Patent Grant
10260184
This invention relates to quilting, and particularly, to high-speed quilting machines.
Quilting is a sewing process by which layers of textile material and/or other fabrics are joined to produce compressible panels that may be both decorative and functional. The manufacture of certain products, such as mattress covers, involves the application of large-scale quilting processes. These large-scale quilting processes typically use high-speed multi-needle quilting machines to form a series of cover panels along webs of the multiple-layered materials. Large-scale quilting processes typically use chain-stitch sewing heads that produce resilient stitch chains which are supplied by large spools of thread.
For quilting patterns that are not continuous, when the quilter finishes one pattern, the quilt is moved relative to the sewing heads to place the stitch forming elements in the starting position of the new pattern. To avoid having loose threads strung between the end of the previous pattern and the beginning of the new pattern, which would require manual trimming, the needle and/or looper threads may be cut after the previous pattern has been stitched. However, cutting the threads also increases the likelihood that the needle and/or looper will become unthreaded.
When the thread is cut, there should be sufficient thread length remaining to prevent unthreading of the needle and/or looper, but not so much thread length that a tail of thread is left sticking out from the finished quilt. If the thread is too short, the needle or looper may become unthreaded, forcing a shutdown of the quilting machine until it can be rethreaded. Conversely, if the thread is too long, the resulting quilt may require manual trimming before it can be used. If the looper thread has insufficient length, the needle thread may also have difficulties picking up the looper thread at the start of the next pattern, thereby causing missed stitches.
Thus, improved methods, apparatuses, and computer program products are needed for producing quilted products that allow threads to be cut between patterns without the sewing head becoming unthreaded or a defective quilt being produced due to missed stitches at the start of the next pattern.
In an embodiment of the invention, a quilting machine is provided. The quilting machine includes a looper from which thread is provided to form stitches in a web, and an adjuster having a plurality of selectable positions including a first position, a second position, and a third position between the first position and the second position. The adjuster is configured to, when moved from the first position to the second position, capture the thread at a point between the looper and a last formed stitch in the web, and pull a predetermined amount of thread from the looper.
In another embodiment of the invention, a method of quilting the web is provided. The method includes providing the thread from the looper to form stitches in the web, and moving the adjuster from the first position to the second position, wherein the movement of the adjuster from the first position to the second position captures the thread at the point between the looper and the last formed stitch in the web and pulls the predetermined amount of thread from the looper. The method further includes moving the adjuster from the second position to the first position to release a tail of the thread that extends from the looper, and subsequent to moving the adjuster from the second position to the first position, moving the adjuster from the first position to the third position between the first position and the second position.
In another embodiment of the invention, a computer program product is provided for quilting webs that includes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The storage medium includes program code that is configured, when executed by one or more processors, to cause the quilting machine to provide the thread from the looper to form stitches in the web and move the adjuster from the first position to the second position, wherein the movement of the adjuster from the first position to the second position captures the thread at the point between the looper and the last formed stitch in the web and pulls the predetermined amount of thread from the looper. The program code further causes the quilting machine to move the adjuster from the second position to the first position to release the tail of the thread, and, subsequent to moving the adjuster from the second position to the first position, move the adjuster from the first position to the third position between the first position and the second position.
The above summary may present a simplified overview of some embodiments of the invention to provide a basic understanding of certain aspects of the invention discussed herein. The summary is not intended to provide an extensive overview of the invention, nor is it intended to identify any key or critical elements, or delineate the scope of the invention. The sole purpose of the summary is merely to present some concepts in a simplified form as an introduction to the detailed description presented below.
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate various embodiments of the invention and, together with the general description of the invention given above, and the detailed description of the embodiments given below, serve to explain the embodiments of the invention.
Embodiments of the invention may be implemented on a single or multi-needle quilting machine. Each sewing head of the quilting machine includes a looper assembly. The looper assembly includes a cutter (e.g., a retainer having a cutting edge), a looper having an eye from which looper thread is provided to form chain stitches, and an adjuster assembly. The adjuster assembly is configured to, in response to activation by a controller of the quilting machine, extend an adjuster toward the looper thread at a point between the eye of the looper and where the looper thread crosses the retainer. In response to the adjuster being moved (e.g., retracted or extended, as the case may be), the looper thread is pulled away from the looper, thereby drawing a predetermined amount of thread from the looper. The adjuster assembly thereby provides a controlled length of thread between the looper and the cutter. This length of thread provides a tail of sufficient length to reduce the likelihood that the looper will become unthreaded after the looper thread has been cut. The looper assembly may also include an air nozzle that provides air to the looper to assist the release of the thread from the adjuster after the thread has been cut, and/or to position the thread for starting the next pattern.
In another aspect of the invention, each of the needle and looper assemblies may include a thread tensioner and a thread tension monitor having a lift arm. The thread tension monitor may be configured to monitor the tension in the respective needle or looper thread and generate a signal that shuts down the quilting machine in response to detecting a loss of tension. The lift arm may be activated by the controller to disable the thread tension monitor so that a loss of tension in a sewing head does not shut down the quilting machine. The needle assemblies may also include a thread clamp that clamps the needle thread in response to a signal from the controller, thereby enabling the controller to increase tension on each needle assembly independently of the tension provided by the tensioner. The lift arm and thread clamp may facilitate deactivation of one or more sewing heads by the controller. The controller may deactivate the one or more sewing heads, for example, when the quilting machine is used to quilt a pattern that does not require use of the deactivated sewing heads.
The input end 14 of machine 10 may include one or more entry rollers 26-29 configured to receive the web 18. The entry rollers 26-29 may comprise idler rollers that direct the web 18 to a set of upstream drive rollers 30-33. The upstream drive rollers 30-33 are configured to pull the web into the input end 14 of machine 10 and provide the web 18 to a sewing area. A set of downstream drive rollers 34-38 located at the output end 16 of machine 10 pull the web 18 through the sewing area and discharge the quilted web 18 into a take-up station 40. Each of the rollers 26-38 may be rotatably mounted to a carriage 42 that is configured to move laterally relative to the frame 12 of machine 10 in response to signals from a controller 44. The controller 44 can control the lateral position of the web 18 in the sewing area by adjusting the position of the carriage 42.
The web 18 passes between a presser plate 46 and a needle plate 48 that define a quilting plane 50 in the sewing area between the upstream drive rollers 30-33 and downstream drive rollers 29-38. The drive rollers 30-38 may operate cooperatively to provide tension to and position the portion of the web 18 between the presser and needle plates 46, 48. To this end, the drive rollers 30-38 may be linked to drive motors and/or brakes responsive to signals from the controller 44. The controller 44 may control both the movement and tension of the web 18 through the machine 10, particularly in the quilting plane 50, to position the web 18 both longitudinally and laterally within a quilting plane 50 using the drive rollers 30-38 and by adjusting the position of the carriage 42.
The location and movement of the components of machine 10 may be described using a coordinate system 52 that includes an x-axis 54, a y-axis 56, and a z-axis 58. The x-axis 54 of coordinate system 52 is aligned with the quilting plane 50 in a direction generally parallel to the longitudinal movement of the web 18 between the presser and needle plates 46, 48. The y-axis 56 of coordinate system 52 is aligned with the quilting plane 50 in a direction perpendicular to the x-axis 54 and parallel to the transverse movement of the web 18 provided by lateral movement of the carriage 42. The z-axis 58 of coordinate system 52 is perpendicular to both the x-axis 54 and the y-axis 56, and is normal to the quilting plane 50.
One or more needle assemblies 60 and looper assemblies 62 may be mounted to a common support structure 64 that couples the assemblies 60, 62 to the frame 12. The support structure 64 locates each needle assembly 60 on a needle facing side of presser plate 46, and locates each looper assembly 62 on a looper facing side of needle plate 48. Each of the needle assemblies 60 is provided with thread from a respective needle thread spool 66, and each of the looper assemblies 62 is provided with thread from respective looper thread spool 68. Each needle assembly 60 is located opposite a corresponding looper assembly 62 to form a sewing head 70. The needle and looper assemblies 60, 62 of each sewing head 70 may be configured to work cooperatively to form a series of double lock chain stitches in the web 18 using the thread provided by the needle and looper thread spools 66, 68.
In an embodiment of the invention, a plurality of sewing heads 70 are mounted to the support structure 64 in one or more rows (e.g., two rows), with each row including a number of sewing heads 70 (e.g., seven or eight) spaced laterally along the row. The lateral spacing in each row may be selected so that each sewing head 70 is offset from its neighboring sewing head along the y-axis 56 by a fixed distance d1 (e.g., 12 inches) corresponding to twice the minimum distance between quilted patterns that can be produced by the machine 10. In addition, the sewing heads 70 in adjacent rows may be offset from each other along the y-axis 56 by another fixed distance d2 (e.g., 6 inches) corresponding to the minimum distance between quilted patterns that can be produced by the machine 10. The rows of sewing heads 70 may be arranged longitudinally so that each row is offset from its neighboring rows along the x-axis 54 by the fixed distance d2. This spacing may enable the machine 10 to simultaneously produce patterns having the minimum spacing by synchronous operation of the sewing heads 70.
The rollers 26-38 and carriage 42 may be configured to provide bi-directional movement of the web 18 relative to the sewing heads 70 in both the x-axis 54 and y-axis 56. In operation, the controller 44 may cause the machine 10 to sequentially move the web 18 back and forth in both the longitudinal (x-axis 54) and transverse (y-axis 56) directions relative to the sewing heads 70 to quilt 360-degree patterns on the web 18. Material accumulators may be used to facilitate moving the portion of the web 18 passing between the presser plate 46 and needle plate 48 in forward and reverse directions by the drive rollers 30-38 without changing the direction of the entire length of the web 18. With this structure, the controller 44 can move the web 18 longitudinally in a forward or reverse direction using the drive rollers 30-38, back and forth transversely by moving the carriage 42, and selectively switch individual sewing heads 70 on and off in various combinations and sequences of combinations to stitch a variety of quilting patterns.
Although movement of the sewing head 70 relative to the web 18 is described herein as being accomplished by holding the sewing heads 70 stationary and moving the web 18 relative to the frame 12, it should be understood this relative movement could also be obtained by moving the sewing heads 70 relative to the frame 12 while holding the web 18 stationary, or by a combination of movements of the sewing heads 70 and web 18 relative to the frame 12 of machine 10. Thus, embodiments of the invention are not limited to machines 10 in which the sewing heads 70 are held stationary while the web 18 moves relative to the frame 12.
Each of the needle assemblies 60 receives thread from its corresponding needle thread spool 66 through a needle thread handler 82. The needle plate 48 supports the web 18 as patterns are stitched on the web 18 to form a quilt. The presser plate 46 and needle plate 48 each include a plurality of respective needle holes 84, 86 that are aligned vertically to allow the needle 72 to pass through the web 18 and extend below the needle plate 48. The presser plate 46 may be moved toward the needle plate 48, thereby pressing the web 18 against the needle plate 48 to hold the web 18 as the needle 72 is extended through the web 18, and be moved up to facillitate movement of the web 18.
The looper assembly 62 of each sewing head 70 is positioned beneath the corresponding needle assembly 60. Each looper assembly 62 includes the looper 76, an adjuster assembly 88, and a retainer 90 (
Referring now to
The needle drive 100 includes a coupling device 104, an output pulley 106, an idler pulley 108, a crank pulley 110, a connecting rod 112, a reciprocating shaft 114, and a timing belt 116. The coupling device 104 may include a clutch or other mechanism that is configured to selectively engage and disengage the output pulley 106 with the drive system 24 in response to signals from the controller 44. The coupling device 104 may thereby enable the controller 44 to independently activate and deactivate operation of each needle assembly 60. Exemplary coupling devices for use in quilting machines are described in more detail in U.S. Pat. No. 7,143,705.
The output pulley 106 is coupled to the crank pulley 110 by the timing belt 116, which drives the crank pulley 110 in response to rotation of the output pulley 106. The idler pulley 108 provides tension to the timing belt 116 to maintain the timing belt 116 in positive engagement with the output pulley 106 and crank pulley 110.
The crank pulley 110 includes a pin 118 offset radially from the crank pulley's center of rotation that is rotatably connected to a proximal end 120 of connecting rod 112. A distal end 122 of connecting rod 112 is rotatably connected to a pin 124 extending from the reciprocating shaft 114, which is an extension of or otherwise coupled to the needle holder 102. The needle drive 100 is thereby configured to reciprocate the needle holder 102 in a generally linear path perpendicular to the quilting plane 50 in response to rotation of the output pulley 106. To reduce variations in the tension on a needle thread 126 as the needle 72 is reciprocated up and down to form stitches, the reciprocating shaft 114 may include a thread guide 128 through which the thread 126 passes on the way to needle 72 from the needle thread handler 82.
The needle thread handler 82 includes a thread clamp 130, a thread tensioner 132, and a thread tension monitor 134. The thread clamp 130 includes an input thread guide 136, a clamping mechanism 138, and an output thread guide 140. The clamping mechanism 138 may include a reciprocating member 142 coupled to an actuator 144, and a stationary member 146. The reciprocating member 142 includes a clamping surface 148 that faces and is generally parallel to a corresponding clamping surface 150 of the stationary member 146. The input thread guide 136 is configured to receive the needle thread 126 from needle thread spool 66, and operates in cooperation with the output thread guide 140 to locate the needle thread 126 between the clamping surfaces 148, 150 of the reciprocating and stationary members 142, 146.
The actuator 144 of clamping mechanism 138 is configured to selectively position the reciprocating member 142 in a retracted position or an extended position. When the reciprocating member 142 is in the retracted position, a gap may exist between the clamping surface 148 of reciprocating member 142 and the clamping surface 150 of stationary member 146. When the reciprocating member 142 is in the extended position, the gap between the clamping surfaces 148, 150 may be reduced, thereby compressing the needle thread 126 between the clamping surfaces 148, 150 with sufficient force to prevent the needle thread from moving freely through the thread clamp 130.
The position of one or more of the reciprocating and stationary members 142, 146 of clamping mechanism 138 may be adjustable, e.g., by using a threaded nut to adjust the position of the reciprocating member 142 relative to the actuator 144 and/or the position of the stationary member 146 relative to sub-frame 98. This adjustability of the clamping mechanism 138 may enable an operator to set the size of the gap and/or the clamping pressure of the clamping mechanism 138 to a desired value.
The thread tensioner 132 may include an actuator 152, an elastic member 154, a stationary member 156, and a movable member 158. The stationary and movable members 156, 158 include mutually opposed friction surfaces 160, 162. The movable member 158 may be coupled to a guide rod 164 that is in turn coupled to the elastic member 154 by a keeper 166. The keeper 166 may include a knurled nut or other suitable fastener that is attached to a distal end of the guide rod 164, and provides a surface against which the elastic member 154 presses when compressed. The tension provided by the elastic member 154 may be set by adjusting the position of the keeper 166 on the guide rod 164. For example, for embodiments including the knurled nut, the distal end of guide rod 164 may be threaded, and the position of the keeper 166 may be adjusted by rotating the knurled nut relative to the threaded end until the desired tension is achieved. A jam nut may then be tightened against the knurled nut to lock the keeper 166 in position.
The elastic member 154 may comprise a spring that is coaxially located about the guide rod 164 and configured to urge the movable member 158 toward the stationary member 156. The needle thread 126 is located by one or more thread guides 168, 170 that align the needle thread 126 between the friction surfaces 160, 162. When urged into contact by the elastic member 154, the friction surfaces 160, 162 apply friction to the needle thread 126 that generates tension as the thread is drawn downstream from the thread tensioner 132 to the needle 72. In response to activation by the controller 44, the actuator 152 applies force to the guide rod 164 that reduces the tension provided by the elastic member 154 (e.g., by moving the keeper 166 away from the movable member 158), which in turn may reduce tension on the needle thread 126. The thread tensioner 132 may be adjustable to control the tension on the needle thread 126, for example, by adjusting the position of the keeper 166 so that the elastic member 156 applies varying amounts of pressure on the movable member 158.
The needle thread tensioner 132 may provide a desired thread tension in an active state, and minimal or no tension in an inactive state. The controller 44 may cycle the needle thread tensioner 132 between the active and inactive states through activation of the actuator 152 by, for example, selectively applying pneumatic pressure to the actuator 152 to switch between a tension state during which the set tension is applied to the needle thread 126, and a release state during which no tension or minimum tension is applied to needle thread 126.
The thread tension monitor 134 includes one or more (e.g., three) fixed thread guides 172-174 that define a travel path 176 for the needle thread 126, a drop wire 178 coupled to a switch and having an eyelet 180, and a lift arm 182 coupled to an actuator 184. In operation, the needle thread 126 may be threaded through the fixed thread guides 172-174 of thread tension monitor 134 and the eyelet 180 of drop wire 178. When the needle thread 126 is under tension, the thread urges the eyelet 180 to remain generally within or proximate to the travel path 176 defined by the fixed thread guides 172-174, e.g., between thread guides 172, 173. The drop wire 178 may be biased (e.g., by gravity) to pivot in a direction that would move the eyelet 180 out of the travel path 176 absent tension from the needle thread 126. In response to the drop wire 178 pivoting beyond a predetermined angle indicative of a loss of tension in the needle thread 126, the switch may change from a state indicative of sufficient tension (e.g., an open state) to a state indicative of a lack of sufficient tension (e.g., a closed state). A lack of tension on the needle thread 126 may indicate the thread has come loose from the needle 72, broken, or run out. Thus, the machine 10 may be configured to halt operation in response to detecting the change of state in the switch indicating the lack of sufficient tension on the needle thread 126.
The lift arm 182 and actuator 184 are configured so that when the sewing head 70 is operational, the lift arm 182 is normally held in a position that does not obstruct the pivoting movement of the drop wire 178. In this condition, a loss of tension on the needle thread 126 allows the drop wire 178 to pivot out of the travel path 176 and trip the switch. If a pattern is being quilted that does not require the use of all the sewing heads 70 of machine 10, the unneeded sewing heads 70 may be taken off line. In this scenario, the controller 44 may cause the actuator 184 to position the lift arm 182 on the off-line sewing heads 70 so that the lift arm 182 obstructs the pivoting movement of the drop wire 178. In this condition, a lack of tension on the needle thread 126 will not cause the drop wire 178 to pivot out of the travel path 176 due to the lift arm obstructing the pivoting movement of the drop wire 178. The actuated lift arm 182 may thereby prevent an inadvertent shutdown of the machine 10 in the event the needle thread 126 of an inactive sewing head 70 comes loose or during periods of operation when the tension on the needle thread 126 is purposefully low.
The looper 76 further includes a hook 192 having a tip 194 at a forward end thereof, and a base 196 at a rearward end thereof from which the hook 192 extends. The hook 192 includes a longitudinal bore or channel that connects an opening 198 at the back or rearward side of the looper 76 with an opening or eye 200 (
The base 196 of looper 76 may include a hole configured to receive the needle guard 186 and a set screw 204 that secures the needle guard 186 within the hole. The base 196 of looper 76 may be secured to the looper holder 188 by a peg (not shown) that extends from the bottom of the base 196 for insertion into a hole in the looper holder 188. Set screws 205, 206 may be used to secure the base 196 of looper 76 to the looper holder 188. The set screws 204-206 may enable the positions of the base 196 of looper 76 and/or needle guard 186 to be adjusted so that the looper 76 and/or needle guard 186 have a proper orientation with respect to the needle 72.
The adjuster assembly 88 includes an adjuster 210, a base 212 having a channel 214, a linkage 216, and an actuator 218. The actuator 218 may include a reciprocating member 219 that is coupled to the linkage 216 by a coupler 221, and a forcing mechanism 223. The forcing mechanism 223 may include a solenoid, pneumatic cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, or the like, that is configured to selectively apply force to the reciprocating member 219. Embodiments in which the forcing mechanism 223 is a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder may also include one or more (e.g., two) ports 225 that are fluidically coupled to the cylinder.
The adjuster 210 may comprise a strip of sheet metal having a catch 220 (e.g., a hook) at a forward end of the strip and a post 222 that projects from a rearward end of the strip. When extended, the catch 220 may be configured to engage the looper thread 202 so that upon retraction of the adjuster 210, the catch 220 pulls a predetermined amount of looper thread 202 from the eye 200 of looper 76.
The linkage 216 may comprise a generally L-shaped member having two arms 224, 226 that meet at an angle (e.g., a right angle) to form an apex 228. The linkage 216 may be pivotally mounted to the base 212 proximate to apex 228 by a fastener 229, and includes a slot 230 in the end of arm 224 and a slot (not shown) in the end of arm 226. The fastener 229 may include a head 231 that projects generally outward from the apex 228 of linkage 216.
The actuator 218 may have one or more activation states that urge the reciprocating member 219 into one or more selectable positions, e.g., an extended position, a retracted position, and/or one or more intermediate positions. The actuator 218 may also have an inactive or neutral state in which the reciprocating member 219 can be moved between the extended and retracted positions, for example, in response to urging from something other than the forcing mechanism 223.
By way of example, actuator 218 may be a double-acting actuator in which the forcing mechanism 223 is configured to selectively apply force to the reciprocating member 219 in either a pushing or pulling direction. This selectively applied force may urge the reciprocating member 219 into the extended position or the retracted position when the actuator 218 is in a respective one of two activation states, e.g., an extended state or a retracted state. The double-acting actuator 218 may also include the neutral state, during which the forcing mechanism 223 does not actively apply force to the reciprocating member 219.
In an embodiment of the invention, forcing mechanism 223 may include a transducer (e.g., one or more of a piston, diaphragm, magnet, electric coil, etc.) that moves in response to a stimulus, such as pressure from a fluid, application of an electric current, or some other suitable stimulus. For embodiments using fluids, the extended state may be activated by providing a pressurized fluid (e.g., compressed air) to one port 225 that couples the pressurized fluid to a side of the transducer opposite the reciprocating member 219, and allowing fluid to escape from another port 225 that is coupled a side of the transducer facing the reciprocating member 219. The forcing mechanism 223 may thereby be caused to extend the reciprocating member 219 outward from the actuator 218 by the application of the pressurized fluid. The retracted state may be activated by providing the pressurized fluid to the port 225 that couples the pressurized fluid to the side of the transducer facing the reciprocating member 219, and allowing fluid to escape from the port 225 that is coupled the side of the transducer opposite the reciprocating member 219. The forcing mechanism 223 may thereby be caused to retract the reciprocating member 219 inward toward the actuator 218 by the application of the pressurized fluid. The neutral state may be entered by allowing fluid to escape and/or enter both ports 225 of the forcing mechanism 223, e.g., by coupling each port 225 to atmospheric pressure. Putting the actuator 218 into the neutral state may thereby allow reciprocating member 219 to move with relatively little resistance from the forcing mechanism 223.
For embodiments using electric currents to activate the actuator 218, the extended state may be activated by providing an electric current to the transducer in a direction that causes the forcing mechanism 225 to extend the reciprocating member 219, the retracted state may be activated by providing the electric current to the transducer in a direction that causes the forcing mechanism 225 to retract the reciprocating member 219, and the neutral state may be entered when current is not applied to the transducer, e.g., when the input to the forcing mechanism 223 is open circuited.
The controller 44 may selectively provide the pressurized fluid to and/or allow fluid to escape from the ports 225 by transmitting one or more signals to one or more valves. In response to receiving the signals, the one or more valves may selectively couple the ports 225 to a source of the pressurized fluid and/or allow fluid to escape/enter the ports 225, e.g., by coupling the selected port 225 to the atmosphere or a suitable reservoir. For embodiments using electric currents, the controller 44 may selectively provide the electric current to the transducer by transmitting one or more signals to one or more switches that selectively couple the transducer to a suitable source of electric current.
Although depicted as pulling the predetermined amount of looper thread 202 upon retraction, embodiments of the invention are not limited to this configuration. For example, in an alternative embodiment, the adjuster assembly 88 could be configured to pull the predetermined amount of looper thread 202 from the looper 76 by extending the adjuster 210. In this alternative embodiment, the catch 220 may be provided by a notch in the adjuster 210 rather than a hook, and the adjuster assembly 88 and/or the cutting edge 256 may be positioned on an opposite side of the looper 76 than as depicted in
The post 222 of adjuster 210 is in pivoting/sliding engagement with the slot 230 in arm 224 and the reciprocating member 219 of actuator 218 is in pivoting/sliding engagement with the slot in arm 226 so that the adjuster 210 is moved (e.g., extended and/or retracted) in response to a corresponding movement of the reciprocating member 219 by actuator 218. The adjuster 210 may be held in the channel 214 by a plate 234 having a slot 236 through which the post 222 of adjuster 210 extends to engage the slot 230 of arm 224. The plate 234 may be held in place against the base 212 by one or more fasteners 238. The adjuster assembly 88 may be configured so that when the adjuster 210 is extended, it passes between the looper 76 and the looper facing side of the needle plate 48 to hook the looper thread 202. When retracted, the adjuster 210 may pull the looper thread 202 to create a predetermined amount of slack in the looper thread 202 between the eye 200 of looper 76 and the last stitch formed in the web 18.
As best shown in
The thread tensioner 262 includes an actuator 272, an elastic member 274, a stationary member 276, and a movable member 278. The stationary and movable members 276, 278 include mutually opposing friction surfaces (not visible) that are configured to resist movement of the looper thread 202 when the friction surfaces are urged into facing engagement by the elastic member 274 in a similar manner as described above with respect to the thread tensioner 132 of needle thread handler 82.
The movable member 278 may be coupled to the actuator 272 and biased toward the stationary member 276 by the elastic member 274 so that the friction surfaces selectively provide tension to the looper thread 202. The thread tensioner 262 may provide a desired thread tension in an active state, and minimal or no tension in an inactive state. The controller 44 may cycle the thread tensioner 262 between active and inactive states through activation of the actuator 272 by, for example, selectively applying pneumatic pressure to the actuator 272. This application of pneumatic pressure may cause the thread tensioner 262 to switch between a tension state during which the set tension is applied to the looper thread 202 and a release state during which essentially no tension or minimum tension is applied to the looper thread 202.
The looper thread 202 may be received from the looper thread spool 68 and directed to the thread tensioner 262 by one or more thread guides 270, 271. After leaving the thread tensioner 262, the looper thread 202 may pass through the thread tension monitor 264 and pull-off mechanism 266 before being provided to the respective looper 76. Although the thread tension monitor 264 is shown as being upstream of the pull-off mechanism 266 in
The thread tension monitor 264 of looper thread handler 92 may be configured similarly to the thread tension monitor 134 of needle thread handler 82, and includes one or more (e.g., three) fixed thread guides 284-286 that define a travel path 290 for the looper thread 202. The thread tension monitor 264 may further include a drop wire 292 coupled to a switch and having an eyelet 294, and a lift arm 296 coupled to an actuator 298. In operation, the looper thread 202 may be threaded through the fixed thread guides 284-286 of thread tension monitor 264 and the eyelet 294 of drop wire 292. When the looper thread 202 is under tension, it urges the eyelet 294 to remain generally within or proximate to the travel path 290 defined by the fixed thread guides 284-286. The drop wire 292 may be biased to pivot in a direction that would move the eyelet 294 out of the travel path 290 absent tension from the looper thread 202.
In response to the drop wire 292 pivoting beyond a predetermined angle indicative of a loss of tension in the looper thread 202, the switch may change from a state indicative of sufficient tension (e.g., an open state) to a state indicative of a lack of sufficient tension (e.g., a closed state). A lack of tension on the looper thread 202 may indicate the thread has come loose from the looper 76, broken, or run out. Thus, in response to detecting the change of state in the switch indicating the lack of sufficient tension on the looper thread 202, operation of the machine 10 may be halted.
The lift arm 296 and actuator 298 may be configured so that when the sewing head 70 is operational, the lift arm 296 is normally held in a position that does not obstruct the pivoting movement of the drop wire 292. In this condition, a loss of tension on the looper thread 202 allows the drop wire 292 to pivot out of the travel path 290 and trip the switch, as depicted by the lift arm 296 on the right in
When the lift arm 296 is positioned to obstruct the drop wire 292, a lack of tension on the looper thread 202 will not cause the drop wire 292 to pivot out of the travel path 290 due to the presence of the lift arm 296 in the path of the drop wire 292. The lift arm 296 may thereby be used to prevent an inadvertent shutdown of the machine 10 in the event the looper thread 202 of an inactive sewing head 70 comes loose or otherwise loses tension. The controller 44 may also cause the actuator 298 to position the lift arm 296 to obstruct the pivoting movement of the drop wire 292 before or concurrently with operation of the pull-off mechanism 266.
The pull-off mechanism 266 includes an actuator 300, a puller 302 that is coupled to the actuator 300 by a link 304, and a stationary member 306 configured to locate the link 304 with respect to the mounting plate 268. The stationary member 306 may include a channel through which the link 304 reciprocates along a generally linear path 308 in response to activation of the actuator 300. Thread guides 310, 312 may be coupled to the stationary member 306 and configured so that when the puller 302 of pull-off mechanism 266 is in a retracted position, the looper thread guides 310, 312 are generally aligned with a looper thread guide 314 that is coupled to the puller 302.
In response to actuation of the actuator 300 by the controller 44, the puller 302 of pull-off mechanism 266 may move from a retracted position depicted in
The position of the needle 72 may be described in terms of the angular position of the crank pulley 110. For reference purposes, the position of the crank pulley 110 is considered to be at a 0-degree position when the needle 72 is at its most extended position through the quilting plane 50 along its axis 74, or its Bottom Dead Center (BDC) position. When the needle 72 is at its most retracted position above the quilting plane 50 along its axis 74, or its Top Dead Center (TDC) position, the crank pulley 110 is at 180 degrees. Because the movement of the looper 76 and retainer 90 are synchronized with the movement of the needle 72, the angular position of the crank pulley 110 also defines the positions of these elements. Thus, the orientation of the needle 72, looper 76, and retainer 90, or the “stitch forming elements” 72, 76, 90, may be fully defined as a function of the angular position of the crank pulley 110, with each stitch cycle beginning at the 0-degree reference position and repeating for each 360 degrees of rotation.
As the stitch cycle moves forward from the 0-degree position, the needle 72 begins to retract by moving along its axis 74 in a positive direction with respect to the z-axis 58, and the looper 76 begins to move forward in a negative direction with respect to the x-axis 54 as it rotates about the axis 96 of looper shaft 94. Simultaneously, the retainer 90 begins to travel around a closed path while retaining its orientation. In the embodiment shown, the forward path of retainer 90 is a clockwise circular movement in the horizontal x-y plane such that the lobe 250 of retainer 90 generally orbits the axis 74 of needle 72.
At about the 40-degree point in the stitching cycle, forward rotation of the drive pulley 110 brings the stitch forming elements 72, 76, 90 to the positions depicted in
Referring to
The needle 72 passes through its TDC position and begins to extend back toward the web 18 by moving along its axis 74 in a negative direction with respect to the z-axis 58. As illustrated by
As the stitch cycle continues, the tip of needle 72 extends along axis 74 through the triangle 320, with the stitch forming elements 72, 76, 90 reaching the positions shown in
The stitch forming elements continue to cycle through the positions of
The proximal portion 324 and distal portion 325 of biasing mechanism 323 may have a deflection angle (e.g., 180 degrees) relative to each other when elastic portion 326 is in a relaxed state. The proximal portion 324 of biasing mechanism 323 may contact the reciprocating member 219 and/or coupler 221 when the actuator 218 is extended beyond the intermediate position. The elastic portion 326 of biasing mechanism 323 may be pivotally coupled to the base 212 by a fastener 327 that provides a fulcrum or pivot point about which the biasing mechanism 323 deflects in response to the proximal portion 324 being urged away from the deflection angle by the actuator 218. The distal portion 325 may be held in a fixed position relative to the base 212 of adjuster assembly 88 by a keeper 328, so that deflection of the proximal portion 324 generates or increases tension in the elastic portion 326 of biasing mechanism 323.
In operation, the proximal portion 324 of biasing mechanism 323 may engage the head 231 of fastener 229 when the actuator 218 is in the retracted position, as depicted by
In response to the actuator 218 being extended, the reciprocating member 219 of actuator 218 may engage the proximal portion 324 of biasing mechanism 323 at about the intermediate position. As the reciprocating member 219 continues to extend past the intermediate position toward the extended position, the proximal portion 324 may be deflected away from the stop as depicted by
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the biasing mechanism 323 may be configured to provide a force in opposition to inward movement of the reciprocating member 219 as it retracts past the intermediate position toward the retracted position. In this alternative embodiment, the fastener 229 may be configured so that it does not engage the proximate proximal portion 324 of biasing mechanism 323, thereby allowing the proximal portion 324 to be deflected toward the actuator 218 by the reciprocating member 219. In this embodiment, when the actuator 218 enters the neutral state from the retracted state, the opposing force may urge the linkage 216 into the intermediate position from the retracted position.
Although depicted as a torsion spring in the exemplary embodiment illustrated in
The process 330 may proceed to block 334 and position the threads 126, 202 in the recessed portion 254 of retainer 90. To this end, the process 330 may move the stitch forming elements 72, 76, 90 in a reverse direction, e.g., by rotating the crank pulley 110 backwards by a predetermined amount using the drive system 24. The predetermined amount of reverse rotation may be an amount sufficient to cause the portions the needle thread 126 and looper thread 202 between the looper 76 and the web 18 to enter the recessed portion 254 of retainer 90, e.g., 70 degrees. At the end of this movement, the stitch forming elements 72, 76, 90 and threads 126, 202 may be positioned as depicted in
The process 330 may proceed to block 336 and release tension on the looper thread 202. The process 330 may release tension on the looper thread 202 by activating the actuator 272 of thread tensioner 262. In response, the actuator 272 may cause the friction surface of movable member 278 to move away from, or press with less force against, the friction surface of stationary member 276 so that the looper thread 202 can pass through the thread tensioner 262 without encountering significant resistance.
In block 338, the process 330 pulls a predetermined amount of looper thread 202 off the looper thread spool 68. To this end, the process 330 may extend the puller 302 of pull-off mechanism 266 by activating the actuator 300 thereof. The resulting movement of the thread guide 314 of the puller 302 relative to the thread guides 310, 312 of stationary member 306 pulls looper thread 202 off the looper thread spool 68.
Referring now to
In block 342, the process 330 may release tension on the needle thread 126 and provide slack to the looper 76. The process 330 may release tension on the needle thread 126 by activating the actuator 152 of needle thread tensioner 132, thereby reducing the pressure between the friction surface 162 of movable member 158 and the friction surface 160 of stationary member 156. The process 330 may also activate the actuator 298 of thread tension monitor 264 to prevent the drop wire 292 from dropping and inadvertently stopping of the machine 10. The process 330 may further provide slack to the looper thread 202 between the looper thread spool 68 and the looper 76 by retracting the puller 302 of pull-off mechanism 266 using the actuator 300.
In block 344, the process 330 pulls the looper thread 202 off the looper 76 by activating the actuator 218 to retract the adjuster 210 of adjuster assembly 88. As the adjuster 210 retracts, the catch 220 of adjuster 210 captures the looper thread 202 at a point between the eye 200 of looper 76 and the cutting edge 256 of retainer 90. As the catch 220 of adjuster 210 continues to retract, the catch 220 pulls the looper thread 202 away from the looper 76 in a positive direction with respect to the y-axis. Upon full retraction, the adjuster 210 of adjuster assembly 88 may have pulled a predetermined length of looper thread 202 between the web 18 and the eye 200 of looper 76, as shown in
In block 346, the process 330 positions the stitch forming elements 72, 76, 90 in the TDC or 180-degree position depicted in
In block 348, the process 330 cuts the needle thread 126 and/or looper thread 202 by moving the web 18. The process 330 may move the web 18, for example, at a cutting speed in a positive direction with respect to the x-axis 54 (i.e., downstream). Because the needle and looper threads 126, 202 are anchored to the web 18 by the tack stitches, movement of the web 18 will pull on these threads. When the thread tensioners 132, 262 are applying little or no tension to their respective needle and/or looper threads 126, 202, movement of the web 18 may pull thread 126, 202 through the eye 316 of needle 72 and/or the eye 200 of looper 76, respectively. In contrast, when the thread tensioners 132, 262 are applying tension, movement of the web 18 may stretch the needle and looper threads 126, 202 across the cutting edge 256 of retainer 90. In this case, movement of the web 18 may press the needle and looper threads 126, 202 against the cutting edge 256 of retainer 90 with sufficient force to sever the threads. The process 330 may thereby adjust the length of the thread 126, 202 between the last formed stitch 318 and the severed end by applying tension to the threads 126, 202 at different times relative to movement of the web 18.
In alternative embodiments of the invention, the process 330 may execute the blocks in a different order, eliminate certain blocks, or add additional blocks. For example, the puller 302 of pull-off mechanism 266 may be retracted after the adjuster 210 rather than before, or use of the pull-off mechanism 266 eliminated altogether. Additional steps may include wait times between blocks (e.g., 100-350 ms) that allow the actuators to reach full extension or retraction, or to allow tension on one or more of the threads 126, 202 to stabilize before proceeding to the next block.
As shown in
Advantageously, the adjuster 210 may provide an additional controlled length of looper thread 202 between the eye 200 of looper 76 and the cutting edge 256 of retainer 90 as compared to machines lacking this feature. This additional length may provide a tail 356 having consistent controlled length that trails from the eye 200 of looper 76. The increased length of tail 356 may in turn reduce the likelihood that the looper 76 will become unthreaded. Machines lacking the adjuster 210 may forgo cutting the looper thread 202, and merely allow the thread 202 to feed from the eye 200 of looper 76 as the web 18 is moved from one pattern to the next to prevent the looper 76 from becoming unthreaded. In this scenario, because downstream movement of the web 18 may be opposed to the direction from which the looper thread 202 is fed to the looper 76, the looper thread 202 may be drawn through the looper 76 at twice the speed of the web 18. This doubling of speed may further lower the upper limit on how fast the web 18 can be moved from one pattern to the next without breaking the looper thread 202. By pulling the desired amount of looper thread 202 without movement of the web 18, and enabling the looper thread to be cut without a significant risk of unthreading the looper 76, the adjuster 210 may allow the machine 10 to move the web 18 at a higher speed between patterns than is possible with machines that lack this feature.
In block 362, the process 360 may determine which sewing heads 70 are to be active and which sewing heads are to be inactive for the selected pattern. The process 360 may make this determination, for example, based on a data file (e.g., a Computer Aided Design (CAD) file) that defines the positions and/or stitching paths of the individual patterns to be quilted in the web 18. The data file may be, for example, programmed into the controller 44 by an operator and/or received by the controller 44 from an external computing system.
In response to determining which sewing heads 70 are to be active, the process 360 may engage the coupling device 104 of each needle assembly 60 corresponding to an active sewing head 70, and disengage and/or verify disengagement of the coupling device 104 for each needle assembly 60 corresponding to an inactive sewing head 70. For each sewing head 70 that is not being used to quilt the selected pattern, the process 360 may also activate the actuator 144 of thread clamp 130 for the corresponding needle assembly 60. In response to activation of the actuator 144, the clamping mechanism 138 may clamp the corresponding needle thread 126 of the inactive sewing head 70 between the clamping surfaces 148, 150 of the thread clamp 130. The process 360 may thereby prevent the needle thread 126 from moving while the pattern is being quilted.
The thread clamp 130 may provide the controller 44 with independent control of the needle thread 126 in each needle assembly 60 so that the thread tensioners 132 of needle thread handlers 82 can be controlled synchronously by a single control signal. For example, the controller 44 may open/close a single valve that provides compressed air to the actuator 152 of each thread tensioner 132 to simultaneously control thread tension on the active needle assemblies 60, and rely on the thread clamp 130 to prevent thread from being pulled from the needle thread spools 66 associated with inactive needle assemblies 60. The process 360 may also activate the actuator 184, thereby raising the lift arm 182 of the thread tension monitor 134 for each inactive needle assembly 60. This may prevent the machine 10 from being inadvertently stopped due to a lack of tension on the needle thread 126 of an inactive needle assembly 60.
Although the looper 76 and retainer 90 of the looper assemblies 62 are generally described as being jointly coupled to the motor 22 by the looper shafts 94 and rigid bars 260, respectively, embodiments of the invention are not limited to this configuration. Alternative embodiments of the invention may include machines in which the loopers 76 and retainers 90 are independently coupled to the drive system 24, or that are otherwise individually driven. In these alternative embodiments, the process 360 may also deactivate the looper assembly 62 of each deactivated sewing head 70 by activating/deactivating one or more motors or coupling devices.
Advantageously, deactivating unused needle assemblies 60 may reduce wear on the needle assemblies 60, as well as energy consumption and/or noise produced by the machine 10 as compared to machines lacking this feature. Once the needle assemblies 62 of the sewing heads 70 have been coupled and/or decoupled to the drive system 24, the process 360 may wait for a period of time (e.g., 500 ms). During this waiting period, the process 360 may verify that each needle 72 of the active sewing heads 70 is at TDC.
In block 364, the process 360 may release the tail 356 of looper thread 202. To this end, the process 360 may move the stitch forming elements 72, 76, 90 forward by a predetermined amount, e.g., by advancing the crank pulley 110 about 80 degrees to the 260-degree position. Concurrently with or following this forward movement of the stitch forming elements 72, 76, 90, the process 360 may extend the adjuster 210, thereby releasing the tail 356 of looper thread 202. The tail 356 may relax into a position that extends the tail 356 from the eye 200 of looper 76 generally upstream of the needle hole 86 of needle plate 48, as depicted in
For embodiments of the invention including the air nozzle 185, the process 360 may also blow air 187 out of the nozzle 185 to help free the tail 356 of looper thread 202 from the catch 220 and/or position the tail 356 to be picked up by the needle thread 126 when stitching resumes. In any case, the process 360 may wait for a period of time (e.g., 250 ms) after extension of the adjuster 210 to allow the tail 356 to reach its relaxed state. In yet another embodiment of the invention, the process 360 may skip block 364, thereby allowing the adjuster 210 to maintain control over the tail 356. In this alternative embodiment, the holder assembly 88 may be configured so that the looper thread 202 is positioned with respect to the needle 72 in a manner that increases the likelihood of the looper thread 202 being picked up by the needle thread 126 when stitching resumes.
In block 366, the process 360 may position the stitch forming elements 72, 76, 90 at the 0-degree or BDC position. This repositioning of the stitch forming elements 72, 76, 90 may be implemented by moving the stitch forming elements 72, 76, 90 forward by a predetermined amount, e.g., about 100 degrees. As the elements are advanced, the needle 72 may advance through the web 18, thereby pulling the tail 354 of needle thread 126 at least partially through the web 18. At the same time, the looper 72 may move rearward, pulling the tail 356 of looper thread 202 clear of the catch 220 of adjuster 210. Once the stitch forming elements have reached BDC, the process 360 may retract the adjuster 210, leaving the stitch forming elements 72, 76, 90 positioned as depicted in
In block 368, the process 360 may perform a tail wipe procedure so that the tail 354 of needle thread 126 is left on the underside of web 18 at the beginning of the quilting pattern. As shown in
While the stitch forming elements 72, 76, 90 are in the TDC position, the process 360 may increase the resistance provided by the thread clamp 130 and/or thread tensioner 132. The process 360 may then move the web 18 a distance sufficient to pull the tail 354 of needle thread 126 completely through the web 18 as shown in
In an alternative embodiment of the invention in which the adjuster assembly 88 has an intermediate position between the extended and retracted positions, in block 364, the process 360 may release the tail 356 of looper thread 202 by moving the stitch forming elements 72, 76, 90 forward by a different predetermined amount, e.g., by advancing the crank pulley 110 about 180 degrees to the BDC or 0-degree position. Concurrently with or following this forward movement of the stitch forming elements 72, 76, 90, the process 380 may extend the adjuster 210, thereby releasing the tail 356 of looper thread 202. The tail 356 may relax into a position that extends the tail 356 from the eye 200 of looper 76 generally upstream of the needle hole 86 of needle plate 48, generally as depicted in
In response to positioning the adjuster 210 in intermediate position, the process 360 may wait for an additional period of time (e.g., 250 ms) for the tail 356 to be released before proceeding. Because the stitch forming elements 72, 76, 90 are already at the BDC position, the process 360 may then skip block 366 and proceed directly to block 368. The process 360 may leave the adjuster 210 in the intermediate position until after sewing has resumed in block 370. After the stitch forming elements 72, 76, 90 have advanced by a predetermined amount, (e.g., four revolutions), the process 360 may cause the actuator 218 to fully retract the adjuster 210.
Referring now to
The processor 400 may operate under the control of an operating system 408 that resides in memory 402. The operating system 408 may manage controller resources so that computer program code embodied as one or more computer software applications, such as a controller application 410 residing in memory 402, can have instructions executed by the processor 400. One or more data structures 412 may also reside in memory 402, and may be used by the processor 400, operating system 408, and/or controller application 410 to store data.
The I/O interface 404 operatively couples the processor 400 to the other components of the machine 10, and may also couple the processor 400 to an external computing system or network (not shown). The external computing system or network may be used, for example, to exchange data files, such as quilting patterns, updated applications, and/or other operational data, with controller 44 to update the controller 44 and/or collect data related to the operation of the quilting machine 10.
The I/O interface 404 may include signal processing circuits that condition or encode/decode incoming and outgoing signals so that the signals are compatible with both the processor 400 and the components to which the processor 400 is coupled. To this end, the I/O interface 404 may include analog to digital (A/D) and/or digital to analog (D/A) converters, voltage level and/or frequency shifting circuits, optical isolation and/or driver circuits, protocol stacks, solenoids, relays, pneumatic valves, and/or any other devices suitable for coupling the processor 400 to the other components of the machine 10 and/or an external computing system.
The HMI 406 may be operatively coupled to the processor 400 of controller 44 to enable a user to interact directly with the controller 44. The HMI 406 may include video or alphanumeric displays, a touch screen, a speaker, and any other suitable audio and visual indicators capable of providing data to the user. The HMI 406 may also include input devices and controls such as an alphanumeric keyboard, a pointing device, keypads, pushbuttons, control knobs, microphones, etc., capable of accepting commands or input from the user and transmitting the entered input to the processor 400.
In general, the routines executed to implement the embodiments of the invention, whether implemented as part of an operating system or a specific application, component, program, object, module or sequence of instructions, or a subset thereof, may be referred to herein as “computer program code,” or simply “program code.” Program code typically comprises computer-readable instructions that are resident at various times in various memory and storage devices in a computer and that, when read and executed by one or more processors in a computer, cause that computer to perform the operations necessary to execute operations and/or elements embodying the various aspects of the embodiments of the invention. Computer-readable program instructions for carrying out operations of the embodiments of the invention may be, for example, assembly language or either source code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages.
Various program code described herein may be identified based upon the application within which it is implemented in specific embodiments of the invention. However, it should be appreciated that any particular program nomenclature which follows is used merely for convenience, and thus the invention should not be limited to use solely in any specific application identified and/or implied by such nomenclature. Furthermore, given the generally endless number of manners in which computer programs may be organized into routines, procedures, methods, modules, objects, and the like, as well as the various manners in which program functionality may be allocated among various software layers that are resident within a typical computer (e.g., operating systems, libraries, API's, applications, applets, etc.), it should be appreciated that the embodiments of the invention are not limited to the specific organization and allocation of program functionality described herein.
The program code embodied in any of the applications/modules described herein is capable of being individually or collectively distributed as a program product in a variety of different forms. In particular, the program code may be distributed using a computer-readable storage medium having computer-readable program instructions thereon for causing a processor to carry out aspects of the embodiments of the invention.
Computer-readable storage media, which is inherently non-transitory, may include volatile and non-volatile, and removable and non-removable tangible media implemented in any method or technology for storage of data, such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data. Computer-readable storage media may further include RAM, ROM, erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other solid state memory technology, portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store the desired data and which can be read by a computer. A computer-readable storage medium should not be construed as transitory signals per se (e.g., radio waves or other propagating electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic waves propagating through a transmission media such as a waveguide, or electrical signals transmitted through a wire). Computer-readable program instructions may be downloaded to a computer, another type of programmable data processing apparatus, or another device from a computer-readable storage medium or to an external computer or external storage device via a network.
Computer-readable program instructions stored in a computer-readable medium may be used to direct a computer, other types of programmable data processing apparatuses, or other devices to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable medium produce an article of manufacture including instructions that implement the functions, acts, and/or operations specified in the flow-charts, sequence diagrams, and/or block diagrams. The computer program instructions may be provided to one or more processors of a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the one or more processors, cause a series of computations to be performed to implement the functions, acts, and/or operations specified in the flow-charts, sequence diagrams, and/or block diagrams.
In certain alternative embodiments, the functions, acts, and/or operations specified in the flow-charts, sequence diagrams, and/or block diagrams may be re-ordered, processed serially, and/or processed concurrently consistent with embodiments of the invention. Moreover, any of the flow-charts, sequence diagrams, and/or block diagrams may include more or fewer blocks than those illustrated consistent with embodiments of the invention.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the embodiments of the invention. As used herein, the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” and/or “comprising,” when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, actions, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, actions, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. Furthermore, to the extent that the terms “includes”, “having”, “has”, “with”, “comprised of”, or variants thereof are used in either the detailed description or the claims, such terms are intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term “comprising”.
While all the invention has been illustrated by a description of various embodiments and while these embodiments have been described in considerable detail, it is not the intention of the Applicant to restrict or in any way limit the scope of the appended claims to such detail. Additional advantages and modifications will readily appear to those skilled in the art. The invention in its broader aspects is therefore not limited to the specific details, representative apparatus and method, and illustrative examples shown and described. Accordingly, departures may be made from such details without departing from the spirit or scope of the Applicant's general inventive concept.
This application is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 15/592,634 (pending), filed May 11, 2017, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
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| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20180327950 A1 | Nov 2018 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 15592634 | May 2017 | US |
| Child | 15662750 | US |
