Patent Application
20250027397
The present specification generally relates to the field for increasing the output of oil-gas field fracturing operation, specifically relates to a pumping system, a wellsite assembly and a method for controlling the pumping system.
The existing electric fracturing/pumping/cementing device in which an electric motor is used instead of a diesel engine generally includes: a plunger pump; an electric motor (a main motor) for driving the plunger pump; and other auxiliary electric devices such as a heat dissipation device (including an auxiliary motor for heat dissipation), a lubrication device (including an auxiliary motor for lubrication) and a control system. In addition to the above electric fracturing/pumping/cementing device, a power supply system for supplying electric power to the electric fracturing/pumping/cementing device is generally included in an existing pumping system or an existing wellsite assembly. For example, in a pumping system or a wellsite assembly for an electric fracturing operation, according to various operation conditions, the total power of electricity usage during the fracturing operation is generally 0˜35 MW (megawatt), and the wellsite is usually equipped with a power supply system having a corresponding output power as the electric power source.
On the one hand, the power of electricity usage during a general fracturing operation is very large. Most of the wellsites of oil-gas field are located far away from cities and towns or power generation plants such that the power supply facility is inadequate and the wellsite has to run without a nearby power grid. Therefore, many wellsites need to be equipped with a power generation equipment so as to supply electric power to various electric devices in the wellsite. On the other hand, even if the existing wellsite adopts a power generation equipment as a power supply system, the following problem may arise. The power (for example, 35 MW) of each power generator with a large power is generally designed to satisfy the maximum demand of electricity usage in the wellsite, but an electric device with a large power (for example, 20 MW˜30 MW) in the wellsite often operates intermittently (for example, during the fracturing operation, a continuous operating time with a large power is about two hours, while an idle interval period is tens of minutes and up to several hours). During the idle interval period within the fracturing operations, various auxiliary electric devices in the wellsite have a power of electricity usage of for example 0.2 MW˜5 MW. While each power generator with a large power (which is, for example, a power of 35 MW) consumes a lot of fuel even though it is in a idle-speed state. Accordingly, the wellsite has a low efficiency of electricity usage and the economic factor is poor. In addition, although a combination mode in which multiple power supply systems (such as a power grid and a power generator) are adopted has been proposed, the existing multiple power supply systems lack an unified controlling and allocating mechanism, so that they cannot satisfy the operating conditions of the wellsite where a high-power load fluctuates. Thus, the power generator, during standby, would be operated with a high energy consumption and a low output, such that the difficulties in operation and usage are increased.
One aspect of the present specification is to provide a pumping system including an electric fracturing device which is powered by multiple power supply systems (two or more power supply systems). The present specification can solve the problem in the prior art where a single power supply system is employed to supply electric power but a normal operation of the electric fracturing device cannot be guaranteed if the single power supply system fails. Furthermore, by additionally adopting an auxiliary power source system, the present specification can supply electric power more efficiently and flexibly during the intervals in the fracturing operation, and thus the problem of the prior art where a single power supply system cannot satisfy the demand of electricity usage for the auxiliary electric devices is solved.
Another aspect of the present specification is to provide a pumping system including an electric pumping device which is powered by multiple power supply systems (two or more power source systems). Still another aspect of the present specification is to provide a pumping system including an electric cementing device which is powered by multiple power supply systems (two or more power supplies). Still another aspect of the present specification is to provide a wellsite assembly including any one of the pumping systems disclosed herein. Still another aspect of the present specification is to provide a method for controlling the pumping systems disclosed herein.
A pumping system according to one embodiment of the present specification includes an electric fracturing device and multiple power supply systems. The electric fracturing device includes: a plunger pump; a main motor for driving the plunger pump; and at least one auxiliary electric device. The multiple power supply systems supply electric power to the electric fracturing device. Herein, the multiple power supply systems include at least one main power supply and at least one auxiliary power supply. The main power supply supplies electric power to the main motor, and the auxiliary power supply supplies electric power to the at least one auxiliary electric device. In this case, a working fluid of the electric fracturing device is a fracturing liquid, and the plunger pump pressurizes and then transports the fracturing liquid to the underground so as to fracture the formation.
A pumping system according to one embodiment of the present specification may alternatively or additional include an electric pumping device, wherein a working fluid of the electric pumping device is a pumping liquid, and the plunger pump pressurizes the pumping liquid and then transports it to a downhole so as to pump or drive a downhole tool.
A pumping system according to one embodiment of the present specification may alternatively or additional include an electric cementing device, wherein a working fluid of the electric cementing device is a cement paste, and the plunger pump pressurizes the cement paste and then transports it to at least one mineshaft so as to fix a wall of the mineshaft.
A wellsite assembly according to one embodiment of the present specification includes any one of the above pumping systems. When the main power supply and/or the auxiliary power supply adopts a fuel to generate electric power, the wellsite assembly further includes a transport device for transporting the fuel and a process device for processing the fuel. Depending on the source or type of the adopted fuel, the process device includes at least one of a gas fuel pressure-regulating device, a liquid fuel gasification device, or a fuel purification device.
A wellsite assembly according to one embodiment of the present specification includes any one of the above pumping systems, and further includes a fluid preparing region. The fluid preparing region includes: a sand blender communicating with a fluid inlet of the plunger pump; a sand supplying device for supplying sand to the sand blender; and a liquid supplying device for supplying liquid to the sand blender. The sand blender mixes the sand from the sand supplying device with the liquid from the liquid supplying device, so as to obtain a working fluid and supply it to the fluid inlet of the plunger pump.
A wellsite assembly according to one embodiment of the present specification includes any one of the above pumping systems, wherein the plunger pump of each of a plurality of the electric fracturing/pumping/cementing devices is provided with a fluid feeding manifold communicating with the fluid inlet of the plunger pump itself and has respectively a fluid outlet. The fluid outlets of the plunger pumps share a fluid discharging manifold communicating with a wellhead. In some embodiments, the fluid feeding manifolds and the fluid discharging manifold may be integrated on at least one manifold-integrating equipment.
A wellsite assembly according to one embodiment of the present specification includes any one of the above pumping systems, and further includes: an instrumentation apparatus and a centralized control system provided in the instrumentation apparatus; a control system provided in the main power supply; a control system provided in the auxiliary power supply; a control system provided in the electric fracturing/pumping/cementing device; a power distribution apparatus and a control system provided in the power distribution apparatus, wherein the main power supply and the auxiliary power supply electric power to the electric fracturing/pumping/cementing device via the power distribution apparatus; a video system for capturing a video in a wellsite; and a sensor system for acquiring an environmental parameter in the wellsite. Each of the sensor system, the video system, the control system in the power distribution apparatus, the control system in the electric fracturing/pumping/cementing device, the control system in the auxiliary power supply and the control system in the main power supply feeds information to the centralized control system and is provided with a control signal by the centralized control system.
A method for controlling a pumping system according to one embodiment of the present specification is provided, wherein, the pumping system includes an electric fracturing/pumping/cementing device and multiple power supply systems. The electric fracturing/pumping/cementing device includes: a plunger pump; a main motor for driving the plunger pump; and at least one auxiliary electric device. The multiple power supply systems supply electric power to the electric fracturing/pumping/cementing device, and includes at least one main power supply and at least one auxiliary power supply. The method for controlling the pumping system includes: supplying electric power to the main motor by using the main power supply, and supplying electric power to the at least one auxiliary electric device by using the auxiliary power supply.
The embodiments of the present specification have at least the following advantageous effects:
(1) ESG (Environment, Society and Governance) advantages: the main power supply and/or the auxiliary power supply of the present specification may adopt power-generating equipment(s). The present specification may use natural gas in all of the power-generating equipment(s), and the main power-generating equipment may be on standby in the idle interval of the fracturing operation. Thus, it is possible to reduce the cost and the emission during standby.
(2) An electricity usage is more flexible and more efficient. In the interval of the fracturing operations, the auxiliary power supply of the present specification can satisfy electric demands of the auxiliary electric systems such as an air conditioning system, an illuminating system, a lubricating system and a control system (these auxiliary electric systems are electric devices with a small power (for example, 0˜5 MW)) with a higher efficiency of electricity usage. As compared to the solution of the prior art in which single power supply is adopted, it is possible to guarantee the flexibility and high efficiency of electricity usage of the auxiliary electric systems.
(3) A power supply during a construction process is more reliable. The present specification uses the auxiliary power supply to continuously supply electric power to the auxiliary electric systems, so that even if the main power-generating equipment fails suddenly, the auxiliary power supply can still guarantee the normal operation of the auxiliary electric systems. Thus, it is possible to avoid the risk of losing control.
(4) The operation of a turbine is safer. Unlike the conventional “black start” operation, among the two power supplies of a power supply system of the present specification, the auxiliary power supply for supplying electric power to a turbine power-generating equipment (main power-generating equipment) will not stop supplying electric power after the turbine is started. Thus even when the turbine is stopped unusually, the auxiliary power supply can respond to the electric power demand of the turbine at any time, and it is possible to prevent the turbine from being damaged.
(5) In some embodiments, the present specification provides a solution in which the main power supply supplies electric power to the auxiliary electric devices after the electric power is adjusted by a transformer. Thus, there are more channels for supplying electric power, and the stability for supplying electric power is higher.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present specification would be described with reference to the drawings. The description would be given in the following order.
1. a pumping system including an electric fracturing device which is powered by multiple power supply systems according to embodiments of the present specification (with reference to
2. a power supply path achieved by using a switch cabinet trailer (with reference to
3. an integrated electric fracturing device and a power supply circuit thereof (with reference to
4. a wellsite assembly and control systems thereof (with reference to
5. fuel supply and fuel process (with reference to
In the following, the overview of the prior art is firstly described.
In
According to the pumping system including an electric fracturing device which is powered by a single power supply system as shown in
[1. A Pumping System Including an Electric Fracturing Device which is Powered by Multiple Power Supply Systems According to Embodiments of the Present Specification.]
The main power supply system 3a may adopt a power supply system with a large power, which may include at least one of a power grid and a power generator. The output power of the power supply system with a large power may be ranged in 3 MW˜60 MW. The power generator may use a water power, a wind power, a steam or the like, or may be a power generator using a fuel (for example, in the present specification, a gas turbine power generator). For the power generator using fuel, the fuel may be a solid fuel, a liquid fuel, a gas fuel or a combination thereof. The fuel is transported from a dedicated fuel supply hub, and is stored, processed and supplied to the power generator using fuel. As one example, the main power supply system 3a may be a main power-generating equipment, which may include one or more power generators. The power of each power generator included in the main power-generating equipment is generally 3 MW or more. In some embodiments, the power provided by the combination of one or more power generators may be in a range of 3 MW˜60 MW, and the voltage may be 10 kV or more, so as to satisfy a demand of large-scale electricity usage in the fracturing wellsite. In some embodiments, the main power-generating equipment may be a gas turbine power generator of 35 MW. The main power-generating equipment may include the combination of at least one power generator and an energy storing device, a combination of a plurality of power generators of 5 MW and an energy storing device, or a combination of one power generator of 35 MW and an energy storing device. By such combinations, the main power-generating equipment has more power supply channels and is more flexible in power supply. The energy storing device can store a part of electric power from the power generator, thereby achieving an optimum power supply efficiency. The energy storing device include one or more energy storage units. Examples of the energy storage units include: a chemical battery such as a sodium-ion battery and a lithium-ion battery; a supercapacitor; or a hydrogen fuel battery.
The auxiliary power supply system 3b may adopt a power supply system with a small power, which may include at least one of an internal combustion engine (for example, a piston-type internal combustion engine or a gas turbine) power-generating equipment, a power grid at the surrounding of a wellsite, an energy storing device, and a solar power panel. The output power of the power supply system with a small power may be 0.2 MW or more and 5 MW or less. The internal combustion engine power-generating equipment includes an internal combustion engine and a power generator driven by the internal combustion engine so as to generate an electric power. The internal combustion engine may be a diesel engine, a gas engine, a gas turbine engine, or a hydrogen fuel engine and the like. Further, the fuel type includes a fuel oil, a natural gas, a methyl alcohol, a hydrogen, a mixture containing hydrogen (e.g., a mixture of the natural gas and the hydrogen, and the like), a mixture of gaseous and liquid fuels and the like. In one embodiment, the auxiliary power supply system 3b may be an auxiliary power-generating equipment, which may be connected to a plurality of respective auxiliary electric devices via a plurality of switches. In some embodiments, the auxiliary power-generating equipment may be one power generator or may be a combination of a plurality of power generators. The auxiliary power-generating equipment may generally include two or less generators. Each of the power generators included in the auxiliary power-generating equipment may have a power not exceeding 5 MW, and the supply voltage therefrom may be lower than 1 kV. In some embodiments, the auxiliary power-generating equipment may adopt a power generator driven by a plurality of internal combustion engines. In some embodiments, the auxiliary power-generating equipment may be a combination of at least one power generator (e.g., an internal combustion engine power generator of 0.5 MW) and an energy storing device. Such combination can be similar to the aforementioned main power-generating equipment.
Since the auxiliary power supply system is adopted to supply electric power to at least one auxiliary electric device, a more flexible and more efficient electricity usage is obtained, as compared to the prior art in which only a single power supply system is adopted.
The second example as shown in
The third example as shown in
The fourth example as shown in
The multiple power supply systems of the present specification include two or more power supply systems. Although
Specifically, the schematic power supply path as shown in
In the example of
The power generator 3a′ using fuel is a device that converts combustion energy of fuel into mechanical energy and generates electric power by using the mechanical energy, supplies the generated electric power (for example, 10 kV or more) to the first transmission cable via the first switch 411, and then supplies to the electric fracturing device (e.g., the main motor of the electric fracturing device) on the corresponding electric fracturing device trailer 112 or other devices from the first transmission cable via the plurality of second switch 412. Some second switches 412 having not been used yet in
The internal combustion engine generators set 3b′ generates the electric power by using an internal combustion engine to drive a power generator, supplies the generated electric power (for example, 1 kV or less) to the second transmission cable via the third switch 413, and then supplies it to the electric fracturing device (specifically, at least one auxiliary electric device in the electric fracturing device) on the corresponding electric fracturing device trailer 112 or other devices from the second transmission cable via the plurality of fourth switch 414. Furthermore, the internal combustion engine generators set 3b′ can also supply power to the power generator 3a′ using fuel, so as to replace the traditional black start operation. In addition, the internal combustion engine generators set 3b′ can also supply power to the fuel supply hub 111. Some fourth switches 414 having not been used yet in
The auxiliary power supply system in this example can supply power to the main power supply system, and this procedure of supplying power may be continuous. Since both the main power supply system and the auxiliary power supply system in this example generate the electric power by using the power generators, the present specification solves the problem of most of oil-gas field wellsites lacking a power grid due to their location at a remote place.
The above switches 411, 412, 413, 414, 416 and the transformer 7 may be controlled by a control system (for example, referring to various control systems 81, 82, 83, 84, 85 and the like in
In the present specification, the power supply to at least one auxiliary electric device 6 or other electric devices from the auxiliary power supply system 3b and the power supply to the main motor 5 from the main power supply system 3a may be at the same time or may be not at the same time. In some embodiments, the power supply from the auxiliary power supply system 3b may start earlier. For example, in a case where the main power supply system 3a is a gas turbine power generator, the auxiliary power supply system 3b can firstly supply power to the gas turbine (its turbine) of this gas turbine power generator, so as to start this gas turbine power generator to operate. For example, when the gas turbine power generator is operating, the auxiliary power supply system 3b can constantly supply power to the gas turbine of this gas turbine power generator, so as to prevent the gas turbine from being damaged due to an abnormal shutdown caused by a power failure.
In some embodiments, the power supply to at least one auxiliary electric device 6 by the auxiliary power supply system 3b and the power supply to at least one auxiliary electric device 6 by the main power supply system 3a may be at the same time or may be not at the same time. In some embodiments, the power supply to at least one auxiliary electric device 6 from the auxiliary power supply system 3b may be selected with a superiority (e.g., take priority) to the power supply to at least one auxiliary electric device 6 from the main power supply system 3a. The term “superiority” herein means that: the power supplied to the auxiliary electric device 6 by the main power supply system 3a is used as a backup power of the power supplied to the auxiliary electric device 6 by the auxiliary power supply system 3b. Only when the auxiliary power supply system 3b cannot normally supply its power, the power supplied to the auxiliary electric device 6 by the main power supply system 3a is kicked in under a switching control.
In
Specifically, as shown in
In
The electric fracturing device 100a may also include a control cabinet 66. For example, the control cabinet 66 is disposed at one end of the variable-frequency and adjustable-speed integrated machine 310 in the −X direction, and the plunger pump 11 of the electric fracturing device 100a is disposed at another end of the variable-frequency and adjustable-speed integrated machine 310 in the X direction. The present specification is not limited to the relative positions of the control cabinet 66, the variable-frequency and adjustable-speed integrated machine 310 and the plunger pump 11 as shown in
The electric fracturing device 100a may also include at least one of the following: a lubricating system; a lubrication oil heat dissipation system; and a coolant heat dissipation system, and the like. The lubricating system, for example, includes: a lubrication oil tank 60; a first lubricating motor 61; and a second lubricating motor 62 and the like. The electric fracturing device 100a may be provided with different lubrication pumps in accordance with different lubrication positions, and the pumps are driven by the first lubricating motor 61 or the second lubricating motor 62, so as to satisfy lubrication demands for various pressures, flow rates or oil products. The lubrication oil heat dissipation system may include a lubrication oil heat dissipater 59 and the like for cooling the lubrication oil. The coolant heat dissipation system may include a coolant heat dissipater 63 and a heat dissipating motor 64 and the like for reducing the temperature of the high-voltage variable-frequency integrated machine 310. The above lubrication oil heat dissipation system and the coolant heat dissipation system may be integrally disposed on the top or a side of the plunger pump 11, or may be integrally disposed on the top or a side of the high-voltage variable-frequency integrated machine 310, so that it is possible to achieve the high integration of the overall assembly of the fracturing device 100a at the same time of fully achieving a heat dissipation ability. Similarly, the above lubricating system may be integrally disposed on a side of the high-voltage variable-frequency integrated machine 310. Hereinafter, the first lubricating motor 61, the second lubricating motor 62 and the heat dissipating motor 64 are collectively called as auxiliary motors 61, 62 and 64 if there is no need to distinguishing them from each other. Thus, the auxiliary electric device in the electric fracturing device 100a, may include: a lubricating motor, a heat dissipating motor, and a control system provided in the control cabinet, and the like.
The rated frequency of the variable-frequency and adjustable-speed integrated machine 310 may be 50 Hz or 60 Hz, which is the same as the power supply frequency of a power supply system such as a power grid. In this case, the variable-frequency and adjustable-speed integrated machine 310 may be directly connected to the power supply system such as the power grid without via a transformer. Therefore, the power supply is simplified and the adaptation ability is stronger.
In some embodiments, the whole electric fracturing device 100a adopts the variable-frequency and adjustable-speed integrated machine 310, and the external wiring of this variable-frequency and adjustable-speed integrated machine 310 can be directly connected to the main power supply system without a transformer for adjusting the voltage from the power supply system. The plunger pump 11 of the electric fracturing device 100a is driven by the variable-frequency and adjustable-speed integrated machine 310 so as to pump a fracturing liquid to the underground. The present specification is not limited to use the variable-frequency and adjustable-speed integrated machine 310 as an electric driving device, and an electric driving device in which the VFD system 40 and the electric motor 21 are separately installed may be used. For example, the VFD system 40 may be installed in the control cabinet. The VFD system 40 may be only partially (for example, the inverter device thereof) integrated on the electric motor 21.
A fluid feeding manifold (a low pressure manifold) 34 may be provided at one side of the plunger pump 11 in the −Z direction, for supplying the fracturing liquid to a fluid inlet (not shown) of the plunger pump 11. A fluid discharging manifold (high pressure manifold) 33 may be provided at least one end of the plunger pump 11 in the X direction and/or −X direction, for discharging the fracturing liquid from a fluid outlet (not shown) of the plunger pump 11. The fracturing liquid from the fluid feeding manifold 34 enters into inside of the plunger pump 11 via the fluid inlet of the plunger pump 11, is pressurized by the movement of the plunger pump 11, then is discharged from the fluid outlet of the plunger pump 11 to a high pressure pipe outside the plunger pump 11 via the fluid discharging manifold 33, and then enters into the underground or the wellhead so as to perform a fracturing operation.
In the electric fracturing device 100a as shown in
The electric fracturing device 100b in
When an on/off switch 69 is turned on, a main power supply system supplies, for example, a high voltage of 3.3 kV or more to a main motor 21 via a high-voltage incoming line and a VFD system 40, and a plunger pump is driven by the main motor 21 so as to achieve the stepless speed regulation of the plunger pump, so that the operating liquid is pumped into a well shaft after being pressurized. When an on/off switch 79 is turned on, an auxiliary power supply system supplies, for example, a low voltage of 220V-1000V to a control system 68 via a low-voltage incoming line, and the auxiliary power supply system also supplies the low voltage to auxiliary motors 61, 62, 64 via low-voltage incoming lines and VFD systems 91, 92, 94 respectively. Auxiliary motors 61, 62, 64 achieve functions of lubrication, heat dissipation and the like by driving the corresponding lubrication oil pump or coolant pump.
Note that, the above auxiliary motors are not limited to the aforementioned first lubricating motor 61, the second lubricating motor 62 and the heat dissipating motor 64.
In the electric fracturing device 100b as shown in
Variable-frequency drives VFD, VFD1, VFD2 and VFD3 may correspond to the above VFD systems 40, 91, 92, 94. Variable-frequency drives VFD, VFD1-VFD3 each may include IGBT power modules. A signal communication is performed between the control system 68 and the on/off switch 69 and between the control system 68 and variable-frequency drives VFD and VFD1-VFD3.
When the on/off switch 69 is turned on in accordance with a control signal from the control system 68, the main power supply system supplies, for example, the voltage of 10 kV or more to the high-power transformer 7a for regulating the voltage, and the regulated voltage is supplied to the main motor 21 after its frequency is adjusted by the VFD system. When the on/off switch 69 is turned off, the main power supply system stops supplying electric power.
When the on/off switch 791 is turned on, the auxiliary power supply system supplies, for example, the voltage of 220V-1000V to the low-power transformer 7b for regulating the voltage, and the regulated voltage (for example, ≤480V) is supplied to the control system 68. When the on/off switch 791 is turned off, the auxiliary power supply system stops supplying electric power to the control system 68. The low-power transformer 7b is not necessarily needed.
Furthermore, when the on/off switch 792 is turned on, the auxiliary power supply system supplies, for example, the voltage of 220V-1000V to the variable-frequency drives VFD1, VFD2, VFD3 for adjusting the frequency, and the adjusted voltage is respectively supplied to the auxiliary motors 61, 62, 64. When the on/off switch 792 is turned off, the auxiliary power supply system stops supplying electric power to the auxiliary motors 61, 62, 64.
Therefore, through the control system 68, the present specification can control the on/off switch 69 on the high-voltage incoming line and each of the variable-frequency drives. In a case of an emergency shutoff, the control system 68 of the electric fracturing device 100b can receive an instruction from an instrumentation apparatus (not shown in
Although the solution in which one variable-frequency drive corresponds to one electric motor is described in
In some embodiments, the auxiliary power supply system further supplies electric power to the main power supply system, and the startup time of the auxiliary power supply system is earlier than the startup time of the main power supply system.
In each of aforementioned embodiments of the present specification, the example of the pumping system including the electric fracturing device is described. The working fluid of the electric fracturing device may be a fracturing liquid. The fluid feeding manifold supplies the fracturing liquid to the fluid inlet of the plunger pump, the fracturing liquid is pressurized by the plunger pump and then is discharged to the fluid discharging manifold via the fluid outlet, and then is transported to the underground to fracture the formation.
In addition to or in replace of the electric fracturing device, the pumping system may include an electric pumping device. The working fluid of the electric pumping device may be a pumping liquid. The fluid feeding manifold supplies the pumping liquid to the fluid inlet of the plunger pump, and the pumping liquid is pressurized by the plunger pump and then is discharged to the fluid discharging manifold via the fluid outlet, and then is transported to a downhole to pump a downhole tool (for example, transfer it down) or to drive the downhole tool.
In addition to or in replace of the electric fracturing device, the pumping system may include an electric cementing device. The working fluid of the electric cementing device may be a cement paste. The fluid feeding manifold supplies the cement paste to the fluid inlet of the plunger pump, the cement paste is pressurized by the plunger pump and then is discharged to the fluid discharging manifold via the fluid outlet, and then is transported into at least one mineshaft so as to fix the wall of the mineshaft.
The wellsite assembly further includes a fluid preparing region. The fluid preparing region may include a sand supplying device (also referred to as a proppant supplying device) 72, a liquid supplying device 73, a mixing device 74, an adding device 75 and a sand blender 76 and the like. In some cases, the fracturing liquid injected into the downhole is a sand-carrying liquid, and thus there is a need to mix water, sand, chemical additive and the like so as to make sand suspend in the fracturing liquid. For example, the liquid supplying device 73 can directly derive the fluid transported by a transport vehicle, or may include a plurality of fluid containers for storing liquid. A liquid such as clean water may be supplied to the mixing device 74 via the liquid supplying device 73, and a reagent such as chemical additive may be supplied to the mixing device 74 via the adding device 75. The clean water and the chemical additive may be mixed in the mixing device 74 so as to form a mixture liquid (a fracturing base solution). The mixture liquid in the mixing device 74 and the sand in the sand supplying device 72 may enter (generally at different times, and via different inlets) into the sand blender 76 for mixing, and form a sand-carrying fracturing liquid during a fracturing operation. The fracturing liquid with a low pressure formed by the sand blender 76 is transported to the fluid inlet of the plunger pump 11 of each of electric fracturing devices 100a via the fluid feeding manifold 34.
In some embodiments, the adding device 75 can directly supply a reagent such as a chemical additive to the sand blender 76 without via the mixing device 74, or if necessary, the adding device 75 can supply reagents to the mixing device 74 and the sand blender 76. In some embodiments, the liquid supplying device 73 can supply the liquid to the sand blender 76 via or without via the mixing device 74. In some embodiments, the sand blender 76 may be connected to arbitrary combinations of the sand supplying device 72, the liquid supplying device 73, the mixing device 74 and the adding device 75, and can receive the supply from these arbitrary combinations as necessary.
When the liquid supplying device 73 and the adding device 75 directly add the water and the chemical additive into the sand blender 76 rather than into the mixing device 74, in this case, the mixing device 74 may be omitted. In some cases, the adding device 75 may be omitted. In the present specification, the above sand supplying device 72, the liquid supplying device 73, the mixing device 74, the adding device 75 and the sand blender 76 are provided needed and may be omitted in some instances, and their functions, numbers, modes of combination and assemblies may be selected and designed according to specific demands of the working fluid. For example, at least a portion of the mixing device 74 may be integrated with the sand blender 76.
The wellsite assembly further includes a power generating and supplying region. In some embodiments, in a case where the power generating and supplying region includes a power generator using fuel, the wellsite assembly may also include a fuel transport device 51 and a pressure regulating device 53 and/or a gasification device 55 (which will be described later with reference to
The power generating and supplying region may include the main power supply system 3a and the auxiliary power supply system 3b as described above. The main power supply system 3a supplies electric power to the main electric device in the wellsite, for example, mainly supplies electric power to the electric motor for driving the plunger pump in the electric fracturing device. The auxiliary power supply system 3b supplies electric power to the auxiliary electric device in the wellsite, for example, mainly supplies electric power to the auxiliary electric devices such as the heat dissipating motor, the lubricating motor, an illuminating system, a sensing system and the control system in the electric fracturing device. As mentioned above, the auxiliary power supply system 3b can supply power to the main power supply system 3a. As mentioned above, when the auxiliary power supply system 3b fails, the main power supply system 3a can supply power to the auxiliary electric device in the wellsite. In some cases, the power generating and supplying region may also include the switch cabinet trailer 41 as described above.
The wellsite assembly may be provided with an instrumentation apparatus 71, which can remotely control the electric fracturing device 100a, the fluid preparing region, the power generating and supplying region and the like. The remote control may be achieved by a wired communication or a wireless communication.
In some embodiments, the instrumentation apparatus 71, the sand supplying device 72, the liquid supplying device 73, the mixing device 74, the adding device 75, the sand blender 76 and the like may use the electric power supplied from the main power supply system 3a.
In some embodiments, the switch cabinet trailer 41, if present, may include arbitrary combinations of the following: a main switch, a main transformer and a main variable-frequency drive equipped for the main power supply system 3a, and an auxiliary switch, an auxiliary transformer, an auxiliary variable-frequency drive equipped for the auxiliary power supply system 3b, and the like. The main variable-frequency drive and the auxiliary variable-frequency drive each may be an inverter unit or may be a combination of an inverter unit, a rectifier unit and a filtering unit. The combination of the main switch, the main transformer and the main variable-frequency drive constitutes the main power distribution system of the switch cabinet trailer 41. The combination of the auxiliary switch, the auxiliary transformer and the auxiliary variable-frequency drive constitutes the auxiliary power distribution system of the switch cabinet trailer 41. The main switch, main transformer, main variable-frequency drive, auxiliary switch, auxiliary transformer, auxiliary variable-frequency drive and the like may be integrated on one semitrailer (or trailer). The main power supply system 3a may be a gas turbine power generator, which includes a gas turbine engine and a power generator. The gas turbine power generator directly generates a high voltage that is transported in multi paths to the plurality of electric fracturing devices 100a, the instrumentation apparatus 71 and the fluid preparing region through the main switch, the main transformer and the main variable-frequency drive and the like on the switch cabinet trailer 41. The auxiliary power supply system 3b may be a power-generating equipment, which generates a low voltage that is transported in multi paths to the plurality of electric fracturing devices 100a through the auxiliary switch, the auxiliary transformer and the auxiliary variable-frequency drive and the like on the switch cabinet trailer 41.
The instrumentation apparatus 71 provided in the wellsite is provided with the centralized control system 81 therein, and the centralized control system includes a plurality of modules for input, output, calculation, display, communication and storage, and can communicate with the control systems in each of the main/auxiliary power supply system, the electric fracturing device, and the power distribution apparatus, so as to achieve the remote centralized control of the main/auxiliary power supply system, the electric fracturing device and the power distribution apparatus. The centralized control system may also utilize the video acquisition camera and the sensors provided at various positions of the wellsite to achieve a video acquisition for the important positions of the wellsite and an acquisition for the environmental parameters such as temperature, smog, gas content and the like in those regions.
Through the instrumentation apparatus 71, it is possible to achieve an emergency shutdown or emergency shutoff of the above main/auxiliary power supply system, the electric fracturing device and the power distribution apparatus. When a certain sensor detects a fuel gas content out of limit, or when the main/auxiliary power supply system gives a high-level alarming such as overcurrent, overvoltage or overtemperature, the instrumentation apparatus 71 can display an alarm information such as voice or image in time, so as to facilitate the operator to make a judgement on implementing the emergency shutdown or shutoff of a certain kind of devices or a certain device or all devices. In some embodiments, by utilizing a cooperation between the above control systems, the emergency shutdown or shutoff of a certain kind of devices or a certain device or all devices may be achieved through an automatic judgement of the pumping system.
The wellsite assembly described above is also applicable to a case where the fracturing device is replaced with a pumping device or a cementing device, and the specific assembly may be adaptively changed.
Energy generated by the combustion of the fuel drives the engine, and the engine drives the power generator to generate the electric power so as to satisfy the electric power demand in the wellsite. The fuel may be a form of a liquid, a solid, or a gas. When the fuel is a fuel gas, the fuel may be CNG (compressed natural gas), LNG (liquid-state natural gas) or may be for example a wellhead gas or a pipeline gas. When the fuel is CNG, the corresponding process device 52 may include a pressure regulating device 53, CNG is adjusted by the pressure regulating device 53 to reach a certain pressure and then is supplied to the main power-generating equipment 3a (for example, the gas turbine of the gas turbine power generator) and the auxiliary power-generating equipment 3b (for example, a piston-type internal combustion engine of a piston-type internal combustion engine power generator). When the fuel is LNG, the corresponding process device 52 may include a gasification device 55, LNG is subjected to a gasifying process by the gasification device 55 and then provides a gas fuel for generating the electric power in the main power-generating equipment 3a and the auxiliary power-generating equipment 3b. When the fuel is a fuel gas such as a wellhead gas or a pipeline gas containing impurities, the corresponding process device 52 may include a purifying equipment 54. Depending on the source and the kind of the fuel 50, the above various process devices may be provided in combination. After the fuel is processed, it is possible to provide the fuel with a certain purification degree and a certain pressure to the engine, thereby satisfying the fuel demands of the main/auxiliary power-generating equipment. The selection of the fuel 50 is flexible, and the present specification allows the wellsite assembly to adapt to different conditions. For example, when the gas turbine power generator is used to replace the traditional diesel generator, it is possible to reduce the discharge of the exhaust gas and reduce the fuel cost.
When the source of the fuel gas is a wellhead gas or a pipeline gas etc., the purifying equipment 54 is employed in the process device 52 as shown in
The dehydration film separator 15 is configured to remove water from the gas and may be provided with, for example, two outlets, wherein one outlet is connected to the inlet of the dehydrocarbon film separator 16, and another outlet is communicated with the pipeline of the wellhead gas so that the gas which needs repeated multi-dehydration processes is fed to the pipeline of the wellhead gas again. These two outlets can be separately opened/closed. For example, when the gas needing a repeated dehydration process is fed, the one outlet of the dehydration film separator 15 connected to the inlet of the dehydrocarbon film separator 16 is closed. As necessary, the dehydrocarbon film separator 16 is configured to remove heavy hydrocarbons and may be also provided with two outlets similar to the dehydration film separator 15.
In this way, the purification device for the wellhead gas adopts film separating devices connected in series, and achieves the dehydration process and the dehydrocarbon process by the dehydration film separator and the dehydrocarbon film separator, respectively. The whole purification device has a simplified structure, can be assembled conveniently and has a small footprint area. The purification device does not need additional material and reagent consumption, thereby having a low operation cost. It provides a guarantee that the whole system of the wellsite assembly can have a small footprint area and a reduced operating cost.
The above has described the technique according to the present specification with reference to embodiments and modifications. However, the technique according to the present specification is not limited to the above embodiments and the like, and may be modified in many ways.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 202210451262.4 | Apr 2022 | CN | national |
This application is a continuation of International Patent Application No. PCT/CN2022/113242 filed Aug. 18, 2022, which claims the priority to and benefit of Chinese patent application No. 202210451262.4 filed with China National Intellectual Property Administration (CNIPA) on Apr. 27, 2022. The disclosure of all of the above applications is incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | PCT/CN2022/113242 | Aug 2022 | WO |
| Child | 18904942 | US |
