Patent Grant
11931083
The present disclosure relates to surgical devices and stabilization systems, for example, for trauma applications, and more particularly, for stabilization of proximal humeral fractures.
Bone fractures are often repaired by internal fixation of the bone, such as diaphyseal bone, using one or more plates. The plate is held against the fractured bone with screws, for example, which engage the bone and heads which provide a compressive force against the plate. The plate and bone are thus forced against each other in a manner that transfers load primarily between a bone contacting surface of the plate and the bone surface to reinforce the fractured bone during healing. This manner of plating generally creates relatively low stress concentration in the bone, as there may be a large contact area between the plate and the diaphyseal bone surface permitting transfer of load to be dispersed. There may be a desire to use locking screws, non-locking screws, or a combination of both that are able to dynamically compress the bone. Of course, the designs of the plates, types of screws, and locking and/or non-locking capabilities may vary based on the location and type of fracture.
The three long bones of the upper extremity are the humerus, radius, and ulna. In the case of proximal humerus fracture fixation, plating of the lateral bone surface may be desirable. In some cases, plating alone may lead to humeral head collapse during healing, and the addition of an allograft fibular strut inside of the intramedullary canal and inserted through the fracture site may prevent head collapse. There remains a need, however, for improved plating systems and/or intramedullary systems that provide appropriate stabilization to the humerus.
To meet this and other needs, devices, systems, and methods of bone stabilization are provided, for example, for humerus stabilization. The proximal humerus stabilization systems may include one or more plates and one or more fasteners. The proximal humerus stabilization systems may also include an intramedullary nail and one or more fasteners extending therethrough. The plate and nail may each be used alone or may be used in combination together to stabilize a long bone, such as a humerus. Although generally described with reference to the humerus, it will be appreciated that the stabilization systems described herein may be used or adapted to be used for the fixation of other long bones as well, such as the femur, tibia, etc.
According to one embodiment, a stabilization system includes a bone plate, an intramedullary nail, and a plurality of fasteners. The bone plate comprises an elongated portion extending along a longitudinal axis and an enlarged head portion extending from the elongated portion, the bone plate comprising a plurality of through holes. The intramedullary nail comprises an upper portion and a lower portion extending from the upper portion, the upper portion and the lower portion including a plurality of holes. The intramedullary nail may be configured such that the lower portion of the intramedullary nail is received in an intramedullary canal and the upper portion is received in the head of the humerus. The fasteners are configured to extend through one or more of the plurality of through holes in the bone plate and one or more of the plurality of holes in the intramedullary nail and into the bone.
The fasteners may include locking fasteners (e.g., configured to lock to the plate and/or the intramedullary nail), non-locking fasteners (e.g., configured to provide dynamic compression of the bone), polyaxial fasteners (e.g., configured to be inserted at a plurality of angles or trajectories), fixed angle fasteners (e.g., configured to be inserted at a fixed angle or trajectory), or any other suitable fasteners known in the art. The plurality of through holes may comprise first and second polyaxial openings, and the plurality of fasteners may comprise polyaxial calcar screws configured to be received in the first and second polyaxial openings, and configured to be aimed at a calcar region of a proximal humerus. The plurality of through holes may comprise a plurality of fixed angle openings positioned on the enlarged head portion of the plate, and the plurality of fasteners may comprise fixed angle, locking screws configured to be received in the fixed angle openings and the upper portion of the intramedullary nail and configured to be aimed at a humeral head. The plurality of through holes may comprise a plurality of elongated slots positioned on the elongated portion of the plate, and the plurality of fasteners may comprise at least one polyaxial screw configured to be received in at least one of the plurality of elongated slots and within one of the plurality of holes in the lower portion of the intramedullary nail to permit dynamic compression of the bone. In some instances, the locking fasteners may include fasteners having self-forming threads on a head portion of the fasteners, which are configured to lock to at least one of the plurality of through holes on the plate.
According to another embodiment, a stabilization system configured to stabilize a humerus includes a bone plate, a plurality of polyaxial calcar fasteners, a plurality of fixed angle, locking fasteners, and at least one polyaxial, non-locking fastener. The bone plate includes an elongated portion extending along a longitudinal axis and an enlarged head portion extending from the elongated portion. The bone plate comprises first and second polyaxial openings, a plurality of fixed angle openings positioned on the enlarged head portion of the plate, and a plurality of elongated slots positioned on the elongated portion of the plate. The plurality of polyaxial calcar fasteners may be configured to be received in the first and second polyaxial openings and configured to be aimed at a calcar region of the humerus. The plurality of fixed angle, locking fasteners may be configured to be received in the plurality of fixed angle openings, respectively, and configured to be aimed at a humeral head of the humerus. The polyaxial, non-locking fastener may be configured to be received in one of the plurality of elongated slots to permit dynamic compression of the bone and configured to be aimed at a shaft of the humerus.
According to another embodiment, a stabilization system includes an implant and a plurality of fasteners. The implant has an upper portion and a lower portion, the upper portion configured and dimensioned to be cylindrical and the lower portion extending from the upper portion, the upper portion and the lower portion including a plurality of holes. The lower portion may be positioned in an intramedullary canal and the upper portion may be positioned in a humeral head. The plurality of fasteners may be configured to be received by the plurality of holes of the upper and lower portions of the implant.
According to yet another embodiment, one or more methods of installing a stabilization system may include aligning a bone plate to a lateral surface of the humerus, inserting an intramedullary nail such that the nail is at least partially received in the head of the humerus and the intramedullary canal of the shaft, and inserting one or more fasteners through the bone plate, through the intramedullary nail, and into the bone to stabilize the humerus and repair the fracture. Before the fasteners are inserted, one or more pilot holes may be pre-drilled and the bone plate and/or intramedullary nail may comprise one or more drill guides to aid in aligning the appropriate trajectories of the respective bone fasteners.
Also provided are kits for the stabilization systems including bone plates of varying sizes and orientations, intramedullary nails of varying sizes and orientations, fasteners including locking fasteners, non-locking, compression fasteners, polyaxial fasteners, fixed angle fasteners, or any other suitable fasteners, drill guides, k-wires, sutures, and other components for installing the same.
A more complete understanding of the present invention, and the attendant advantages and features thereof, will be more readily understood by reference to the following detailed description when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings wherein:
Embodiments of the disclosure are generally directed to devices, systems, and methods for bone stabilization, especially proximal humeral stabilization. Specifically, embodiments are directed to proximal humerus stabilization systems including a bone plate configured to sit on a lateral surface of the proximal humerus and supporting the fractured head of the humerus. Other embodiments are directed toward drill guides configured to guide predrilling of pilot holes for insertion into the bone plate. Further embodiments are direction alternative proximal humerus stabilization systems including a bone plate used in conjunction with an intramedullary nail. The fasteners may be configured to secure both the bone plate and the intramedullary nail. Still other embodiments are directed to different types of holes and fasteners configured to provide locking and/or compression to the bone.
The bone plate and/or intramedullary nail may be comprised of titanium, stainless steel, cobalt chrome, carbon composite, plastic or polymer—such as polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyethylene, ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), resorbable polylactic acid (PLA), polyglycolic acid (PGA), combinations or alloys of such materials or any other appropriate material that has sufficient strength to be secured to and hold bone, while also having sufficient biocompatibility to be implanted into a body. Similarly, the fasteners may be comprised of titanium, cobalt chrome, cobalt-chrome-molybdenum, stainless steel, tungsten carbide, combinations or alloys of such materials or other appropriate biocompatible materials. Although the above list of materials includes many typical materials out of which bone plates, intramedullary nails, and bone fasteners are made, it should be understood that the bone plates, intramedullary nails, and fasteners comprised of any appropriate material are contemplated.
The embodiments of the disclosure and the various features and advantageous details thereof are explained more fully with reference to the non-limiting embodiments and examples that are described and/or illustrated in the accompanying drawings and detailed in the following description. The features of one embodiment may be employed with other embodiments as the skilled artisan would recognize, even if not explicitly stated herein. Descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques may be omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the embodiments of the disclosure. The examples used herein are intended merely to facilitate an understanding of ways in which the disclosure may be practiced and to further enable those of skill in the art to practice the embodiments of the disclosure. Accordingly, the examples and embodiments herein should not be construed as limiting the scope of the disclosure, which is defined solely by the appended claims and applicable law. Moreover, it is noted that like reference numerals represent similar features and structures throughout the several views of the drawings.
Proximal Humeral Plate System
Referring now to the drawing,
The bone plate 110 extends from a first end 112 configured to be positioned proximate to a distal portion of femur 102 to a second end 114 configured to be positioned proximate to the head 104 of the femur 102. The plate 110 includes a top surface 116 and an opposite, bottom surface 118 configured to contact adjacent bone. The top and bottom surfaces 116, 118 are connected by opposite side surfaces extending from the first to second ends 112, 114 of the plate 110. With emphasis on
The bone plate 110 includes an elongated portion 140 extending along a longitudinal axis L having a length greater than its width. The elongated portion 140 is configured to contact the shaft of the femur 102. The elongated portion 140 may terminate at the first end 112 with a taper such that it has a width and/or thickness less than the remainder of the elongated portion 140. The bone plate 110 also includes an enlarged head portion 142 extending from the elongated portion 140. The enlarged head portion 142 or a portion thereof is configured to contact the head 104 of the femur 102. The enlarged head portion 142 has a width greater than the width of the elongated portion 140. The enlarged head portion 142 extends along an axis A at an angle relative to the longitudinal axis L of the elongated portion 140. The angle of the head portion 142 relative to the elongated portion 140 may range from about 10-60°, about 20-50°, about 30-40°, about 40-50°, or another appropriate angle. As best seen in
As best seen in
The plate 110 includes one or more through openings 120 configured to receive one or more bone fasteners 130. The openings 120 extend through the body of the plate 110 from the top surface 116 to the bottom surface 118. The openings 120 may include cylindrical openings, conical openings, elongated openings, threaded openings, textured openings, non-threaded and/or non-textured openings, and the like. The openings 120 may allow for locking of the fastener 130 to the plate 110 or may allow for movement and dynamic compression of the bone. The plate 110 may comprise any suitable number of openings 120 in any suitable configuration. These openings 120 allow surgeons more flexibility for fastener placement, based on preference, anatomy, and fracture location. Surgeons may have differing opinions as to the number, location, and types of fasteners 130. Further, complexity of fracture location and shape makes having as many locations for fasteners 130 as possible necessary. This design offers surgeons a versatile method to achieve higher accuracy in placement of the fasteners 130.
The openings 120 may be configured to receive one or more bone fasteners 130. The fasteners 130 may include locking fasteners, non-locking fasteners, or any other fasteners known in the art. The fasteners 130 may comprise bone screws or the like. The fasteners 130 may also include other fasteners or anchors configured to be secured or engaged with bone, such as nails, spikes, staples, pegs, barbs, hooks, or the like. The fasteners 130 may include fixed and/or variable angle bone screws. The fastener 130 may include a head portion 132 and a shaft portion 134 configured to engage bone. For a locking fastener 130, the shaft portion 134 may be threaded such that the fastener 130 may be threaded into the bone. The head portion 132 may include a textured area, such as threads, around its outer surface sized and configured to engage with the opening 120, for example, and corresponding threads in the opening 120 in order to lock the fastener 130 to the plate 110. In the alternative, for a non-locking fastener 130, the head portion 132 may be substantially smooth to allow for dynamic compression of the bone.
As best seen in
These fasteners 130A may be in the form of polaxial calcar bone screws. The calcar fasteners 130A may be generally larger (e.g., in length and/or diameter) than the other fasteners securing the plate 110 to the bone. The fasteners 130A are optionally cannulated to allow for precise placement with a k-wire (not shown) if desired by the surgeon. Another advantage of the polyaxial calcar fastener 130A is that the plate 110 can be placed in a wide range of locations in the proximal/distal direction, allowing the surgeons to avoid impingement, especially in small bones, and still achieve excellent purchase in the calcar 106 because of the polyaxiality of the fastener 130A. The calcar fasteners 130A may include polyaxial screws having self-forming threads that work by displacement of the plate material, which are described in more detail herein. The plate 110 may further include an opening 120 configured to receive a fixed angle calcar fastener 130B. The fixed angle calcar fastener 130B may be positioned in the mid-section of the plate 110 if the surgeon would like to use the fixed angle fastener 130B to line up the plate 110 relative to the bone.
Turning now to
With emphasis on
As best seen in
The plate 110 may further comprise a plurality of openings 124 configured to receive one or more k-wires (not shown). The k-wire holes 124 may comprise small diameter holes (e.g., having a diameter significantly smaller than the fastener openings 120). The k-wire holes 124 may be located in both proximal and distal sections of the plate 110 to allow preliminary placement of the plate 110 against the bone and/or to aid in reduction of the fracture. Distal k-wire holes 124 follow the anterior side of the plate 110 to make k-wire placement easier in the anterolateral approach.
The bone plate 110 may be attached to a proximal humerus to fixate one or more bone fractures or fragments and thereby promote healing of the bone. The plate 110 further restores the anatomic alignment of the proximal humerus 102. The plate 110 may be positioned against the lateral surface of the humerus 102. One or more k-wires may be supplied through the k-wire holes 124 to assist with preliminary placement of the plate 110. One or more sutures may be tied through the suture holes 122 to secure the plate 110 to the tissue before or after the fasteners 130 are inserted. Pilot holes may be drilled through the fastener openings 120 to prepare to receive the respective fasteners 130. The fasteners 130A, 130B, 130C may be positioned through the respective openings 120A, 120B, 120C and into the humerus 102. The fasteners 130 may be affixed to the bone in any suitable order, number, and orientation depending on the anatomy of the bone and the fracture.
Drill Guides
In some embodiments, it may be desirable to drill pilot holes before insertion of the fasteners 130.
The bone plates 110 may be designed to accommodate locking fasteners 130 which anchor into bone and lock to the plate 110 creating a fixed construct. Depending on the opening 120 in the plate 110, the fasteners 130 may be intended to have one fixed, nominal trajectory in which they can be inserted into the plate 110 for proper locking to occur. A tapered external thread on the head portion 132 of the fastener 130 is configured to interface with an internal tapered thread in the opening 120 of the plate 110, thereby locking the fastener 130 to the plate 110.
Instead of traditional single drill guides, which require the guide to be positioned over each respective opening 120, each plate 110 may have drill guides 160 already inserted into therein at each respective locking hole 120. The surgeon would then be able to immediately drill the pilot hole, for example, with the drill 170, through the pre-installed drill guide 160 without having the extra step of loading a traditional drill guide for each fastener 130 to be inserted. After the fastener 130 is inserted, the screw guide 160 may be removed, for example, with a self-retaining hexalobular or hexagonal female recess 162 on the top of the drill guide 160.
The pilot holes may be drilled after the plates 110 are provisionally placed, and before insertion of bone fasteners 130 into the bone. Many locking holes 120 have trajectories that are not oriented normal to the top surface 116 of the plate 110, and therefore can be difficult to thread in without knowing the nominal trajectory. Accordingly, the screw guides 160 will further provide an easy way to achieve the desired trajectory, and the pilot hole(s) can define the trajectory that the fastener 130 will follow during insertion. In order for the construct to lock properly, the trajectory of the fastener 130 should be correct so that the complimentary tapered threads of the fastener 130 and the opening 120 are able to interface.
The pre-installed drill guide 160 may extend from a first end to a second end configured to be received in one of the openings 120 in the plate 110. To engage the plate 110, the second end of the drill guide 160 may include a plurality of external threads 164 configured to engage corresponding threads in the opening 120. The external thread 164 may extend along a portion of the length of the drill guide 160 (e.g., less than half or less than a third of the length) or along the entire length of the drill guide 160. The drill guide 160 may have a head similar to the head portion 132 of the locking bone fastener 130, for example, on the bottom, with a round section protruding from the top of the plate 110. The center of the guide 160 may include a hole or cannulated opening 166 extending through its entirety with a diameter slightly larger than the drill 170 to allow for a slip fit. The first end of the drill guide 160 may include the female recess 162, such as but not limited to hexalobe or hexagon, and being larger than the cannulated hole 166 for guide removal. The female recess 162 for removal may be self-retaining so that the drill guide 160 can be removed and stay in place on the driver for removal from body. In an alternative embodiment, the outside of the drill guide 160 is shaped as a male feature, such as a hexagon, for removal with the use of a socket-like driver or the like.
As seen more clearly in
The drill guide 161 may be configured to couple with a supplemental drill guide that freely fits into holes in the drill guide 161 to drill the screw hole at the correct trajectory. The supplemental drill guide is then removed and screw can fit through the drill guide 161 and are guided at the trajectory directed by the guide. The underside of the drill guide 161 will be contoured to the top side of the proximal humerus plate, but only interface with the plate at the three protrusions so that the guide 161 may be positioned correctly regardless of plate contour variations. In one exemplary embodiment, at least one of the plurality of protrusions may be provided with a ledge 165 that contacts the surface of the plate 110. In another embodiment, the underside surface of the drill guide 161 contacts the entire surface of the plate. In yet another embodiment, the underside drill guide surface does not contact the upper surface of the plate. The drill guide 161 may be contoured to match the contour of the plate.
The drill guide 161 may be made of plastic or metal. The drill guide 161 can be pre-installed and then removed after fasteners are positioned within the bone. In another embodiment, located on the bottom surface of the plate, there are dimples 163 which reduce contact between the plate and the bone surface, helping preserve blood supply to the bone and prevent osteonecrosis.
Proximal Humeral Plate and Intramedullary Nail System
According to another embodiment exemplified in
The bone plate 210 may include similar features as the standalone bone plate 110 described above. As best seen in
Similar to plate 110, plate 210 includes one or more through openings 220 configured to receive one or more bone fasteners 230. The openings 220 may include cylindrical openings, conical openings, elongated openings, threaded openings, textured openings, non-threaded and/or non-textured openings, and the like. The fasteners 230 may include locking fasteners, non-locking fasteners, or any other fasteners known in the art. The openings 220 may allow for locking of the fastener 230 to the plate 210 or may allow for movement and dynamic compression of the bone. The plate 210 may comprise any suitable number of openings 220 in any suitable configuration.
The fasteners 230 may include fixed and/or variable angle bone screws. The fastener 230 may include head portion 232 and shaft portion 234 configured to engage bone. The shaft portion 234 may be threaded such that the fastener 230 may be threaded into the bone. For a locking fastener 230, the head portion 232 may include a textured area, such as threads, around its outer surface sized and configured to engage with the opening 220, for example, and corresponding threads in the opening 220 in order to lock the fastener 230 to the plate 210. In the alternative, for a non-locking fastener 230, the head portion 232 may be substantially smooth to allow for dynamic compression of the bone.
As best seen in
Turning now to
The intramedullary nail 250 includes an upper portion 252 and a lower portion 254. The upper portion 252 being proximal to or configured to be positioned substantially within the humeral head 104 and the lower portion 254 being distal to the humeral head 104 and configured to extend substantially into the shaft of the humerus 102. The upper and lower portions 252, 254 may each have a width (or diameter) and a length. The width or diameter of the upper portion 252 may be greater than the width or diameter of the lower portion 254, and the length of the lower portion 254 may be greater than the length of the upper portion 252. Preferably, the upper portion 252 is sized and dimensioned to be substantially received within the humeral head 104 and the lower portion 254 is sized and dimensioned to be substantially received within the intramedullary canal.
In one embodiment, the upper portion 252 is configured as a cage, cylinder, or tube. It should be noted that the upper portion 252 may be any geometrical shape that best suits the positioning of the implant 250 within the humeral head 104. For instance, the upper portion 252 may be rectangular, oblong, polygonal, or the like. The upper portion 254 of the implant 250 may form a unitary body having a plurality of through openings or holes 256 for receiving the fasteners 230 described herein. The holes 256 may be positioned on the upper portion 252 so that the fasteners 230 enter the holes and rigidly couple the upper portion 252 to bone and/or bone fragments of the humeral head 102. Each of the plurality of holes 256 of the upper portion 252 may have an entry point and an exit point. The holes 256 may be threaded or textured (e.g., to receive locking fasteners 230) or non-threaded/non-textured (e.g., to receive compression fasteners 230).
In another embodiment, the upper portion 252 may be configured having a hollow body with the plurality of holes 256 on the exterior surface of the cylinder and extending through the width or diameter of the cylinder. In another embodiment, the upper portion 252 may be configured as an expandable device, so that it enters the humeral head 104 in a first, collapsed configuration and then is expanded into a second, expanded configuration. In yet another embodiment, shown in
The lower portion 254 may be configured as an elongate shaft or stem. The lower portion 254 of the implant 250 may be a single body that extends from the upper portion 252 towards the distal portion of the humerus 102. The lower portion 254 may be configured as a cylindrical shaft, however, the shaft may be configured as any geometrical shape (e.g., rectangular, oblong, polygonal, or the like) that suits the intramedullary canal. The shaft or lower portion 254 may be compatible with reverse or hemi shoulder arthroplasty implants.
The lower portion 254 may form a unitary body having a plurality of through openings or holes 256 for receiving fasteners 230 as described herein. Each of the plurality of holes 256 of the lower portion 254 may have an entry point and an exit point. The holes 256 may be threaded or textured (e.g., to receive locking fasteners 230) or non-threaded/non-textured (e.g., to receive compression fasteners 230). The holes 256 in the lower portion 254 may be conical, for example, to accept polyaxial screws in the plate 210. In another embodiment, the lower portion 254 may be configured having a hollow body with the plurality of holes 256 on the exterior surface of the shaft and extending through the width or diameter of the shaft. For the locking fasteners 230, the screw heads may have optional thread in suture anchors to capture rotator cuff tendons. The lower portion 254 may have an optional hydroxyapatite (HA) coating, smooth or porous coatings. According to another embodiment, the lower portion 254 may be configured to have mesh type surface, similar or different from the mesh of the upper portion 252. According to yet another embodiment, the lower portion 254 may also be made with an expandable diameter to give surgeons greater flexibility in sizing and also facilitate distal locking, reducing typical complications.
In one embodiment, the upper portion 252 and the lower portion 254 are configured as a single, unitary body. The intramedullary implant 250 may be anatomically shaped, for example, with a range of medial bends towards the proximal head for increased support. In an alternative embodiment, shown in
According to one embodiment, the bone plate 210 may be attached to the lateral aspect of the proximal humerus 102 to fixate one or more bone fractures or fragments. The intramedullary nail 250 may be inserted into the intramedullary canal. Before or after insertion, bone graft material can be inserted or injected into the upper and/or lower portions 252, 254 of the nail 250 if desired. In addition, the distal end of the lower portion 254 may also be cemented or press fit in to the canal based on surgeon preference. One or more k-wires may be supplied through the k-wire holes 224 to assist with preliminary placement of the plate 210 and/or intramedullary nail 250. One or more sutures may be tied through the suture holes 222 to secure the plate 210 to the tissue before or after the fasteners 230 are inserted.
Pilot holes may be drilled through the fastener openings 220 to prepare to receive the respective fasteners 230. One or more drill guides may be attached to the humeral implant 250 before or during surgery to aid in insertion of lower portion 254 and/or nail 250 into the shaft of the humerus 102. The guide may be used to aim the drill for two distal screw holes. The distal screws 230 may be inserted and then the guide may be rigidly attached to the distal screws 230. The aiming arm may be disconnected from the proximal end of the nail 250. The proximal bone fragment may be placed on top of the nail 250 and the guide may be used to drill screw holes into the proximal nail 250. The screw length and size may be determined so that the articular surface is not affected. The guide may also adapt to connect to lateral platting to synchronize the hole positions.
The fasteners 230A, 230B, 230C may be positioned through the respective openings 220A, 220B, 220C in the plate 210, through the respective through holes 256 in the upper and lower portions 252, 254 of the nail 250, and into the humerus 102. The fasteners 230 may be affixed to the bone in any suitable order, number, and orientation depending on the anatomy of the bone and the fracture. In operation, each of the plurality of holes 220 of the plate 210 are positioned so that the holes 220 are geometrically are aligned with the plurality of holes 256 of the upper portion 252 and the lower portion 254 of the intramedullary implant 250. In another embodiment, the upper and lower portions 252, 254 may be designed with a degree of eccentricity so that during the implantation procedure, when the end of the lower portion 254 is rotated in the intramedullary canal, the upper portion 252 having a larger diameter, may act as a cam pushing the humeral head 104 medially into position. The plate 210 and/or intramedullary nail 250 is configured to restore the anatomic alignment and stabilize the proximal humerus 102. It is contemplated that the plate 210 may be used alone in the stabilization, the nail 250 may be used alone in the stabilization, or both the plate 210 a nail 250 may be used together in the stabilization.
The stabilization system 200 may provide the benefit of medial support to prevent collapse, ability to manipulate fragments using the device, and minimize the need for allograft, thereby decreasing biocompatibility issues. Other benefits may include minimizing the time spent shaping the fibula in the operating room, using a drill guide as a positioning arm for nail placement, and reducing negative affects to the rotator cuff. The system 200 also provides the benefit of either using or not using the lateral plate 210. When not using the lateral plate 210, the nail 250 allows for a less invasive surgical approach, helps to avoid impingement, and may increase patient comfort.
Alternative Hole Configurations
The fixed and variable angle, locking and non-locking openings 120, 220 (e.g., including openings 120A, 120B, 120C, 220A, 220B, 220C) and respective fasteners 130, 230 (e.g., including 130A, 130B, 130C, 230A, 230B, 230C) described herein may be substituted with or include one or more of the following openings 20 and/or fasteners 30, 40. The openings 20 and/or fasteners 30, 40 are generally described with reference to a generic plate 10, which may include plate 110, 210, or any other suitable plate design.
Referring now to the drawing,
The plate 10 includes a top surface 16 and an opposite, bottom surface 18 configured to contact adjacent bone. The plate 10 includes one or more through openings 20 configured to receive one or more bone fasteners 30, 40. The openings 20 extend through the body of the plate 10 from the top surface 16 to the bottom surface 18. In the embodiments depicted in
These openings 20 allow surgeons more flexibility for fastener placement, based on preference, anatomy, and fracture location. Surgeons may have differing opinions as to whether non-locking or locking screws 30, 40 (or some combination of the two) should be used in diaphyseal bone. Further, complexity of fracture location and shape makes having as many locations for fasteners 30, 40 as possible necessary. This design offers surgeons a versatile method to achieve higher accuracy in placement of locking and/or non-locking screws 30, 40.
As best seen in
The locking fastener 30 may include a head portion 32 and a shaft portion 34 configured to engage bone. The shaft portion 34 may be threaded such that the fastener 30 may be threaded into the bone. The head portion 32 of the locking fastener 30 includes a textured area 36 around its outer surface sized and configured to engage with the locking hole 22 of the combination opening 20. The textured area 36 may include threads, ridges, bumps, dimples, serrations, or other types of textured areas. As shown, the texture area 36 preferably includes a threaded portion extending substantially from the top of the head portion 32 to the bottom of the head portion 32 proximate to the shaft portion 34. Thus, when the textured area 36 engages the locking hole 22, the locking fastener 30 is thereby locked to the plate 10.
The non-locking fastener 40 includes a head portion 42 and a shaft portion 44 configured to engage bone. The shaft portion 44 may be threaded such that the fastener 40 may be threaded into the bone. The head portion 42 of the non-locking fastener 40 is substantially smooth around its outer surface such that is able to slide along the elongated compression hole 24. Thus, the non-locking fastener 30 may be coupled to the plate 10, but not locked thereto to enable dynamic compression of the bone. It will be recognized that the head portions 32, 42 of the fasteners 30, 40 may include a recess configured to receive a driver or the like.
The locking hole portion 22 of the combination opening 20 includes a textured portion 26. The textured portion 26 may include threads, ridges, bumps, dimples, serrations, knurls, or other types of textured areas. The textured portion 26 may be of the same type (e.g., mating surfaces) or different from the textured area 36 of the locking fastener 30. As shown, the textured portion 26 is serrated or knurled along an inner portion of the hole 22. The knurled surface may include straight, angled, or crossed lines cut or rolled into the material. In the embodiment shown in
An upper portion of the hole 22 may be tapered 28, without texturing, for example, to facilitate alignment of the fastener 30 with the opening 20. As shown in
The second hole portion 24 of the combination opening 20 may be an elongated dynamic compression hole. The dynamic compression hole 24 may be elongated such that it has a length greater than its width. The hole 24 may be elongated along the longitudinal axis of the plate 10. In the alternative, the hole 24 may be generally cylindrical such that the hole 24 only permits polyaxial movement of the fastener 40. The inner surface of the hole 24 may be substantially smooth such that the non-locking fastener 40 is able to freely pivot and/or slide along the hole 24. This provides for at least two directions of compressive force (e.g., along the longitudinal axis and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the plate 10). The head portion 42 of the non-locking fastener 40 may be substantially smooth around its outer surface. The head portion 42 is sized and configured to engage with and be retained within the hole portion 24 of the combination opening 20. The hole 24 may be configured to receive a fixed or variable angle fastener 40. In one embodiment, the hole 24 may be generally conical in shape and/or tapered such that it is wider near the top surface 16 of the plate 10 and narrower toward the bottom surface 18 of the plate 10. In this embodiment, the hole 24 is a smooth variable angle conical hole configured to receive the non-locking fastener 40. The hole 24 may receive the fastener head 42 allowing movement of the fastener 40, for example, in a polyaxial fashion and/or along the length of the hole 22, thereby providing dynamic compression of the bone.
Turning now to
With reference to
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The non-locking compression fasteners 40 may have a major bone thread diameter such that the fastener 40 can translate between overlapping holes 22F, 24F, 23F without interference. As best seen in
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With reference to
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According to yet another embodiment, the plate 10 may include one or more openings 20 configured to receive the locking fastener 30 having self-forming threads that work by displacement of the plate material to lock the fastener 30 to the plate 10. Turning now to
The locking mechanism includes a fastener 30 having a head portion 32 with self-forming threads that displace the plate material. The plate 10 may be made of a material softer than the fastener 30 to facilitate displacement. For example, the plate 10 may be comprised of titanium, alloys, polymers, or other materials having a lower material hardness (e.g., Rockwell hardness). The fastener 30 may be made of a harder relative material, for example, comprised of cobalt chrome, tungsten, alloys, or other materials having a higher material hardness. Preferably, the fastener 30 is comprised of a material having a strong, stiff, and high surface hardness which facilitates the thread forming process. The forming mechanism works by displacement of material rather than removal of the material of the plate 10, thereby minimizing fragments or chips which are created from tapping.
In
Turning now to
At the intersection between the upper tapered portion 28 and the lower tapered portion 29 a narrowed central portion may have a textured portion 26. As described herein, the textured portion 26 may include threads, ridges, bumps, dimples, serrations, or other types of textured areas. In the embodiment shown in
In
In
The embodiment of the opening 20 in
Although the invention has been described in detail and with reference to specific embodiments, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the invention covers the modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents. It is expressly intended, for example, that all ranges broadly recited in this document include within their scope all narrower ranges which fall within the broader ranges. It is also intended that the components of the various devices disclosed above may be combined or modified in any suitable configuration.
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/476,168, filed Mar. 31, 2017, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/238,767, filed Aug. 17, 2016, which claims priority to U.S. provisional application No. 62/210,680, filed Aug. 27, 2015, all of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety for all purposes.
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| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20220096135 A1 | Mar 2022 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 62210680 | Aug 2015 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 15476168 | Mar 2017 | US |
| Child | 17382493 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 15238767 | Aug 2016 | US |
| Child | 15476168 | US |
