Patent Grant
7270749
The present invention is in the field of pumping systems. Specifically, the present invention is in the field of above-ground enclosed pumping systems for delivering a high pressure supply of water to a misting system.
As used herein the term “dry-bulb temperature” (Tdb) is usually referred to as air temperature, the air property that is most familiar. Dry-bulb temperature can be measured using a thermometer. The dry-bulb temperature is an indicator of heat content.
As used herein, the term “wet-bulb temperature” (Twb) represents how much moisture the air can evaporate. This temperature can be measured with a thermometer that has the bulb covered with a water-moistened bandage and with air flowing over the thermometer.
As used herein, the term “relative humidity” (RH) is the ratio of the water vapor pressure (Pv) to the vapor pressure of saturated air at the same temperature (Pvs), expressed as a percentage. The moisture-holding capacity of air increases as air is warmed. In practice, relative humidity indicates the moisture level of the air compared to the air's moisture-holding capacity. The moisture holding capacity of air increases dramatically with an increase in temperature.
As used herein, the term “dew point temperature” (Tdp) is the temperature at which water vapor starts to condense out of air. Above this temperature, the moisture will stay in the air.
As used herein, the term “enthalpy” (H) is the energy content per unit air weight, typically measured in units of British thermal units per pound of dry air (Btu/lbda).
Evaporative cooling is a passive conditioning method that has been effectively utilized for thousands of years. However, despite its wide spread use in many areas of the country, its full benefits have yet to be realized. Evaporative cooling is energy efficient, environmentally benign and cost-effective. The evaporative cooling process is the simultaneous removal of sensible heat and addition of moisture to the air. Simply described, it is the movement of air across a moisture source, which produces a decrease in temperature.
In order to escape the pressures of modern life many people are transforming their homes into an oasis of serenity among the chaos of the outside world. Some of these transformations include improving the aesthetic features of their house, the material possessions contained therein, and the aesthetic features of their yards. However, no matter how aesthetically pleasing one makes their house or yard if the environmental factors (temperature and/or humidity) in that area is not within comfortable ranges that area may not be used. In many regions of the world, the climate is too hot and/or too dry to comfortably enjoy the outdoors (including patios, loggias, and porches). Similarly, the climate in many regions affects indoor comfort to the extent that people are unable to truly enjoy their homes. Accordingly, people have recognized the need to adjust local environmental factors to more suitable levels to maximize the enjoyment of their home and/or yard.
Thus, it is a goal of the present invention to provide an effective pumping system to deliver a plurality of regions or zones (such as patios, loggias, and porches) with a supply of high-pressure water that may be atomized to affect local environmental factors (such as temperature and humidity).
In view of the present disclosure or through practice of the present invention, other advantages may become apparent.
In general terms, the present invention includes a pumping system comprising: (a) an inlet adapted for connection with a supply of low pressure water; (b) a filtration unit in fluid communication with the inlet so as to receive a flow of low pressure water, wherein the filtration unit filters impurities from the low pressure water so as to discharge a flow of filtered water; (c) a pump in fluid communication with the filtration unit so as to receive the flow of filtered water, the pump adapted to discharge a flow of pressurized water; (d) a valve manifold in fluid communication with the pump so as to receive the flow of pressurized water, the valve manifold comprising at least two discharge ports, the valve manifold operable to individually actuate each discharge port so as to regulate fluid flow therethrough, each discharge port being capable of discharging a stream of high pressure water; and (e) at least a respective number of outlets as discharge ports, each outlet in fluid communication with a respective discharge port so as to receive the stream of high pressure water.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the filtration unit comprises at least one cartridge filter. In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the filtration unit removes impurities larger than about 20 microns. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the filtration unit removes impurities larger than about 10 microns.
In one embodiment, the stream of high pressure water is at a pressure in the range of from about 700 psi to about 1,200 psi.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the pumping system additionally comprises at least one chemical storage tank for introducing chemicals into at least one stream of high pressure water.
In one embodiment, the pumping system of the present invention additionally comprises a weatherproof container which houses at least one of the following components: the filtration unit, the pump, and the valve manifold.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the pumping system additionally comprises a control unit in electrical communication with at least one of the following components: the filtration unit, the pump, and the valve manifold.
In yet another embodiment, the control unit is housed in NEMA 4 enclosure.
The present invention additionally includes a pump system comprising: (a) a filtration unit in fluid communication with a source of low pressure water, wherein the filtration unit filters impurities from the low pressure water so as to discharge a flow of filtered water; (b) a pump in fluid communication with the filtration unit so as to receive the flow of filtered water, the pump adapted to discharge a flow of pressurized water; (c) a valve manifold in fluid communication with the pump so as to receive the flow of pressurized water, the valve manifold comprising at least two discharge ports, the valve manifold operable to individually actuate each discharge port so as to regulate fluid flow therethrough, each discharge port capable of discharging a stream of high pressure water.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the filtration unit comprises at least one cartridge filter. In another embodiment, the filtration unit removes impurities larger than about 20 microns. In yet another embodiment, the filtration unit removes impurities larger than about 10 microns.
In one embodiment, the stream of high pressure water is at a pressure in the range of from about 700 psi to about 1,200 psi.
In one embodiment of the pumping system of the present invention, the pumping system additionally comprises at least one chemical storage tank for introducing chemicals into at least one stream of high pressure water.
In yet another embodiment, the pumping system additionally comprises a weatherproof container which houses at least one of the following components: the filtration unit, the pump, and the valve manifold.
In one embodiment, the pumping system of the present invention additionally comprises a control unit in electrical communication with at least one of the following components: the filtration unit, the pump, and the valve manifold.
In another embodiment, the control unit is housed in NEMA 4 enclosure.
In accordance with the foregoing summary of the invention, the following presents a detailed description of the preferred embodiment of the invention which is presently considered to be its best mode.
With regard to
The filtered water is subsequently fed to a positive displacement pump 2 that pressurizes the system to a pressure of at least about 600-psi. It is preferred that the positive displacement pump pressurizes the filtered water to about 1000-psi. Although any positive displacement pump that can pressurize the filtered water to the required pressure may be used, suitable pumps are the Sleeved Direct-Drive Plunger Pumps, such as model 4SF50ELS, manufactured by Cat Pumps of 1681-94th Lane N.E., Minneapolis, Minn. 55449-4324.
A portion of the pressurized water discharged from the positive displacement pump is then fed into an accumulator 3, unless the accumulator is at maximum capacity. An accumulator is a pressure vessel in which the pressurized water is stored. Typically, an accumulator contains a compressible gas, a separator (i.e. piston, bladder diaphragm, etc.), and an incompressible hydraulic fluid. The compressible gas behaves much like a spring, which allows energy to be stored and dissipated, while the separator transfers these changes in energy and volume to the hydraulic fluid. Because the accumulator stores a quantity of pressurized water, the accumulator provides additional flow during high demand cycles—such as those periods where the output of the system exceeds the output capacity of the positive displacement pump. Any suitable accumulator for use in the present invention may be used.
The remainder of the pressurized water discharged from the positive displacement pump is fed to a bank of solenoid valves 4. The bank of solenoid valves may comprise as many solenoid valves as there are individual zones to control. Each solenoid valve controls the delivery of pressurized water into a respective zone. Further, each solenoid valve is in communication with a control unit such that the control unit may selectively send each solenoid valve a signal to open or close.
The pump set optionally comprises at least one fluid reservoir 5 for introducing a liquid solution into the high-pressure water fed to one or more zones. The fluid reservoir may be used to deliver an insecticide, herbicide, pesticide, or fertilizer to a particular zone. In those instances where a liquid is to be introduced into a particular zone, the discharge line emanating from the desired zone's respective solenoid valve is placed in fluid communication with a pressure-driven inductor. The pressure-driven inductor injects a controlled quantity of liquid solution into the discharge line for a particular zone. Any suitable pressure-driven inductor for use in the present invention may be used.
In one embodiment, the pump set is skid mounted 6 and enclosed in a vented metal housing 7. The entire pump set is self-contained and protected from the environment by this housing, thought panels of the housing are removable to allow easy access to the pump set for maintenance. In another embodiment, the pump set controller (and its associated power source and control logic) is mounted in a NEMA 4 housing above the vented metal housing 7.
Throughout the above discussion, the term zone has been used to denote various regions to which a supply of high-pressure water is delivered for a given purpose—such as a system for reducing the duty cycle of an air conditioner, a system for reducing the temperature around plants and/or emitting a chemical solution, a system to reduce the temperature in a living area, and a system to reduce the temperature around a swimming pool. Although the zones may be thought of as separate physical regions, it is possible that the effective areas of the zones overlap or be coextensive with one another. In this regard, it may be more appropriate to think of the zones as areas having distinct purposes for receiving the high-pressure water.
It is desirable that the pump set comprises at least as many solenoid valves as there are individual zones. However, it is foreseeable that it may be desirable to have several zones operate only simultaneously with one another. In those instances, the discharge line from a solenoid valve may split into several lines each feeding a separate zone.
The discharge lines 8, 9 emanating from the pump set are buried underground at an appropriate depth to avoid accidental rupture by foot-traffic or lawn equipment and to avoid ruptures caused by freezing. Each discharge line 8, 9 terminates in at least one atomization nozzle 10, 11. The atomization nozzles 10, 11 contain mechanisms to pulverize water by impact as well as spinning the water, effecting centrifugal atomization on discharge through the orifice into the atmosphere. The water particles generated have diameters on the order of microns (typically in the range of from about 2 to 20), which are virtually invisible to the human eye. It has been found that the use of ceramic nozzles is advantageous as it naturally deters the accumulation of salts in the nozzle orifice that would otherwise impede discharge of the water particles. Any suitable atomization nozzle for use in the present invention may be used.
In view of the present disclosure or through practice of the present invention, it will be within the ability of one of ordinary skill to make modifications to the present invention, such as through the use of equivalent arrangements and compositions, in order to practice the invention without departing from the spirit of the invention as reflected in the appended claims.
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