Electronic equipment cooling practices may typically include air convection systems. In air convection systems fans are used to force moving air past heat producing electronic components to remove waste heat. Air convection systems are mainly used in situations where there is a low density of electronic components. However, as electronic components have grown more complex, air convection systems, in many instances, are insufficient to cool a high density of electronic components. Alternative cooling systems, such as liquid cooling systems, often require a high degree of maintenance and include a high degree of risk to the electronic components.
Examples of the present disclosure may include methods and systems for cooling electronic components housed in a rack. An example system for cooling electronic components housed in a rack may include a frame including a number of dividers internal to the rack that define a plurality of sections within the rack. Moreover, an example system for cooling electronic components housed in a rack may further include a number of electronics sections including at least a first number of electronic components, and a number of cooling sections including at least a first cooling system that cools at least the first number of electronic components via heat transfer through the number of dividers.
The figures herein follow a numbering convention in which the first digit or digits correspond to the drawing figure number and the remaining digits identify an element or component in the drawing. Similar elements or components between different figures may be identified by the use of similar digits. For example, 112 may reference element “12” in
As used herein, “a” or “a number of” something can refer to one or more such things. For example, “a number of widgets” can refer to one or more widgets.
The cooling needs of rack mounted electronic components vary greatly depending on the function of the equipment. High Performance Computing (HPC) applications may have a higher power density and as a result a higher heat output than non-HPC applications. However, HPC applications and non-HPC applications are typically cooled similarly by air cooling systems. In air cooling systems, fans move air from the front of a rack to the back of a rack according to some previous approaches. Fans may create undesirable noise disturbance in equipment with high power density. Heat extraction by air cooling systems can create large volumes of heated air. The heated air can be cooled by HVAC equipment according to some previous approaches which can create a burden on the HVAC equipment and incur operational expenses. This HVAC equipment refers to the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems in a building. In many instances, air cooling systems are insufficient to cool HPC applications.
In an example of the present disclosure, a rack and the cooling systems that are in the rack can be configured to the cooling needs of electronic components that it houses. Additionally, the different sections within a rack can be configured to fit the space needs and cooling needs of electronic components housed in the rack. The rack described in the present disclosure can be combined in different configurations with traditional racks that house electronic components. This can provide greater flexibility in cooling electronic components and may house a higher density of electronic components (e.g., HPC applications) than some previous approaches. Furthermore, a number of embodiments may reduce operating expenses and noise disturbance associated with a rack.
In some examples of the present disclosure, the frame 100a can have a section 106 that can house a first number of electronic components, a section 104 that can house a second number of electronic components, and a section 112 that can house a cooling system 102. Electronic components can include server devices, storage devices, and other computation centered devices although electronic components are not limited to such devices. In some examples, the electronic components can be blades, such as server blades. Each of the sections in frame 100a can be distinguished from the other sections by a plurality of dividers. For example, a first divider 108-1 can distinguish section 106 from section 112. Additionally, a second divider 108-2 can distinguish section 104 from section 112.
In an example of the present disclosure, a cooling system can cool electronic components through the plurality of dividers. For example, cooling system 102 can cool electronic components 114-1 through divider 108-1. Moreover, cooling system 102 can cool electronic components 114-2 through divider 108-2. In an example, the heat produced by electronic components 114-1 can be directed towards divider 108-1. The heat produced by electronic components 114-2 can be directed towards divider 108-2. The dividers, e.g., 108-1 and 108-2, can function as conductive cooling receivers. That is, heat brought to the dividers can be removed from section 106 and section 104 into the dividers by conduction and the heat can then be removed from the divider by liquid circulation.
Divider 108-1 and divider 108-2 can extend from the back inner panel 137-2 of frame 100a to the front inner panel 137-1 of frame 100a without extending to the front door 138-1 or the back door 138-2. The front inner panel 137-1 and the back inner panel 137-2 can be continuous across section 104, section 112, and section 106 or sectional such that each panel includes multiple portions interconnected, for example, at the divider 108-1 and the divider 108-2. Front inner panel 137-1 and back inner panel 137-2 can have the same or different configurations. Other configurations for the front inner panel 137-1 and back inner panel 137-2 can be employed without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.
The cooling system 102, e.g., closed loop air cooling system and liquid cooling system, can include a number of fans (e.g., fan 133-1, fan 133-2, fan 133-3, and fan 133-4), an air-to-liquid heat exchanger 140, and/or a number of heat receiving structures 136. Examples are not limited to including a particular number of fans, air-to-liquid heat exchangers, and/or a number of heat receiving structures 136. In an example of the present disclosure, the air-to- liquid heat exchanger 140 can be connected (not shown) to a cool liquid input 117 and a warm liquid output 116 while the heat receiving structures 136 can also be connected (not shown) to a cool liquid input 117 and a warm liquid output 116. In some examples of the present disclosure, the air-to-liquid heat exchanger 140 can be connected (not shown) to a cool liquid input 117 and a warm liquid output 116 while the heat receiving structures 136 can receive (not shown) liquid from the output (not shown) of the air-to-liquid heat exchanger 140 and can be connected (not shown) to a warm liquid output 116. The cool liquid input 117 and the warm liquid output 116 can be housed in a source which can be located at the rack level, CDU (Coolant Distribution Unit) level, and/or the facility level. An air-to-liquid heat exchanger 140 can be air permeable. An air-to-liquid heat exchanger 140 can remove heat from the air by moving heat from the air that is circulated within frame 100a to a liquid in the air-to-liquid heat exchanger 140.
The fans 133 can circulate air from the back of section 112 to the front of section 112, out of section 112 into the front plenum 139-1, out of the front plenum 139-1 through section 104 and section 106, into the back plenum 139-2, and then through the air-to-liquid heat exchanger 140 back into section 112. The air can be heated by the electronic components while in section 104 and section 106. The air-to-liquid heat exchanger 140 can cool air such that the re-circulated air can be cool when it reaches the front plenum 139-1. The front door 138-1 can help to re-direct the cool air from the front of section 112 to the front of section 104 and section 106. The back door 138-2 can help to re-direct the warm air from the back of section 106 and section 104 to the back of section 112.
A cooling system 102 can include any number of cooling systems in any number of configurations. In an example of present disclosure, a cooling system 102 can include an air cooling system. In cooling system 102, a fan 133 can be located in the back of the frame 100c. The cooling system 102 can circulate air from the front of section 112 to the back of section 112. Although cooling system 102 can circulate air in a number of directions. For example, cooling system 102 can circulate air from the back of section 112 to the front of section 112. In a number of examples, a fan can be located on any surface in a section within a frame. For example, a fan can be located on the front panel of section 112, the top panel of section 12, or any other panel within section 112.
In a number of examples, air circulation can cool a number of dividers. For example, the fan 133 in section 112 can circulate air within the section 112. The circulation of air can cool a number of dividers. For example, the fan 133, in cooling system 102, can circulate air which can cool divider 108-1 and divider 108-2. The air circulation created by the cooling system 102 can create a temperature difference between section 112 and section 106 and section 104 and section 112. Heat can travel from one section to another section when there is a temperature difference between two sections. For example, heat can travel from section 106 through divider 108-1 and into section 112 and heat can travel from section 104 through divider 108-2 and into section 112.
In a number of examples, the dividers can function as a radiator. That is, in a number of examples, the dividers can function to release heat from one section to another section. Dividers can include materials that efficiently disperse heat. Such materials can include GrafTech (e.g., a graphite material) although a divider can be constructed from any number of materials and is not limited to GrafTech. A divider can also include portions of a divider that efficiently disperses heat. For example, divider 108-1 and divider 108-2 can include a number of heat blocks 130 of a material that efficiently disperses heat. A heat block can include a square or a rectangular piece of material with fins and ridges to increase the surface of the heat block although heat blocks can include other shapes. Materials used in heat blocks can include aluminum and copper although a heat block can be made from other materials. Aluminum and copper can be used because the heat conductivity of metal is greater than the heat conductivity of air. Efficiently dispersing heat refers to the selection of materials with a high level of heat conductivity as compared to the heat conductivity of other materials used in the construction of a frame. In an example of the present disclosure, a number of heat blocks 130 can be built into divider 108-1 and divider 108-2. That is, divider 108-1 and a group of a number of heat blocks 130 can be a single unit and divider 108-2 and a group of a number of heat blocks 130 can be single unit. Likewise, in a number of examples of the present disclosure, a number of heat blocks 130 can be attached to divider 108-1 and divider 108-2. That is, a number of heat blocks 130, divider 108-1 and divider 108-2 can be separate units.
Frame 200 can have a front, a back, a top, and a bottom. The front of frame 200 can include the front of section 206, the front of section 204, and the front of section 212. The front of frame 200 can include an opening through which electronic components can be installed in frame 200. Such that, electronic components can be installed from the front of frame 200 towards the back of frame 200. Furthermore, the frame 200 can have a front door (not shown) offset from a front inner panel (not shown) and a back door (not shown) offset from a back inner panel (not shown) to create a front plenum (not shown) and a back plenum (not shown) for a closed loop air cooling system. The front door, front inner panel, back door, back inner panel, front plenum, and back plenum can be analogous to the front door 138-1, front inner panel 137-1, back door 138-2, back inner panel 137-2, front plenum 139-1, and back plenum 139-2 illustrated in
In some examples of the present disclosure, a frame 200 can include a number of dividers. Dividers can include a continuous solid panel. For example, divider 208-1 and divider 208-2 can be continuous solid panels. In a number of examples of the present disclosure, dividers can be attached to the frame 200. For example, a first divider 208-1 and second divider 208-2 can be attached to the top of frame 200 and to the bottom of the frame 200. Likewise, divider 208-1 and divider 208-2 can be attached to the front of frame 200 and to the back of frame 200. In some embodiments, a first divider and a second divider can partially extend from the front of a frame to the back of a frame. That is, a first divider can extend from the front of a frame to the back of the frame and not touch the front of the frame or the back of the frame.
In
In an example of the present disclosure, section 212 can house multiple cooling sub-systems. For example, section 212 can house a cooling system 202 that can include an air-to-liquid heat exchanger 140 and heat receiving structure 236-1, heat receiving structure 236-2, heat receiving structure 236-3, heat receiving structure 236-4, heat receiving structure 236-5, heat receiving structure 236-6, heat receiving structure 236-7, and heat receiving structure 236-8 (referred to generally as heat receiving structures 236). The air-to-liquid heat exchanger 240 can be analogous to the air-to-liquid heat exchanger 140 illustrated in
Heat receiving structures 236 can transfer heat from section 206 and section 204 into a liquid that is circulated from the air-to-liquid heat exchanger 240 into heat receiving structures 236 and out of the frame 200. Heat receiving structures 236 can be configured to transfer heat at different rates. As mentioned above, electronic components can produce heat at different rates. Heat receiving structure 236-1 can be configured to transfer heat at a rate that meets the cooling needs of electronic components 214-1, heat receiving structure 236-2 can be configured to transfer heat at a rate that meets the cooling needs of electronic components 214-2, heat receiving structure 236-3 can be configured to transfer heat at a rate that meets the cooling needs of electronic components 214-3, heat receiving structure 236-4 can be configured to transfer heat at a rate that meets the cooling needs of electronic components 214-4, heat receiving structure 236-5 can be configured to transfer heat at a rate that meets the cooling needs of electronic components 214-5, heat receiving structure 236-6 can be configured to transfer heat at a rate that meets the cooling needs of electronic components 214-6, heat receiving structure 236-7 can be configured to transfer heat at a rate that meets the cooling needs of electronic components 214-7, and heat receiving structure 236-8 can be configured to transfer heat at a rate that meets the cooling needs of electronic components 214-8.
A cooling system 202 can include a number of fans 233 in section 212 and a number of fans (not shown) in section 206 and section 204. The number of fans 233 can circulate air from the back of section 212 to the front of section 212, out of section 212 and into the front plenum, out of the front plenum through section 204 and section 206, into the back plenum, and then through the air-to-liquid heat exchanger 240 back into section 212.
Frame 452 can be used to house rack infrastructure equipment although frame 452 is not limited to such. Frame infrastructure equipment can include network equipment 456 and power equipment 458. Network equipment 456 can provide networking capabilities to frame 450, frame 452, and frame 454. For example, networking equipment 456 can provide networking capabilities to electronic components 414. Additionally, networking equipment 456 can provide networking capabilities to cooling system 402. Power equipment 458 can provide power to frame 450, frame 452, and frame 454. For example, power equipment 458 can provide power to electronic components 414 and cooling system 402.
Frame 454 can include a number of sections that can house electronic components. For example, frame 454 can include section 404-2 that can house electronic components 414, section 406-2 that can house electronic components 414, and section 412-2 that can house electronic components 414. Section 406-2 can be divided from section 412-2 by divider 408-3 and section 404-2 can be divided from section 412-2 by divider 408-4. Frame 454 can include a cooling system. For example, frame 454 can include an air cooling system 432 which can include a number of fans (not all fans are illustrated) in section 404-2, section 412-2, and section 406-2. The fans can be located at the back panel of frame 454. The number of fans can circulate air from the front of frame 454 to the back of frame 454.
In some examples of the present disclosure, a cooling system in a frame can cool a number of sections in a different frame. For example, a cooling system 402 in section 412-1 in frame 450 can cool frame infrastructure equipment (e.g., network equipment 456 and power equipment 458) in frame 452 and section 404-2, section 406-2, and section 412-2 in frame 454.
In a number of examples of the present disclosure, frames can be configured to support other frames. For example, frame structure 400 can be configured such that frame 450 can supports frame 452 and frame 452 can support frame 454. In an example of the present disclosure, frame 454 can support frame 452 and frame 452 can support frame 450.
Furthermore, frame 450, frame 452, and frame 454 can include a front door (not shown) offset from a front inner panel (not shown) and a back door (not shown) offset from a back inner panel (not shown) to create a front plenum (not shown) and a back plenum (not shown) for a closed loop air cooling system. That is, a front inner panel can include a panel that extends over the front of section 406-1, section 406-2, section 412-1, section 412-2, section 404-1, section 404-2, network equipment 456, and power equipment 458. A back inner panel can include a panel that extends over the back of section 406-1, section 406-2, section 412-1, section 412-2, section 404-1, section 404-2, network equipment 456, and power equipment 458. In a number of examples of the present disclosure, a front panel and a back panel can extend over a portion of frame 450, frame 452, and frame 454.
Additionally, a closed loop air cooling system can include cooling system 402, and air cooling system 432. In some examples of the present disclosure, a closed loop air cooling system can cool a number of sections in a number of frames. For example, closed loop air cooling system can cool section 406-1, section 406-2, section 412-1, section 412-2, section 404-1, section 404-2, networking equipment 456, and power equipment 458. In an example of the present disclosure, a closed loop air cooling system can cool a number of sections in a single frame. For example, closed loop air cooling system can cool section 406-1, section 412-1, and section 404-1 in frame 450.
In a number of examples of the present disclosure, frame 450, frame 452, and frame 454 can be configured to be horizontally next to each other. For example, frame 450 can be horizontally next to frame 452 and frame 452 can be horizontally next to frame 454. A number of frame configurations can be achieved in a number of examples of the present disclosure and frame configurations should not be limited to the examples listed herein.
The above specification, examples and data provide a description of the method and applications, and use of the system and method of the present disclosure. Since many examples can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the system and method of the present disclosure, this specification merely sets forth some of the many possible embodiment configurations and implementations.
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
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PCT/US2012/028744 | 3/12/2012 | WO | 00 | 7/31/2014 |