The present invention relates to a method of determining a filling level, and to a radar level gauge system.
Pulsed radar level gauging is a cost-efficient and convenient way of measuring the filling levels of tanks in many applications, for example in the process industry. In environments where pulsed radar level gauge systems are commonly used, there may be many other sources of electromagnetic signals, such as other pulsed radar level gauge systems. It has been found that the performance of a pulsed radar level gauge system may be degraded due to disturbance from other sources of electromagnetic signals. It would therefore be desirable to provide for improved pulsed radar level gauging, in particular pulsed radar level gauging that is more resistant to signal disturbance.
In view of the above, a general object of the present invention is to provide for improved pulsed radar level gauging, in particular pulsed radar level gauging that is more resistant to signal disturbance.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, it is therefore provided a method of determining a filling level of a product in a tank using a radar level gauge system including a transceiver, a signal propagation device and processing circuitry, the method comprising the steps of: performing, for each transmit pulse repetition frequency in a sequence of different transmit pulse repetition frequencies, a measurement operation including: generating and transmitting an electromagnetic transmit signal in the form of a pulse train of transmit pulses, the pulse train exhibiting the transmit pulse repetition frequency; propagating the transmit signal towards a surface of the product in the tank; returning an electromagnetic reflection signal resulting from reflection of the transmit signal at the surface back towards the transceiver; and receiving the reflection signal. The method further comprises the steps of determining, for each measurement operation, a measure indicative of signal disturbance of the reflection signal received in the measurement operation; evaluating, for each measurement operation, the measure indicative of signal disturbance of the reflection signal in view of a predefined signal disturbance criterion; and determining the filling level based on at least one of the reflection signals fulfilling the signal disturbance criterion.
The tank may be any container or vessel capable of containing a product, and may be metallic, or partly or completely non-metallic, open, semi-open, or closed. Furthermore, the filling level of the product in the tank may be determined directly by using a signal propagation device propagating the transmit signal towards the product inside the tank, or indirectly by using a propagation device disposed inside a so-called chamber located on the outside of the tank, but being in fluid connection with the inside of the tank in such a way that the level in the chamber corresponds to the level inside the tank.
The present invention is based on the realization that a convenient and effective way of handling external signal disturbances potentially affecting the performance of a pulsed radar level gauge system would be to perform measurements using several pulse repetition frequencies (PRFs), evaluate the measurements, and discarding disturbed measurements. Hereby, robust pulsed radar level gauging can be achieved without the need for monitoring or evaluating potentially disturbing signals etc. Furthermore, disturbance signals with different frequencies can be handled, by discarding different sets of measurements.
According to embodiments of the present invention, the sequence of different pulse repetition frequencies may include at least three different pulse repetition frequencies.
Furthermore, the different pulse repetition frequencies may differ from each other by at least 5%, advantageously at least 10%, to increase the probability of performing undisturbed measurement operations.
According to embodiments, each measurement operation may comprise generating a pulsed reference signal having a reference pulse repetition frequency.
The reference pulse repetition frequency may be different for different measurement operations.
According to embodiments, a difference between the transmit pulse repetition frequency and the reference pulse repetition frequency may be substantially the same for each of the measurement operations. While not being necessary, this may simplify the measurement operations and maximize the use of the available bandwidth of measurement electronics comprised in the radar level gauge system.
Furthermore, each measurement operation may comprise time-correlating the reference signal and the reflection signal to form a measurement signal.
For pulsed radar level gauge systems, time expansion techniques may be used to resolve the time-of-flight.
In such pulsed radar level gauge systems a transmit signal in the form of a first pulse train with a first pulse repetition frequency is propagated towards the surface of the product in the tank, and a surface reflection signal resulting from reflection at the surface is received.
A reference signal in the form of a second pulse train having a second pulse repetition frequency, controlled to differ from the first pulse repetition frequency by a given frequency difference, may also be generated.
At the beginning of a measurement operation, the transmit signal and the reference signal may be synchronized to have the same phase. Due to the difference in pulse repetition frequency, the phase difference between the transmit signal and the reference signal will gradually increase during the measurement operation.
During the measurement operation, the surface reflection signal may be time-correlated with the reference signal, to form a measurement signal based on a time correlation between the surface reflection signal and the reference signal. Based on the measurement signal, the filling level can be determined. According to one example, such time correlation may be achieved by sampling the surface reflection signal at sampling times determined by the timing of the reference pulses. For instance, the reference pulses may be used to trigger sampling circuitry coupled to the signal propagation device and configured to sample the reflection signal.
According to various embodiments of the present invention, the above-mentioned measure indicative of signal disturbance of the reflection signal received in the measurement operation may be determined based on the measurement signal formed in the measurement operation. This measurement signal may sometimes be referred to as an “echo curve”.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, it is provided a radar level gauge system for determining the filling level of a product in a tank, comprising: a transceiver for generating, transmitting and receiving electromagnetic signals; a propagation device coupled to the transceiver for propagating an electromagnetic transmit signal from the transceiver towards a surface of the product in the tank, and returning an electromagnetic reflection signal resulting from reflection of the transmit signal at the surface of the product; and processing circuitry coupled to the transceiver, and configured to: control the transceiver to perform, for each transmit pulse repetition frequency in a sequence of different transmit pulse repetition frequencies, a measurement operation including: generating and transmitting the transmit signal in the form of a pulse train of transmit pulses, the pulse train exhibiting the transmit pulse repetition frequency; and receiving the reflection signal; determine, for each measurement operation, a measure indicative of signal disturbance of the reflection signal received in the measurement operation; evaluate, for each measurement operation, the measure indicative of signal disturbance of the reflection signal in view of a predefined signal disturbance criterion; and determine the filling level based on at least one of the reflection signals fulfilling the signal disturbance criterion.
The “transceiver” may be one functional unit capable of transmitting and receiving electromagnetic signals or may be a system comprising separate transmitter and receiver units.
It should be noted that the processing circuitry may be provided as one device or several devices working together.
The propagation device may be a radiating antenna, or a probe extending towards and into the product in the tank. In embodiments where the propagation device is a probe, it should be understood that the probe is a waveguide designed for guiding electromagnetic signals. The probe may be rigid or flexible and may advantageously be made of metal, such as stainless steel.
According to embodiments, the transceiver may comprise a PLL (phase locked loop) circuit controllable to generate signals having the transmit pulse repetition frequency.
Further embodiments and variations of this second aspect of the present invention are largely analogous to those described above in respect of the first aspect of the invention.
In summary, the present invention thus relates to a method and system of determining a filling level of a product in a tank, the method comprising and the system being configured for, for each transmit pulse repetition frequency in a sequence of different transmit pulse repetition frequencies: generating and transmitting an electromagnetic transmit signal in the form of a pulse train of transmit pulses, the pulse train exhibiting the transmit pulse repetition frequency; propagating the transmit signal towards a surface of the product in the tank; returning an electromagnetic reflection signal resulting from reflection of the transmit signal at the surface back towards the transceiver; receiving the reflection signal; determining a measure indicative of signal disturbance of the reflection signal; evaluating the measure indicative of signal disturbance of the reflection signal in view of a predefined signal disturbance criterion; and determining the filling level based on at least one of the reflection signals fulfilling the signal disturbance criterion.
These and other aspects of the present invention will now be described in more detail, with reference to the appended drawings showing a currently preferred embodiment of the invention, wherein:
In the present detailed description, various embodiments of the present invention are mainly discussed with reference to a pulsed radar level gauge system with a signal propagation device in the form of a probe, and wireless communication capabilities.
It should be noted that this by no means limits the scope of the present invention, which also covers a pulsed radar level gauge system with another type of signal propagation device, such as a radiating antenna, as well as a pulsed radar level gauge system configured for wired communication, for example using a 4-20 mA current loop and/or other wired means for communication.
The radar level gauge system 1 is installed to measure the filling level of a product 7 in the tank 3. The radar level gauge system 1 comprises a measuring unit 9 and a propagation device, here in the form of a single conductor probe 11 extending from the measuring unit 9, through the tubular mounting structure 5, towards and into the product 7. In the example embodiment in
By analyzing a transmit signal ST being guided by the probe 11 towards the surface 15 of the product 7, and a reflection signal SR traveling back from the surface 15, the measurement unit 9 can determine the filling level L of the product 7 in the tank 3. It should be noted that, although a tank 3 containing a single product 7 is discussed herein, the distance to any material interface along the probe can be measured in a similar manner.
The radar level gauge system in
Referring to the schematic block diagram in
As is schematically illustrated in
The MCU 19 determines the filling level L of the product 7 in the tank 3 and provides a value indicative of the filling level to an external device, such as a control center, from the MCU 19 via the WCU 21 through the communication antenna 23. The radar level gauge system 1 may advantageously be configured according to the so-called WirelessHART communication protocol (IEC 62591).
Although the measurement unit 9 is shown to comprise an energy store (battery 25) and to comprise devices (such as the WCU 21 and the communication antenna 23) for allowing wireless communication, it should be understood that power supply and communication may be provided in a different way, such as through communication lines (for example 4-20 mA lines).
The local energy store need not (only) comprise a battery, but may alternatively, or in combination, comprise a capacitor or super-capacitor.
The radar level gauge system 1 in
As is schematically shown in
The transceiver 17 comprises pulse generating circuitry, here in the form of a first pulse forming circuit 33 and a second pulse forming circuit 35. The transmit signal ST is generated by the first pulse forming circuit 33, and a reference signal SREF is generated by the second pulse forming circuit 35.
The transmitter branch 27 comprises the first pulse forming circuit 33, and the receiver branch 29 comprises the second pulse forming circuit 35 and measurement circuitry 37. As is, per se, well known in the art, the measurement circuitry may comprise a time-correlator, such as a sampler controlled to sample the reflection signal SR at sampling times determined by the reference signal SREF.
With continued reference to
Embodiments of the method according to the present invention will now be described with reference to the flow-chart in
An example of the transmit signal ST and an example of the resulting reflection signal SR are schematically shown in
Returning to the flow-chart in
Furthermore, the reflection signal SR may be evaluated in respect of the signal disturbance criterion directly or indirectly. In a direct evaluation, the noise level of the reflection signal SR may be measured directly, and compared against a predefined signal disturbance criterion. In an indirect evaluation, another signal based on the reflection signal SR may be evaluated. In embodiments, a time-expanded measurement signal SM may advantageously be evaluated.
To form a time-expanded measurement signal SM, a reference signal SREF may optionally be generated in each measurement operation. The reference signal SREF is a pulse train with a pulse repetition frequency that is controlled to differ from the transmit pulse repetition frequency PRFT by a predetermined frequency difference Δf. When a measurement sweep starts, the reference signal SREF and the transmit signal ST are in phase, and then the time until the reference signal “catches up with” the reflected signal SR is determined. Based on this time and the frequency difference Δf, the distance to the surface 15 can be determined. An example reference signal SR is schematically illustrated as the third signal from the top in
The time-expansion technique that was briefly described in the previous paragraph is well known to the person skilled in the art, and is widely used in pulsed radar level gauge systems.
The output from the measurement circuitry 37 in
Two example signal disturbance criteria will now be introduced with reference to
Referring first to
Turning then to
Returning to the flow-chart in
After having determined the filling level L, the method proceeds to change the transmit pulse repetition frequency PRFT in step 107, and then the method returns to step 100. If the signal disturbance criterion is instead determined to not be fulfilled in step 105, the method proceeds to change the transmit pulse repetition frequency PRFT in step 108, and then the method returns to step 100.
Various schemes for changing the transmit pulse repetition frequency PRFT between measurement operations may be used, involving few or many different pulse repetition frequencies, different frequency steps, and different durations (for example in terms of number of sweeps). An example scheme for changing the transmit pulse repetition frequency is schematically shown in
Finally, referring to the flow-chart in
As can be seen in
The person skilled in the art realizes that the present invention by no means is limited to the preferred embodiments described above. On the contrary, many modifications and variations are possible within the scope of the appended claims.
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
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PCT/EP2019/060777 | 4/26/2019 | WO | 00 |