Claims
- 1. A compound where: ##STR16## where: A is O or S;
- B is ##STR17## D is O, S, NR.sub.1, ##STR18## or a chemical bond E is a chemical bond or ##STR19## a is 0-2; b is 0-1;
- c is 0-2;
- d is 0-3;
- e is 0-4;
- f is 0-5;
- n is 0-2;
- R is independently hydrogen, alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, carboxy, carbalkoxy, halo, nitro, haloalkyl, cyano or acyl;
- R' is independently hydrogen, alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, halo or haloalkyl;
- R.sub.1 is independently hydrogen, alkyl or aralkyl;
- R.sub.2 is --(CH.sub.2).sub.x --X;
- x is 0-3;
- X is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, aryl aralkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, aralkoxy, amino, mono-and di-alkylamino, aralkylamino, acylamino, carbamyl, carboxy, carbalkoxy, tetrazolyl or N-acyl-sulphamido;
- vicinal R.sub.2 groups together may be (CH.sub.2).sub.y --, where y is 1-4, thus forming a 3-6 membered ring;
- geminal R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 groups may together form a spiro substituent, --(CH.sub.2).sub.z --, where z is 2 to 5;
- geminal R.sub.1 or R.sub.2 and R.sub.2 groups may together form an alkylidenyl substituent, CHR.sub.1 ;
- Z is --COOR.sub.1, CN, ##STR20## --OR.sub.1, tetrazolyl or substituted tetrazolyl where the substituent may be alkyl, carboxyalkyl or carbalkoxyalkyl;
- R.sub.3 is hydrogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, phenyl or benzyl; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
- 2. A compound according to claim 1 where:
- A is O or S;
- n is 0-1;
- a+b is 1;
- c+d is 0-3;
- e+f is 0-5;
- R and R' are hydrogen, alkyl or alkoxy;
- R.sub.1 is hydrogen or alkyl;
- R.sub.2 is --(CH.sub.2).sub.x --X;
- x is 0-3;
- X is hydrogen or alkyl; and
- Z is --COOR.sub.1, --CN, ##STR21## or tetrazolyl.
- 3. A compound according to claim 2 where:
- A is O;
- n is 0;
- R and R' are hydrogen, methyl or methoxy;
- R.sub.1 is hydrogen or methyl;
- R.sub.2 is --(CH.sub.2).sub.x --X;
- x is 0-3;
- X is hydrogen; and
- Z is --COOR.sub.1, --CN or tetrazolyl.
- 4. A compound according to claim 3 where:
- a is 1;
- b is 0; and
- c+d is 0.
- 5. A compound according to claim 3 where:
- a is 1;
- b is 0; and
- c+d is 1.
- 6. A compound according to claim 3 where:
- a is 1;
- b is 0; and
- c+d is 2.
- 7. A compound according to claim 4 where:
- D is O;
- e+f is 2-4; and
- Z is tetrazolyl.
- 8. A compound according to claim 4 where:
- D is a chemical bond;
- e+f is 0-6; and
- Z is tetrazolyl.
- 9. A compound according to claim 7 which is 5-(3-(3-(3-(2-quinolinylmethyloxy)styryl)-phenoxy)propyl)tetrazole.
- 10. A compound according to claim 7 which is 5-(3-(4-(3-(2-quinolinylmethyloxy)styryl)phenoxy)-propyl)tetrazole
- 11. A compound according to claim 7 which is 5-(3-(3-(4-(2-quinolinylmethyloxy)styryl)phenoxy)-propyl)tetrazole.
- 12. A compound according to claim 7 which is 5-(3-(4-(4-(2-quinolinylmethyloxy)styryl)phenoxy)-propyl)tetrazole.
- 13. A compound according to claim 8 which is 5-(3-(3-(3-(2-quinolinylmethyloxy)styryl)phenyl)-propyl)tetrazole.
- 14. A compound according to claim 8 which is 5-(4-(3-(3-(2-quinolinylmethyloxy)styryl)phenyl)-butyl)tetrazole.
- 15. A compound according to claim 8 which is 5-(4-(4-(3-(2-quinolinylmethyloxy)styryl)phenyl)-butyl)tetrazole.
- 16. A compound according to claim 8 which is 5-(3-methyl-4-(4-(3-(2-quinolinylmethyloxy)styryl)-phenyl)butyl)tetrazole.
- 17. A compound according to claim 8 which is 5-(4-(3-(3-(2-quinolinylmethyloxy)styryl)phenyl)-butyl)tetrazole.
- 18. A compound according to claim 8 which is 5-(3-methyl-4-(3-(3-(2-quinolinylmethyloxy)styryl)-phenyl)butyl)tetrazole.
- 19. A compound according to claim 8 which is 5-(4-(4-(4-(2-quinolinylmethyloxy)styryl)phenyl)-butyl)tetrazole.
- 20. A compound according to claim 8 which is 5-(3-methyl-4-(4-(4-(2-quinolinylmethyloxy)styryl)-phenyl)butyl)tetrazole.
- 21. A method for the treatment of hypersensitive ailments in humans and mammals comprising administering thereto an effective amount of a compound of the formula according to claim 1.
- 22. A pharmaceutical composition wherein the active ingredient is a compound according to claim 1 in admixture with a pharmaceutical carrier.
FIELD OF INVENTION
This application is a continuation-in-part of 07/116/597 filed 11/03/87, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,920,130.
This invention relates to quinolinyl styryl compounds and their use as valuable pharmaceutical agents, particularly as lipoxygenase inhibitors and/or leukotriene antagonists possessing anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic properties.
This invention relates to the compounds described by the general Formula I and to therapeutic compositions comprising as active ingredient a compound of Formula I: ##STR1## where: A is O or S;
The compounds of Formula I contain at least three aromatic rings. For the purposes of this invention these may be designated as shown in Formula II. The substitution pattern of these rings along the chain with respect to each other is as follows. ##STR6##
The substitution pattern of the quinoline ring, that is Ring I, is preferably at the 2-position for extending the side chain. As this side chain progresses from the quinoline ring, the two phenyl rings, designated Ring II and Ring III may be substituted along the chain in the ortho, meta or para positions with respect to each other and Ring II may also be substituted in the ortho, meta and para positions in respect to the quinoline ring.
The preferred substitution pattern for Ring II is meta or para, that is: ##STR7##
Ring III however may be substituted equally in the ortho, metha or para positions, that is: ##STR8##
Further preferred compounds of this invention are described by Formula V below: ##STR9## where c+d=0-3 and R, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, e, f, n, B, D, E and Z are as described above.
The more preferred compounds of Formula V are those where Z is --COOR.sub.1, --CN, ##STR10## or tetrazolyl.
In addition, the present invention relates to the method of using these compounds as lipoxygenase inhibitors and/or leukotriene antagonists possessing anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic properties.
As employed above and throughout the disclosure, the following terms, unless otherwise indicated, shall be understood to have the following meanings:
"Alkyl", either alone or with various substituents defined herein, means a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon, either branched or straight chained. A "loweralkyl" is preferred having about 1 to abbut 6 carbon atoms. Examples of alkyl include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, butyl, sec-butyl, t-butyl, amyl, hexyl, etc.
"Alkoxy" refers to a loweralkyl-O-group.
"Alkenyl" refers to a hydrocarbon having at least one point of unsaturation and may be branched or straight chained. Preferred alkenyl groups have six or less carbon atoms present such as vinyl, allyl, ethynyl, isopropenyl, etc.
"Aralkyl" means an alkyl group substituted by an aryl radical. The preferred aralkyl groups are benzyl or phenethyl.
"Cycloalkyl" means a saturated monocyclic hydrocarbon ring having 3 to about 6 carbon atoms such as cyclopropyl, cyclohexyl, etc.
"Acyl" means an organic radical derived from an organic acid by removal of its hydroxyl group. Preferred acyl groups are acetyl, propionyl, benzoyl, etc.
"Halo" means a halogen. Preferred halogens include, chloride, bromide and fluoride. The preferred haloalkyl group is trifluromethyl.
The compounds of this invention may be prepared in segments as is common to a long chain molecule. Thus it is convenient to synthesize these molecules by employing condensation reactions at the A, B and D sites of the molecule. For this reason the present compounds may be prepared by art recognized procedures from known compounds or readily preparable intermediates. Exemplary general procedures are as follows and are shown where R, R', R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are all hydrogen; b, d and e are 0; a, c, and f are 1, or b, c, e and f are 0 and a and d are 1; and Z is --CN,-- COOR.sub.1 or tetrazolyl. Thus in order to prepare a compound of Formula I the following reactions or combinations of reactions may be employed: ##STR11## where: R, R', R.sub.1, R.sub.2, a, b, c, d, e, f, n, A, B and D are as defined above; E is a chemical bond; Z is --CN, --COOR.sub.1 or tetrazolyl, and L is a leaving group, such as halo, tosylate, or mesylate.
Reaction temperatures are in the range of room temperature to reflux and reaction times vary from 2 to 48 hours. The reaction is usually carried out in a solvent that will dissolve both reactants and is inert to both as well. Solvents include, but are not limited to, diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, N,N-dimethyl formamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, dioxane and the like.
Wittig condensation also may take place at the B position of the molecule of Formula I as follows: ##STR12##
This may be carried out using normal Wittig reaction conditions. When the appropriate aldehyde or ketone is reacted with a Wittig reagent then condensation results in the formation of the double bond.
The Wittig reagent is prepared by known art recognized procedures such as reaction of triphenyl phosphine or diethylphosphone, with a substituted alkyl bromide followed by treatment with a strong organometallic or alkoxide base such as n-BuLi or NaOH results in the desired ylide.
Of course this Witting condensation may also take place when the Wittig reagent is formed on Ring II position of the molecule which is then condensed with the aldehyde from the Ring III portion. ##STR13##
Those compounds where D and/or E are ##STR14## are also prepared by reacting the appropriate aldehyde or ketone with a substituted Wittig reagent of the formula ##STR15## where Z is cyano or carbalkoxy.
The tetrazole may be formed from the nitrile at various stages of the synthesis by treatment with hydrazoic acid formed in situ from sodium azide and an acid.
The products of this invention may be obtained as racemic mixtures of their dextro and levorotatory isomers since at least one asymmetric carbon atom may be present. When two asymmetric carbon atoms are present the product may exist as a mixture of two disastereomers based on syn and anti configurations. These diastereomers may be separated by fractional crystallization. Each diastereomer may then be resolved into dextro and levorotatory optical isomers by conventional methods.
Resolution may best be carried out in the intermediate stage where it is convenient to combine the reacemic compound with an optically active compound by salt formation, ester formation, or amide formation to form two disasteromeric products. If an acid is added to an optically active base, then two disastereomeric salts are produced which possess different properties and different solubilities and can be separated by fractional crystallization. When the salts have been completely separated by repeated crystallization, the base is split off by acid hydrolysis and the pure d- and l-acids are obtained.
The present compounds form salts with acids when a basic amino function is present and salts with bases when an acid function, i.e., carboxyl, is present. All such salts are useful in the isolation and/or purification of the new products. Of particular value are the pharmaceutically acceptable salts with both acids and bases. Suitable acids include, for example, hydrochloric, sulfuric, nitric, benzenesulfonic, toluenesulfonic, acetic, mailic, tartaric and the like which are pharmaceutically acceptable. Basic salts for pharmaceutical use are the Na, K, Ca and Mg salts.
Various substituents on the present new compounds, e.g., as defined in R, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 can be present in the starting compounds, added to any one of the intermediates or added after formation of the final products by known methods of substitution or conversion reactions. If the substituents themselves are reactive, then the substituents can themselves be protected according to the techniques known in the art. A variety of protecting groups known in the art, may be employed. Examples of many of these possible groups may be found in "Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis" by T. W. Green, John Wiley and Sons, 1981. For example, nitro groups can be added to the aromatic ring by nitration and the nitro group converted to other groups, such as amino by reduction, and halo by diazotization of the amino group and replacement of the diazo group. Acyl groups can be substituted onto the aryl groups by Friedel-Crafts acylation. The acyl groups can then be transformed to the corresponding alkyl groups by various methods, including the Wolff-Kishner reduction and Clemmenson reduction. Amino groups can be alkylated to form mono and dialkylamino groups; and mercapto and hydroxy groups can be alkylated to form corresponding ethers. Primary alcohols can be oxidized by oxidizing agents known in the art to form carboxylic acids or aldehydes, and secondary alcohols can be oxidized to form ketones. Thus, substitution or alteration reactions can be employed to provide a variety of substituents throughout the molecule of the starting material, intermediates, or the final product.
The compounds of the present invention have potent activity as leukotriene antagonists and as such possess therapeutic value in the treatment of inflammatory conditions and allergic responses such as anaphlaxis and asthma.
Leukotrienes, the products of the 5-lipoxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism, are potent contractile agents with a variety of smooth muscle preparations. Thus, it has been hypothesized that the leukotrienes contribute significantly to the pathophysiology of asthma. This protocol describes an in vitro assay used to test compounds which specifically antagonize the actions of leukotrienes.
Peripheral strips of guinea pig lungs are prepared and hung in tissue baths (Metro #ME-5505, 10 ml) according to the published procedure - (Proc. Nat'l. Acad. Sci., U.S.A. Volume 77, pp. 4354-4358, 1980). The strips are thoroughly rinsed in Assay Buffer and then connected with surgical silk thread support rods from the tissue baths. The rods are adjusted in the baths and the strips connected to the pressure transducers (Grass FT 103 or Gould US-3). The tissue baths are aerated with 95% oxygen -5% carbon dioxide and maintained at 37.degree. C. The assay buffer has been made as follows: for each liter of buffer the following are added to approximately 800 ml of water distilled in glass-6.87 g NaCl, 0.4 g MgSO.sub.4.7H.sub.2 O, and 2.0 g D-glucose. Then a solution of 0.368 g CaCl.sub.2.H.sub.2 O in 100 ml glass-distilled water is slowly added to the buffer. Sufficient water is added to adjust the volume to 1 liter, and the solution is aerated with 95% oxygen -5% carbon dioxide. Usually 10 liters of buffer are used for an experiment with 4 tissues. After the tissues have been repeatedly washed and allowed to equilibrate in the tissue bath, they are challenged with 1.mu.M histamine. After maximum contractions have been obtained, the tissues are washed and allowed to relax back to baseline tension. This histamine challenge procedure is repeated at least 1 to 2 more times to obtain a repeatable control response. The average response to 1.mu.M histamine for each tissue is used to normalize all other challenges.
Responses of each tissue to a predetermined concentration of leukotriene are then obtained. Usually test compounds are examined initially at 30.mu.M on resting tension of the tissues without any added agonist or antagonist to determine if the compound has any possible intrinsic activity. The tissues are washed and the test compound is added again. Leukotriene is added after the desired preincubation time. The intrinsic activity of the compounds, and their effect on leikotriene-induced contractions are then recorded.
The results of this test for of the compounds of the this invention indicates that these compounds are considered to be useful leukotriene antagonists.
Inhibitions of (.sup.3 H)-LTD.sub.4 Binding Membranes from Guinea Pig Lung.
This procedure was adapted from Mong et al. 1984. Male guinea pigs are sacrificed by decapitation and their lungs are quickly removed and placed in a beaker containing ice-cold homgenization buffer. The lungs are separated from connective tissue, minced with scissors, blotted dry and weighed. The tissue is then homogenized in 40 volumes (w/v) of homogenization buffer with a Polytron at a setting of 6 for 30 seconds. The homogenate is centrifuged at 1000.times.g for 10 minutes (e.g. 3500 RPM, SS-34 Rotor). The supernatant is filtered through two layers of cheese cloth and centrifuged at 30,000.times.g for 30 minutes (e.g. 18,500 RPM SS-34 Rotor), after which the resulting pellet is resuspended in 20 volumes of assay buffer by hand homoginization using a Dounce homogenizer. The final pellet is resuspended in 10 volumes of assay buffer and kept at 4.degree. C. until use.
Each assay tube (16.times.100 mm) contains the following:
Incubations are done at 25.degree. C. for 20 minutes in a shaking water bath. Reactions are started by the addition of the protein preparation. At the end of the incubation time, 4.0 ml of cold wash buffer is added to the tube. After being vortexed, the contents of the tube are immediately poured over a Whatman GF/C Filter (25 mm diameter) which is sitting in a vacuum manifold (e.g., Millipore Model No. 3025 manifold) to which a partial vacuum is applied. The filters are immediately washed with an additional 15 ml of cold buffer. The filters are transferred to 7 ml plastic scintillation vials to which 6.0 ml of appropriate scintillation fluid (e.g., Scintiverse) is added. After being allowed to equilibrate for 4-6 hours, the radioactivity is counted with a liquid scintillation counter appropriately set for tritium.
The required control assay tubes include the following:
The results of this test indicate that the compounds for this invention exhibit valuable properties which are useful in the treatment of inflammatory conditions and allergic responses.
The compounds of the present invention can be administered to a mammalian host in a variety of forms adapted to the chosen route of administration, i.e., orally, or parenterally. Parenteral administration in this respect includes administration by the following routes: intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, intraocular, intrasynovial, transepthelially including transdermal, opthalmic, sublingual and buccal; topically including opthalmic, dermal, ocular, rectal and nasal inhalation via insufflation and aerosol.
The active compound may be orally administered, for example, with an inert diluent or with an assimilable edible carrier, or it may be enclosed in hard or soft shell gelatin capsules, or it may be compressed into tablets, or it may be incorporated directly with the food of the diet. For oral therapeutic administration, the active compound may be incorporated with excipient and used in the form of ingestible tablets, buccal tablets, troches, capsules, elixirs, suspensions, syrups, wafers, and the like. Such compositions and preparations should contain at least 0.1% of active compound. The percentage of the compositions and preparations may, of course, be varied and may conveniently be between about 2 to about 6% of the weight of the unit. The amount of active compound in such therapeutically useful compositions is such that a suitable dosage will be obtained. Preferred compositions or preparations according to the present invention are prepared so that an oral dosage unit form contains between about 50 and 300 mg of active compound.
The tablets, troches, pills, capsules and the like may also contain the following: A binder such as gum tragacanth, acacia, corn starch or gelatin; excipients such as dicalcium phosphate; a disintegrating agent such as corn starch, potato starch, alginic acid and the like; a lubricant such as magnesium stearate; and a sweetening agent such as sucrose, lactose or saccharin may be added or a flavoring agent such as peppermint, oil of wintergreen, or cherry flavoring. When the dosage unit form is a capsule, it may contain, in addition to materials of the above type, a liquid carrier. Various other materials may be present as coatings or to otherwise modify the physical form of the dosage unit. For instance, tablets, pills, or capsules may be coated with shellac, sugar or both. A syrup or elixir may contain the active compound, sucrose as a sweetening agent, methyl and propyl parabens a preservatives, a dye and flavoring such as cherry or orange flavor. Of course, any material used in preparing any dosage unit form should be pharmaceutically pure and substantially non-toxic in the amounts employed. In addition, the active compound may be incorporated into sustained-release preparations and formulations.
The active compound may also be administered parenterally or intraperitoneally. Solutions of the active compound as a free base or pharmacologically acceptable salt can be prepared in water suitably mixed with a surfactant such as hydroxypropylcellulose. Dispersion can also be prepared in glycerol, liquid polyethylene glycols, and mixtures thereof and in oils. Under ordinary conditions of storage and use, these preparations contain a preservative to prevent the growth of microorganisms.
The pharmaceutical forms suitable for injectable use include sterile aqueous solutions or dispersions and sterile powders for the extemporaneous preparation of sterile injectable solutions or dispersions. In all cases the form must be sterile and must be fluid to the extent that easy syringability exists. It may be stable under the conditions of manufacture and storage and must be preserved against the contaminating action of microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. The carrier can be a solvent or dispersion medium containing, for example, water, ethanol, polyol (for example, glycerol, propylene glycol, and liquid polyethylene glycol, and the like), suitable mixtures thereof, and vegetable oils. The proper fluidity can be maintained, for example, by the use of a coating such as lecithin, by the maintenance of the required particle size in the case of dispersion and by the use of surfactants. The prevention of the action of microorganisms can be brought about by various antibacterial and antifungal agents, for example, parabens, chlorobutanol, phenol, sorbic acid, thimersal, and the like. In many cases, it will be preferable to include isotonic agents, for example, sugars or sodium chloride. Prolonged absorption of the injectable compositions of agents delaying absorption, for example, aluminum monostearate and gelatin.
Sterile injectable solutions are prepared by incorporating the active compound in the required amount in the appropriate solvent with various of the other ingredients enumerated above, as required, followed by filtered sterilization. Generally, dispersions are prepared by incorporating the various sterilized active ingredient into a sterile vehicle which contains the basic dispersion medium and the required other ingredients from those enumerated above. In the case of sterile powders for the preparation of sterile injectable solutions, the preferred methods of preparation are vacum drying and the freeze drying technique which yield a powder of the active ingredient plus any additional desired ingredient from previously sterile-filtered solution thereof.
The therapeutic compounds of this invention may be administered to a mammal alone or in combination with pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, as noted above, the proportion of which ls determined by the solubility and chemical nature of the compound, chosen route of administration and standard pharmaceutical practice
The physician will determine the dosage of the present therapeutic agents which will be most suitable for prophylaxis or treatment and it will vary with the form of administration and the particular compound chosen, and also, it will vary with the particular patient under treatment. He will generally wish to initiate treatment with small dosages by small increments until the optimum effect under the circumstances is reached. The therapeutic dosage will generally be from 0.1 to 100.mu.M/day or from about 0.1 mg to about 50 mg/kg of body weight per day and higher although it may be administered in several different dosage units. Higher dosages are required for oral administration.
The compounds of the present invention may be prepared by the following representative examples
PCT Information
| Filing Document |
Filing Date |
Country |
Kind |
102e Date |
371c Date |
| PCT/US88/03896 |
11/1/1988 |
|
|
4/20/1990 |
4/20/1990 |
| Publishing Document |
Publishing Date |
Country |
Kind |
| WO89/04304 |
5/18/1989 |
|
|
US Referenced Citations (6)
Patent Grant
5028615
