Patent Application
20080114008
The present invention relates to a series of quinazoline derivatives which are useful in treating or preventing a flaviviridae infection.
Viruses of the family flaviviridae are small, icosahedral, enveloped viruses that contain a positive-sense RNA genome. The family consists of three genera, flavivirus, pestivirus and hepacivirus.
Many of the flaviviridae viruses are important human pathogens. Indeed, the hepacivirus genus includes the hepatitis C virus. However, there exists, as yet, no effective and safe treatment for flaviviridae infections.
It has now surprisingly been found that the quinazoline derivatives of the formula (I) are active in inhibiting replication of flaviviridae viruses and are therefore effective in treating or preventing a flaviviridae infection. The present invention therefore provides a quinazoline derivative of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,
wherein:
said aryl, carbocyclyl, heteroaryl and heterocyclyl groups being unsubstituted or substituted by 1, 2 or 3 substituents selected from halogen, C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy, C1-C4 haloalkyl, C1-C4 haloalkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, —NH2, C1-C4 hydroxyalkyl, C1-C4 thioalkyl and C1-C4 aminoalkyl substituents.
Typically, the compound of formula (I) is a compound of formula (I′)
wherein:
said aryl, heteroaryl and heterocyclyl groups being unsubstituted or substituted by 1, 2 or 3 substituents selected from halogen, C1-C4 allyl, C1-C4 alkoxy, C1-C4 haloalkyl, C1-C4 haloalkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, —NH2, C1-C4 hydroxyalkyl, C1-C4 thioalkyl and C1-C4 aminoalcyl substituents.
For the avoidance of doubt, when X is -L-NR—, the NR moiety is attached to the quinazoline ring and the moiety L is attached to the -NR1R2 group.
As used herein, a C1-C4 alkyl group or moiety is a linear or branched alkyl group or moiety containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Examples of C1-C4 alkyl groups and moieties include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl and t-butyl. For the avoidance of doubt, where two alkyl moieties are present, the alkyl moieties may be the same or different.
As used herein, a C1-C4 alkylene group or moiety is a linear or branched alkylene group or moiety. Examples include methylene, ethylene and n-propylene groups and moieties.
Typically, as used herein, a C6-C10 aryl group or moiety is phenyl or naphthyl. Phenyl is preferred.
As used herein, a halogen is typically chlorine, fluorine, bromine or iodine and is preferably chlorine, bromine or fluorine.
As used herein, a C1-C4 alkoxy group is typically a said C1-C4 alkyl group attached to an oxygen atom. A haloalkyl or haloalkoxy group is typically a said alkyl or alkoxy group substituted by one or more said halogen atoms. Typically, it is substituted by 1, 2 or 3 said halogen atoms. Preferred haloalkyl and haloalkoxy groups include perhaloalkyl and perhaloalkoxy groups such as —CX3 and —OCX3 wherein X is a said halogen atom, for example chlorine and fluorine. Particularly preferred haloalkyl groups are —CF3 and —CCl3. Particularly preferred haloalkoxy groups are —OCF3 and —OCCl3.
As used herein a C1-C4 hydroxyalkyl group is a C1-C4 alkyl group substituted by one or more hydroxy groups. Typically, it is substituted by one, two or three hydroxy groups. Preferably, it is substituted by a single hydroxy group. A preferred hydroxyalkyl group is —CH2—OH.
As used herein, a C1-C4 thioalkyl group is a C1-C4 alkyl group substituted by one or more thio groups (—SH). Typically, it is substituted by one, two or three thio groups. Preferably, it is substituted by a single thio group.
As used herein, a C1-C4 aminoalkyl group is a C1-C4 alkyl group substituted by one or more —NH2 groups. Typically, it is substituted by one, two or three —NH2 groups. Preferably, it is substituted by a single —NH2 group.
As used herein, a 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl group or moiety is a 5- to 10-membered aromatic ring, such as a 5- or 6-membered ring, containing at least one heteroatom, for example 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms, selected from O, S and N.
Typically, a heteroaryl group or moiety is monocyclic. Examples of heteroaryl groups include pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, furanyl, thienyl, pyrazolidinyl, pyrrolyl, oxadiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, imidazolyl, triazolyl and pyrazolyl groups. Furanyl, triazolyl, thienyl, pyrimidinyl and thiazolyl groups are preferred. Triazolyl groups are particularly preferred.
As used herein, a 5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl group or moiety is a non-aromatic, saturated or unsaturated C5-C10 carbocyclic ring in which one or more, for example 1, 2 or 3, of the carbon atoms are replaced with a moiety selected from N, O, S, S(O) and S(O)2. Typically, it is a 5- to 6-membered ring. Typically, a heterocyclyl group or moiety is monocyclic.
Preferably, a heterocyclyl group or moiety is a saturated C5-C6 cycloalkyl group in which 1 or 2 of the carbon atoms are replaced with a moiety selected from NH, O and S.
Suitable heterocyclyl groups and moieties include pyrazolidinyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl, thiomorpholinyl, S-oxo-thiomorpholinyl, S,S-dioxo-thiomorpholinyl, morpholinyl, pyrrolidinyl, pyrrolinyl, imidazolidinyl, imidazolinyl, 1,3-dioxolanyl, 1,4-dioxolyl and pyrazolinyl groups and moieties. Morpholino, pyrrolidinyl and piperazinyl groups are preferred.
As used herein, a C3-C6 carbocyclyl group is a non-aromatic saturated or unsaturated monocyclic hydrocarbon ring, having from 3 to 6 carbon atoms. Preferably it is a saturated hydrocarbon ring (i.e. a cycloalkyl group) having from 3 to 6 carbon atoms. Examples include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl. It is preferably cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl.
Typically, the aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl and heterocyclyl moieties in the R1, R2, R3 and X moieties are unsubstituted or substituted by 1 or 2 substituents selected from halogen, C1-C4 alkyl and C1-C4 haloalkyl substituents. More preferably, they are unsubstituted.
Typically, R is H.
Typically, L is a phenylene moiety. More preferably, L is a 1,4-phenylene moiety.
Typically, X is a direct bond or -L-NR— wherein L and R are as defined above. Preferably, X is -L-NR—.
Preferably, when R1 and R2 do not together form a cyclic moiety, R1 is hydrogen. Preferably, R2 is C6 to C10 aryl, more preferably phenyl.
Preferably, when R1 and R2 together form a cyclic moiety, R1 and R2, together with the N atom to which they are attached, form a 5- to 6-membered heterocyclyl or 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl group. The heterocyclyl group is preferably a saturated 5- to 6-membered heterocycle, which contains 1 or 2 heteroatoms selected from N, O and S.
Most preferably, when R1 and R2 together form a cyclic moiety, R1 and R2, together with the N atom to which they are attached, form a morpholino group or a triazolyl group.
Preferably, R3 represents a 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl or heterocyclyl moiety. More preferably, R3 represents a morpholino or triazolyl moiety.
Preferred compounds of the invention are those in which:
the phenyl, heterocyclyl and heteroaryl moieties being unsubstituted or substituted by 1 or 2 substituents selected from halogen, C1-C4 alcyl and C1-C4 haloalkyl substituents.
Typically, in these preferred compounds of the invention, R1 and R2, together with the N atom to which they are attached, form a saturated 5- to 6-membered heterocyclic group which contains 1 or 2 heteroatoms selected from N, O and S.
Typically, in these preferred compounds of the invention, R3 represents a morpholino or triazolyl moiety.
Further preferred compounds of the invention are compounds of formula (I′) in which:
the phenylene moiety and the heterocycle being unsubstituted or substituted by 1 or 2 substituents selected from halogen, C1-C4 alkyl and C1-C4 haloalkyl substituents.
Preferred compounds of formula (I) are
A particularly preferred compounds of formula (I) is:
Compounds of formula (I) containing one or more chiral centre may be used in enantiomerically or diastereoisomerically pure form, or in the form of a mixture of isomers. For the avoidance of doubt, the compounds of formula (I) can, if desired, be used in the form of solvates. Further, for the avoidance of doubt, the compounds of the invention may be used in any tautomeric form.
As used herein, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt is a salt with a pharmaceutically acceptable acid or base. Pharmaceutically acceptable acids include both inorganic acids such as hydrochloric, sulphuric, phosphoric, diphosphoric, hydrobromic or nitric acid and organic acids such as citric, fumaric, maleic, malic, ascorbic, succinic, tartaric, benzoic, acetic, methanesulphonic, ethanesulphonic, benzenesulphonic orp-toluenesulphonic acid. Pharmaceutically acceptable bases include alkali metal (e.g. sodium or potassium) and alkali earth metal (e.g. calcium or magnesium) hydroxides and organic bases such as alkyl amines, aralkyl amines and heterocyclic amines. Preferred salts are hydrochloride salts. A particularly preferred salt is the tetrahydrochloride salt.
The compounds of the invention can, for example, be prepared according to the following reaction scheme.
As depicted above, Intermediate A can be prepared by dimerisation of an appropriate aniline, or via dimerisation of an amidine. The latter route is preferred. X in the above reaction scheme is typically iodine or bromine. Dimerisation can be effected, for example, with Pd(dppf)Cl2, DMSO/H2O, K3PO4 and 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1,3,2-dioxaborolane. Intermediate A can be reacted with a sub-stoichiometric amount of a substituted aniline to produce intermediate B. Intermediate B can be reacted with a nucleophilic amine of formula R1R2N—X—H to yield the asymmetric quinazolinyl-quinazolines of the invention.
The intermediate B can also be prepared by transition metal-mediated coupling of a quinazoline iodide (C) with a suitable quinazoline or quinazoline precursor as shown below
The intermediate B can also be prepared by transition metal-mediated coupling of aminobenzonitrile iodide (D) with a suitable quinazoline or quinazoline precursor as shown below.
The compound N-(4-morpholinophenyl)-6-(4-(4-morpholinophenylamino)quinazolin-6-yl)quinazolin-4-amine can also be prepared by the following reaction.
The compounds of the invention can be salified by standard techniques, in particular by reaction with an appropriate acid or base.
The intermediates A and B depicted above are believed to be novel, and accordingly form part of the invention.
The starting materials in the above reaction scheme are known compounds, or can be prepared by analogy with known methods.
The compounds of the present invention are therapeutically useful. The present invention therefore provides a quinazoline derivative of the formula (I), as defined above, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use in treating the human or animal body. Also provided is a pharmaceutical composition comprising a quinazoline derivative of the formula (I), as defined above, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent.
Said pharmaceutical composition typically contains up to 85 wt % of a compound of the invention. More typically, it contains up to 50 wt % of a compound of the invention. Preferred pharmaceutical compositions are sterile and pyrogen free. Further, the pharmaceutical compositions provided by the invention typically contain a compound of the invention which is a substantially pure optical isomer.
As explained above, the compounds of the invention are active against a flaviviridae infection. The present invention therefore provides the use of a quinazoline derivative of the formula (I), as defined above, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in the manufacture of a medicament for use in treating or preventing a flaviviridae infection. Also provided is a method for treating a patient suffering from or susceptible to a flaviviridae infection, which method comprises administering to said patient an effective amount of a quinazoline derivative of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
The flaviviridae family contains three genera. These are hepacivirus, flavivirus and pestivirus. The compounds of the invention are active in treating or preventing a hepacivirus infection, a flavivirus infection or a pestivirus infection.
Typical pestivirus infections which can be treated with the compounds of the invention include bovine viral diarrhea virus, classical swine fever virus and border disease virus.
Typical flavivirus infections which can be treated with the compounds of the invention include yellow fever virus, dengue fever virus, Japanese encephalitis virus and tick borne encephalitis virus.
Typical hepacivirus infections that can be treated with the compounds of the invention include hepatitis C virus.
Compounds of the present invention are especially active against hepatitis C. Typically, said flavivirus is therefore hepatitis C virus.
The compounds of the invention may be administered in a variety of dosage forms. Thus, they can be administered orally, for example as tablets, troches, lozenges, aqueous or oily suspensions, dispersible powders or granules. The compounds of the invention may also be administered parenterally, whether subcutaneously, intravenously, intramuscularly, intrasternally, transdermally or by infusion techniques. The compounds may also be administered as suppositories.
The compounds of the invention are typically formulated for administration with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent. For example, solid oral forms may contain, together with the active compound, diluents, e.g. lactose, dextrose, saccharose, cellulose, corn starch or potato starch; lubricants, e.g. silica, talc, stearic acid, magnesium or calcium stearate, and/or polyethylene glycols; binding agents; e.g. starches, arabic gums, gelatin, methylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose or polyvinyl pyrrolidone; disaggregating agents, e.g. starch, alginic acid, alginates or sodium starch glycolate; effervescing mixtures; dyestuffs; sweeteners; wetting agents, such as lecithin, polysorbates, laurylsulphates; and, in general, non toxic and pharmacologically inactive substances used in pharmaceutical formulations. Such pharmaceutical preparations may be manufactured in known manner, for example, by means of mixing, granulating, tableting, sugar coating, or film coating processes.
Liquid dispersions for oral administration may be syrups, emulsions and suspensions. The syrups may contain as carriers, for example, saccharose or saccharose with glycerine and/or mannitol and/or sorbitol.
Suspensions and emulsions may contain as carrier, for example a natural gum, agar, sodium alginate, pectin, methylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, or polyvinyl alcohol. The suspension or solutions for intramuscular injections may contain, together with the active compound, a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, e.g. sterile water, olive oil, ethyl oleate, glycols, e.g. propylene glycol, and if desired, a suitable amount of lidocaine hydrochloride.
Solutions for injection or infusion may contain as carrier, for example, sterile water or preferably they may be in the form of sterile, aqueous, isotonic saline solutions.
Compounds of the present invention may be used in conjunction with known anti-viral agents. Preferred known anti-viral agents in this regard are interferon and ribavirin, and derivatives thereof, which are known for the treatment of hepatitis C (Clinical Microbiology Reviews, January 2000, 67-82). The said medicament therefore typically further comprises interferon or a derivative thereof and/or ribavirin or a derivative thereof. Further, the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising:
Also provided is a product comprising:
A preferred interferon derivative is PEG-interferon. A preferred ribavirin derivative is viramidine.
A therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the invention is administered to a patient. A typical dose is from about 0.01 to 100 mg per kg of body weight, according to the activity of the specific compound, the age, weight and conditions of the subject to be treated, the type and severity of the disease and the frequency and route of administration. Preferably, daily dosage levels are from 0.05 to 16 mg per kg of body weight, more preferably, from 0.05 to 1.25 mg per kg of body weight.
The following Examples illustrate the invention. They do not however, limit the invention in any way. In this regard, it is important to understand that the particular assay used in the Examples section is designed only to provide an indication of anti-viral activity. There are many assays available to determine such activity, and a negative result in any one particular assay is therefore not determinative.
All temperatures are in ° C. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) was carried out on Si 60G coated plastic plates with uv254 indicator (Polygram). All NMR spectra were obtained at 250 MHz in d6-DMSO unless stated otherwise.
Samples were run on a MicroMass ZMD, using electrospray with simultaneous positive-negative ion detection.
Column: Synergi Hydro-RP, 30×4.6mm I.D, 4 μm.
Gradient: 95:5 to 5:95 v/v H2O/CH3CN+0.05% Formic Acid over 4.0 min, hold 3 min, return to 95:5 v/v H2O/CH3CN+0.05% Formic Acid over 0.2 min and hold at 95:5 v/v H2O/CH3CN+0.05% Formic Acid over 3 min.
Detection: PDA 250-340 nm.
Flow rate: 1.5 ml/min
A mixture of 6-iodo-N-(4-morpholinophenyl)quinazolin-4-amine (leq, 1.004 g), 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (0.5 eq, 295 mg), dichloro diphenylphosphinylferrocene palladium (II) (10%, 200 mg) and powdered potassium phosphate (3 eq, 1.48 g ) in DMSO/H2O (5:1, 12 ml) was heated to 80 degrees for 1.5 h. The cooled reaction mixture was diluted with water and the green ppt isolated by filtration to give the crude product (1.46 g).
A portion of this material (517 mg) was dissolved, with sonication and warming in aqueous 2N HCl (2.11 ml, ˜5 eq) and stirred whilst MeCN (21 ml) added. Stirring and agitation was continued until the initial dark residue transformed into a solid. Filtration and drying in vacuo gave the title compound as a light brown solid (253 mg, 83% recovery based on .4HCl)
LC-MS rt 2.41 m/z 611
1H NMR (DMSO) δ 11.80 (1H, brS), 9.71 (1H, s), 8.71 (1H, s), 8.52 (1H, d) 7.81 (1H, d), 7.57 (2H, d), 6.90 (2H, d), 4.29 (br s), 3.57 (4H, m), 2.98 (4H, m) 1H NMR (DMSO+K2CO3) δ 10.55 (1H, brS), 9.69 (1H, s), 8.66(1H, s), 8.58 (1H, d) 8.0 (2H, d), 7.12 (2H, d), 3.89 (4H, m), 3.24 (4H, m)
13C NMR (DMSO) δ 159.1, 151.0, 147.7, 138.1, 137.05, 134.1, 130.2, 125.8, 123.2, 120.25, 116.5, 114.2, 65.84, 49.82
N′-(2-Cyano-4-iodo-phenyl)-N,N-dimethyl-formamidine:
2-Amino-5-iodo-benzonitrile (5 g, 20.5 mmol) was heated to reflux in DMF-DMA (20 ml) for 2 h. On cooling and concentrating to dryness in vacuo the residue was filtered through silica (20 g, SiO2) eluting with dichloromethane to afford a brown oil (6.15 g, 100%)
1H NMR (CDCl3) δ 7.71 (1H, d), 7.58 (1H, dd), 7.505 (1H, s), 6.64 (1H, d), 3.01 (6H, s)
LC-MS rt 3.46 m/z 299 MH+
N′-[3,3′-Dicyano-4′-(dimethylamino-methyleneamino)-biphenyl-4-yl]-N,N-dimethyl-formamidine:
N′-(2-Cyano-4-iodo-phenyl)-N,N-dimethyl-formamidine (1.5 g, 5 mmol), bis(pinacolato)diboron (762 mg, 0.6 eq) in DMSO (15 ml) and potassium phosphate (3.2 g, 3 eq) in water (3 ml, CARE exotherm) were mixed with stirring. Dichloro (diphenylphosphinylferrocenyl) palladium (II). DCM (204 mg, 5 mol %) was added and the mixture heated to 80° overnight. The cooled reaction mixture was partitioned between water (100 ml) and DCM(150 ml). The organic phase was separated and washed twice with water before being dried (Na2SO4) and concentrated to dryness. Trituration with diethyl ether afforded a brown crystalline solid (530 mg, 62%)
1H NMR (DMSO) δ 8.045 (1H, s), 7.98(1H, d), 7.86 (1H, dd), 7.24 (1H, d) 3.1 (3H, S) 3.02 (3H, s)
LC-MS rt 2.12 M/z 345
N-(4-morpholinophenyl)-6-(4-(4-morpholinophenylamino)quinazolin-6-yl)quinazolin-4-amine. Hydrochloride salt.
N-[3,3′-Dicyano-4′-(dimethylamino-methyleneamino)-biphenyl-4-yl]-N,N-dimethyl-formamidine (35 mg, 0.1 mmol) and 4-morpholinoaniline (36 mg, 0.2 mmol) were combined in acetic acid (250 uL) and heated to 85° for 90 minutes. The mixture was diluted with 10% aq NaOH and the solid isolated by filtration and washed with water. The solid was then slurried in 2M HCl (1 ml) to give a red solution that on addition of acetone precipitated the title compound hydrochloride salt as a light coloured solid. Filtration, washing with further acetone and drying in vacuo gave the title compound as a red brown solid (58 mg, 77%)
LC-MS and 1H NMR as previously described.
N′-(2-Cyano-4-iodo-phenyl)-N,N-dimethyl-formamidine
2-Amino-5-iodo-benzonitrile (5 g) in DMF-DMA (10 ml) was heated to 110° for 2 h. The cooled reaction mixture was diluted with water (100 ml) and extracted into ethyl acetate (3×100 ml). The combined organic phases were dried (MgSO4) and concentrated to give a viscous brown oil (˜quantitative) which was used without further purification. 1H NMR (CDCl3) δ 7.77 (1H, m), 7.65 (1H, dm, J8.85 Hz), 7.57 (1H, s), 6.70 (1H, d, J8.85 Hz), 3.012 (6H, s)
LC-MS rt 3.46 n/z 299.78
3-Cyano-4-(dimethylamino-methyleneamino)-phenylboronic acid
N′-(2-Cyano-4-iodo-phenyl)-N,N-dimethyl-formamidine (10.9 g, 36.4 mmol) was dissolved in dry THF (250 ml) and diisopropyl borate (2 eq, 16.8 ml) added. The mixture was cooled to −78° and butyl lithium (1.6M in hexanes, 3 eq, 69 ml) added dropwise. The resulting dark yellow solution was stirred for a further 2 h at −78° before being allowed to warm to room temperature. 2M HCl was added until the pH reached 6 then concentrated in vacuo to remove THF. The resulting solid material was isolated by filtration and washed with diethyl ether. This gave, after drying overnight in vacuo, the product as an off-white solid (7.6 g, 95%)
1H NMR (D2) δ 8.40 (1H, s), 8.12 (1H, s), 8.04 (1H, d), 7.48 (1H, d), 3.40 (3H, s), 3.28 (3H, s)
LC-MS rt 0.4 m/z 217.96 ES+
A mixture of 3-Cyano-4-(dimethylamino-methyleneamino)-phenylboronic acid (184 mg, 1.05 eq) and (6-iodo-quinazolin-4-yl)-(4-morpholin-4-yl-phenyl)-amine (344 mg, 0.8 mmol) with tetrakistriphenylphosphine palladium (0)(5 mol %, 45 mg) in isopropanol (3.5 ml) and saturated sodium bicarbonate (1.75 ml) was heated to 100° for 2 h then cooled and filtered. The resulting solid was washed with isopropanol (4×1 ml) then TBME (2×1 ml) and dried in vacuo to afford the title compound as a yellow solid (318 mg, 83%)
1H NMR (DMSO) δ 9.83 (1H, s), 8.79 (1H, s), 8.49 (1H, s), 8.21-8.0 (4H, m), 7.77 (1H, d) 7.64 (2H, d), 7.34 (1H, d), 7.0 (2H, d), 3.76 (4H, m) 3.11 (7H,m), 3.03 (3H, s) 13C NMR (DMSO) δ 158.225, 155.349, 155.080, 154.796, 149.236, 148.185, 136.008, 132.521, 132.418, 131.419, 131.336, 131.086, 128.581, 124.510, 124.111, 119.884, 119.643, 119.057, 115.886, 115.425, 106.991, 66.483, 49.168, 40.229, 34.443
LC-MS rt 2.35 m/z 478
N′-{2-Cyano-4-[4-(4-morpholin-4-yl-phenylamino)-quinazolin-6-yl]-phenyl}-N,N-dimethyl-formamidine (300 mg) was treated with aniline (250 uL) in acetic acid (2 ml) at 125° for 2 h. The cooled reaction mixture was neutralized with 2N NaOH and the resulting green precipitate isolated by filtration. This was then taken up in 2N HCl and concehtrated to dryness. On standing with 1:1 MeOH/EtOH an orange solid precipitated which was washed with acetone and ether to give the title compound as a red solid (170 mg).
1H NMR (DMSO) δ 12.56 (1H, s), 12.42 (1H, s), 10.38 (2H, m), 9.40 (2H, d), 9.214 (2H, m), 8.50 (2H, m), 8.36 (2H, d), 8.24 (2H, d), 7.85-7.73 (4H, m), 7.52 (2H, d), 4.25 (4H, m), 3.65 (4H, m)
LC-MS rt 2.52 m/z 526
N′-[3,3′-Dicyano-4′-(dimethylamino-methyleneamino)-biphenyl-4-yl]-N,N-dimethyl-formamidine (100 mg, 0.29 mmol) and 4-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)aniline (93 mg, 0.58 mmol) were combined in acetic acid (500 uL) and heated to 125° for 90 minutes. The solid was isolated by filtration and washed with water, then slurried with aqueous potassium carbonate. The solid was filtered and washed with water before drying in vacuo to give the title compound as a cream solid(90 mg, 54%)
1H NMR (DMSO) δ 11.95 (1H, s), 10.2 (1H, s), 9.28 (1H, s), 9.03 (1H, S) 8.69 (1H, S), 8.47 (1H, d) 8.25 (1H, s), 7.9-8.1 (4H, m) LC-MS rt 2.43 m/z 573 ES- 575 ES+
HCV replicon cells Huh 9B (ReBlikon), containing the firefly luciferase—ubiquitin—neomycin phosphotransferase fusion protein and EMCV-IRES driven HCV polyprotein with cell culture adaptive mutations.
Cells were cultured at 37° C. in a 5% CO2 environment and split twice a week on seeding at 2×10E6 cells/flask on day 1 and 1×10E6 3 days later. Some 0.25 mg/ml G418 was added to the culture medium (125 ul per 25 ml) but not the assay medium.
The culture medium consisted of DMEM with 4500 g/l glucose and glutamax (Gibco 61965-026) supplemented with 1× non-essential amino acids, penicillin (100 IU/ml) / streptomycin (100 μg/ml), FCS (10%, 50 ml) and 1 mg/ml G418 (Invitrogen cat no 10131-027) & 10% foetal calf serum.
A flask of cells was trypsinised and a cell count carried out. Cells were diluted to 100,000 cells/ml and 100 μl of this used to seed one opaque white 96-well plate (for the replicon assay) and one flat-bottomed clear plate (for the tox assay) for every seven compounds to be tested for IC50. Wells G12 and H12 were left empty in the clear plate as the blank. Plates were then incubated at 37° C. in a 5% CO2 environment for 24 h.
On the following day compound dilutions are made up in medium at twice their desired final concentration in a clear round bottomed plate. All dilutions have a final DMSO concentration of 1%.
Once the dilution plate had been made up, controls and compounds were transferred to the assay plate (containing the cells) at 100 μl/well in duplicate plates. Exception: in the white (replicon) plate, no compound was added to wells A1 and A2 and 100 μl of 1% DMSO was added to these instead. In the clear (Tox) plate, wells E12 & F12 only contained the DMSO control. Plates were then incubated at 37° C. with 5% CO2 for 72 h.
At the end of the incubation time, the cells in the white plate were harvested by washing with 200 μl/well of warm (37° C.) PBS and lysed with 20 μl cell culture lysis buffer (Promega). After 5 min incubation @ RT, luciferin solution was added to the luciferase assay buffer (LARB at 200 μl per 10 ml LARB. The M injector of the microplate luminometer (Lmax, Molecular Devices) was primed with 4×300 l injections. Plate were inserted into the luminometer and 100 μl luciferase assay reagent was added by the injector on the luminometer. The signal was measured using a 1 second delay followed by a 4 second measurement programme. The IC50, the concentration of the drug required for reducing the replicon level by 50% in relation to the untreated cell control value, can be calculated from the plot of the percentage reduction of the luciferase activity vs. drug concentration.
The clear plate was stained with 100 μl 0.5% methylene blue in 50% ethanol at RT for 1 h, followed by solvation of the absorbed methylene blue in 100 μl per well of 1% lauroylsarcosine. Absorbance of the plate was measured on a microplate spectrophotometer (Molecular Devices) and the absorbance for each concentration of compound expressed as a proportion of the relative DMSO control. The TD50, the concentration of drug required to reduce the total cell area by 50% relative to the DMSO controls can be calculated by plotting the absorbance at 620 nm vs drug concentration.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0501964.1 | Jan 2005 | GB | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/GB06/00294 | 1/30/2006 | WO | 00 | 11/30/2007 |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 60649564 | Feb 2005 | US | |
| 60668456 | Apr 2005 | US |
