Embodiments of the present invention generally relate to an analyzer. More specifically, a gas analyzer having a pump whose vibration and noise is reduced.
Gas powered vehicles produce emissions of various gases leading to pollution of the air. Most states require yearly vehicle inspections as part of the privilege in driving in their states. However, some states, such as California, have required stricter emission standards for the vehicles of their citizens. Thus, testing facilities and repair garages are performing more tests as the regulations become tighter.
In the past, only hydrocarbons (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) had to be measured, but stricter regulations require the measurement of oxygen (O2), carbon dioxides (CO2) and nitrous oxides (NOx), as well. The vehicle must pass inspection, including emissions testing, in order to obtain a valid inspection sticker. If the vehicle fails, then it must be repaired before it will pass inspection. In the repair process, a mechanic must be able to determine if the repair of the gas emission system was successful.
Gas analyzers have been developed in order to help the mechanic diagnose the emission problems. Large platform analyzers were originally developed to measure the emission gases and were moved around on carts. However, large platform analyzers are too large for small garages to use and store. Additionally, the large platform analyzers are typically very expensive for small repair garages to own.
“Portable” gas analyzers were subsequently developed to be used for repair purposes. While the portable gas analyzers were smaller, they still weigh between twenty—thirty pounds and are too large to be held in the operator's hands. Because the portable analyzers were still big, they required a big pump to move the emission gases throughout the analyzer for measuring, and a large filtering device to filter the particulate and moisture from the emission gases. The big pump also required a large power source, thus increasing the weight of the portable gas analyzer. Additionally, the portable gas analyzer has a large chassis to hold the various components together. The large size of the chassis increases the weight of the analyzer.
As the analyzer operates, emission gases including condensation from the line (due to a hot emission source traveling in hoses that are at ambient temperature) are filtered through a filter. However, the analyzer can have many filters that require additional hoses so that additional contamination and condensation leading to false readings can occur.
In order to circulate the emission gases, a pump is utilized. However, the pump can be big because of the size of the analyzer. The pump is solidly mounted onto the chassis. Additionally, the pump vibrates, thereby, transmitting the vibration to the operator, and making it uncomfortable for the operator to use the analyzer.
Therefore, there is a need for an analyzer that can be lightweight, compact, and portable. There is also a need for an integrated multistage filter system to reduce contamination and condensation. Another need includes an analyzer that can notify the operator that it is in the wrong orientation for a purging operation so that more liquids can be purged. A further need includes an analyzer with reduce vibration from the pump so that the analyzer is more comfortable to use. There is still a further need for an analyzer that can purge and recalibrate (“zero out”) as needed.
Embodiments of the present invention generally provide for an analyzer that is portable, lightweight and compact and includes a multistage filter. The analyzer can have an orientation component, can have less vibration, and can purge and/or zero manually or automatically.
In one aspect, the invention provides a pump vibration assembly for reducing vibration in a gas analyzer including an assembly base, an assembly cap, and a pump secured between the assembly base and assembly cap. The cap may be further secured to a manifold by a plurality of retainers. The assembly base, assembly cap, and/or the plurality of retainers may be made from elastic materials in order to reduce vibration and/or the noise of the pump during operation use.
In another aspect of the invention, a method of reducing vibration in a pump to a gas analyzer is provided including providing an assembly base, locating a pump on the base and placing an assembly cap over the pump. The pump is retained by securing the cap to a manifold by utilizing a plurality of retainers.
In yet another aspect of the invention, a pump vibration reduction system for a gas analyzer is provided including a pump means for orienting the pump, means for securing the pump and means for supporting the securing means. The securing means may be connected to the supporting means. The orienting means and/or the securing means may be made from elastic materials.
There has thus been outlined, rather broadly, the more important features of the invention in order that the detailed description thereof that follows may be better understood, and in order that the present contribution to the art may be better appreciated. There are, of course, additional features of the invention that will be described below and which will form the subject matter of the claims appended hereto.
In this respect, before explaining at least one embodiment of the invention in detail, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of construction and to the arrangements of the components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. The invention is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced and carried out in various ways. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology employed herein, as well as the abstract, are for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting.
As such, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the conception upon which this disclosure is based may readily be utilized as a basis for the designing of other structures, methods and systems for carrying out the several purposes of the present invention. It is important, therefore, that the claims be regarded as including such equivalent constructions insofar as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
The embodiments of the present invention relate to a portable analyzer that is portable, lightweight, and compact. The analyzer is constructed and arranged so that smaller, lightweight components can be selected and that the components are made from lightweight materials. The analyzer can have an orientation device that determines its orientation so that efficient purging of contaminants and liquids are conducted. An efficient, compact integrated filter is also provided to filter contaminants and liquids, such as water, from the emission gases. Additionally, embodiments of the present invention include reducing the vibration of components of the analyzer during operation, such as the pump, and to purge and zero out the analyzer as needed.
In one embodiment of the invention, the portable analyzer 100 is lightweight and small enough to be comfortable in a hand(s) of the operator. Preferably the analyzer 100 weighs about 2 pounds or less and has dimensions of about 6.4 inches (length) by 4.9 inches (height) by 3.9 inches (depth). The analyzer 100 can weigh less because the housing 110 is preferably made from a lightweight polymer that is resistant to particles, such as dusts, from accumulating on the surface. The polymer can be acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) plastic. ABS is a strong, high-density plastic that is resistant to particles sticking to its surfaces, hence, contamination and the weight of the analyzer are decreased.
With the use of a smaller manifold (FIG. 2), the various components of the analyzer 100 will have to be smaller and thus lighter. Because the components can be smaller and lighter, the analyzer weighs less and is smaller in dimensions. Due to the analyzer 100 being lighter and smaller than conventional analyzers, more can be on hand in smaller garages because it takes less storage space. Because of the reduced weight and dimensions, the analyzer 100 is cheaper to ship, which saves money for consumers, and can be held by the operator for a longer period of time then a heavier analyzer.
The manifold 210 mounts onto a circuit board 250, which has a connector 252 that connects with a ribbon cable 380 (FIG. 4). The manifold 210 includes a plate 212 and a manifold gas cap 214, which are ultrasonically welded together using known methods. The ultrasonic welding prevents gases from escaping the manifold 210. The plate 212 provides a platform for coupling other analyzer components, such as a pump 218 or solenoids 220. The gas cap 214 provides passages for gases to travel beneath the plate 212, so that the gases can travel to the various components.
The pump 218 is a positive displacement pump that helps to circulate the emission gases throughout the analyzer 100. Hoses 222 bring gases to and from the pump 218 for circulation. The pump 218 is secured on the manifold 210 by an assembly 224 (details in
Solenoids 220 are also mounted on the manifold 210 and help to direct the gases in the right direction toward the appropriate components, such as the pump 218. One solenoid is the zero solenoid, which helps to zero out the sensors (described below) before a sample of the emission gases are analyzed. The zero solenoid is connected to an outside source of ambient gas that will be used as the control gases. The other solenoid is the purge solenoid, which purges the contaminants and liquids from the filter 710. The solenoid directs the air from the pump to the filter 710 to force the contaminants and liquids from the filter. The solenoids' 220 are powered by power sources 234.
The manifold 210 can include a NOx sensor coupler 236 and an O2 sensor coupler 238 mounted thereon. The couplers 236 and 238 can provide a threaded connection for their respective sensors. The NOx sensor 390 (
A bench 300 (
The absolute transducer 364 and a differential transducer 362 are present on the base 310. The absolute pressure transducer 364 includes the connector 368 that can communicate with the emitter 340 via a hose. The differential transducer 362 provides altitude data for the analyzer 100 that can affect the reading. An interface 330 that can connect to the circuit board 250 through the ribbon cable 380 (
In an alternate embodiment, the individual or the combination of the assembly components (base, cap, retainers and other components) can be made from a semi-rigid or rigid material. Preferably the semi-rigid or rigid material can absorb the vibration and/or the noise of the pump.
The emission gases is directed to the filter element 720 by the pump 218, where the gases pass through an outer filter element 722 where the larger particulate and “rough water” are removed. The sample emission gases can contain water or condensation as they travel in the hoses to the filter 710 due to temperature changes from the hot emission and ambient hoses. The emission gases then travel through the inner filter element 724 where additional filtering occurs to remove the smaller particulate and then to the annular area 726. The filtered emission gases then travel to the secondary filter element 734 where additional filtering can be accomplished. The O-ring 719 seals the filter base 738 to the lower portion 732 so that the emission gases do not escape. The filter base 738 has the nozzle 750 so that the filtered air can travel to the sensors for analysis. The filter base 738 also has a pair of retaining holes 740, which can provide a mating surface for an end of the filter retainer 728. The filter retainer 728 further retains the filter 710 to the analyzer 100.
The filter 710 is constructed and designed to reduce contamination and condensation and provides for a more accurate reading of the samples. Conventional filters require that the emission gases travel from the outside to one filter via a hose then to another filter by another hose and then to another filter via still another hose. As the emission gases travel in the hoses, it can get contaminated because of cracking and aging hoses and/or condensation can occur due to the many hoses that the gases must travel through to get to the filter. By having a multi-stage filter, where the filters are close to each other and no additional hoses are required between the filters, then chances of contamination and condensation are reduced. Additionally, the life of the filter can last longer because the filter is encased and sealed in the filter holder 760 and it does not have to filter out other external elements that can get into the filter other than from the sample hose.
The filter connector 716 is also used to purge the water from the filter holder 760. Over time, condensation will build up in the filter holder 760 and needs to be purged so that accurate readings of the emission gases can be taken. The operator can actuate the pump 218 to purge the liquid from the filter holder 760 and out the filter connector 716. However, for optimal purging, the filter connector should be in a certain orientation, preferably in the general direction of gravity. Because the analyzer 100 is lightweight and portable, the operator can set it down in various orientations, and thus, the analyzer may not be in the preferred orientation for purging. If the operator believes he purged the water from the filter holder 760, then he will believe that the readings are accurate when they may not be.
With the assistance of the tilt switch and/or accelerator, the analyzer 100 can notify the operator that it is not in the desired orientation for a purge, should the operator attempt to purge the water. The desired orientation can be pre-selected or predetermined so that purging only occurs when the analyzer is in the proper orientation. Thus, the operator can be assured that the purge went as expected and can rely on the readings from the analyzer 100. Additionally, if the purge function is automatic (discussed below) such as based on a certain time, in a certain amount of water or automatically as part of another operation, or other operations, and if the analyzer is not in the preferred orientation, the operator can be alerted or the purge function may not be performed. By alerting the operator of the incorrect orientation, the operator can reorient the analyzer 100 to the desired purging orientation. The operator is alerted visually, audibly, and tactically. A display or remote means, which can include an integrated display or a remotely located display. The remote means can communicate with the analyzer 100 via a wireless means or a connected means, such as Ethernet (wired and wireless).
The purging of the water from the analyzer 100 and the zero out can be done automatically, manually, or combined with other functions. Before a live reading of the emission gases is taken, the ambient air is taken into the analyzer so that the sensors can be zero out or the sensors can reset to take new readings. Additionally, the purge function can also be performed after the zero out. The purge function can also be performed before the zero out function. The order is not important. In an embodiment, the purge function and/or the zero function can be automatic, such as after startup, after the analysis is completed, after a certain amount of time has passed while the analyzer is on, after a number of samples have been taken, or any other time period or events.
In one embodiment of the invention, preferably when the operator activates the live reading mode of the analyzer 100, the analyzer can automatically purge, and then zero out. Alternatively, when the live reading mode is activated, the analyzer can automatically zero out then purge. In another embodiment, when the live reading mode is activated, the analyzer 100 can automatically and simultaneously purge and zero out. By having the purge and/or zero functions done automatically, the operator can concentrate on the analysis and does not have to remember when to purge and/or zero out.
A probe 902 is inserted or located near an exhaust system of a vehicle (not shown) and collects emission gases, which travels down a sample hose 904 to a filter housing 906. The filter housing 906 includes a primary filter 908, which can have two additional filters (inner and outer filter), and a secondary filter 910. The outer filter may be designed, for instance, to filter particulates greater than approximately 1 micron, while the inner filter may filter particulates greater than 0.3 microns. The primary filter 908 will remove most of the particulates and any condensation. The secondary filter 910 is designed to remove remaining particulates and condensation. The secondary filter may be comprised of a gasket material such as TriSeal F-217 LDPE foam, for example, with a 0.040 inch thickness. The secondary filter provides additional protection for preventing passage of particulates and fluids into the gas analyzer system which may not have been filtered out by the primary filter's inner and outer filter. Otherwise, any fluid entering the gas analyzer could adversely affect gas measurements and also be potentially damaging to the internal components of the analyzer such as the bench 300 and its associated components.
After the emission gases are filtered, the gases can travel through a zero solenoid 912, which at this point is shown in the inactive position, to a pump 914. The zero solenoid 912, during the zero out function, will open the pathway from an ambient air intake 920 and shutoff the gas pathway from the filter housing 906. The ambient air allows a baseline for the sensors 925, 928 and 930 to reset to zero, so that a live reading function can occur and an accurate reading can be made.
The pump 914 circulates the emission gases throughout the analyzer. The emission gases are then pumped to a purge solenoid 916, which is allows the gases to travel to the gas analysis bench 922. The purge solenoid, when in the purging mode, can purge by closing the pathway to the bench 922 and open the pathway to the filter housing 906. The zero solenoid 912 will close the pathway from the filter housing 906 and open the pathway from the ambient air intake 920. The pump 914 will draw in air from the air intake 920 and pump air through the purge solenoid 916 and to the filter housing 906 and forces the water to purge out the sample hose (which can have the probe 902 removed or attached).
The purge function (whether automatic or manual) may not occur properly if the analyzer not in the desired purging orientation. A tilt circuit 918 is provided to determine the orientation of the analyzer. The tilt circuit 918 can include tilt switches and/or accelerometer or other orientation determining devices. The tilt circuit 918 will alert the operator if the analyzer is not in the desired orientation when a purge function is activated, so that the operator can make the appropriate corrections.
At the bench 922, with a NDIR 925, the emission gases (CO2, CO and HC) can be analyzed. The bench 922 includes a flow sensor 924 to ensure that the gases are flowing adequately for an accurate reading and a pressure sensor 926 to determine the altitude of the device, which can effect the reading. After the bench 922, the gases are pumped to the O2 and NOx sensors 928, 930, where the respective gas readings can occur. Afterwards, the gases can be exhausted via an outlet hose 932.
Additional components of the analyzer can include the unit ID 934 so that if the analyzer is coupled to another device, such as the Genisys™, the analyzer would be identified. A power connection 936 and communication port 938 is also provided to communication with other devices via a wire or wirelessly. A hip connector 940 can connect the analyzer with another device.
The many features and advantages of the invention are apparent from the detailed specification, and thus, it is intended by the appended claims to cover all such features and advantages of the invention which fall within the true spirits and scope of the invention. Further, since numerous modifications and variations will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired to limit the invention to the exact construction and operation illustrated and described, and accordingly, all suitable modifications and equivalents may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the invention.
This application claims benefit of U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/413,864, filed Sep. 27, 2002, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
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Number | Date | Country | |
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20040062665 A1 | Apr 2004 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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60413864 | Sep 2002 | US |