Patent Application
20180010609
This application claims the benefit of priority under 35 U.S.C. §119 of European Application 16 178 585.2 filed Jul. 8, 2016, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
The invention relates to a pump assembly with a pump casing, with an impeller which is rotatably arranged in the pump casing, with an electrical drive motor which is connected to the impeller for the drive of the impeller and which is selectively driveable in two rotation directions, as well as with a valve arrangement which is arranged in the pump casing and is designed to switch a flow path downstream of the impeller between two exits formed in the pump casing, in a manner depending on the rotation direction of the impeller.
The problem of switching the heating water circuit between two flow paths, specifically once through a heating circuit in the building and once through a heat exchanger for heating service water, arises in heating facilities, in particular compact heating facilities. For this, it is known to apply pump assemblies with integrated valve elements which switch between two possible flow paths, in dependence on the rotation direction of the impeller of the pump assembly. As a rule, a movable valve element is provided for this, and this valve element is carried along by the flow around the impeller, and, depending on the flow direction, is pressed against one of two possible exits, in order to close these, so that the flow leaves through the respective other exit of the pump assembly. This means that the valve element closes the exits in an alternating manner such that one exit is always closed and the other exit is simultaneously opened. Water hammers which lead to undesirable noises in the system are a problem with such designs.
With regard to this problem, it is an object of the invention, to improve a pump assembly with a valve element capable of being switched over due to the rotation direction of the drive motor, to the extent that an as quite as possible switching of the valve element is possible.
This object is achieved by a pump assembly with the features according to the invention. Preferred embodiments are to be deduced from this disclosure including the following description as well as the attached figures.
The pump assembly according to the invention comprises a pump casing, in which an impeller is rotatably arranged. The impeller thereby rotates in the interior of the pump casing. The impeller is connected to a suction connection or suction branch in the known manner. The pump assembly moreover comprises an electrical drive motor, whose rotor is connected to the impeller in a rotationally fixed manner, in a manner such that the electrical drive motor can drive the impeller in rotation. The drive motor or its stator housing is preferably connected to the pump casing in the known manner.
The drive motor is configured such that it can be selectively driven in two rotation directions in a targeted manner. A suitable control device can be provided for this, wherein this activates the drive motor such that it rotates in a desired rotation direction. For this, the control device preferably controls the current-subjection of the stator coils of the drive motor. The control device in particular can comprise a frequency converter, via which, apart from the rotation direction, the rotational speed of the drive motor can preferably also be closed-loop controlled. The impeller also therefore selectively rotates in two desired opposite rotation directions, depending on the rotation direction of the drive motor.
A valve arrangement is also arranged in the pump casing, and this arrangement can switch an exit-side flow path, which is to say the flow path downstream of the impeller, between two exits formed in the pump casing. One of the exits for example can be provided for a heating circuit through the building, and the other exit for a secondary heat exchanger for heating the service water, in the case of the use of the pump assembly in a heating facility. The valve arrangement is preferably configured such that it can be moved by the flow created by the impeller, between two switch positions, wherein the flow in the peripheral region of the impeller is likewise directed in different directions, depending on the rotation direction of the impeller. A valve element of the valve arrangement can be moved in a targeted manner between several switch positions due to the different flow directions.
According to the invention, the valve arrangement comprises two valve elements, wherein a first movable valve element is arranged at a first of the two exits, and a second movable valve element at a second of the two exits. The first valve element therefore serves for closing the first exit, whilst the second valve element serves for closing the second exit. The valve elements are arranged and configured such that in an idle position, which is to say when the impeller is at a standstill, they are situated in their closed position. This means that in the idle position, the first valve element at least partly closes the first exit, and the second valve element at least partly closes the second exit. A partial closure of the exits in the context of this invention is to be understood in that the exit in the closed position, in its cross section is reduced in size compared to the opened position, preferably by more than half, further preferably by more than two thirds. As explained below, a certain flow passage preferably also remains in the closed position.
The valve elements are moreover arranged and configured such that the first valve element can be moved by a flow created by the impeller in its first rotation direction, into an opened position, whilst the second valve element is movable into an opened position by way of a flow created by the impeller in its second rotation direction. If the first valve element is moved into its opened position by the flow, then the second valve element simultaneously remains in its closed position. Conversely, the first element remains in its closed position when the second valve element is moved into its opened position by the flow which occurs on rotation of the impeller in the second rotation direction.
The design according to the invention, compared to the known switching devices which are dependent on the rotating direction, has the advantage that the exits are essentially closed in the idle position. This has the effect that a flow is firstly produced essentially only in the inside of the pump casing on starting operation of the pump assembly, in order to move one of the valve elements into its opened position in a manner depending on the rotation direction. Water hammers due to switching on starting operation of the pump assembly are minimized or avoided due to the fact that essentially no flow through the exits is effected. This means that a flow whose hydraulic energy is used for moving one of the valve elements is firstly produced in the inside of the pump assembly, on starting operation of the pump assembly.
On starting operation of the pump assembly, one valve element always opens, which is to say one of the valve elements is moved into its opened position, in a manner depending on the rotation direction. The valve element moves back again into its closed position when the pump assembly is switched off, which is to say the impeller comes to a standstill. The drive motor is then driven in the opposite direction for switching over the valve device, so that the impeller in the inside of the pump casing produces a flow in the opposite direction, and this flow opens the other valve element and thus leads the flow through the other exit to the outside out of the pump assembly.
The design and configuration according to the invention, on account of the targeted activation of the drive motor, which is to say in particular not only due to the selection of the rotation direction, but also of the course of the acceleration, permits a very gentle and quiet switching between the two flow paths which are defined by the two exits.
The first and the second valve element are preferably movable independently of one another. This permits the first valve element to remain in its closed position, whilst the second valve element moves into its opened position, and vice versa.
The first and the second valve element are moreover preferably each configured as a flap which is pivotable about a pivot axis between the opened position and the closed position. The flap thereby preferably with one surface comes to sealingly bear on a valve seat surrounding an associated exit. The valve elements are preferably arranged such that their pivot axis is situated at a longitudinal end, wherein this longitudinal end is preferably that longitudinal end which is situated furthest to the impeller. The pivot axis or pivot axes of the flaps further preferably extend parallel to the rotation axis of the impeller, wherein the flaps extend essentially radially to the impeller.
The valve elements further preferably comprise a sealing region or a sealing surface which can come into sealing contact with a corresponding valve seat surrounding the associated exit. The valve elements additionally preferably comprise an engagement surface or an engagement region, upon which the flow for moving the valve element and produced by the impeller acts. If the valve element is configured as a flap, as is described above, then the engagement region is preferably formed by an axial end region of the flap which is distanced to the pivot axis. The engagement region preferably extends into an annular space of the pump casing which surrounds the impeller, so that the flow in this annular space and produced by the impeller can act directly upon the engagement region.
According to a further preferred embodiment, the first and the second valve element are pivotable about the same pivot axis. This, as described above, can be a pivot axis which preferably extends parallel to the rotation axis of the impeller. Thereby, the valve elements are preferably configured in a flap-like manner in the previously described manner, wherein the flaps are articulated with one end on the pivot, and the opposite free end of the flaps in each case forms an engagement surface or an engagement region for the flow. The sealing region or the sealing surface preferably lies between the engagement region and the pivot axis. The pivot axis is thereby preferably arranged on the end of the flap which is distanced furthest to the impeller.
Further preferably, the valve elements are configured and arranged such that when one of the valve elements is situated in its opened position, they are in contact with one another. This means that the valve element moving into the opened position preferably pivots so far, until it comes into contact on the other valve element dwelling in its closed position. This design has the advantage that the released flow path to the opened exit is maximized and the opened valve element additionally presses the valve element located in its closed position, into its closed position and/or can assume and additional sealing function, as will be described hereinafter.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the valve elements each comprise an opening which permits a flow passage into the associated exit, also in a closed position of this valve element. This means that the opening extends into the exit, from that side of the valve element which faces the interior of the pump casing, i.e. which is directed to the impeller. These openings in the valve elements are preferably dimensioned such that in the closed positions of the valve elements, the exits are essentially closed, which is to say closed for the greater part, as described above, but a small flow passage however remains. The opening essentially ensures that a pressure compensation between both sides of the valve element is given. This pressure compensation ensures that the valve element is not pressed against the valve seat by the pressure produced in the pump casing, on starting up the impeller. The holding force which is to be overcome by the flow is reduced by way of this, so that the valve element can be moved more easily from the closed into the opened position. This assists a quiet, gentle switching of the valve device by way of moving one of the valve elements.
The opening in the first valve element and the opening in the second valve element are preferably arranged offset to one another in a manner such that the opening in the first valve element is closed by the second valve element, and the opening in the second valve element is closed by the first valve element, when the two valve elements are in contact with one another. This means that the valve element situated in its opened position closes due to it coming to bear on the other valve element which is in its closed position, and the opening being simultaneously located in that valve element which is located in its closed position. It is only with the opening of one of the valve elements that the other valve element, and by way of this, the associated exit are completely closed. The pressure produced by the pump assembly then acts upon both valve elements in this condition, so that these valve elements are pressed against one another and the valve element which is located in its closed position, is pressed against the associated valve seat. In this condition, the associated exit in this condition is then completely closed by the valve element which is located in its closed position. This means that one succeeds in the valve elements essentially not being subjected to pressure, in the idle position and on starting up the pump assembly, when the two valve elements are located in their closed position, due to the openings being arranged in such a manner. If however one of the valve elements is in its opened position, the other element located in its closed position is subjected to the pressure produced by the impeller and held in the closed position.
Further preferably, the first and the second valve element are impinged by force by way of at least one restoring element, in a manner such that they are each held in their closed position given a standstill of the impeller, wherein preferably the first and the second valve element are subjected to force by way of a common restoring element, in particular by way of a spring arranged between the valve elements. The restoring element or elements therefore ensure that the valve elements are moved back again into their idle position, which is to say their closed position, after switching off the pump assembly, when the impeller comes to a standstill. If a common spring element is present, then the spring element can particularly preferably be configured as a rotary spring which rotates about a common rotation or pivot axis of the two valve element and with its free limbs is engaged or in contact with one of the valve elements in each case. This permits a particularly simple construction and a simple assembly, since the rotary spring together with the two valve elements can be pushed onto a common pivot or rotation pivot.
The valve elements can be configured elastically or rigidly. If the valve elements are configured elastically, then in the simplest case they can be configured as tabs or flaps of a rubber material or elastomer material. The elastic restoring forces are produced with the deformation of the valve element forming the described restoring element, if the valve elements are configured in an elastic manner. Such valve elements can be moved from the closed into the opened position by way of the deformation. If the valve elements are configured in a rigid manner, they preferably rotate about stationary pivot or rotation pivots (axes), in particular about a common pivot or rotation axis. The rigid valve elements are configured in an essentially rigid manner, but however can additionally have elastic regions or sections which particularly preferably can be materially connected to the rigid sections. The rigid valve elements e.g. can be additionally provided with elastic sealing surfaces or elastic sections.
An elastic seal is preferably arranged in each case on the valve elements and/or valve seats lying opposite these. This ensures a reliable sealing of the exit when the valve element is in its closed position. An elastic seal can be additionally provided between the two valves elements if these comprise openings in the manner described above. Such an additional sealing element ensures a sealing in the region of the opening of that valve element which is located in its closed position, when the second valve element comes to bear on this. The opening in the valve element can thus be surrounded by an elastic seal, at the side of the valve element which faces the second valve element. Alternatively or additionally, a sealing surface can be formed on the valve elements, in a region covering the opening of the other valve element, when the two valve elements come into contact with one another.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the pump casing comprises a receiving opening which is situated between the two exits and which is open towards the interior of the pump casing and into which the two valve elements are inserted from the outer side of the pump casing, wherein the two valve elements are preferably mounted in a valve insert which is inserted into the receiving opening. The receiving opening is sealingly closed to the outside by a cover, wherein this cover is preferably part of the valve insert. The assembly is simplified by way of this, since the valve elements can be inserted from the outside into the pump casing. The valve elements are moreover easily accessible for maintenance purposes, without having to disassemble the remaining parts of the pump assembly. The receiving opening is preferably shaped such that seen from the outside, it has no undercuts. The pump casing with the receiving opening can thereby be easily manufactured as a molded part, in particular as an injection molded part of plastic, wherein a core which defines the receiving opening, can be pulled out of the pump casing to the outside. One can therefore make do without a lost core.
The described two exits of the pump casing are preferably situated in the receiving opening or branch from the receiving opening. This means the flow, departing from the interior of the pump casing, in which interior the impeller rotates, firstly exits into the receiving opening and then from there into one of the two exits, depending on which valve element is situated in its opened position.
According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the two exits each comprise a valve seat which faces the interior of the pump casing which is to say is situated in the flow path from the interior, and on which the associated valve element comes to bear with a sealing surface in its closed position, in order to at least partly close the respective exit. The valve seats of the two exits preferably lie opposite one another, wherein the valve seats particularly preferably extend essentially parallel to one another. If the valve seats are situated in the receiving opening, then the valve seats preferably extend essentially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the receiving opening on two side walls of the receiving opening which lie opposite one another. An essentially parallel arrangement of the valve seats means that slight mold removal slants which are necessary, in order to remove a core out of the receiving opening after the molding, can still be considered as a parallel arrangement in this context. The opposite arrangement of the valve seats permits that valve element which moves into its opened position, to be able to move to the second valve element situated in a closed position, and to be able to come into contact with this valve element, as described above. This is particularly the case if the valve elements undergo a pivoting movement from the closed into the opened position. If the valve elements are arranged in such a pivotable manner, then the pivot axes preferably extend parallel to the surfaces which are spanned by the valve seats. In the case of a common pivot axis, this is preferably situated in a plane which is situated between the surfaces spanned by the valve seats.
The valve elements further preferably each comprise a sealing surface which is provided for contact on a valve seat and which extends in an angled manner to a radius with respect to the pivot axis of the respective valve element. Such valve elements in a plane normal to the pivot axis preferably have an essentially triangular shape, wherein one side of the sealing element which forms the sealing surface, and a second side of the valve element which is provided for contact on the second valve element, preferably extend at an acute angle to one another. The pivot axis or rotation axis thereby preferably lies on or in the surface which is provided for contact with the second valve element. The angled arrangement of the sealing surface permits the valve seats to be able to be situated in planes extending parallel to one another, despite the envisaged pivoting given a common pivot axis.
The pump assembly is particularly preferably configured as a circulation pump assembly and further preferably as a heating circulation pump assembly. In particular, it can be the case of a heating circulation pump assembly which is applied in a gas heater. Inasmuch as this is concerned, a gas heater with a pump assembly as described beforehand and hereinafter, is also the subject matter of the invention and of this patent application. Thereby, the pump assembly can be part of a hydraulic block which forms an integrated construction unit for a compact heating facility and in particular for a gas heater.
The drive motor is preferably a wet-running drive motor which is to say a drive motor with which the rotor and stator are separated from one another by a can or canned pot which is to say air-gap sleeve. The drive motor particularly preferably comprises a permanent magnet rotor. The drive motor can further preferably comprise a frequency converter for speed regulation.
According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the impeller and the interior of the pump casing can be dimensioned in a manner such that an annular free space remains in the peripheral region of the impeller in the inside of the pump casing. This annular free space preferably has a size, with which the radius of the inner periphery of the pump casing, at least in a peripheral section in the peripheral region of the impeller, is at least 1.4 times and preferably at least 2 times as large as the radius of the impeller. Particularly preferably, the radius of the inner periphery of the pump casing is dimensioned accordingly over the complete periphery. Further preferably, the radius of the inner periphery of the pump casing in at least a peripheral section is at least 2 or 3 times as large as the radius of the impeller. The formation of a peripheral, rotating flow which runs in a manner depending on the rotation direction of the impeller and can thus move the valve elements into the desired switch position is assisted by this annular free space which surrounds the impeller. The valve elements are preferably arranged and dimensioned such that a free space between the valve element and the outer periphery of the impeller remains in each position, so that the circulating flow is not prevented by the valve element.
The invention is hereinafter described by way of example and by way of the attached figures. The various features of novelty which characterize the invention are pointed out with particularity in the claims annexed to and forming a part of this disclosure. For a better understanding of the invention, its operating advantages and specific objects attained by its uses, reference is made to the accompanying drawings and descriptive matter in which preferred embodiments of the invention are illustrated.
In the drawings:
Referring to the drawings, the pump assembly 1, which is represented in the figures, is configured as a circulation pump assembly with a wet-running electrical drive motor. The pump assembly 1 comprises a pump casing 2 which can be configured as a molded component of metal or plastic. The pump casing 2 comprises a suction connection 4 and two delivery branches 6 and 8. A motor or stator casing 10, in which the electrical drive motor is arranged, is applied onto the pump casing 2. An electronics housing 12, in which a control and regulation device for the control of the electrical drive motor is arranged, is arranged on the axial end of the stator casing 10 which is away from the pump casing 2.
As can be recognized in the exploded view according to
A receiving opening 22 extends radially outwards, departing from the interior 15 of the pump casing 2, in which the impeller 14 rotates. The receiving opening 22 forms part of an exit-side flow path, through which the flow accelerated by the impeller 14 exits out of the pump casing 2. Thus two delivery branches 6 and 8 branch at a first exit 24 and a second exit 26 which are is situated in the inside of the receiver opening 22 (see
A valve insert 28 which comprises a closure plate 30 closing the receiving opening 22 to the outside, is inserted into the receiving opening 22 from the outside. The closure plate 30 simultaneously serves as a carrier and holds a rotation pivot or simply pivot 32, on which a first valve element 34 and a second valve element 36 are pivotably mounted. A rotary spring 38 which forms a restoring element and in the assembled condition presses the first valve element 34 and the second valve element 36 apart, is moreover arranged on the pivot axis 32. The two valve elements 34 and 36 are configured identically and are merely arranged in a manner rotated to one another by 180.
As is to be seen in
The control device which is arranged in the electronics housing 12 is configured such that it can activate the electrical drive motor in two different rotation directions A and B in a targeted manner. This can be effected for example via a frequency converter which subjects the coils in the stator to current in a targeted manner. The valve device in the valve insert 28 is configured such that it guides the flow into the first exit 24 and thus to the first delivery branch 6 or into the second exit 26 and thus to the second delivery branch 8, depending on the rotation direction A, B. The heating circuit of a heating for a building for example can connect to the first delivery branch 6, whereas a heat exchanger for heating service water connects to the second delivery branch 8.
On starting operation of the pump assembly therefore, the rotation direction is first set by the control device 12, in order to set one of the two exits 24 or 26, through which the fluid is to be delivered. If now the first exit 24 with the connecting delivery branch 6 is to be used, the pump assembly is set into movement such that the impeller rotates in the first rotation direction A. The exits 24 and 26, with the exception of the flow passages through the openings 42 are essentially closed in the idle position shown in
If the drive motor is formed by the control device, then the impeller 14 comes to a standstill and the flow as well as the pressure in the interior 15 disappears. The first valve element 34 is thereupon brought again into its idle position by way of the rotary spring 38, in which idle position it essentially closes the first exit 24. If the pump assembly is operated in the opposite rotation direction B, then accordingly the second valve element 36 will move into an opened position, in which it comes to bear on the first valve element 34 and thus completely closes the opening 42 in the first valve element 34, and thus the first exit 24. The second exit 26 is simultaneously opened and the flow can flow through this exit into the second delivery branch 8. This condition, in which the second valve element 36 is in its opened position, is represented in
On starting operation of the pump assembly, one succeeds in firstly only a pressure and flow which is utilized for moving one of the valve elements 34, 36 into its opened position, being built up in the interior 15 of the pump casing 2, due to the fact that the exits 24 and 26 are essentially closed by the valve elements 34 and 36 in the idle position. In this condition, at first, essentially no flow and no pressure is built up in the systems connecting to the delivery branches 6 and 8, by which means water hammers are reduced when switching the valve elements 34. Thus a very gentle or smooth switching can be achieved. This is also encouraged by the pressure compensation via the openings 42, since only a very low switching force is thus necessary for moving the valve elements 34 and 36. The control device in the electronics housing 12 can moreover adapt the acceleration of the drive motor such that at first, on starting operation, only so much pressure and flow are built up, so as to move one of the valve elements 34, 36 into the desired opened position, and only subsequently is the motor accelerated, so that the desired final pressure or flow is built up.
The interior 15 of the pump casing 2 is dimensioned such that it has a significantly larger diameter than the outer diameter of the impeller 14, as is represented in the
The receiving opening 22 is configured such that no undercuts are formed in a direction radially to the rotation axis X of the drive motor. The receiving opening 22 can thus be formed by a core, which can be pulled out to the outside in the radial direction after the molding of the pump casing 2. This permits a more simple manufacture of the receiving space 22.
With the previously described embodiment example, the valve elements 34 and 36 are articulated on the pivot such that the pivot or pivot axis 32 with respect to the rotation axis X of the impeller is arranged on the radially outer end of the valve elements 34, 36, which is to say the pivot or pivot axis 32 is distanced maximally from the impeller or the rotation axis X in the radial direction. As is schematically represented in
As described above, the circulation pump assembly according to the invention is preferably applied into a heating facility, in particular into a gas heater, which is likewise the subject matter of the invention. Such a heating facility with a gas heater 48 is represented schematically in
While specific embodiments of the invention have been shown and described in detail to illustrate the application of the principles of the invention, it will be understood that the invention may be embodied otherwise without departing from such principles.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 16 178 585.2 | Jul 2016 | EP | regional |
