Patent Application
20120217190
The invention is an electromagnetic device for pre-treating flow of fluids such as air and fuel prior to combustion in an internal combustion engine such as a piston engine or a gas turbine to increase efficiency while unwanted or harmful environmental emissions reduced.
Attempts to influence and improve the combustion processes by delaying the combustion process or supply lines, for a magnetic field, has been ongoing at least since about the 1960s. Installation of the magnets to prevent iron filings from engine production to get into aircraft engines have been used during World War II.
It is believed that magnetic fields may improve combustion processes by magnetically influencing the fluids that run into the burning process, even if the applicant knows no full scientific explanation of such electromagnetic pretreatment of fluids would work. It is through practical testing and isolated experiments that the applicant has been able to develop practical magnetic devices designed for this purpose, see e.g. NO316089, U.S. Pat. No. 7,650,877, NO329826.
In systems for magnetic pretreatment of fuel or combustion air is now used permanent magnets. These may also be performed as electromagnets but it takes a lot of electric current in order to generate a magnetic field corresponding to the field from a permanent magnet. Permanent magnets based on neodymium are very strong. This makes the assembly line work difficult because of the magnetic forces on everything in the vicinity that may be magnetized by permanent magnets in the process. When these permanent magnets mounted on large engines, where the magnets are scaled relative to the size of the fluid flow, one will end up quickly with the magnets of a strength that may be dangerous to work with because one may risk crushing.
On some systems, it is also not very advisable to mount heavy permanent magnets because the weight of the magnets will provide long-term damage to the air and fuel pipe and thus it would mean that you have to reinforce the structures in an undesirable degree.
Today, the applicant uses several permanent magnets mounted in sequence on fluid supply pipe to achieve enhanced effects on engines and combustion plant. The device according to the present invention occupies less space than the one used in prior art, and also weighing less.
The present system works dynamically, so that it better works by variations of the liquid and gas velocities in a given engine or turbine system.
Strong permanent magnets are made of rare earth metals, which is a limited resource. An electromagnetic system benefits from common electrical conductors such as copper or aluminum, and cores mainly of iron, and may thus be supplied in large volumes without the same restrictions as you run the risk of rare earth metals.
The invention will be described below in various embodiments. The invention is illustrated in an apparatus for magnetic pre-treating of a first or second flow of fluid (11, 12) in one supply pipes (1, 1′) wherein the fluid flow will run to a combustion chamber (61). The first fluid flow may be a fuel flow (11) and the second fluid flow may be an air flow (12). At least two magnetic fields (22) are led through the fluid flow (11, 12) which runs through the supply pipe (1, 1′), please see
Each magnetic field (22) may have an arbitrary direction through the fluid flow (11, 12) and just run through some of the fluid flow either as connected in fluid flow longitudinal directed or cross-section. An example of this is that the magnetic field (22) runs generally across a small section of a supply pipe (1, 1′) that guides a fluid flow, either it is air flow or fuel flow.
In a preferred embodiment of the inventor the magnetic fields are formed as transverse field relative to the axis of the supply pipe (1, 1′). This has several advantages.
We assume that the fluid or gas containing charged particles, which one may to a certain degree will experience for fluids or gases that moves in synthetic insulating pipes. If we allow the charged particles running along the tube and has a magnetic field that runs across the tube, each particle will experience a force that is perpendicular to the pipe axis and perpendicular to the magnetic field, the vector formula F=q v×B. The greater the angle between v and B is, the greater the F. This suggests that the magnetic field should be across the general flow in the pipe, please see
Magnetic field (22) induced in each location of the at least one electromagnet (2) comprising a electrical coil (21) receiving energy from a voltage source (3). An electric pulse generator (4) is supplied with voltage from the power source (3) and is arranged to generate electrical pulses (P) with the desired frequency (f) to the electric coil (21).
The device according to the invention has in an embodiment a polarity control device (5) for the electrical pulses (P) wherein the polarity control device is arranged between pulse generator (4) and the electric coil (21), as illustrated in
The device according to the invention may be arranged so that polarity control device (5) for the electrical pulses (P) is arranged to provide a time delay or phase displacement of the electrical pulses (P) so that in this way may control the polarity of the pulses if the pulses are parts of a pulse with varying polarity as a function of time.
The device according to another embodiment of the invention may be arranged so that a polarity control device (5′) for the electrical pulses (P) is arranged between the pulse generator (4) and the power source (3), as indicated by the dotted lines (5′) in
The device according to one embodiment of the invention has a control unit (41) that regulates the electrical pulses (P) to be generated in the pulse generator (4). The control unit (41) is arranged to send control signals (42) on the basis of sensor signals (63) from at least one sensor (62) in the combustion engine (6). These control signals (42) determine the electrical pulses (P) form, voltage, amperage, frequency, or pulse pattern, and also their polarity. These sensor signals (63) as a control unit (41) will act on the basis of the for example be one or more of the following parameters:
The device according to one embodiment of the invention may be arranged so that the forcing signals (45) from the control unit (41) also control the polarity control device (5).
One may imagine that other devices where it will form a continuous flame, such as pan heaters (which has no RPM) or turbines, other parameters may be used as input parameters to the control system to control the pulses of electro magnets.
Because the velocities in the fuel line and inlet air pipe will be different, in an embodiment of the invention generates different pulse speeds in electric magnets that affect the two lines/pipes separately.
The number of electromagnets (2) in an embodiment of the invention is two or more as shown in
As mentioned above, at least one of magnetic fields (22) may run generally across at least one of the fluid flows of air or fuel (11, 12) inside the air pipe or the fuel pipe (1, 1′).
The device according to the invention may have two or more electro-magnets (2) arranged with a mutual distance along the flow direction of the fluid flow (11, 12). The distance between two electromagnets may be as large as diameter of each electro-magnets or length. It is possible to mount the electro magnets so that they generate their magnetic field across the flow in the pipe, but that a subsequent magnet forms a magnetic field is rotated slightly, for example between 5 and 30 degrees relative to the magnetic field of present magnet. The frequency (f) of the electrical pulses (P) may be adapted relative to the speed of fluid flow (11, 12) so that a fluid volume (u) exposed to a electromagnets (2) pulse (P) by a first time t1 will move with a velocity (v) to a next electromagnet (2) and is affected by a pulse (P) from the next electromagnet. This may be repeated for one or more additional electromagnets. According to one embodiment of the invention may the above repeated pulses (P) as a fluid volume (u) be exposed to its path, have different directions relative to each other, for example, every second polarity opposite. In this way, may short pulses be stronger than a continuous induced magnetic field, which will save a lot of power and thus a lot of energy and thereby could reduce fuel consumption for this purpose.
It is the inventor's experience that the magnetic influence of the fluid (11, 12) should be made elsewhere in relative to the parts of the supply pipe (1, 1′) than where the turbulence is formed, eddies or unwanted pressure pulsations in the pipe. The electromagnet (2) according to the invention is therefore, according to an embodiment of the invention arranged elsewhere, preferably downstream relative to any such eddies (Eddie), turbulence-forming regions or pressure pulse formation in fluid flow (11, 12) in the tube (1, 1′).
The device according to the invention may be for pre-treatment of fluids into a combustion chamber (61) that may be open in one end, e.g. as part of a flare.
The device according to the invention may be for pre-treatment of fluids to the combustion chamber (61) in a steam generator (63).
The device according to the invention may be for pre-treatment of fluids to the combustion chamber (61) in an internal combustion engine (6) such as a gas turbine.
The device according to the invention may be for pre-treatment of fluids into one or more combustion chamber (61) in an internal combustion engine (6), which may be a piston engine.
The device according to the invention may be for the preparation of a first fluid (11) as fuel, such as heavy oil, light oil, gasoline, diesel, methane, or alcohol. Plant oils such as rapeseed oil may also be used. The second fluid (12) may be air, pure oxygen, nitrogen free air or other oxygen-containing gas.
Significant advantage of the invention that follows is that the device according to the invention allows, in contrast to the use of permanent magnets control the strength of the magnetic-pulses generated by fluids (11, 12). It is possible to vary the magnetic field strength and the strengths of the magnetic field that provides a near optimal increase in the efficiency of combustion. Furthermore, it is possible to control the shape of the pulses (P), and frequency of pulses (P) as shown in
Another advantage is that when you generate electrical pulses one may achieve strong magnetic field in the limited time frame, as shown in
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20110308 | Feb 2011 | NO | national |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 61450713 | Mar 2011 | US |
