Embodiments of the present invention relate to a protective envelope for a handheld electronic device, such as a mobile telephone, a personal digital assistant, or an MP3 player.
Embodiments of the present invention more particularly relate to radio-frequency identification (RFID) techniques and Near Field Communication (NFC) techniques.
Recently, the industry has greatly invested in research and development in order to integrate NFC technology in wide-spread handheld electronic devices, beginning with mobile telephones. Mobile telephone manufacturers are already proposing new generations of NFC mobile telephones that offer, in addition to the customary mobile telephone functions, NFC functions (such as, for example, the mobile telephone 6131 NFC commercially available from NOKIA®).
The NFC techniques offer a short-range communication distance, typically from several millimeters to tens of centimeters, and are utilized in combination with conventional RFID techniques in order to make electronic chips capable of exchanging data with contactless chip cards, contactless electronic tags, or other NFC chips by inductive coupling.
As a result, an NFC mobile telephone can typically read data in contactless RFID tags or cards, or communicate with other NFC devices. NFC technology also allows transactions to be performed, such as the payment of services (transportation, bills, or the like), the withdrawal of money, the purchase of units, or the like. An NFC telephone can thus be used as a means of payment similar to a credit card.
In order to offer the user access to payment services, a secure element SE having a processor P2 is also provided. This processor P2 can be embedded in the telephone 10 or supplied in a removable microcard format that can be inserted in a slot or a housing of the telephone 10. In a standard NFC chipset architecture for mobile telephones, processors BBP, P1, and P2 are considered as host processors of the controller NFCC (See, for example, patent applications EP 1 855 229 and EP 1 855 389 or US 2007/0263595 and US 2007/0263596 to Inside Contactless). Data routing between these various elements is performed by the controller NFCC according to a Host Controller Interface (HCI) protocol.
In spite of these recent technical developments, the main hindrance to the development of NFC technology in mobile telephones is the market itself, that is to say the user demand, as well as the number of NFC applications currently available. In broad terms, the “commercial equation” that needs to be solved in order to allow for a rapid development of NFC technology is to lower the price of NFC mobile telephones (ideally an NFC mobile telephone should be sold at the same price as that of a conventional mobile telephone) while increasing the number of applications available to the users. However, one does not occur without the other: a greater number of applications would encourage more users to acquire NFC mobile telephones, from which a drop in price would result due to mass-production. Inversely, an increasing number of users with NFC mobile telephones would encourage service-providers to offer a greater number of NFC applications. As these two parameters of the “commercial equation” are interdependent, it is understandable that the decrease in cost of embedded NFC technology is an essential factor for its development.
From this point of view, the hardware integration of NFC controllers into existing NFC mobile telephone platforms is an obstacle to the development of NFC technology and causes an increase in the cost of the platform that is greater than the cost of the NFC controller itself. In fact, such integration requires modifications of the motherboard architecture of the telephone and modifications of the architecture of the other elements (in particular for their adaptation to the HCI interface).
It is desirable to promote NFC technology by proposing a simple solution that allows mobile telephone users to benefit from NFC technology and its applications without requiring that the mobile telephone manufacturers redesign the hardware architecture of their mobile telephones.
Embodiments of the invention relate to a protective envelope for a handheld electronic device, shaped to cover at least 40% of the surface of the handheld device, and including at least a first housing having at least one first host processor or being suitable for receiving at least one first host processor, at least one main antenna, and a link between the host processor and the main antenna.
In one embodiment, the link between the processor and the main antenna is internal wiring.
In one embodiment, the link between the processor and the antenna is an auxiliary antenna connected to the host processor, which is inductively coupled with the main antenna.
In one embodiment, the first housing is shaped to receive a plastic card, in which the host processor is embedded.
In one embodiment, the protective envelope further includes a contactless communication controller or a second housing suitable for receiving the main communication controller, and a link between the contactless communication controller and the main antenna.
In one embodiment, the first housing includes a first group of contacts to contact the host processor. The contactless communication controller is linked to the antenna through internal wiring, and the contactless communication controller is linked to contacts of the first group of contacts through internal wiring, so that the host processor is linked to the main antenna through the contactless communication controller.
In one embodiment, the contactless communication controller is linked to the antenna through internal wiring, and the main antenna is configured to be inductively coupled with an auxiliary antenna of the host processor.
In one embodiment, the protective envelope includes a second housing to accommodate the contactless communication controller. The first housing includes a first group of contacts to contact the host processor. The second housing includes a second group of contacts to contact the contactless communication controller. Contacts of the second group of contacts are connected to the main antenna through internal wiring, and contacts of the first group of contacts are linked to contacts of the second group of contacts through internal wiring, so that the host processor is linked to the main antenna through the contactless communication controller.
In one embodiment, the protective envelope further includes at least one connector configured to be connected to the handheld electronic device, and an internal electric wiring and contacts to link the contactless communication chip to the connector.
In one embodiment, the protective envelope further includes at least one wireless interface circuit linked to the contactless communication controller and configured to establish a wireless link between the contactless communication controller and the handheld device.
In one embodiment, the protective envelope further includes at least one power supply source such as an electric battery, a solar cell, or both.
In one embodiment, the protective envelope further includes internal electric wiring having conductors formed on one side of an insulating material, forming the body of the envelope or embedded in the insulating material.
In one embodiment, the body of the envelope is made of at least one supple and flexible material.
Embodiments of the present invention also relate to a method for supplying an assembly for using a contactless communication technology to users of a handheld electronic device. The method includes supplying the users with a protective envelope for the handheld device, shaped to cover at least 40% of the surface of the handheld device, and providing, in the protective envelope: at least a first housing having at least one first host processor or being suitable for receiving at least one first host processor, and at least one main antenna, linked to the host processor of inductively coupled to an auxiliary antenna of the host processor.
In one embodiment, the method further includes providing users with an NFC contactless chip embedded in a plastic microcard to be inserted in the first housing.
In one embodiment, the method further includes: providing, in the protective envelope, a contactless communication controller embedded in the protective envelope or a second housing to receive a contactless communication controller, and electric wiring to link the contactless communication controller to the main antenna. The method further includes providing users with the auxiliary secure chip embedded in a plastic microcard, to allow users to conduct transactions involving debiting a user account.
In one embodiment, the method further includes providing, in the protective envelope, at least one connector to be connected to the handheld device.
In one embodiment, the method further includes providing, in the protective envelope, a wireless interface circuit linked configured to establish a wireless link between with the handled device.
The foregoing summary, as well as the following detailed description of the invention, will be better understood when read in conjunction with the appended drawings. For the purpose of illustrating the invention, there are shown in the drawings embodiments which are presently preferred. It should be understood, however, that the invention is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown.
In the drawings:
The protective envelope 300 also includes a male or female connector 25A provided for connection with a respective female or male connector 25B of the mobile telephone 20 when inserted into the protective envelope 300. For example, the connector 25A is a male USB connector and the connector 25B is a female USB connector.
As shown in
The controller NFCC's architecture is, for example, similar to the architecture of an NFC controller commercialized by Inside Contactless under the designation Microread®, and integrates an NFC reader function (active mode) and an NFC card emulation function (passive mode). The controller NFCC can operate under various different contactless protocols, such as ISO 14443 A/B, 15693, 18092, or the like. The protective envelope 300 also includes one or more housings to receive other components, here two housings 34, 35. Each housing 34, 35 comprises an insertion slot suitable for receiving a plastic microcard, respectively SE1, SE2, that may have a conventional format such as Micro-SIM, Plug-in SIM or ID-000, and may be detached from an ISO ID-1 card by the user the first time it is used.
Each microcard SE1, SE2 is of “secure element” type and is provided to secure some types of transactions. For example, microcard SE1 is provided by a first application provider and microcard SE2 is provided by a second application provider.
Referring to
Referring again to
In one embodiment, processors P11 and P12 may be powered by power supply terminals of the controller NFCC, instead of being connected to the Vcc/GND lines of the USB bus.
An examplary architecture of the controller NFCC is also shown in
The interface INT1 is a USB interface circuit and is linked to the processor BBP of the mobile telephone through conductors C3(D+), C4(D−) and connectors 25A, 25B. In this manner, the controller NFCC can exchange data with the baseband processor BBP. The interface circuits INT2, INT3 are, for example, serial communication circuits such as Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitters (UARTs) or any other type of communication interface conventionally implemented in NFC controllers, such as single wire protocol (SWP), S2C (SigIn SigOut), ISO 7816, or the like. The interface INT2 is connected to conductors C11, C12, which are linked to the processor P11. The interface INT3 is connected to conductors C11, C12 which are linked to the processor P12. In this manner, the controller NFCC can exchange data with processors P11, P12.
The group of elements includes the controller NFCC, the processors P11, P12, and the baseband processor BBP, interconnected in the previously-described manner, forms the equivalent of an NFC chipset of the type described in applications EP 1 855 229 and EP 1 855 389, or US 2007/263595 and US 2007/263596, in which P11, P12 are host processors of controller NFCC. Thus, when a contactless communication link has been established between controller NFCC and an external secured device, one of the host processors P11, P12 can manage a secure transaction with the secure external device through the controller NFCC. However, such a “chipset” is implemented here without it being necessary to integrate the controller NFCC and the host processors P11, P12 on the motherboard of the mobile telephone.
The material forming the body of protective envelope 300 can be an electrically insulating material that is either single-layer or multilayer. It is preferably supple and flexible, but may also be rigid in applications in which a stronger protection is desired. Conductors C1-C6, C11-C14 are, for example, conductive tracks deposited on the material forming the protective envelope or sandwiched between two layers of this material or of different materials. Likewise, the controller NFCC chip may be mounted on the material forming the protective envelope or sandwiched between two layers of this material or of different materials. In one embodiment, the material forming the protective envelope is very thin and the protective envelope forms a sort of “smart skin” that covers the telephone.
A magnetic screen, for example a magnetically-reflective layer comprising a magnetically-conductive material, can also be provided on, or in, the protective envelope to protect the circuitry of the telephone from the magnetic field emitted by the antenna coil AC1.
Processors P11′, P12′ may also be configured to perform NFC transactions. In that case, the protective envelope 302 can also be used in a passive mode in which an external NFC reader or NFC controller establishes a communication with one of processors P11′, P12′ to implement a transaction. Antenna coil AC2, which is inductively coupled to auxiliary antenna coils ANT1 ANT2, is therefore used by processor P11′ or P12′ as a booster antenna during the transaction, to increase the communication distance with the external NFC reader or NFC controller. Once the transaction is completed, the controller NFCC may ask processors P11′ or P12′ to forward to it the transaction data or a transaction summary.
Additionally, as shown in
In another variant of the protective envelope, connector 25A is replaced by a wireless data link with the mobile phone. As an example,
Various other embodiments of a protective envelope according to embodiments of the invention can be contemplated by those skilled in the art. Various other host processors may be provided to offer additional functionalities or contactless services. Likewise, additional housings may be provided to receive memory cards comprising NFC application software or memory cards to save transaction data.
Embodiments of the protective envelope may also be provided to be used as a passive “smart skin” and may comprise one or more contactless integrated circuits without the controller NFCC. By way of example,
Another example of passive “smart skin” 306 is shown in
In other respects, instead of being equipped with an NFC controller communication chip using a B-field antenna coil and inductive coupling techniques to communicate with external NFC devices, embodiments of the protective envelope according to the invention may comprise UHF communication chips. In this case an E-field antenna, such as a dipolar antenna or a petal-shaped antenna, is provided instead of the B-field antenna coil.
Finally, a protective envelope according to embodiments of the invention can also be configured to be used with various other types of handheld electronic devices such as personal digital assistants (PDAs), MP3 players, or the like.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes could be made to the embodiments described above without departing from the broad inventive concept thereof. It is understood, therefore, that this invention is not limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but it is intended to cover modifications within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.