1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a radiation imaging apparatus which obtains, as an image, the intensity distribution of radiation transmitted through an object, a radiation imaging system, a method of controlling the radiation imaging apparatus, and a storage medium.
2. Description of the Related Art
There have been commercially available a radiation imaging apparatus which generates a clear radiation image by irradiating an object with radiation from a radiation generating apparatus, digitizing, as a radiation image, the intensity distribution of the radiation transmitted through the object, and performing image processing for the image, and a radiation imaging system including the radiation imaging apparatus.
In such a radiation imaging system, a radiation generating apparatus irradiates radiation and transfers the radiation image data obtained by a radiation imaging apparatus to an image processing apparatus such as a control computer for image processing and storage. The image processing apparatus causes a display apparatus such as a display to display a processed image. The radiation imaging apparatus is formed by stacking phosphors on pixels formed by photoelectric conversion elements and the like. The radiation imaging apparatus converts radiation into visible light by using phosphors, and holds the visible light as charge, thereby generating an image from the amount of charge read out. In this case, a dark current exists in each captured pixel. Under the circumstance, there is known a method of obtaining a clear image by correcting the influence of a dark current.
Japanese Patent No. 4352057 discloses a technique of correcting the influence of a dark current by performing imaging without radiation irradiation after radiation imaging under the same conditions as those for radiation imaging. A positive electrode type radiation generating apparatus which rotates and cools the positive electrode is known. Many high output radiation generating apparatuses are rotating positive electrode type apparatuses which can accumulate a large amount of heat in the positive electrode. A rotating positive electrode type radiation generating apparatus is designed to rotate the positive electrode by using a rotor. As a method of rotating the rotor, there is known a method of performing rotation control by making a magnetic field vary by controlling a current flowing in the coil. The radiation generating apparatus starts rotating the positive electrode before radiation irradiation and stops the rotation after radiation irradiation. The magnetic field varies differently when the rotational speed increases, decreases, and remains constant. For this reason, when the radiation imaging apparatus performs imaging near the rotating positive electrode type radiation generating apparatus, the imaging apparatus receives the influence of magnetic field variation due to rotor control. As a result, an induced current flows in a circuit for reading out charge from the image sensor in the radiation imaging apparatus and determining a charge value, and the circuit outputs, as a charge value, a value different from that held in the image sensor. This may cause artifacts in a generated image.
Japanese Patent No. 4726461 discloses a technique of preventing the occurrence of magnetic field variations by performing rotation control on the positive electrode using a spring.
The method disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 4726461, however, cannot reduce the possibility of the occurrence of artifacts in an image due to the influence of a rotor when using a rotating positive electrode type radiation generating apparatus which performs rotation control on the positive electrode by using the coil.
In addition, when using the method disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 4352057, a deceleration or acceleration period of the rotation of the positive electrode may overlap a charge readout period due to variations in radiation irradiation time. When these periods overlap, an artifact can occur in an image due to the influence of magnetic field variations.
In consideration of the above problem, the present invention provides a technique of reducing the occurrence of artifacts in an image due to the influence of the rotation of the positive electrode of a radiation generating apparatus.
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a radiation imaging apparatus comprising: an obtaining unit configured to obtain rotation control information of a positive electrode of a rotating positive electrode type radiation generating apparatus; an accumulation unit configured to accumulate charge; a readout unit configured to read out the charge based on the rotation control information while a rotational speed of the positive electrode is constant; and an image generating unit configured to generate an image by reading out the charge.
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a radiation imaging apparatus comprising: an obtaining unit configured to obtain rotation control information of a positive electrode of a rotating positive electrode type radiation generating apparatus; an accumulation unit configured to accumulate charge; a readout unit configured to read out the charge based on the rotation control information while a rotational speed of the positive electrode is constant, if preview display is not performed; and an image generation unit configured to generate an image by reading out the charge.
Further features of the present invention will be apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the relative arrangement of the components, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless it is specifically stated otherwise.
An example of the arrangement of a radiation imaging system will be described with reference to
The radiation imaging system includes an X-ray generating apparatus 100, an X-ray imaging apparatus 110, a signal conversion apparatus 120, a control computer 130, and a display 140. The constituent elements of the radiation imaging system are not limited to these apparatuses. The radiation imaging system may not include some of them or may further include other apparatuses. Alternatively, the functions of a plurality of apparatuses may be configured to be executed as one apparatus.
The X-ray generating apparatus 100 is a rotating positive electrode type radiation generating apparatus, which includes a negative electrode 101 which generates electron beams, a target 102 formed from tungsten or the like which generates X-rays upon being bombarded by electron beams, a positive electrode 103 which supports the target 102, and a rotor 104 which rotates the target 102 by using a coil to prevent the target 102 from being heated and fused upon being bombarded by electron beams.
The X-ray imaging apparatus 110 can obtain rotation control information concerning the rotor 104 of the X-ray generating apparatus 100, which indicates states during acceleration, constant speed control, deceleration, stoppage, and the like, via the signal conversion apparatus 120. The signal conversion apparatus 120 converts a signal to exchange information between the X-ray generating apparatus 100 and the X-ray imaging apparatus 110. The control computer 130 controls the X-ray imaging apparatus 110 and performs image processing. The display 140 displays information held by the control computer.
The relationship between the rotational speed of the rotor, the X-ray irradiation timing, and the readout timing of charge held in the image sensor in the X-ray imaging apparatus 110 will be described with reference to
In this case, as the rotational speed of the rotor 104 decreases (period 200) during charge readout processing for the generation of the F image, the magnetic field varies. Artifacts may occur in a generated image due to the influence of this magnetic field variation.
The charge readout timing according to the first embodiment for the reduction of the occurrence of such artifacts will be described with reference to
As described above, according to this embodiment, since no magnetic field variation due to rotor control occurs during charge readout operation, it is possible to reduce the occurrence of artifacts due to rotor control.
Note that the apparatus may perform only charge readout operation for the generation of an F image after the rotor stops rotating. It is also possible to use a method of grasping a state concerning the rotation of the rotor by measuring the power or current consumption of the X-ray generating apparatus instead of obtaining information concerning a control signal for the rotor from the X-ray generating apparatus 100 via the signal conversion apparatus 120.
The first embodiment has exemplified the arrangement for generating an X image by reading out charge after the rotor 104 stops rotating, and further generating an F image by reading out charge to correct a dark current. In contrast to this, in the second embodiment, the apparatus generates an X image by reading out charge immediately after X-ray irradiation, and determines whether the deceleration period of the rotor overlaps the period during which an F1 image is generated by reading out charge to correct a dark current. If these periods overlap, the apparatus generates an F2 image by further reading out charge to correct a dark current after the lapse of the deceleration period of the rotor. The apparatus then obtains a final image by performing correction based on the difference between the X image and the F2 image. If the periods do not overlap, the apparatus obtains a final image by performing correction based on the difference between the X image and the F1 image. Note that when using an X image for preview display, since higher priority is given to display speed than to image quality, the F1 image may be used for dark current correction even if the deceleration period of the motor overlaps the period during which the F1 image is generated by reading out charge to correct a dark current. That is, the apparatus determines whether the X image is used for preview display, and generates, if the image is not used for preview display, an F2 image by further reading out charge to correct a dark current after the lapse of the deceleration period of the rotor.
The charge readout timing according to the second embodiment for the reduction of the occurrence of artifacts will be described with reference to
Note that since the readout period for the generation of the F1 image changes with a change in the X-ray irradiation time A1, the X-ray irradiation time determines whether the deceleration period of the rotor overlaps the charge readout period for the generation of the F1 image. For this reason, the apparatus determines whether the period during which charge is read out to generate the F1 image and the deceleration period 400 of the rotor 104 have an overlapping period. If there is no overlapping period, the apparatus may not perform charge readout operation for the generation of the F2 image. The apparatus may calculate the difference between the X image and the F1 image and obtain a final image by performing correction based on the difference.
It is possible to use a method of grasping a state concerning the rotation of the rotor by measuring the power or current consumption of the X-ray generating apparatus instead of obtaining the information of a control signal for the rotor from an X-ray generating apparatus 100 via a signal conversion apparatus 120.
As described above, according to this embodiment, it is possible to obtain an X image by X-ray irradiation before a deceleration period and obtain a final image early after correction when obtaining an F image for correcting the influence of a dark current before a deceleration period of the rotor. Even if an F image is obtained after a deceleration period of the rotor, it is possible to obtain a final image with reduced artifacts originating from the rotor.
The third embodiment will exemplify an arrangement configured to estimate whether charge readout operation is complete before the rotor stops rotating and selectively execute the processing in the first embodiment and the processing in the second embodiment depending on the estimation result.
A procedure for processing according to the third embodiment will be described with reference to the flowchart of
In step S502, the X-ray imaging apparatus 110 starts imaging. In this case, the X-ray imaging apparatus 110 becomes ready for imaging in response to an instruction from a control computer 130. In step S503, an X-ray generating apparatus 100 starts X-ray irradiation in response to the pressing of an irradiation button (not shown) by the user. Assume that in this case, the apparatus rotates a rotor 104 before the start of X-ray irradiation and then starts X-ray irradiation.
In step S504, the X-ray generating apparatus 100 stops X-ray irradiation in response to the time-out of the X-ray irradiation time set in advance or the releasing of the irradiation button by the user. In step S505, the X-ray imaging apparatus 110 estimates a rotor stop time and a charge readout time based on a period T measured in advance in step S501 and the X-ray irradiation time, obtained from steps S503 and S504, during which the X-rays have been actually irradiated.
In step S506, the X-ray imaging apparatus 110 determines, based on the above estimation, whether charge readout operation for the generation of a radiation image is complete before the rotation of the rotor begins to decelerate (within the period T from the stoppage of X-ray irradiation). If the X-ray imaging apparatus 110 determines that the charge readout operation is complete (YES in step S506), the process advances to step S509. If the X-ray imaging apparatus 110 determines that the charge readout operation is not complete (NO in step S506), the process advances to step S507.
In step S507, the X-ray imaging apparatus 110 stands by until the rotor stops. In step S508, the X-ray imaging apparatus 110 generates a radiation image by reading out charge after the rotor stops, and then generates a correction image for correcting the influence of a dark current by further reading out charge after the lapse of a predetermined period. The processing in each of steps S506 to S508 corresponds to image generation according to the first embodiment described with reference to
In step S509, the X-ray imaging apparatus 110 generates a radiation image by reading out charge for the generation of a radiation image. Thereafter, the X-ray imaging apparatus 110 generates a correction image for the correction of the influence of a dark current by further reading out charge after the lapse of a predetermined period.
In step S510, the X-ray imaging apparatus 110 determines whether the charge readout period for the generation of a correction image overlaps the deceleration period of the rotor. If the X-ray imaging apparatus 110 determines that the periods overlap (YES in step S510), the process returns to step S507. In this case, however, since a radiation image has already been generated, the X-ray imaging apparatus 110 generates, in step S508, a correction image for the correction of the influence of a dark current by reading out charge after the rotor stops. If the X-ray imaging apparatus 110 determines that the periods do not overlap (NO in step S510), the process advances to step S511.
In step S511, the X-ray imaging apparatus 110 generates a correction image for the correction of the influence of a dark current by reading out charge after the lapse of a predetermined period. The series of processing in steps S507 to S511 corresponds to the image generation according to the second embodiment described with reference to
The period from the instant X-ray irradiation stops to the instant the rotor completely stops rotating may be a period T instead of the period from the instant X-ray irradiation stops to the instant the rotational speed of the rotor begins to decrease. If the period T from the instant X-ray irradiation stops to the instant the rotational speed of the rotor begins to decrease is not uniquely determined, the apparatus may perform measurement a plurality of conditions in advance, obtain a function (T=F(t)) for obtaining the period T from the instant X-ray irradiation stops to the instant the rotational speed of the rotor begins to decrease by using the X-ray irradiation time t, and estimate by using the obtained function whether charge readout operation is complete before the rotational speed of the rotor begins to decrease.
As described above, according to this embodiment, the apparatus estimates whether charge readout operation is complete before the rotor stops rotating, and controls the image generation timing in accordance with the estimation result. This makes it possible to execute image generation early when charge readout operation is complete before the rotor stops rotating, as well as being able to execute image generation without causing any artifacts, thereby shortening the processing time.
The fourth embodiment will exemplify an arrangement configured to inhibit the rotor from rotating when a rotor control signal synchronized with charge readout operation indicates an inhibition state even if the user presses the X-ray irradiation button. The charge readout timing and the rotor control timing in the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to
Referring to
As described above, according to this embodiment, since the rotor does not rotate during charge readout operation, it is possible to reduce the possibility of the occurrence of artifacts in an image due to variations in the rotation of the rotor.
As described in the first to fourth embodiments, it is possible to reduce the possibility of the occurrence of artifacts in an image due to variations in the rotation of the rotor by reading out charge during a steady state in which the rotational speed of the rotor becomes a constant rotational speed, without performing charge readout operation during a deceleration period of the rotor.
The present invention can reduce the occurrence of artifacts in an image due to the influence of the rotation of the positive electrode of the radiation generating apparatus.
Aspects of the present invention can also be realized by a computer of a system or apparatus (or devices such as a CPU or MPU) that reads out and executes a program recorded on a memory device to perform the functions of the above-described embodiment(s), and by a method, the steps of which are performed by a computer of a system or apparatus by, for example, reading out and executing a program recorded on a memory device to perform the functions of the above-described embodiment(s). For this purpose, the program is provided to the computer for example via a network or from a recording medium of various types serving as the memory device (for example, computer-readable storage medium).
While the present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. The scope of the following claims is to be accorded the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and equivalent structures and functions.
This application claims the benefit of Japanese Patent Application No. 2012-096038 filed on Apr. 19, 2012, which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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2012-096038 | Apr 2012 | JP | national |