The present invention relates to a structure of power storage system etc., and more particularly to a rack structure, a power storage system, and a method of assembling a rack structure, in which the rack structure can be assembled easily without requiring complicated electric wiring between battery shelves or between a battery shelf and a rack.
Conventionally, it has been proposed to use a power storage system, which has a plurality of chargeable and dischargeable battery units, as a backup power source etc. for a computer system or a household. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a power storage system in which a plurality of battery units and a control unit controlling the battery units are housed in one housing case.
While the configuration described in Patent Document 1 includes only several battery units, configuring a higher-power power storage system requires a larger number of battery units to be accommodated. For such medium- to large-size power storage systems, a configuration would be conceived in which several battery units are accommodated inside a shelf (also called a case), and this sub-assembled shelf is mounted on a rack (the shelf may be mounted on the rack before being loaded with battery units).
However, in such a configuration, if it is necessary for a worker to wire a connection cord etc. for electric connection between battery shelves, for example, the work is complicated and might lead to wiring mistakes.
In view of the above problem, the present invention aims to provide a rack structure a power storage system, and a method of assembling a rack structure, in which the rack structure can be assembled easily without requiring complicated electric wiring between battery shelves or between a battery shelf and a rack.
A rack structure of one embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above aim is as follows:
1. A rack structure, comprising:
a battery shelf for accommodating a plurality of battery units;
a rack in which at least one battery shelf is mounted; and
a connector which electrically connects the battery shelf and the rack with each other, wherein
the connector has a first connector member disposed on a rear surface of the battery shelf and a second connector member disposed on the rack side.
The rack structure is configured such that the first connector member and the second connector member are connected with each other while the battery shelf is moved to a predetermined mounting position in the rack.
“Battery unit” has one or more chargeable and rechargeable storage batteries (battery cells), and is sometimes called a “battery module” etc.
“Battery shelf” is a case for accommodating battery units, and is typically a box-shaped case having an opening in one part through which the battery units are inserted. Various forms of battery shelves other than the box-shaped one are possible as long as they have the function of housing and retaining battery units.
According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a rack structure, a power storage system, and a method of assembling a rack structure, in which the rack structure can be assembled easily without requiring complicated electric wiring between battery shelves or between a battery shelf and a rack.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to drawings. In the drawings, components having the same function are assigned the same reference numbers or corresponding reference numbers.
As shown in
Battery shelf assembly 50 refers to a battery shelf 55, a housing case, loaded with a plurality of battery units 30 (to be described in detail later). The battery shelf assemblies 50-1 to 50-3 are basically the same in configuration. In the battery shelf assembly 50-3 in the bottom tier of the three, a breaker unit 80 is disposed in place of a part of the battery units 30.
The control unit 70 is configured to control operations of the power storage system 1, and is composed of one or more control devices.
The storage battery system 1 as a whole has at least one of the following functions:
(a) supplying power from the battery units 30 to any external device or system;
(b) charging each battery unit 30 upon receiving a power supply from the outside;
(c) controlling timing of start/stop of charge and discharge, or monitoring the state of each battery unit 30 by means of the control unit 70 and the breaker unit 80;
(d) determining whether or not temperature of one or more battery units 30 is within a proper range, by using functions of the control unit 70 and the breaker unit 80;
(e) determining whether or not there is any defect in one or more battery units 30, by using functions of the control unit 70 and the breaker unit 80; and
(f) determining, for a certain battery unit 30, how much the battery unit has been used and determining on this basis whether or not replacement is necessary, by using functions of the control unit 70 and the breaker unit 80.
For example, the above (d) may be such a function that determines whether or not a detected temperature obtained from a temperature sensor etc. is within a predetermined range. The above (e) may be such a function that, on the basis of a predetermined parameter for a battery (e.g., a parameter such as a voltage value or a current value, or a characteristic curve during charge and discharge of the battery), compares such a parameter with certain criteria and determines whether there is any defect.
Although the number of the battery units 30 is not particularly limited, in this embodiment, three shelves accommodate a total of 24 battery units 30, all of which are electrically connected in series. It is not necessary that all units are connected in series, and, for example, combination of series connection and parallel connection may be used.
As shown in
Pair of retaining plates 15L, 15R are provided at three positions in vertical direction as shown in
It is preferable that the inner strut 12 has a plurality of screw holes formed in vertical direction which enable mounting positions (in height direction) of the retaining plates 15L, 15R to be adjustable. Accordingly, various sizes of battery shelf assemblies can be accommodated. Depending on a size for battery shelf assembly, a number of tiers of rack may be two or less or four or more.
As shown in
“Floating structure” refers to a structure in which one connector member is configured to be movable relative to the other connector member to thereby absorb displacement (e.g., 1 mm or larger, 2 mm or larger, 3 mm or larger, or 5 mm or larger) in relative positions of the connector members. “Floating connector” refers to a connector having such a floating structure.
Bracket 17 may be of any shape which can retain the other connector 191, and the bracket is not limited to the plate-like shape. Bracket 17 may be configured to be movable in front-back direction, left-right direction, and/or vertical direction, etc. (to be described in detail below).
Example of the specific configuration will be described with reference to
In this example, the support member 25 is an elongated member extending in left-right direction. With no limitation intended, support member 25 may be a metal member having a substantially concave-shaped cross-section. Connector 191 is fixed on the support member 25 with screws or bolts S, and in this state, a part of the connector 191 (connection terminals 191p, 191q, etc.) protrudes to rear side through an opening 25a of the support member 25.
Coupling members 26 are attached respectively to both ends of the support member 25 (only one is shown in
Two elongated holes 26a extending in vertical direction are formed in the flat surface 26-1. Screws 51 are passed through these elongated holes 26a, and the leading end sides of the screws 51 are screwed into screw holes in the end portion of the support member 25. Since longitudinal dimension and lateral dimension of the elongated hole 26a are sufficiently large relative to shaft diameter of the screw 51, even after the screw is tightened, the support member 25 is movable in all the directions of the vertical direction, the left-right direction, and the oblique direction. Movability range may be 1 mm to several mm.
In the flat surface 26-2, two round holes 26b having a relatively large diameter are formed. Screws S2 are passed through these round holes 26b, and the leading end sides of the screws S2 are screwed into screw holes formed in the strut 11. Since the inner diameter of the round hole 26b is sufficiently large relative to the shaft diameter of the screw S2, even after the screw is tightened, the coupling member 26 (and the entire bracket 17) is movable in vertical direction, front-back direction, etc. In this case, too, movability range may be 1 mm to several mm.
In the following, the configuration of the battery shelf assembly 50 will be described in detail.
As shown in
The battery unit 30 has a plurality of battery cells (not shown) disposed inside a casing 31 having a thin, vertically long shape as a whole. A front plate 32 is disposed on the front the casing 31, and a handle 33 is disposed approximately at the center of the plate 32. Upper end and lower end of the front plate 32 are configured to be fixed on a part of the battery shelf 55 after the battery units 30 are set inside the battery shelf 55. Fixing means may be fixing screws 37, for example.
The battery unit 30 may have a sensor (not shown) for detecting temperature of the battery cells inside or an electronic circuit (not shown) for outputting a detection result to the outside. On the rear surface of the casing 31, a power connector (
Battery shelf 55 will be described. As shown in
In this embodiment, the battery unit 30 is configured to be inserted while being slid into the battery shelf 55, and for guiding purpose (for the insertion along a guide groove), the upper surface and the lower surface inside the battery shelf 55 are provided with guide members 53a, 53b. With no limitation intended, the guide members 53a, 53b may be straight members disposed parallel to one another.
A connector with a floating structure (floating connector) electrically connects the battery unit 30 and the battery shelf 55. This will be described in the following.
Non-movable connector member 121 is disposed at an electrode terminal of the battery unit 30. The non-movable connector member 121 has a base part 122 and a recessed part 123 formed in the base part 122. The recessed part 123 is a part into which a plug part 135 of the other connector member 131 is inserted as will be described below, and a taper part 123s is formed at inlet portion of the recessed part 123. A hole (not shown) is formed at each of the upper end and the lower end respectively of the base part 122. Fixing screws passed through the holes fix the non-movable connector member 121 to the rear surface of the battery unit 30.
Movable connector member 131 has a base part 132 and a plug part 135 protruding from the base part. The external shape of the plug part 135 corresponds to the recessed part 123 of the non-movable connector member 121. In order to facilitate insertion of the plug part 135 into the recessed part 123, the plug part 135 has a taper part 135s at its distal end, that makes the plug part 135 a tapered shape.
While in the connector 120 of
Floating structure of the connector 120 of this embodiment is configured by forming the taper part 135s at distal end portion of the plug part 135 and using the movable connector member 131 configured to be movable as will be described below. As shown in
Directions in which a movable connector member is movable may be one or a combination of vertical direction, left-right direction, and oblique direction, instead of all these directions. The configuration which allows movement of the movable connector member can be changed in various ways, and is not limited to the structure of
Moreover, the movable connector member 131 may be configured to be movable not only at least in vertical direction, left-right direction, and oblique direction, etc. within one plane but also in front-back direction (in one or a combination of vertical direction, left-right direction, oblique direction, and front-back direction). Range of movability may be about 1 mm to several mm, for example. In terms of the example of
Floating connector similar to that of
In this way, the battery units 30 are connected in series. Power of the battery shelf assemblies as a whole is output through a rear connector member 181 disposed at a power terminal part (not shown) on the rear surface of the battery shelf. The rear connector member 181 is identical to the non-movable connector member 121 of
As shown in
A signal connector 160 (see
In the present embodiment, power connector (connector member 131 in
Signal line (not shown) from the signal connector member 161 may be connected with external control means etc. through an opening 55a formed in a side surface of the battery shelf 55.
Without particularly limiting the present invention, an accommodating space may be formed in a bottom surface portion of the battery shelf 55, for example, and a BMU (control circuit: battery management unit) may be disposed there.
As shown in
The battery shelf assembly 50 configured as described above has the following functions:
(a) outputting power corresponding to the number of the battery units 30, and charging the battery units 30 at a predetermined timing;
(b) allowing input and output of electrical signals for each battery unit 30 through a signal line (not shown); and
(c) driving the cooling fans 64 at a predetermined timing to cool the battery units 30.
Next, an assembly method of the power storage system 1 of this embodiment will be described. The assembly method described below is merely an example of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited in any way by its procedure etc.
First, the rack 10 (
Since the connectors are connected with each other through the rear connector member 181 and the mating connector member 191 having the floating function, simply moving the battery shelf 55 to the back side completes electric connection. Even when there is some position gap, the gap can be absorbed by the floating connector 180.
As shown in
Next, the battery units 30 are loaded into the fixed battery shelf 55 one by one. Specifically, a user picks up the battery unit 30 and inserts it by sliding into the battery shelf 55. During this process, since the guide members 53a, 53b are formed in the upper surface and the lower surface inside the shelf, due to the guiding action, the battery unit 30 can be inserted straight.
Even when there is some misalignment between the non-movable connector member 121 on the battery unit 30 side and the movable connector member 131 on the shelf 55 side, it is possible to properly connecting the connectors with each other while absorbing position gap by means of the floating connector 120. With the signal connector 160, too, it is possible to connect the connector properly while absorbing position gap with the floating structure.
After the connector members 121, 131 have been connected with each other and the battery units 30 have been loaded into the battery shelf 55 through these steps, the upper end and the lower end of the front plate 32 are fixed on the battery shelf 55 with the fixing screws 37. Subsequently, loading other battery units 30 by the same procedure completes the assembly of the battery shelf assembly 50.
Further, the other two battery shelf assemblies 50 can also be assembled by the same procedure (for the battery shelf assembly 50-3, the breaker unit 80 is mounted). After all the three battery shelf assemblies 50 have been assembled, predetermined electric wiring work is performed, which completes the power storage system 1 of this embodiment. Examples of the predetermined electric wiring work include connecting the signal line from each battery shelf 50 with the control unit 75 fixed on the rack 10.
According to the configuration of this embodiment as described above, when the battery shelf 55 is mounted on the rack 10, the rear connector member 181 and the other connector member 191 are connected with each other while the battery shelf 55 is moved to a predetermined mounting position by being linearly moved from the front side to the back side of the rack 10. Therefore, it is not necessary for a worker to wire a connection cord etc. for electric wiring after physically mounting the battery shelf 55 on the rack 10. Moreover, removal of the battery shelf 55 involves no complicated work, since simply pulling the shelf toward oneself, after removing predetermined fixing means, can release the electric connection and remove the shelf.
Furthermore, since the floating connector is used as the power connector 180, even when some position gap (gap in vertical direction or left-right direction within a plane) occurs in relative positions of the connector members, it is possible to properly connect the connectors while absorbing the position gap.
As shown in
While one form of the present invention has been described with reference to the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described form but can be changed in various ways.
(a) In the above example, the configuration has been shown in which the plurality of battery units 30 are disposed laterally; however, for example, the plurality of battery units may be stacked in vertical direction, or may be disposed in a matrix arrangement.
(b) In the above example, the configuration has been shown in which both the power connector and the signal connector are a floating connector; however, only either one may be a floating connector.
(c) In the above example, the movable connector member of the floating connector is disposed on the shelf side and the non-movable connector member is disposed on the battery unit side; however, conversely, the movable connector member may be disposed on the battery unit side and the non-movable connector member may be disposed on the shelf side. Such a change is applicable to one or both of the power connector and the signal connector.
(d) In the above example, the configuration has been shown in which the plug part 135 is formed in the movable connector member 131; however, the plug part (protruding part) may be formed in the non-movable connector member 121, and each of the plug parts may be inserted into a recessed part of the movable connector member 131.
(e) The connection form of the batteries is not limited to series connection, various forms of connection can be adopted such as connecting at least part of the battery units in parallel, and connecting the shelves in parallel.
(f) The rear connector member 181 of
(g) The number of the racks 10 is not limited to one, two or more racks 10 may be disposed which are electrically connected with one another in series or in parallel. The racks 10 may be separated from or adjacent to one another.
(h) Regarding the configuration of
(i) The round hole 26b of the coupling member 26 may be a elongated hole so that the bracket 17 is movable at least in the front-back direction.
(j) A biasing member (e.g., a spring etc.) may be provided for biasing the bracket 17 forward.
The present application also discloses the following inventions:
1. A rack structure, comprising:
a battery shelf for accommodating a plurality of battery units;
a rack in which at least one battery shelf is mounted; and
a connector which electrically connects the battery shelf and the rack with each other, wherein
the connector has a first connector member disposed on a rear surface of the battery shelf and a second connector member disposed on the rack side.
2. The rack structure described as above, wherein the connector is a floating connector having a floating structure configured to absorb position gap between the first connector member and the second connector member.
3. The rack structure described as above, wherein the floating structure absorbs position gap (i) in at least one of vertical direction, left-right direction, and oblique direction, or (ii) in at least one of vertical direction, left-right direction, oblique direction, and front-back direction.
4. The rack structure described as above, wherein
the first connector member is a non-movable member, and
the second connector member is a movable member.
5. The rack structure according to claim described as above, wherein the movable member has a plug part, and the non-movable member has a recessed part into which the plug part is inserted, and a taper part is formed at least at distal end of the plug part.
6. The rack structure described as above, wherein retaining member, retaining the second connector member, is configured to be movable at least in a direction along direction of movement of the battery shelf, thereby absorbing position gap between the first and second connector members.
7. The rack structure described as above, wherein
the retaining member has:
a support member on which the second connector member is mounted; and
a coupling member which couples the support member to a part of the rack.
8. The rack structure described as above, wherein the coupling member is configured to be movable at least in front-back direction relative to the part of the rack.
9. The rack structure described as above, wherein the support member is configured to be movable at least in upper-lower direction relative to the coupling member.
10. A power storage system comprising:
the rack structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9; and
a plurality of battery units accommodated in the battery shelf.
11. A power storage system, further comprising:
a control unit for controlling operation of the plurality of battery units, the control unit is configured to perform at least one of the following processes:
determining whether or not the temperature of one or more battery units is within a proper range;
determining whether there is any defect in one or more battery units; and
determining, for a certain battery unit, how much the battery unit has been used, and determining on this basis whether or not replacement is necessary.
12. A method of assembling a rack structure by mounting a battery shelf, accommodating battery units, in a rack, wherein a first connector member is disposed on a rear surface of the battery shelf and a second connector member is disposed on the rack side, and the method comprising the steps of:
(a) linearly moving the battery shelf into the rack; and
(b) connecting the first connector member and the second connector member with each other while moving the battery shelf to a predetermined position in the rack.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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2012-244917 | Nov 2012 | JP | national |
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
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PCT/JP2013/079937 | 11/5/2013 | WO | 00 |