Patent Grant
11527377
The invention relates to a quick-release and particularly reliable latch and to a release mechanism and a high-speed grounding switch or a high-speed switch, in particular an on/off switch and circuit breaker, or short-circuiter, in particular for low-voltage, medium-voltage and/or high-voltage applications.
The switching times, that is to say the speed required by a switch, in particular a high-speed grounding switch or short-circuiter, to perform a switching operation following a switching signal, are also closely linked to the release mechanism. The prior art discloses high-speed release mechanisms which are based, like EP 2624272 A1, on chemical propellant charges. These have the disadvantage that a high level of outlay is required if the switch is to be reused. Latches provided by means of ball locks, half-shafts and cages are also known, but these are disadvantageous, in particular, in respect of reliability.
It is the object of the invention, then, to provide a latch, release mechanism and high-speed grounding switch or short-circuiter which releases reliably, at high speed, and can be enhanced by straightforward means so that, once switching operation has already taken place, it can be moved into standby again for renewed switching operation.
The object is achieved by the independent claim(s) and the claims which are dependent thereon.
One exemplary embodiment relates to a latch for low-voltage applications, medium-voltage applications and/or high-voltage applications, having at least the following constituent parts:
the latch is constructed such that a relatively pronounced first force, which acts on the drive rod, is reduced by the connecting element, the lever-arm pair, and the transmission-element pair such that a smaller, second force is sufficient to deflect the locking element such that a movement of the drive rod relative to the rest of the constituent parts is no longer prevented by the locking element or by the locking element and the locking-element counterpart.
The locking element thus prevents a movement of the drive rod in a first end position of the latch. If the locking element is moved out of its locking position by means of a second force, for example by a magnetic actuator, then the locking action of the locking element is thus eliminated and the drive rod, driven by the first force, can move in a predetermined direction.
The first force is generated preferably by a spring or a spring assembly, in particular by cup springs or a cup-spring assembly.
It is preferred if the latch is movable between a first end position and a second end position, and
It is also preferred if one or more of the following components:
are duplicated, that is to say there are two connecting elements arranged parallel to one another and/or two lever-arm pairs arranged parallel to one another and/or two transmission-element pairs arranged parallel to one another. This duplication results in further-improved stability of the construction of the latch and therefore also in increased reliability.
In particular, it is preferred if the duplicated components are arranged symmetrically around one end of the drive rod. This gives rise to additional stabilization of the latch.
It is also preferred if the locking element and the locking-element counterpart are connected to one another in a movable, in particular rotatable, manner at a connecting location, wherein the locking-element counterpart is connected in a rotatable manner to the second transmission element or the first transmission element, and therefore, in the first end position, the locking element and the locking-element counterpart are located in a straightened-out state, in which the latch is prevented from moving into the second end position, and therefore, in the second end position, the locking element and the locking-element counterpart are located in an inflected state, so that, in comparison with the first end position, the connecting location has moved in the direction of the drive rod.
The second force is particularly preferably applied at the connecting location at which the locking element and the locking-element counterpart are connected to one another in a movable manner.
It is also preferred if the locking element and the locking-element counterpart are connected in a movable manner by a rotary pin at the connecting location, the locking-element counterpart is connected in a rotatable manner to the second transmission element or the first transmission element by a pin or a bearing, wherein the connecting location is arranged approximately centrally between the bearing and the locking-element pin.
The second force is also particularly preferably applied at the connecting location at which the locking element and the locking-element counterpart are connected to one another in a movable manner.
It is also preferred if, in the first end position, the locking element is mounted on the locking-element counterpart such that the locking element prevents the latch from moving out of the first end position. Mounted should be understood to mean here, in particular, that the reduced first force pushes the locking element against the locking-element counterpart, that is to say the locking element is supported against the locking-element counterpart, and a movement of the drive rod is thus prevented.
It is particularly preferred if the locking-element counterpart is designed in the form of a roller. This gives rise to the locking element, on the one hand, being supported in a stable manner on the locking-element counterpart but, on the other hand, rolling with low losses over the locking-element counterpart.
In particular, it is preferred if an end of the locking element which is to be supported on the locking-element counterpart has a planar, that is to say rectilinear, or round shape with a first radius and the locking element is supported in a stable manner, in particular in a more stable manner, on the locking-element counterpart in that, in the case of the round shape, the center point of the first radius does not pass through the center point of the rotary pin of the locking element, that is to say the center point of the first radius is not located on a straight line which passes through the center point of the rotary pin of the locking element and the center point of the bearing of the locking-element counterpart; rather, in the first end position, it is offset in relation to said straight line toward the side which is directed away from the drive rod, that is to say there is an offset present, in particular an offset by 0.3 to 1.2 mm or 0.4 to 1.0 mm. The first radius here is preferably greater than a second radius of the locking-element counterpart, in particular with the locking-element counterpart being in the form of a roller.
It is also particularly preferred if the bearing is a needle bearing. Such a needle bearing has a particularly low rolling resistance and nevertheless exhibits preferred long-term stability.
It is also preferred if a locking-element-return device is provided on the locking element such that, when the latch is being transferred from the second end position into the first end position, the locking-element-return device causes the locking element to be returned to its position between the first transmission element and the second transmission element, and therefore a movement of the transmission-element pair is inhibited and the locking element butts against the locking-element counterpart.
It is also preferred if, in a region on the side which, in the first end position, is directed away from the drive rod, the locking element has an indent, which corresponds to part of the outer contour of the locking-element counterpart, or replicates the same.
It is also preferred if
A further exemplary embodiment relates to a release mechanism for a high-speed switch, having a latch according to one or more of the refinements above, wherein a magnetic plunger of a magnetic drive or some other release unit can move the locking element out of the first end position, in which the movement of the transmission-element pair is inhibited.
It is also preferred if, in the first end position, the locking element butts on or against a locking-element stop. The locking-element stop is arranged, in particular, such that it inhibits a movement of the locking element in the direction of the magnetic plunger or of the other release unit beyond the first end position, in which the movement of the transmission-element pair is inhibited, and it thus forms a defined starting position of the locking element in the first end position, in which the movement of the transmission-element pair is inhibited.
It is particularly preferred if the locking-element stop is arranged on the magnetic drive or on one or more housing parts. It is particularly advantageous for the locking-element stop to be arranged on one or more housing parts since this creates a better, defined state for the latch in the first end position, which also makes it easier to fit the latch to form a release mechanism.
It is also preferred if the first transmission element can be mounted, or is mounted, in a rotatable manner on a first housing part via a first fastening pin and the second transmission element can be mounted, or is mounted, in a rotatable manner on a second housing part via a second fastening pin, and the first housing part and the second housing part are fastened in an immovable manner in a housing of the release mechanism or form the housing.
It is also preferred for the housing to be formed in one or more parts.
A further exemplary embodiment relates to a high-speed grounding switch or short-circuiter having a release mechanism according to one or more of the refinements above, wherein the release mechanism is arranged, together with the switch, in a housing and, following switching from the first end position into the second end position, the release mechanism can be restored in a reversible manner into the first end position. Such a high-speed grounding switch or such a short-circuiter has the advantage that they are particularly reliable, long-lasting and have high-speed switching capability.
The invention will be explained in more detail hereinbelow with reference to figures, in which:
In the first end position 12, the drive rod is subjected to a first force 1000, which in this case acts in the direction away from the latch 10.
The drive rod 100 here is also connected, in this case rigidly connected, to a connecting element 110. The connecting element 110 has a first rotary pin 111 and a second rotary pin 112. A first lever arm 120 is connected in a movable, in particular rotatable, manner to the connecting element 110 via the first rotary pin 111 and a second lever arm 125 is connected in a movable, in particular rotatable, manner to the connecting element 110 via the second rotary pin 112. The first lever arm 120 has a first lever-arm rotary pin 121 and the second lever arm 125 has a second lever-arm rotary pin 126.
A first transmission element 130 is connected in a movable, in particular rotatable, manner to the first lever arm 120 via the first lever-arm rotary pin 121 and a second transmission element 135 is connected in a movable, in particular rotatable, manner to the second lever arm 125 via the second lever-arm rotary pin 126.
The first transmission element 130 can be fastened in a rotatable manner on a housing (not shown) via a first fastening pin 131 and the second transmission element 135 can be fastened in a rotatable manner on a housing (not shown) via a second fastening pin 136. With the latch 10 installed, the movement of the first transmission element 130 and of the second transmission element 135 therefore takes place about the first fastening pin 131 at the first transmission element 130 and about the second fastening pin 136 at the second transmission element 135.
Furthermore, the first transmission element 130 is connected in a movable manner to a locking element 150 via a locking-element rotary pin. The second transmission element 135 is connected in a movable manner to a locking-element counterpart 140 via a bearing 141.
In the first end position 12 shown, the locking element 150 butts against the locking-element counterpart 140 such that it prevents a movement of the first transmission element 130 about the first fastening pin 131 and of the second transmission element 135 about the second fastening pin 136, at any rate a movement which can be brought about by the direction of action of the first force 1000. The locking-element counterpart 140 is formed here by a roller. During transfer from the second end position 14 into the first end position 12, the locking-element-return device 200, realized here by a spring, which in this case has been wound at least once around the locking-element rotary pin 151, causes the locking element 150 to be pushed back again into the locking position between the first transmission element 130 and the second transmission element 135.
At an end of the locking element 150 which is to be supported on the locking-element counterpart 140, the locking element 150 has a planar, that is to say rectilinear, or round shape, also referred to hereinbelow as contour 153, with a first radius and the locking element 150 is supported in a stable manner, in particular in a more stable manner, on the locking-element counterpart 140 in that, in the case of the contour 153 at one end of the locking element 150, the center point of the first radius does not pass through the center point of the locking-element rotary pin 151, that is to say the center point of the first radius is not located on a straight line 154 which passes through the center point of the locking-element rotary pin 151 and the center point of the bearing 141 of the locking-element counterpart 140; rather, in the first end position 12, it is offset in relation to said straight line 154 toward the side which is directed away from the drive rod, that is to say there is an offset 155 present, in particular an offset by 0.3 to 1.2 mm or 0.4 to 1.0 mm. The first radius here is preferably greater than a second radius of the locking-element counterpart 140, in particular with the locking-element counterpart 140 being in the form of a roller. As a result, the locking element 150 is always moved into a secure, latched state in the first end position 12 and, at the same time, relatively easy release, that is to say deflection of the locking element 150 out of the first end position, is made possible.
Furthermore in the optional refinement shown, in the region on the side which, in the first end position 12, is directed away from the drive rod 100, the locking element 150 has an indent 152, which corresponds to part of the outer contour of the locking-element counterpart 140, or replicates the same. The notch 152 therefore corresponds to an inverse form of part of the outer contour of the locking-element counterpart 140.
On that side of the locking element 150 which, in the first end position 12, is opposite to the drive rod, a magnetic drive 350 is arranged such that, in the case of the release mechanism 1 being released, the magnetic plunger 300 moves the locking element 150 out of the locking state of the first end position 12 by way of a second force 2000, and therefore the first force 1000, which acts on the drive rod 100 and by means of which the drive rod 100 can be moved in the direction of the first force 1000, transfers the latch 10 into the second end position 14.
Moreover,
In the second end position 14, a first force 1000′ acts on the drive rod 100. The first force 1000, which is shown in
In contrast to
The drive rod 100 here is also connected, in this case rigidly connected, to a connecting element 110. The connecting element 110 has a first rotary pin 111 and a second rotary pin 112. A first lever arm 120 is connected in a movable, in particular rotatable, manner to the connecting element 110 via the first rotary pin 111 and a second lever arm 125 is connected in a movable, in particular rotatable, manner to the connecting element 110 via the second rotary pin 112. The first lever arm 120 has a first lever-arm rotary pin 121 and the second lever arm 125 has a second lever-arm rotary pin 126.
A first transmission element 130 is connected in a movable, in particular rotatable, manner to the first lever arm 120 via the first lever-arm rotary pin 121 and a second transmission element 135 is connected in a movable, in particular rotatable, manner to the second lever arm 125 via the second lever-arm rotary pin 126.
The first transmission element 130 is fastened in a rotatable manner on the housing part 410 via a first fastening pin 131 and the second transmission element 135 is fastened in a rotatable manner on the housing part 410 via a second fastening pin 136. With the latch 10 installed, the movement of the first transmission element 130 and of the second transmission element 135 therefore takes place about the first fastening pin 131 on the first transmission element 130 and about the second fastening pin 136 on the second transmission element 135.
Furthermore, the first transmission element 130 is connected in a movable manner to a locking element 150 via a locking-element rotary pin. The second transmission element 135 is connected in a movable manner to a locking-element counterpart 140 via a bearing 141.
In the second end position 14 shown, the locking element 150 does not butt against the locking-element counterpart 140; rather, it has rolled over the locking-element counterpart 140, the locking-element counterpart 140 being configured here in the form of a roller.
In the second end position 14, the locking-element-return device 200 acts on the locking element 150, realized here by a spring, which in this case has been wound at least once around the locking-element rotary pin 151, such that the locking element 150 is pushed back again into the locking position between the first transmission element 130 and the second transmission element 135 when the latch is transferred again into the first end position 12 from
At an end of the locking element 150 which is to be supported on the locking-element counterpart 140, the locking element 150 has a planar, that is to say rectilinear, or round shape, also referred to hereinbelow as contour 153, with a first radius and the locking element 150 is supported in a stable manner, in particular in a more stable manner, on the locking-element counterpart 140 in that, in the case of the contour 153 at one end of the locking element 150, the center point of the first radius does not pass through the center point of the locking-element rotary pin 151, that is to say the center point of the first radius is not located on a straight line 154 which passes through the center point of the locking-element rotary pin 151 and the center point of the bearing 141 of the locking-element counterpart 140; rather, in the first end position 12, it is offset in relation to said straight line 154 toward the side which is directed away from the drive rod, that is to say there is an offset 155 present, in particular an offset by 0.3 to 1.2 mm or 0.4 to 1.0 mm. The first radius here is preferably greater than a second radius of the locking-element counterpart 140, in particular with the locking-element counterpart 140 being in the form of a roller. As a result, the locking element 150 is always moved into a secure, latched state in the first end position 12 and, at the same time, relatively easy release, that is to say deflection of the locking element 150 out of the first end position, is made possible.
Furthermore in the optional refinement shown, in the region on the side which, in the first end position 12, is directed away from the drive rod 100, the locking element 150 has an indent 152, which corresponds to part of the outer contour of the locking-element counterpart 140, or replicates the same. The notch 152 therefore corresponds to an inverse form of part of the outer contour of the locking-element counterpart 140. In the second end position 14 shown, the locking-element counterpart 140 butts partially or wholly against the indent 152 and therefore makes possible a space-optimized construction and a more stable second end position 14.
Both in
In contrast to
In the case of the exemplary construction of
The connecting element 110 has a first rotary pin 111 and a second rotary pin 112. A first lever arm 120 is connected in a movable, in particular rotatable, manner to the connecting element 110 via the first rotary pin 111 and a second lever arm 125 is connected in a movable, in particular rotatable, manner to the connecting element 110 via the second rotary pin 112. The first lever arm 120 has a first lever-arm rotary pin 121 and the second lever arm 125 has a second lever-arm rotary pin 126.
A first transmission element 130 is connected in a movable, in particular rotatable, manner to the first lever arm 120 via the first lever-arm rotary pin 121 and a second transmission element 135 is connected in a movable, in particular rotatable, manner to the second lever arm 125 via the second lever-arm rotary pin 126.
The first transmission element 130 can be fastened in a rotatable manner on a housing (not shown) via a first fastening pin 131 and the second transmission element 135 can be fastened in a rotatable manner on a housing (not shown) via a second fastening pin 136. With the latch 10 installed, the movement of the first transmission element 130 and of the second transmission element 135 therefore takes place about the first fastening pin 131 at the first transmission element 130 and about the second fastening pin 136 at the second transmission element 135.
On the second transmission element 135, the locking element 150 is arranged in a movable, in particular rotatable, manner on the locking-element rotary pin 151. The locking element 150 is connected once again in a movable, in particular rotatable, manner to the locking-element counterpart 140 at the connecting location 142, wherein the locking-element counterpart 140 here is elongate. The locking-element counterpart 140, for its part, is connected in a movable, in particular rotatable, manner to the first transmission element 130 via the bearing 141. In the first end position 12 shown here, the connecting location 142 and/or the locking element 150 and/or the locking-element counterpart 140 are/is located on the magnetic plunger 300 of the magnetic drive.
In the case of the exemplary construction of
The connecting element 110 has a first rotary pin 111 and a second rotary pin 112. A first lever arm 120 is connected in a movable, in particular rotatable, manner to the connecting element 110 via the first rotary pin 111 and a second lever arm 125 is connected in a movable, in particular rotatable, manner to the connecting element 110 via the second rotary pin 112. The first lever arm 120 has a first lever-arm rotary pin 121 and the second lever arm 125 has a second lever-arm rotary pin 126.
A first transmission element 130 is connected in a movable, in particular rotatable, manner to the first lever arm 120 via the first lever-arm rotary pin 121 and a second transmission element 135 is connected in a movable, in particular rotatable, manner to the second lever arm 125 via the second lever-arm rotary pin 126.
The first transmission element 130 can be fastened in a rotatable manner on a housing (not shown) via a first fastening pin 131 and the second transmission element 135 can be fastened in a rotatable manner on a housing (not shown) via a second fastening pin 136. With the latch 10 installed, the movement of the first transmission element 130 and of the second transmission element 135 therefore takes place about the first fastening pin 131 at the first transmission element 130 and about the second fastening pin 136 at the second transmission element 135.
On the second transmission element 135, the locking element 150 is arranged in a movable, in particular rotatable, manner on the locking-element rotary pin 151. The locking element 150 is connected once again in a movable, in particular rotatable, manner to the locking-element counterpart 140 at the connecting location 142, wherein the locking-element counterpart 140 here is elongate. The locking-element counterpart 140, for its part, is connected in a movable, in particular rotatable, manner to the first transmission element 130 via the bearing 141.
In the second end position 14 shown here, following a release movement of the magnetic plunger 300, the connecting location 142 along with the locking element 150 and the locking-element counterpart 140 has become detached from the magnetic plunger 300 of the magnetic drive 350 and moves away from the magnetic plunger 300 as a result of the second force 2000, which is shown in
The drive rod 100 here is connected to a cup-spring assembly 105 for the purpose of generating the first force 1000 (not shown here), see
The drive rod 100 is connected to connecting elements 110, 110′, that is to say duplicated connecting elements which are located opposite one another at one end of the drive rod. A first lever arm 120 (not visible here) is connected in a rotatable manner to the connecting elements 110, 110′ via the first rotary pin 111 (not visible here) and a second lever arm 125 is connected in a rotatable manner to the connecting elements 110, 110′ via the second rotary pin 112 (not visible here).
The first lever arm 120 and the second lever arm 125 are each arranged here, by way of example, between the two connecting elements 110, 110′.
The first lever arm 120 is connected in a rotatable manner to the two first transmission elements 130, 130′ via a first lever-arm rotary pin 121, wherein the first lever arm 120 is arranged between the two first transmission elements 130, 130′.
The second lever arm 125 is connected in a rotatable manner to the two second transmission elements 135, 135′ via a second lever-arm rotary pin 126, wherein the second lever arm 125 is arranged between the two second transmission elements 135, 135′.
Although not shown here, it is possible for the two first transmission elements 130, 130′ to be fastened in a rotatable manner on a housing via the first fastening pin 131 and for the two second transmission elements 135, 135′ to be fastened in a rotatable manner on a housing via the second fastening pin 136.
On the two second transmission elements 135, 135′, two locking elements 150, 150′ are arranged in a rotatably connected manner between the two second transmission elements 135, 135′ via a locking-element rotary pin 151.
On the two first transmission elements 130, 130′, two locking-element counterparts 140, 140′ are arranged in a rotatably connected manner between the two first transmission elements 130, 130′ via a bearing 141, in this case designed in the form of a pin.
The two locking elements 150, 150′ are connected in a rotatable manner to the two locking-element counterparts 140, 140′ at a connecting location 142, in this case designed in the form of a pin.
Although not shown here, it is also possible, as an option, for the lever-arm pair 120, 125 to be duplicated.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 102018216210.7 | Sep 2018 | DE | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2019/073387 | 9/3/2019 | WO |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO2020/064273 | 4/2/2020 | WO | A |
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| 2557276 | Nov 1976 | DE |
| 102012111391 | May 2014 | DE |
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| 2624272 | Aug 2013 | EP |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20220005660 A1 | Jan 2022 | US |
