner.
Insulation material can be disposed in the region of the side walls, whereby an upper and lower chamber is formed. The insulation element is preferably approximately rectangular in cross section. According to the purpose of use, these two chambers can likewise be filled with insulation material, fire protection elements or similar. The approximately central arrangement of the insulation material leads to particularly good heat-insulating properties of the profile.
A further aspect of the invention relates to a method for producing a profile for frames of wall elements, doors or windows, having a top part, a bottom part and side walls which connect the same, the side walls having webs for improving the heat-insulating properties of the profile and cams for the fixing of insulation material. For the fixing of the insulation material, which is disposed in the chamber of the profile, the cams are pressed in inward. This can be realized by a milling, rolling and/or pressing method. The inwardly deformable cams are provided in the region of the side wall openings formed by the webs. The described method for the fixing of insulation material can also be applied in profiles which have no webs or openings.
Preferably, the cams are pressed into the insulation material or are pressed in inward in such a way that, through plastic deformation of the insulation material, they engage positively in the insulation material. Naturally it is conceivable that - in place of insulation material - other materials or elements, for example fire protection elements, are fixed in a profile according to this method.
A further aspect of the invention relates to a method for producing a profile for frames of wall elements, doors or windows, having a top part, a bottom part and side walls which connect the same, the side walls having webs. With the aid of a punching or cutting method, especially a laser cutting method, openings are made in the side walls. If the profile is meant to have cams, these are preferably punched or cut out of the side walls in the same work step. Subsequently, the side walls are welded to the top part and the bottom part.
Advantageously, the top and bottom parts are made of a plate. By an edging and/or roll-forming method, the plates can be easily deformed in such a way that preferably on both sides there are formed approximately rectangular angular deviations and, disposed thereon, inwardly directed end faces with a stop.
Further individual features and advantages of the invention emerge from the following description of the illustrative embodiments and from the drawings, in which:
a shows a cross section through a profile,
b shows a plan view of a side wall, which is integrally connected to a bottom part, before being shaped into an L-profile for use for the profile according to
a shows a view of a side wall for a profile,
b shows a view of a side wall for a further profile, and
As represented in
The side walls 5 are respectively connected by welding to the top part 16 and to the bottom part 2. The weld seam 15 here runs in the longitudinal direction. Instead of an unbroken seam, broken seams (stitch seams) are also conceivable.
The weld seam 15 is disposed in the region of the corners of the profile 1. For profiles 1 which are exposed to higher static loads, a V-seam or I-seam, for example, should be provided. For this, the top part 16 or the bottom part 2 would need to possess, for example, an additional angular deviation, whereby the top part 16 and the bottom part 2 would be flush in the region of the provided seam.
b further shows the obliquely running webs 5, which are created by the making of openings 11 in the side wall 4. The webs 5 are here inclined at an angle of 45° in relation to the longitudinal axis of the profile. Naturally, other angles of inclination are conceivable, for example angles of inclination between preferably 30° to 90°. Naturally, the webs 5 could also be disposed perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. The webs 5 and the openings 11 are generally disposed centrally in a side wall 4. The web spacing a can in this case vary according to the required thermal insulation or static requirement for a profile of frames for doors, windows or wall elements. The length of the webs 5 is dependent on the web spacing a and on the angle of inclination of the webs. A web 5 which is obliquely configured in this way, by virtue of its length in relation to the web spacing a, reduces the heat passage due to heat conduction. If, for example, the heat conduction is meant to be small, then, in particular, the web spacing a (in relation to the distance between the top part 16 and the bottom part 2) is chosen, whereas if the profile 1 is meant to withstand high static and possible dynamic loads, then a smaller web spacing is chosen. As is shown in
Further illustrative embodiments of the profiles according to the invention are shown in
The top part 16 and the bottom part 2 respectively possess angular deviations 6, which run parallel to the side walls 3 and 4 and against which the side walls 3 and 4 respectively bear flatly. Preferably, the side walls 3 and 4 are fitted on the inner side, as shown by
As can be seen from
a and 8b show variants of arrangements of webs 5, 5′. Thus
A profile 1 in fire protection version is shown in
In
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
03019838.6 | Sep 2003 | EP | regional |
04016906.2 | Jul 2004 | EP | regional |
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
---|---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP04/09330 | 8/20/2004 | WO | 6/14/2006 |