Patent Application
20100084064
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a puncture free tire tube that is a tubular long member extrusion-molded with an elastomer as a raw material, is capable of being easily fitted in tires of various sizes, and is capable of being used repeatedly, and also relates to a puncture free tire and a method for fitting a tire tube to a tire.
2. Description of Related Art
As an example of a tire tube that is not punctured upon being pierced with nails (which is referred to as a puncture free tire tube), JP-A-8-142603 discloses a method of molding foamed polyurethane by die molding into a ring shape corresponding to a tire size. The tire tube is molded into a ring shape having a size that correspond to a tire size, and thus is necessarily molded into different sizes for corresponding to tires of different sizes. Upon fitting the tire tube to a tire (tire outer wall), the tire tube climbs over a rim immediately before completing the fitting operation, and thus for climbing over the rim, is necessarily elongated partially in the circumferential direction at the part climbing over the rim. The operation often cannot be performed by humans, but a large equipment may be necessarily used, thereby complicating the operation of fitting the tire tube to a tire. Furthermore, the foamed polyurethane necessarily has certain hardness for preventing excessive cross-sectional deformation. The hard foamed polyurethane tube has small elasticity, whereby the ride quality is deteriorated due to impacts and vibrations, which are generated from unevenness on the road surface and transmitted to the human body, and also the vehicle body is deteriorated in durability due to impacts to the vehicle body. Moreover, foamed polyurethane is generally poor in water resistance, and thus becomes brittle due to water absorption upon using in the rain.
As another example of a puncture free tire tube, it has been known that a thermosetting polyurethane elastomer in a solution form is injected into an air tube through a tire valve with an injection machine, and then is cured by heating. The production of the tire tube requires an injection machine, and the thermosetting polyurethane elastomer deteriorates the ride quality due to the heavy weight of the material itself and is not suitable for use in the rain due to its poor water resistance.
As still another example of a puncture free tire tube, JP-A-2005-96471 discloses that a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer in a molten state is injected into an air tube through a tire valve with an injection machine, and cured at ordinary temperature. The production of the tube also requires an injection machine, and since an elastomer in a molten state is injected into an air tube with pressure, a hollow part cannot be formed inside, and a foamed structure cannot be produced although the tube has a relatively small specific gravity (ca. 0.9) as compared to the tube formed of thermosetting polyurethane (ca. 1.1). Accordingly, the tire tube is still heavy as compared to an air tube and provides poor ride quality.
An object of the invention is to solve the problems associated with the conventional puncture free tire tubes and to provide a puncture free tube that is a tubular long member extrusion-molded with an elastomer as a raw material and cut into a prescribed length, is capable of being easily fitted in tires of various sizes, and is capable of being used repeatedly. Another object of the invention is to provide a puncture free tire using the puncture free tire tube, and a method for fitting the tire tube to a tire capable of fitting the tube easily to a tire.
The invention relates to, as a first aspect, a puncture free tire tube to be fitted under compressive deformation into a tube housing space of an annular tire outer wall, which is detachably fitted to an annular rim, the puncture free tire tube containing a long member extrusion-molded with an elastomer as a raw material, and having a cross sectional area of from 1 to 1.3 times a cross sectional area of the tube housing space of the tire outer wall and a length corresponding to a circumferential length at a center of the cross section of the tire outer wall.
The puncture free tire tube according to the first aspect of the invention has, before fitting into the tube housing space of the tire outer wall, a long member that is capable of elastically deformed in both the longitudinal direction and the cross sectional direction, and is not in an annular shape as in the conventional puncture free tire tubes. In a state where one of the beads of the tire outer wall is released from one of the edges of the rim to form a tube fitting opening on one side of the rim on the cross section, upon inserting the tire tube into the tire housing space of the tire outer wall through the tube fitting opening, a conventional tire tube in an annular shape necessarily climbs over the edge of the rim, which has been released from the bead of the tire outer wall, for inserting the tire tube into the tube housing space of the tire outer wall. However, the puncture free tire tube according to the aspect of the invention is in a linear shape capable of elastically deformed, and can be inserted into the tube housing space of the tire outer wall sequentially from one end in the longitudinal direction of the tube, and both ends of the tube having been disposed in an annular form in the tube housing space are attached to each other, thereby fitting the tube into the tube housing space of the tire outer wall. Accordingly, there is no necessity of the operation of elongating the tube in the circumferential direction upon fitting the tube into the tube housing space of the tire outer wall for climbing over the edge of the rim, whereby the tube can be easily fitted into the tube housing space of the tire outer wall.
The tube is a solid member of an extrusion-molded elastomer, and the elastomer has good elasticity, i.e., compression and restoration property close to compressed air, by its material. Therefore, the tire having the tube having been fitted into the tube housing space of the tire outer wall provides favorable ride quality equivalent to a pneumatic tire and provides less impacts to the vehicle body. Even in the state where the tube is fitted into the tube housing space of the tire outer wall, the tube has both ends attached to each other to produce a part that is discontinuous in the circumferential direction. However, the both ends of the tube attached to each other (i.e., the discontinuous part of the tube) are covered with the tire outer wall to provide no problem in ride quality and durability. With respect to the ride quality, in particular, the tube fitted to the tire outer wall is slightly compressed on the cross section and is slightly elongated in the circumferential direction, whereby the both ends of the tube press each other to provide a state that is equivalent to a tube continuous in the circumferential direction from the standpoint of ride quality. Furthermore, upon exchanging the tire outer wall owing to abrasion of the tire outer wall, the tube can be reused by fitting the tube to a fresh tire outer wall.
The ratio of the cross sectional area of the tube to the cross sectional area of the tube housing space of the tire outer wall is from 1 to 1.3 times. In the case where the ratio exceeds 1.3 times, it becomes difficult to fit the tube to the tire outer wall, and in the case where the ratio is less than 1, a gap is formed between the inner surface of the tire outer wall and the tube to deteriorate the unity of the tire outer wall and the tube, thereby failing to attain the function of the tube.
A long member extrusion-molded with an elastomer as a raw material is cut into a length corresponding to the circumferential length of at the center of the cross section of the tire outer wall to produce the tube, and the tube is fitted into the tube housing space of the tire outer wall, which is different from the conventional constitution, in which a tube molded into an annular shape, such as an air tube or a urethane tube, is fitted to the tire outer wall. Accordingly, even when the tube is to be applied to various tire sizes defined by the outer diameter and the width, the cut length of the long member is changed corresponding to the target tire size, thereby producing tubes capable of being applied to various tire sizes by using the same tube length material. Consequently, there is no necessity of producing various kinds of tubes for various tire sizes, and thus production and management of tire tubes can be considerably facilitated.
A tire having the tire tube according to the first aspect of the invention fitted therein is not punctured upon being pierced with nails, does not require periodical adjustment of air pressure, which is necessary for a pneumatic tire, and provides ride quality equivalent to a pneumatic tire owing to the aforementioned factors. Furthermore, an injection machine is not necessary, which is required for the resin injection tube obtained by injecting the solution of a thermosetting urethane elastomer or a thermoplastic elastomer into a hollow air tube with an injection machine. The tire tube according to the first aspect of the invention is in the form of a long member but is not in an annular shape, the tire tube can be fitted to a tire of a bicycle without detachment of the tire from the bicycle. For example, in the case where an air tube of a bicycle is replaced with the tire tube according to the first aspect of the invention, air is released from the air tube, which is then taken out from the rim and the tire outer wall and cut for removing from the tire, and thereafter, the tire tube in the form of a long member is inserted between the rim and the tire outer wall, which are in a state where the tire outer wall is assembled to the rim, thereby fitting the tire tube to the tire.
The invention relates to, as a second aspect, the puncture free tire tube according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the tire tube contains a main body that is fitted under compressive deformation into the tube housing space of the annular tire outer wall, and a rim fitting part that is molded integrally with the main body and is fitted under compressive deformation into an annular space of the rim.
According to the second aspect of the invention, the main body and the rim fitting part constituting the tube are fitted under compressive deformation into the tube housing space of the tire outer wall and the annular space of the rim, respectively, whereby the tire having the tire tube according to the second aspect of the invention has no vacant space in the direction, in which the ground contact pressure is applied, (i.e., the radial direction of the tire). As a result, even in the state where the tire receives the ground contact pressure, the tire tube fitted in the tire substantially does not receive a deformation load that deforms the tube largely, and the extent of contact between the tire tube and the constricted bead of the tire outer wall inside the tire is greatly decreased, thereby enhancing the durability of the tire tube.
The invention relates to, as a third aspect, the puncture free tire tube as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tire tube comprises a main body that is fitted under compressive deformation into the tube housing space of the annular tire outer wall, and a rim fitting part that is fitted under compressive deformation into an annular space of the rim, the main body and the rim fitting part are constituted by separate member, and the rim fitting part has a hardness that is equivalent to or higher than the hardness of the main body.
According to the third aspect of the invention, the main body and the rim fitting part are constituted by separate members, and therefore, the main body can be fitted into the tube housing space of the tire outer wall after fitting the rim fitting part to the annular space of the rim, thereby facilitating the operation of fitting the tire tube to a tire. The hardness of the main body of the tire tube, which inherently determines the ride quality, is set to a value capable of ensuring favorable ride quality, and the hardness of the rim fitting part to be fitted to the annular space of the rim is set to a value that is equivalent to or higher than the hardness of the main body, whereby the hardness of the part that is in contact with the bead of the tire outer wall can be increased to enhance the durability of the tire tube significantly.
The invention relates to, as a fourth aspect, the puncture free tire tube according to one of the first to third aspects of the invention, wherein the elastomer has a shore A hardness of from 15 to 65.
In the fourth aspect of the invention, it is difficult to extrusion-mold the elastomer since it is too soft in the case where the shore A hardness is less than 15, and the ride quality upon fitting the tire tube to the tire is deteriorated in the case where the shore A hardness exceeds 65.
The invention relates to, as a fifth aspect, the puncture free tire tube according to one of the first to fourth aspects of the invention, wherein the elastomer is a foamed elastomer having a foaming factor of 3 or less.
The tire tube according to the fifth aspect of the invention contains an extrusion-molded elastomer having a foaming factor of 3 or less, which enables the use of a foamed elastomer as the elastomer. The tire tube after extrusion molding has inside air bubbles that are independent to each other or partially continuous, thereby decreasing the specific gravity of the elastomer as compared to an unfoamed elastomer. In the method of injecting a thermoplastic elastomer in a molten state into an air tube with an injecting machine, the thermoplastic elastomer is foamed upon melting by heating in the tank, and thus the elastomer is separated into a foamed part and an unfoamed part due to the difference in specific gravity, which disables homogeneous charging of the thermoplastic elastomer in the tube. For attaining homogeneous charging, it is necessary to provide a complicated agitator in the tank, which is not practically employed. According to the fifth aspect of the invention, the specific gravity of the tire tube can be ⅓ at most as compared to the method of injecting a thermoplastic elastomer into an air tube, thereby decreasing greatly the weight of the tube. The term “foaming factor” referred herein means a value obtained by dividing the density of the raw material resin by the density of the foamed body. In the case where the foaming factor exceeds 3, the ride quality may be deteriorated due to poor elasticity of the tube, and the tube may be deteriorated in durability due to its brittleness.
The invention relates to, as a sixth aspect, the puncture free tire tube according to one of the first to fourth aspects of the invention, wherein an outer layer of the tire tube contains an unfoamed elastomer molded, and a remaining inner layer occupying the most part of the tire tube contains a highly foamed elastomer molded.
According to the sixth aspect of the invention, the outer layer of the tire tube, which is in directly contact with the inner surfaces of the tire outer wall and the rim, is molded with an unfoamed elastomer, whereby the tire tube is less abraded even when the tube is in directly contact with the inner surfaces of the tire outer wall and the rim. The inner layer of the tire tube, which occupies the most part of the tire tube, is molded with a highly foamed elastomer having sufficient elasticity, whereby favorable ride quality can be ensured upon using the tire tube in a tire, for example, of a bicycle. Consequently, the tire tube according to the sixth aspect of the invention attains both the two conflicting properties, i.e., the abrasion resistance of the tube and the favorable ride quality upon using the tire tube in a tire, for example, of a bicycle.
The invention relates to, as a seventh aspect, the puncture free tire tube according to one of the first to sixth aspects of the invention, wherein the puncture free tire tube has a pore with a porosity of from 3 to 25% that is continuous in the longitudinal direction of the tire tube on a cross section of the tire tube.
According to the seventh aspect of the invention, a pore having a porosity of from 3 to 25% that is continuous in the longitudinal direction of the tire tube on a cross section of the tire tube is provided, whereby the weight of the tube can be decreased while maintaining the necessary elasticity of the tube. In the case where the tire tube is molded with a foamed elastomer and has the pore, the tube can be decreased in weight by ¼ at most as compared to a tube obtained by injecting a thermoplastic elastomer in a molten state into an air tube with an injection machine. The term “porosity” referred herein means the ratio of the total area of the pore to the total area of the tube including the pore on the extrusion cross section of the tube. In the seventh aspect of the invention, in the case where the porosity exceeds 25%, the tire tube may be deformed excessively upon receiving the ground contact pressure upon using, whereby the ride quality may be deteriorated, and the durability of the tube may be deteriorated due to its brittleness. In the case where the porosity is less than 3%, the effect of decreasing the weight owing to the pore provided inside the tube may not be expected.
The invention relates to, as an eighth aspect, a method for fitting the puncture free tire tube in a linear form according to the first aspect of the invention to a tire, the method containing steps of: cutting an extrusion-molded tire tube long member into a circumferential length at a center of a cross section of a tire outer wall of the tire; inserting one end in the longitudinal direction of the cut tire tube into a tube housing part of the tire outer wall; inserting sequentially the tire tube into the tube housing space of the tire outer wall; and attaching both ends of the tire tube, which is elastically deformed into an annular shape in the tube housing space, to each other, so as to fit the tire tube into the tube housing space of the tire outer wall.
According to the eighth aspect of the invention, the tire tube can be easily fitted to a tire since there is no necessity of the operation of elongating the tube with a large force in the circumferential direction for the tube climbing over the rim immediately before completing the fitting operation, the operation being necessary in the conventional foamed urethane tire tube. In the case where there is a surplus length of the tire tube (i.e., the tire tube is too long) upon attaching the both ends of the tube to each other after once fitting the tire tube into the tire outer wall, the tire tube may be taken out from the tire outer wall and cut into a length corresponding to the surplus length. In the case where the tire tube is too short to form a gap between the both ends of the tube having been fitted into the tube housing space of the tire outer wall, a small piece of the tire tube having a length corresponding to the length of the gap may be cutout from the extrusion-molded tube long member, and may be filled in the gap. In this case, while both the tire tube and the tube small piece are present inside the tire, the boundaries between the tube and the tube small piece (connecting parts) are pressed in the circumferential direction of the tube owing to the elasticity of the tube, thereby totally integrating them. Accordingly, the presence of the tube small piece does not provide any problem on the tire.
The invention relates to, as a ninth aspect, a puncture free tire containing a tire outer wall and the puncture free tire tube according to one of the first to seventh aspects of the invention, the tire tube being cut into a length corresponding to a circumferential length at a center of a cross section of an outer wall of the tire, and being fitted into the tire housing space, and both ends of the tire tube being attached to each other.
According to the ninth aspect of the invention, the tire tube can be easily fitted to a tire as compared to the conventional foamed urethane tube, owing to the advantages that are described for the first aspect of the invention.
The puncture free tire tube of the invention is obtained by cutting the tube long member, which is an extrusion-molded product of an elastomer, into the length corresponding to the circumferential length at the center of the cross section of the tire outer wall, whereby the tire tube is not punctured upon being pierced with nails, does not require periodical adjustment of air pressure, which is necessary for a pneumatic tire, can be easily fitted to tires of various sizes, and can be reused. Furthermore, the tire tube is in a form of a long member but is not in an annular shape, whereby the tire tube can be fitted into the tire outer wall in such a state that the tire outer wall is not detached from a bicycle or the like but is mounted on the rim.
The invention will be described in detail below. A tube C1 according to the invention has a circular cross section that is substantially similar to and slightly larger than a tube housing space 2 formed inside a tire outer wall 1, as shown in
The elastomer preferably has a shore A hardness of from 15 to 65, and more preferably from 20 to 55. In the case where the shore A hardness is 15 or less, the elastomer is too soft and may be difficult to extrude continuously into a shape having a constant cross section in the extrusion direction, and the ride quality may be deteriorated due to the poor elasticity upon fitting into a tire. In the case where the shore A hardness exceeds 65, the elastomer is too hard, i.e., has too large repulsive elasticity, which may deteriorate the ride quality upon fitting into a tire due to too large repellence from the ground.
The tube C1 according to the invention is an extrusion-molded member in the form of a long member that is obtained by cutting a tube long member C0, which is obtained by continuous extrusion-molding an elastomer containing mainly the aforementioned styrene elastomer, to a length corresponding to the size of the tire. Accordingly, the tube can be extruded into a shape having one or plural pores continuous in the longitudinal direction (extrusion direction) by modifying the molding die. The use of the shape having one or plural pores on the cross section of the tube as an extrusion-molded member decreases the weight of the tube while maintaining or substantially not decreasing the elasticity that is essential for the tube. The porosity on the cross section of the tube is preferably from 3 to 25%. In the case where the porosity exceeds 25%, the tube may be deformed excessively upon receiving the ground contact pressure, whereby the ride quality may be deteriorated, and the durability of the tube may be deteriorated due to its brittleness. In the case where the porosity is less than 3%, the effect of decreasing the weight owing to the pore provided inside the tube may not be expected, and the extrusion molding is difficultly performed due to such a phenomenon that the small pores are collapsed by pressure from the periphery after extruding as an intermediate extruded product from a die.
As for the arrangement of the pores (voids) on the cross section of the tube, it is preferred that plural pores having the same shape are arranged on one circumference at a constant interval, rather than one relatively large pore disposed at the center. This is because in the former case, the extent of deformation of the tube with respect to the original shape upon receiving the ground contact pressure is to large to deteriorate the ride quality, whereas in the latter case, the extent of deformation of the tube with respect to the original shape can be suppressed, thereby suppressing the ride quality from being deteriorated on deformation of the tube.
The tube according to the invention is obtained by cutting a tube long member, which is obtained by extrusion-molding an elastomer, to a length corresponding to the size of the tire. Accordingly, the tube can be obtained by extruding a foamed elastomer, thereby decreasing the weight of the tube through selection of the material. In the case where a thermoplastic elastomer in a molten state is injected into an air tube and cured to produce a tire tube, on the other hand, a foamed elastomer cannot be used because of the reasons described in the foregoing. The foaming factor upon using a foamed elastomer is preferably 3 or less. In the case where the foaming factor exceeds 3, the extent of deformation of the tube with respect to the original shape may be too large upon receiving the ground contact pressure, i.e., the tube has poor elasticity, thereby deteriorating the ride quality, and the tube may be deteriorated in durability due to its brittleness.
The tube C1 shown in
The method for fitting the tube C1 into the tube housing space 2 of the tire T1 will be described with reference to
As shown in
In the case where the length of the tube C1, which has been cut out from the tube long member C0 into the length corresponding to the tire size, is deviated from the predetermined length to a shorter or longer side, the deviation can be compensated by the following operations. In the case where the tube C1 is slightly longer than the predetermined length, one end of the tube C1 is cut out to a necessary length. In the case where the tube C1 is shorter than the predetermined length, a gap is formed between the both ends of the tube C1 fitted in the tire outer wall 1. A tube small piece 10 having a length corresponding to the circumferential length of the gap is cut out from the tube long member C0, and the tube small piece 10 is fitted into the gap. According to the operation, the gap is eliminated with the tube small piece 10, and the boundaries between the tube C1 and the small piece 10 (connecting parts) are pressed in the circumferential direction of the tube C1 owing to the elasticity of the tube C1, thereby totally integrating them. Accordingly, the presence of the tube small piece 10 does not provide heterogeneity in elasticity in the circumferential direction of the tire. In
Finally, the side of the tire outer wall 1 having been detached from the rim 3 is fitted on an edge 3a of the rim 3 by using a tool described later (which is not shown in the figures) over the entire circumference. The tube C1 is thus compressed on its cross section, and simultaneously, the tire outer wall 1 is slightly expanded, whereby the beads 1a on both ends of the tire outer wall 1 on its cross section are each firmly engaged with the edges 3a of the rim 3 to fit the tube C1 into the tire T1 (see
The tube is an extrusion-molded article, and therefore, various kinds of tubes having different porosities can be produced by changing the number and the inner diameters of the pores H, which can be attained only by exchanging the shape of the die installed in the extrusion molding machine. For example,
Upon fitting the tubes C1 to C3 in the tire T1, the most part of the tube is fitted in the tube housing space 2 of the tire outer wall 1, but is substantially not fitted in the annular space 5 on the inner side of the rim 3. Upon applying a large ground contact pressure to the tire T1 upon use, the tubes C1 to C3 each receive a load that deforms the tube, whereby the tube is elastically deformed to such a shape that a part of the tube enters in the annular space 5 of the rim 3, and the elastic deformation amount of the tube varies depending on variation of the ground contact pressure. Accordingly, the durability (service life) of the tubes C1 to C3 may be deteriorated due to variation of the deformation load applied to the tubes C1 to C3 upon using the tire T1.
A tube C11 shown in
Upon fitting the tube C11 into the tire T2, the rim fitting part 12 in the form of a long member is firstly fitted into the annular space 5 of the rim 3′, and then the main body 11 is fitted into the tube housing space 2 of the tire outer wall 1. Accordingly, in the state where the tube C11 is fitted in the tire T2 as shown in
A tube C12 shown in
In the tube C12 having the rim fitting part 12′ molded integrally with the main body 11′, the main body 11′ and the rim fitting part 12′ may be differentiated in hardness as in a tube C13 shown in
In the case where the tube according to the invention is molded with a highly foamed elastomer over the entire tube, the tube may be brittle, and the tube may receive an increased stress due to the load with the constricted bead 1a of the tire outer wall 1, thereby deteriorating the durability of the tube. The tube according to the invention may have the following structures for enhancing the durability in consideration of the fact that the tube is in the form of a long member and is extrusion-molded with an elastomer as a raw material.
Typical examples of the application of the tire according to the invention having the tube fitted therein include a bicycle, and also include a wheelchair.
The advantages of the invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples and comparative examples shown below. In all the examples and comparative examples, the tires, to which the tubes are fitted, were bicycle tires having a size (26×1⅜).
It is apparent from comparison between Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 that the shore A hardness of the tube is preferably 65 A or less since when the shore A hardness of the tube exceeds 65 A, the tube is too hard to provide too large repulsive elasticity, which fails to provide favorable ride quality. It is also apparent that in the case where the porosity of the tube is as high as 30%, or the foaming factor of the tube is as high as 3.5, these are not preferred since the tube is reduced in weight but may be deteriorated in elastic restoration property to fail to provide favorable ride quality.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 259321/2008 | Oct 2008 | JP | national |
