Patent Application
20240275036
This application relates to the field of polymer materials, and in particular, to a radome, a stacked plate and a composite plate that are used for the radome, and a manufacturing method.
A radome is a structure that protects an antenna system from being affected by an external environment. With development of passive antennas from single-band and multi-band to full-band, a passive multi-band or full-band antenna is integrated with an MM active antenna. As a result, a weight of an entire antenna 1 greatly increases, and even reaches 50 kg or more.
Such the heavy antenna may be subject to impact such as vibration impact, falling impact, and the like in a process of transporting or carrying the bare antenna, may be stepped on at a mounting site, and may hit a tower due to swing in a mounting and hoisting process. To protect the antenna from being subject to the external impact, as shown in
In view of this, this application provides a radome, a stacked plate and a composite plate that are used for the radome, and a manufacturing method, to resolve the foregoing technical problems. The technical solutions are as follows.
According to a first aspect, this application provides a composite plate used for a radome. The composite plate includes a middle layer and a surface layer combined with the middle layer. the surface layer includes first fibers and thermoplastic resin filled between the first fibers. the surface layer and the middle layer are arranged in a first direction, and the first direction is a thickness direction of the composite plate. It may be understood that the thickness direction is a direction in which an inner surface of the radome made of the composite plate points to an outer surface of the radome. or a direction in which an outer surface of the radome points to an inner surface of the radome. The thermoplastic resin is filled between the first fibers. so that compactness of the surface layer can be increased. and impact resistance performance of the surface layer can be improved. In this way, a radome with stronger impact resistance performance is manufactured.
With reference to the first aspect and a possible implementation. in a possible implementation of the first aspect. the composite plate is of a sandwich structure, and the sandwich structure is an A-type sandwich structure or a C-type sandwich structure. Specifically. in a possible implementation. the composite plate includes a middle layer and a first surface layer and a second surface layer that are combined with the middle layer, the first surface layer. the middle layer, and the second surface layer are sequentially arranged based on the A-type sandwich structure, and the first surface layer and the second surface layer are made of a same material and are of a same structure. In another possible implementation. the composite plate includes a first surface layer, a third layer. a middle layer. a fourth layer, and a second surface layer that are sequentially arranged based on the C-type sandwich structure, the middle layer is combined with the third layer and the fourth layer, and the first surface layer, the third layer, the fourth layer, and the second surface layer are made of a same material and are of a same structure.
With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation of the first aspect, a melting point of the first fiber is higher than a melting point of the thermoplastic resin. In this way, when hot pressing is performed on a stacked plate forming the composite plate, the thermoplastic resin is melted by heat, but the first fibers are not melted, so that the melted thermoplastic resin can be filled between the first fibers. It may be understood that, in a possible implementation, the first fiber is a high melting point fiber. The high melting point fiber is relative to a low melting point fiber. A specific temperature value of the high melting point fiber is related to a process of manufacturing the composite plate. However, it should be understood that regardless of which manufacturing process is used, when the composite plate is formed through heating, a temperature reached through heating should not make the high melting point fiber be melted.
In addition, it should be noted that, generally, a melting point of the low melting point fiber ranges from 110° C. to 150° C. Therefore, a melting point of the high melting point fiber only needs to be higher than the melting point of the low melting point fiber. In another possible implementation, a melting point range of the low melting point fiber may alternatively be another temperature range. Correspondingly, a melting point range of the first fiber may alternatively be another temperature range. For example, melting points of some inorganic fibers may reach more than 1000° C. It should be understood that a specific value of the melting point of the first fiber is not limited in this application.
With reference to the first aspect and the possible implementations, in a possible implementation of the first aspect, the thermoplastic resin in the surface layer is made of a same material as the middle layer. In this way, the surface layer can be better combined with the middle layer without a need of using an additional adhesive to bond the surface layer and the middle layer. This saves materials to some extent, improves a rate of combination of the surface layer and the middle layer, and further improves impact resistance performance of a finally manufactured composite plate. It may be understood that, in another possible implementation, the material of the middle layer may alternatively be a material whose performance and melting point are close to those of the thermoplastic resin in the surface layer. This is not specifically limited herein. This is also conducive to combination of the surface layer and the middle layer.
With reference to the first aspect and the possible implementation, in a possible implementation of the first aspect, the middle layer is made of a thermoplastic foam material. The middle layer is made of the foam material, so that an overall weight of the composite plate can be reduced, and lightweight of the composite plate can be further implemented.
With reference to the first aspect and the possible implementations, in a possible implementation of the first aspect, the first fiber in the surface layer is of a woven fiber structure, and in the surface layer, the thermoplastic resin is filled in a gap in the woven fiber structure. It may be understood that the woven structure can dissipate stress caused by external impact. Therefore, the first fiber in the surface layer uses the woven fiber structure, so that impact resistance performance of the surface layer can be improved. The thermoplastic resin is filled in the gap in the woven fiber structure, so that compactness of the surface layer is further improved, and impact resistance performance of the surface layer is further improved.
In some possible implementations, a weaving manner of the woven fiber structure includes any one of plain weaving, square plain weaving, rib weaving, twill weaving, and satin weaving. It should be understood that a specific weaving manner of the woven fiber structure is not limited in this application.
With reference to the first aspect and the possible implementations, in a possible implementation of the first aspect, the first fibers in the surface layer include inorganic fibers and/or organic fibers.
With reference to the first aspect and the possible implementations, in a possible implementation of the first aspect, the inorganic fibers in the surface layer are arranged in an unordered manner. In comparison with a structure formed through weaving according to a specific rule, this manner can better dissipate stress caused by external impact, so that impact resistance performance of the surface layer is improved.
With reference to the first aspect and the possible implementations, in a possible implementation of the first aspect, the inorganic fibers in the surface layer are glass fibers, and the glass fibers are arranged in an unordered manner to form a glass mat.
With reference to the first aspect and the possible implementations, in a possible implementation of the first aspect, the inorganic fiber in the surface layer includes at least one of a glass fiber, a basalt fiber, an andesite fiber, an aluminum silicate fiber, a boron nitride fiber, an aluminum oxide fiber, and a quartz fiber. It should be understood that neither a specific form nor a specific type of the inorganic fiber is limited in this application.
With reference to the first aspect and the possible implementations, in a possible implementation of the first aspect, the organic fiber in the surface layer includes at least one of a polypropylene fiber, a polybutylene terephthalate fiber, a polyethylene fiber, a polyethylene glycol terephthalate fiber, and a polytrimethylene terephthalate fiber. It should be understood that neither a specific form nor a specific type of the organic fiber is limited in this application.
With reference to the first aspect and the possible implementations, in a possible implementation of the first aspect, the first fibers in the surface layer include a plurality of fiber layers arranged in the first direction, and an included angle between fibers in two fiber layers of the plurality of fiber layers is a first preset angle. It should be understood that the included angle between the fibers in the two fiber layers of the plurality of fiber layers is arranged based on the first preset angle, so that the two fiber layers are staggered. This improves impact resistance performance of the surface layer. Therefore, a value of the first preset angle is not limited in this application except that the value of the first preset angle in this application cannot make the fibers in the two fiber layers be parallel.
With reference to the first aspect and the possible implementations, in a possible implementation of the first aspect, the first preset angle includes at least one of 30°, 45°, and 60°. In addition, in this application. the value of the first preset angle may alternatively be another value that is not 0. This is not specifically limited in this application.
With reference to the first aspect and the possible implementations, in a possible implementation of the first aspect, the composite plate further includes a weather-resistant coloring layer, and the weather-resistant coloring layer is located on a side that is of the surface layer and that is away from the middle layer. It may be understood that, to improve aesthetics and weather resistance of the composite plate, the weather-resistant coloring layer may be disposed on the surface layer of the composite plate.
In addition, in some possible implementations, the weather-resistant coloring layer and the surface layer may be integrally formed, to save materials.
With reference to the first aspect and the possible implementations, in a possible implementation of the first aspect, the thermoplastic resin includes at least one of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene glycol terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, and polyphenylene oxide. It should be understood that neither a specific form nor a specific type of the thermoplastic resin is limited in this application.
According to a second aspect, this application provides a stacked plate. The stacked plate is used to form the composite plate according to any one of the first aspect and the possible implementations of the first aspect. The stacked plate includes at least two first layers and at least one second layer that are stacked, the first layer is formed by compounding first fibers and thermoplastic resin, the at least two first layers and the at least one second layer are arranged in a staggered manner in a second direction, the second direction is a thickness direction of the stacked plate, and the second direction is parallel to the first direction.
It should be noted that the thickness direction is a direction in which an inner surface of a radome made of the stacked plate points to an outer surface of the radome, or a direction in which an outer surface of a radome points to an inner surface of the radome.
It should be further noted that, in the second aspect, for beneficial effects of a structure and a material similar to those in the first aspect, refer to the related descriptions of the first aspect.
In a possible implementation, the two first layers respectively form two surface layers; upper and lower surface layers of the stacked plate, that is, the first layer and a third layer; and the second layer forms a middle layer of the stacked plate. In a possible implementation, the second layer is made of a foam plate. A density of the second layer ranges from 0.15 g/m3 to 1.4 g/m3, preferably 0.4 to 1.0 g/m3. A thickness of the second layer ranges from 0.5 mm to 3 mm. Further, in a possible implementation. a density of the second layer of foam plate is 0.4 g/cm3, and a thickness of the second layer of foam plate is 1 mm, to manufacture a radome that can better meet a lightweight requirement and an impact resistance performance requirement.
With reference to the second aspect, in a possible implementation of the second aspect, the thermoplastic resin includes second fibers, the first layer includes a woven structure formed by weaving composite fibers formed by compounding the first fibers and the second fibers, and a melting point of the first fiber is higher than a melting point of the second fiber. In this way, when hot pressing is performed on the stacked plate, the second fibers in the first layer can be melted and filled in a gap of a woven structure formed by the first fibers, to increase compactness of the first layer. This improves impact resistance performance of the first layer.
With reference to the second aspect and the possible implementation, in a possible implementation of the second aspect, the first fibers include inorganic fibers and/or organic fibers.
With reference to the second aspect and the possible implementation, in a possible implementation of the second aspect, the first layer includes a woven structure formed by weaving composite material fibers. The composite material fiber includes: a kernel structure, where the kernel structure is made of a first organic material; and a shell structure disposed around the kernel structure, where the shell structure is made of a second organic material. A melting point of the first organic material is higher than a melting point of the second organic material. It may be understood that, in some possible implementations, composite material fibers may alternatively be used to form a woven structure. The composite material fiber includes a kernel structure made of a first organic material and a shell structure made of a second organic material, and a melting point of the first organic material is higher than a melting point of the second organic material. In this way, when hot pressing is performed on the woven structure made of the composite material fibers, the shell structure made of the second organic material can be melted and filled in a gap of the woven structure, to increase compactness of the first layer. This improves impact resistance performance of the first layer. In some possible implementations, a surface density of the first layer formed by weaving the composite material fibers is 450 g/m2.
With reference to the second aspect and the possible implementations, in a possible implementation of the second aspect, the first fiber in the first layer is a unidirectional continuous fiber, the first layer includes a plurality of layers of prepreg tapes, the prepreg tape is a unidirectional tape formed after the unidirectional continuous fiber is wrapped by the thermoplastic resin, and an included angle between two layers of prepreg tapes of the plurality of layers of prepreg tapes is a second preset angle. It may be understood that a length of the unidirectional continuous fiber is greater than a length of a common unidirectional fiber, and the used unidirectional continuous fiber can make the prepreg tape formed by the unidirectional continuous fiber and the thermoplastic resin have better extensibility. However, this does not constitute a limitation on a form of a type of the first fiber in this application. In another possible implementation, a unidirectional fiber of another length may alternatively be used. This is not limited in this application.
With reference to the second aspect and the possible implementations, in a possible implementation of the second aspect, the second preset angle includes at least one of 30°, 45°, and 60°. In addition, in this application, a value of the second preset angle may alternatively be another value that is not 0. This is not specifically limited in this application.
In a possible implementation, that an included angle between two layers of prepreg tapes of the plurality of layers of prepreg tapes is a second preset angle may be as follows: An included angle between two adjacent layers of prepreg tapes of the plurality of layers of prepreg tapes is the second preset angle, or an included angle between any two layers of prepreg tapes of the plurality of layers of prepreg tapes is the second preset angle. This is not limited in this application. In another possible implementation, an included angle between two layers of prepreg tapes of the plurality of layers of prepreg tapes may be a second preset angle with a different value. For example, it is assumed that there are 1st. 2nd, 3rd and 4th to 6th layers of prepreg tapes, an included angle between the 1st layer of prepreg tape and the 2nd layer of prepreg tape may be 45°, and an included angle between the 3rd layer of prepreg tape and the 4th layer of prepreg tape may be 60° or the like. This is not limited in this application, either.
With reference to the second aspect and the possible implementations, in a possible implementation of the second aspect, the thermoplastic resin includes a thermoplastic resin film and/or thermoplastic resin powder. It may be understood that, in a possible implementation, the thermoplastic resin may be in a form of a film or powder. When the thermoplastic resin is in the form of a film, there may be one layer of thermoplastic resin film, and the layer of thermoplastic resin film is laid on a side that is of the first layer and that is away from the second layer. When hot pressing is performed on the stacked plate, the thermoplastic resin film is melted, to be better compounded with the first fiber to form the first layer. In another possible implementation, there may alternatively be two layers of thermoplastic resin films, one layer is laid on a side that is of the first layer and that is away from the second layer, and the other layer is laid on a side that is of the first layer and that is close to the second layer. It should be understood that a relative position relationship between the thermoplastic resin film and the first layer is not limited in this application.
According to a third aspect, this application provides a method for manufacturing the composite plate according to any one of the first aspect and the possible implementations of the first aspect. The method includes: continually performing hot pressing on the first layer and the second layer in the stacked plate according to any one of the second aspect and the possible implementations of the second aspect by using a double steel tape or a double Teflon tape at a preset temperature, to form the composite plate through compounding. In a possible implementation, a preset temperature range is 170° C. to 240° C. To be specific. hot pressing is performed on the first layer and the second layer in the stacked plate according to any one of the second aspect and the possible implementations of the second aspect by using the double steel tape or the double Teflon tape at 170° C. to 240° C., to form the composite plate.
It should be understood that setting of the preset temperature is related to a specific manufacturing process. 170° C. to 240° C. in the foregoing are merely an example. In another possible implementation, the preset temperature range may be another range. This is not limited in this application.
According to a fourth aspect, this application provides a method for manufacturing the composite plate according to any one of the first aspect and the possible implementations of the first aspect. The method includes: performing hot pressing on the first layer in the stacked plate according to any one of the second aspect and the possible implementations of the second aspect by using a double steel tape or a double Teflon tape at a preset temperature, to form a third layer; and stacking the third layer and the second layer in a staggered manner, and performing hot pressing, by using the double steel tape or the double Teflon tape at the preset temperature, on the third layer and the second layer that are stacked in a staggered manner, to form the composite plate through compounding. In a possible implementation, a preset temperature range is 170° C. to 240° C. To be specific, hot pressing is performed on the first layer in the stacked plate according to any one of the second aspect and the possible implementations of the second aspect by using the double steel tape or the double Teflon tape at 170° C. to 240° C. to form the third layer; and then the third layer and the second layer are stacked in a staggered manner, and hot pressing is performed on the second layer and the third layer by using the double steel tape or the double Teflon tape at 170° C. to 240° C., to form the composite plate through compounding. It should also be understood that setting of the preset temperature is related to a specific manufacturing process. 170° C. to 240° C. in the foregoing are merely an example. In another possible implementation, the preset temperature range may be another range. This is not limited in this application.
According to a fifth aspect, this application provides a radome. The radome is manufactured by using the composite plate according to any one of the first aspect and the possible implementations of the first aspect, and specifically, is manufactured by using the composite plate according to any one of the first aspect and the possible implementations of the first aspect through hot pressing or compression molding. The radome includes a middle layer and a surface layer combined with the middle layer, and the surface layer includes first fibers and thermoplastic resin filled between the first fibers. In a possible implementation, the method is as follows: continually heating the composite plate according to any one of the first aspect and the possible implementations of the first aspect at 190° C. to 240° C. for 1 min to 3 min, to soften the composite plate; and performing roll pressing or compression molding on the composite plate to manufacture the radome.
With reference to the fifth aspect, in a possible implementation of the fifth aspect, the thermoplastic resin in the surface layer is made of a same material as the middle layer.
With reference to the fifth aspect and the possible implementation, in another possible implementation of the fifth aspect, the middle layer is made of a thermoplastic foam material.
With reference to the fifth aspect and the possible implementations, in another possible implementation of the fifth aspect, the radome uses a sandwich structure, and the sandwich structure is an A-type sandwich structure or a C-type sandwich structure.
According to a sixth aspect, this application provides a radome. The radome is manufactured by using the stacked plate according to any one of the second aspect and the possible implementations of the second aspect. Specifically, a method for manufacturing the radome includes: continually performing hot pressing on the stacked plate according to any one of the second aspect and the possible implementations of the second aspect by using a double steel tape or a double Teflon tape at a preset temperature, to form a composite plate through compounding; and performing hot pressing or compression molding on the composite plate to manufacture the radome, where the radome includes a middle layer and a surface layer combined with the middle layer, and the surface layer includes first fibers and thermoplastic resin filled between the first fibers.
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following describes implementations of this application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As described above, an antenna is subject to impact in a hoisting process. For example, as shown in
Specifically, as shown in
In addition, the size of the radome test sample plate 40 and the vertical impact height of the impact hammer 3 are merely examples. In some other embodiments, the radome test sample plate 40 may alternatively have a larger size. for example, 450 mm*450 mm, or may alternatively have a smaller size, for example, 200 mm*200 mm, 400 mm*200 mm, or the like. Neither the size nor a shape of the radome test sample plate 40 is limited in this application. Similarly, the vertical impact height of the impact hammer 3 is also an example. In some other embodiments, the vertical impact height of the impact hammer 3 may alternatively be higher or lower. It may be understood that this is related to a specific test item that needs to be performed on a to-be-tested radome test sample plate 40. The vertical impact height of the impact hammer 3 is not limited in this application.
To enable the radome 10 to have good impact resistance performance. in some embodiments, a fiberglass radome is provided. As shown in
Specifically, in some embodiments, a process of manufacturing the fiberglass radome 10′ is provided. With reference to
However, as shown in
In addition, a glass fiber content in the fiberglass radome 10′ is high, and is usually greater than 80%. A density of a glass fiber is 2.7 g/cm3, and a dielectric constant (Dielectric constant, Dk) of the glass fiber is 6.13. As a result, a density of the fiberglass radome 10′ made of the glass fiber is high (>1.9 g/cm3), a Dk is also up to 4.0 to 4.8, and a dielectric loss (Dissipation Factor, Df) value ranges from 0.01 to 0.03. Details are shown in Table 1.
The dielectric constant indicates a ratio of a capacitance of a capacitor made by using an insulation material as a medium to a capacitance of a capacitor made by using a vacuum as a medium, where the capacitors have a same size: and may represent a capability of polarizing an electrolyte and storing a charge. The dielectric loss indicates an energy loss, in a form of internal heating (a temperature rise), of a medium placed in an alternating current electric field. The dielectric constant and the dielectric loss jointly indicate dielectric performance of a medium. The smaller the dielectric constant and the dielectric loss, the better dielectric performance of the medium. The larger the dielectric constant and the dielectric loss, the poorer dielectric performance of the medium. Therefore, neither dielectric performance nor impact resistance performance of the fiberglass radome 10′ is good enough.
To overcome the foregoing disadvantages of the fiberglass radome 10′, some embodiments of this application provide a radome 10. As shown in
As shown in
It may be understood that, to reduce a quantity of layers of the plate so as to reduce a hot pressing difficulty of the stacked plate 1a, in some implementations, the weather-resistant coloring layer 104 and the first layer 101 are integrally formed. For example, a part of PP fibers in the first layer 101 form the weather-resistant coloring layer 104. Alternatively, the weather-resistant coloring layer 104 and the third layer 103 are integrally formed. For example, a part of PP fibers in the third layer 103 form the weather-resistant coloring layer 104.
In some embodiments, to reduce mass of the radome 10, the second layer 102 is of an organic foam structure. The organic foam structure is lighter than the glass fiber used for manufacturing the fiberglass radome 10′, so that the mass of the radome 10 can be effectively reduced. This further meets a lightweight requirement of the radome 10.
In some embodiments, as shown in
In some other embodiments. as shown in
In still some other embodiments, as shown in
The high melting point fibers in the prepreg layers in
After the surface layer structure of the radome before molding in some embodiments is described, the following continues to describe a structure after molding, a molding manner, and a required raw material of the radome. The raw material is a material required for forming the radome.
Specifically, as shown in
In some embodiments, the inorganic fiber includes at least one of a glass fiber, a basalt fiber, an andesite fiber, an aluminum silicate fiber, a boron nitride fiber, an aluminum oxide fiber, and a quartz fiber. A type of the inorganic fiber is not specifically limited in this application.
In some embodiments, the organic fiber includes at least one of a PP fiber, a PE fiber, a PBT fiber, a PET fiber, and a PTT fiber. A type of the organic fiber is not specifically limited in this application.
In some embodiments, a weaving manner of the fiber may be any one of plain weaving, square plain weaving, rib weaving, twill weaving, and satin weaving. The weaving manner of the fiber is not specifically limited in this application. Preferably, the weaving manner of the fiber is plain weaving.
In some embodiments, the thermoplastic resin includes at least one of polypropylene (polypropylene fiber, PP), polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT,. polyethylene glycol terephthalate (PET), polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT), polycarbonate (PC), and polyphenylene oxide (PPO). A type of the thermoplastic resin is not specifically limited in this application.
In some embodiments, a material of the organic foam structure of the middle layer 200X is the same as a material of the thermoplastic resin, to improve fusion between the first surface layer 100X and the middle layer 200X and between the second surface layer 300X and the middle layer 200X, and improve mechanical performance of the radome 10.
Specifically, as shown in
S1001: Sequentially stack layers from top to bottom.
As shown in the figure, in some embodiments, a prepreg layer 101 that forms a first surface layer 100, an organic foam material layer 102 that forms a middle layer 200, and a prepreg layer 103 that forms a second surface layer 300 are sequentially stacked from top to bottom based on an A-type sandwich structure, to form a layer architecture 1a for manufacturing the radome.
In another alternative implementation. the prepreg layers and the organic foam material layer are sequentially stacked from top to bottom based on a C-type sandwich structure, to form a composite plate 1b for manufacturing the radome 10. Because the C-type sandwich structure is similar to the A-type sandwich structure, no further description is provided herein.
It may be understood that, because the radome is exposed to an external environment for a long time, to improve weather resistance of the radome, in some embodiments, a weather-resistant coloring layer 104 may be further added on the prepreg layer 101 that forms the first surface layer 100. In this way, not only weather resistance of the radome can be improved, but also appearance aesthetics of the radome can be improved.
Specific material selection for each layer is specifically described in the following embodiments.
S1002: Perform hot pressing on the layer architecture obtained through stacking, to form the composite plate.
After the layers 101, 102, and 103 are stacked, a stacked plate 1a shown in
It should be noted that, for different compositions and composition proportions of the prepreg layer, temperatures for performing hot pressing on the layer architecture obtained through stacking are also different. A specific temperature for performing hot pressing is described in detail in the following embodiments.
It may be understood that, in some implementations, a size of the composite plate 1b is a predetermined size, and the predetermined size is equivalent to a size of a radome, that is, one composite plate 1b is used to form one radome. In another alternative implementation, the composite plate 1b is a continuous plate, and before the radome is formed, the pre-composite plate 1b further needs to be cut to an appropriate size.
S1003: Heat the composite plate 1b for softening and molding, to obtain the radome.
Molding may be roll pressing or compression molding. For example, after the composite plate 1b is obtained, the composite plate 1b needs to be heated for a specific period of time for softening, and then roll pressing or compression molding is performed on the softened composite plate 1b to manufacture the radome. It should be noted that, for different compositions and composition proportions of the composite plate 1b, temperatures and time for performing hot pressing on the composite plate 1b are also different. This part of content is specifically described in detail in the following embodiments.
It may be understood that, in the foregoing molding step, the molding step of the composite plate 1b may be further merged with a molding step of the radome, that is, hot pressing and molding are performed on the layer architecture obtained through stacking, to obtain the radome.
Specifically,
In some embodiments, the fiber is a composite fiber, and the composite fiber is formed by compounding a high melting point fiber and a low melting point fiber. The high melting point fiber may be an inorganic fiber, or may be a high melting point organic fiber. The low melting point fiber is an organic fiber.
For example, as shown in
In some other embodiments. as shown in
This is described in detail in the following.
It can be learned from
The first layer 101a is made of composite fibers obtained by mixing glass fibers and PP fibers based on a specific weight ratio (as shown in
In some embodiments, a grammage of the first layer 101a ranges from 200 g/m2 to 1500 g/m2. and preferably the grammage of the first layer 101a ranges from 400 g/m2 to 1000 g/m2.
In some embodiments. the PP fiber may alternatively be another organic fiber, for example, at least one of a PE fiber, a PBT fiber, a PET fiber, and a PTT fiber.
In some embodiments, the glass fiber may alternatively be another inorganic fiber, for example, at least one of a basalt fiber, an andesite fiber, an aluminum silicate fiber, a boron nitride fiber, an aluminum oxide fiber, and a quartz fiber. A type of the inorganic fiber is not specifically limited in this application.
In some embodiments, to reduce a weight of the radome 10, the second layer 102a of the radome 10 in this embodiment of this application is mainly made of a lightweight filling material. For example, the second layer 102a may be made of at least one of a PP plate, a PE plate, a PBT plate, a PET plate, a PTT plate, a PC plate, a PPO plate, and a lightweight PP glass mat reinforced thermoplastics (GMT) composite plate. A type of the lightweight filling material is not limited in this application.
To further reduce mass of the second layer 102a, the second layer 102a may alternatively use a more lightweight foam material. For example, the second layer 102a may be made of at least one of a PP foam plate, a PE foam plate, a PVC foam plate, a PBT foam plate, a PET foam plate, a PTT foam plate, a PC foam plate, and a PPO foam plate. In some embodiments, a density of the second layer 102a ranges from 0.15 g/cm3 to 1.4 g/cm3, preferably 0.4 g/cm3 to 1.0 g/cm3. A thickness of the second layer 102a ranges from 0.5 mm to 3 mm.
In some embodiments, to enable the radome 10 to meet a lightweight requirement, a material of the second layer 102a is a PP foam plate. Further, after a plurality of tests are performed by the application, when a density of the PP foam plate is 0.4 g/cm3, and a thickness of the PP foam plate is 1 mm, lightweight effect of the radome 10 is better.
Then, hot pressing and compounding are continually performed, by using a double steel tape or a double Teflon tape at a temperature ranging from 170° C. to 240° C., on the first layer 101a, the second layer 102a, and the third layer 103a that are arranged based on the structure shown in
Then, the composite plate 1b is heated for roll pressing or compression molding. Specifically: the composite plate 1b is continually heated at 190° C. to 240° C. for 1 min to 3 min for softening, and then roll pressing or compression molding is performed to obtain the radome 10 shown in
In some embodiments, the composite fibers may alternatively be woven in a manner such as square plain weaving, rib weaving, twill weaving, satin weaving, or the like. A weaving manner of the composite fiber is not limited in this application. Preferably, the composite fibers are woven in a plain weaving manner.
In some embodiments, to enhance impact resistance performance of the radome 10, the composite fibers may be composite fibers obtained by mixing glass fibers and PP fibers based on a weight ratio of 60:40, and a grammage of a first layer 101a obtained after the composite fibers are woven is 600 g/m2. It may be understood that, in some other embodiments, the weight ratio of the glass fibers to the PP fibers in the composite fibers may range from (90:10) to (50:50). It should be noted that the grammage refers to a weight of a material in grams per square meter. The first layer 101a is used as an example. The grammage refers to a weight of the composite material formed by the glass fiber and the PP fiber in grams per square meter.
Characteristics of the radome manufactured by using the composite plate 1b are shown in the following Table 2.
It can be learned from comparison between Table 2 and Table 1 that impact resistance performance of the radome in this application is significantly improved. This can meet a requirement of a radome whose weigh is around 90 kg. In comparison with the dielectric constant and the dielectric loss of the radome manufactured by using the material in Table 1, a dielectric constant is reduced by 2, and a dielectric loss is reduced by 0.0244. The dielectric constant indicates a ratio of a capacitance of a capacitor made by using an insulation material as a medium to a capacitance of a capacitor made by using a vacuum as a medium, where the capacitors have a same size: and may represent a capability of polarizing an electrolyte and storing a charge. The dielectric loss indicates an energy loss, in a form of internal heating (a temperature rise), of a medium placed in an alternating current electric field. The dielectric constant and the dielectric loss jointly indicate dielectric performance of a medium. The smaller the dielectric constant and the dielectric loss, the better dielectric performance of the medium. The larger the dielectric constant and the dielectric loss. the poorer dielectric performance of the medium. Therefore. the radome in this application also has better dielectric performance than the radome manufactured by using the material in Table 1.
In addition, the first surface layer 100a and the second surface layer 300a are of a woven fiber mesh structure, and falling hammer impact that can be resisted is increased and may up to more than 2.2 kg (for example. a value such as 3 kg, 4 kg, or the like). In comparison with a case in which the fiberglass radome 10′ can resist falling hammer impact of only 1.3 kg, falling hammer impact resistance is also greatly improved.
Further, in the foregoing embodiment, a middle layer 200a is of a foam structure. In comparison with a case in which the fiberglass radome 10′ completely uses a glass fiber structure. lightweight is reduced by 0.6 A. That is, the radome 10 in this application is lighter.
In addition, it can be learned from the foregoing that the first surface layer 100a and the second surface layer 300a of the radome in this application use a composite material obtained by mixing an inorganic fiber and a thermoplastic resin material. Although a radome manufactured by using only an organic material such as thermoplastic resin or the like has better dielectric performance, impact resistance of thermoplastic is too poor. In comparison with the radome manufactured by using only thermoplastic in another embodiment, the radome 10 in this application uses the composite material of the inorganic fiber and the thermoplastic resin material. Therefore, a balance between impact resistance performance and dielectric performance is achieved.
For example, a plastic radome 10′ shown in
Further, in the radome 10 in this application, to have better adhesiveness between the first surface layer 100a, the middle layer 200a, and the second surface layer 300a, the first surface layer 100a, the middle layer 200a, and the second surface layer 300a all use a same thermoplastic resin material. For example, the PP fiber is the same as the thermoplastic material of the middle layer. Based on this implementation, when the composite plate 1b is manufactured, only the PP fiber needs to be heated and melted, and then hot pressing is performed, so that the first surface layer 100a, the middle layer 200a, and the second surface layer 300a can be more tightly bonded together. In comparison with another embodiment in which layers of a radome use different materials, and therefore, an adhesive needs to be used to enable a structure in which the layers of the radome are tightly bonded to be firmer, this embodiment not only has better impact resistance performance, but also saves materials and is more environment-friendly.
In some embodiments, for example, an adhesive radome 10′ is provided in
It can be learned from analysis of the foregoing structure that. because the upper surface layer and the lower surface layer 300′ of the adhesive radome 10′ use the fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composite material, a glass fiber of the long-fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composite material is short, and impact resistance performance of the long-fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composite material is poor, impact resistance performance of the adhesive radome 10′ is relatively poor. In addition, because the core layer 200′ of the adhesive radome 10′ uses the thermosetting foam material, the upper surface layer and the lower surface layer need to be bonded (or combined) with the core layer by using the adhesive. To ensure bonding quality of the adhesive, the surface layer, the adhesive layer, the core layer, the adhesive layer, and the surface layer need to be first laminated (as shown in
The foregoing describes a process in which the composite fibers are formed by the PP fibers and the glass fibers, and the composite fibers are woven into the prepreg layer 101-1. It may be understood that, in some embodiments, the composite fiber may alternatively be a core-shell fiber formed by compounding a low melting point material and a high melting point material. The core-shell fiber includes a core part and a peripheral part. The core part extends in an extension direction of the composite fiber, and the peripheral part is disposed around the core part and extends in the extension direction of the composite fiber.
Specifically,
As shown in
It may be understood that the core part of the composite material fiber may alternatively be made of a high melting point inorganic fiber/or a high melting point organic fiber. The following uses an example in which the core part of the composite material fiber is made of the high melting point PP material and the peripheral part of the composite material fiber is made of the low melting point PP material. to describe a molding process of the composite material fiber and performance of the composite material fiber after molding.
Before this, it should be noted that a difference between the following embodiment and the foregoing embodiment in
Specifically, as shown in
In some embodiments, the composite material fibers may alternatively be woven in a manner such as square plain weaving, rib weaving, twill weaving, satin weaving, or the like. A weaving manner of the composite material fiber is not limited in this application.
In some embodiments, to enhance impact resistance performance of the radome 10, a surface density of the first layer 101b formed by weaving the composite material fibers formed by compounding the low melting point PP material and the high melting point PP material is 450 g/m2.
In some embodiments, to enable the radome 10 to meet a lightweight requirement, a material of the second layer 102b is a PP foam plate. Further, after a plurality of tests are performed by the inventor(s), when a density of the PP foam plate is 0.4 g/cm3 and a thickness of the PP foam plate is 1 mm, the manufactured radome can better meet the lightweight requirement, and also has better impact resistance performance.
Then, hot pressing and compounding are performed, by using a double steel tape or a double Teflon tape at a temperature ranging from 160° C. to 170° C., on the first layer 101b, the second layer 102b, and the third layer 103b that are arranged based on the structure shown in
Finally, the composite plate 1b is heated for roll pressing or compression molding. Specifically, the composite plate 1b is continually heated at 160° C. to 170° C. for 1 min to 3 min for softening, and then roll pressing or compression molding is performed to obtain the radome 10 shown in
Characteristics of the radome manufactured by using the composite plate 1b are shown in the following Table 3.
It can be learned from comparison between Table 3 and Table 1 that the first layer 101b of the radome in this embodiment is formed by weaving the composite material fibers formed by compounding the high melting point PP material and the low melting point PP material, that is, a PP material content increases. Therefore, impact resistance performance of the radome is significantly improved, and falling hammer impact that can be resisted is increased and may up to more than 3.1 kg (for example, a value such as 4 kg, 5 kg, or the like). In addition, the radome in this application is made of a PP fiber material. The PP material is lighter than the glass fiber, and has a lower dielectric loss and a lower dielectric constant. Therefore, in comparison with the weight of the radome manufactured by using fiberglass in Table 1, a weight of the radome in this embodiment can be reduced by 73%, a dielectric loss and a dielectric constant are lower, and dielectric performance is better.
It can be learned from comparison between Table 3 and Table 2 that the first layer 101b of the radome 10 manufactured in this embodiment is formed by weaving the composite material fibers formed by the low melting point PP material and the high melting point PP material, while the radome corresponding to Table 2 is formed by weaving the composite fibers obtained by using the glass fibers and the PP fibers based on the specific weight ratio, and the dielectric constant (2.3) of the PP fiber is lower than the dielectric constant (6.13) of the glass fiber. Therefore, dielectric performance of the PP fiber is better than that of the glass fiber. In addition, the PP fiber has larger elastic deformation and a stronger impact absorption capability. Therefore, impact resistance performance of the PP fiber is better than that of the glass fiber. In this way, in comparison with the radome corresponding to Table 2, the radome corresponding to Table 3 can also have better dielectric performance and impact resistance performance.
The foregoing describes that the composite fibers or the composite material fibers form the prepreg layer in a weaving manner, to obtain the stacked plate 1a shown in the foregoing figure. Then, hot pressing is performed by using the double steel tape or the double Teflon tape, to obtain the composite plate 1b. The prepreg composite plate 1b is heated for softening and hot roll pressing, to obtain the radome shown in
Specifically.
In some embodiments. the first sublayer 101c1 and the second sublayer 101c2 form the first layer 101c based on a weight ratio of 40:60, and a grammage of the second sublayer 101c2 is 400 g/m2.
In some embodiments, a density of the second layer 102c is 0.4 g/cm3, and a thickness of the second layer 102c is 1 mm.
Then, hot pressing and compounding are performed. by using a double steel tape at a temperature ranging from 170° C. to 240° C. on the first sublayer 101c1, the second sublayer 101c2, the second layer 102c, and the third layer 103c that are arranged based on the structure shown in
Then. the composite plate 1b is heated for roll pressing or compression molding. Specifically, the composite plate 1b is continually heated at 190° C. to 240° C. for 1 min to 3 min for softening. and then roll pressing or compression molding is performed to obtain the radome 10 shown in
Characteristics of the radome manufactured by using the composite plate 1b are shown in the following Table 4.
The first layer 101c of the radome in this embodiment is formed by the glass fiber-woven object and the PP film. After being melted through hot pressing, the PP film is filled between the glass fibers in the glass fiber-woven object, to form a more compact first surface layer 100c. Therefore, impact resistance performance of the radome in this embodiment is better than those of the radomes manufactured by using the materials corresponding to Table 1 and Table 2.
It can be learned from comparison between Table 4 and Table 1 as follows: First, the surface layer of the radome in this embodiment is formed by the glass fiber-woven object and the PP film, and when thicknesses of the surface layers are the same, a glass fiber content of the surface layer of the radome in this embodiment is lower than the glass fiber content of the fiberglass in Table 1, and a dielectric constant (2.3) and a dielectric loss (0.002) of PP resin are lower than the dielectric constant (4.8) and the dielectric loss (0.03) of the fiberglass in Table 1. Therefore, the radome in this embodiment has better dielectric performance. Second, the glass fiber in the first surface layer 100c of the radome in this embodiment is in a woven state, and in comparison with the unidirectional glass fiber yarn used for the fiberglass radome in Table 1, as shown above, the woven structure can better transfer and dissipate stress than the unidirectional structure. Therefore, the surface layer of the radome in this embodiment has better impact resistance performance, and falling hammer impact that can be resisted is increased and may up to more than 2.65 kg (for example, a value such as 3 kg, 4 kg, or the like).
It can be learned from
Specifically,
In comparison with the structure shown in
Further, to improve impact resistance performance of the radome 10, in some embodiments, inorganic fibers may be woven into a woven object, and then a layer of thermoplastic resin film is added above a layer formed by weaving the inorganic fibers, to form a prepreg layer. When hot pressing is performed on the prepreg layer, the thermoplastic resin film in the prepreg layer is melted into liquid, and then is impregnated in the woven thin layer formed by weaving the inorganic fibers, to form a first surface layer 100d. It may be understood that such a design not only enables the inorganic fibers and the thermoplastic resin to be more closely combined, but also improves impact resistance performance of the surface layer of the radome.
In another alternative implementation, the prepreg layer may alternatively be pre-formed by using a PP film and a high melting point fiber-woven object.
Then, hot pressing and compounding are performed, by using a double steel tape at a temperature ranging from 170° C. to 240° C. on the first layer 101d, the second layer 102d, and the third layer 103d that are arranged based on the structure shown in
Then, the composite plate 1b is heated for roll pressing or compression molding. Specifically: the composite plate 1b is continually heated at 190° C. to 240° C. for 1 min to 3 min for softening, and then roll pressing or compression molding is performed to obtain the radome 10 shown in
It is not difficult to find that the foregoing describes that the composite fibers or the composite material fibers are woven into the prepreg layer, to obtain the stacked plate 1a shown in the foregoing figure. Then, hot pressing is performed by using the double steel tape or the double Teflon tape, to obtain a thermoplastic prepreg composite plate 1b. For the stacked plate 1a, the prepreg composite plate 1b is heated for softening and molding, to obtain the radome shown in
It may be understood that, in some embodiments, prepreg tapes may be arranged in a manner of lamination at 0° and 90°, to form the prepreg layer (as shown in
This is described in detail in the following.
Specifically, as shown in
The first layer 101e includes a first sublayer 101e1 and a second sublayer 101e2 from top to bottom. Fibers in the first sublayer 101e1 are arranged at 90°, and fibers in the second sublayer 101e2 are arranged at 0°. A fiber in the second layer 102e is made of a PP foam material. The third layer 103eincludes a second sublayer 103e2 and a first sublayer 103e1 from top to bottom. Fibers in the first sublayer 103e1 are arranged at 90°, and fibers in the second sublayer 103e2 are arranged at 0°. In this case, a thickness of the stacked plate 1a is S9.
In another alternative implementation, the first layer 101e includes a first sublayer 101e1 and a second sublayer 101e2 from top to bottom. Fibers in the first sublayer 101e1 are arranged at 0°, and fibers in the second sublayer 101e2 are arranged at 90°. The second layer 102e is made of a PP foam material. The third layer 103e includes a second sublayer 103e2 and a first sublayer 103e1 from top to bottom. Fibers in the first sublayer 103e1 are arranged at 0°, and fibers in the second sublayer 103e2 are arranged at 90°.
After a composite plate 1b is obtained in any one of the foregoing manners, a thickness of the composite plate 1b is S10, and S10 is equal to S9. The composite plate 1b is heated for roll pressing or compression molding. Specifically, the composite plate 1b is continually heated at 190° C. to 240° C. for 1 min to 3 min for softening, and then roll pressing or compression molding is performed to obtain the radome 10 shown in
Characteristics of the radome manufactured by using the composite plate 1b are shown in the following Table 5.
The material and structure used for the radome 10 in this embodiment are similar to those of the radome 10 in the foregoing embodiment. It can be learned from comparison between Table 5 and Table 1 that impact resistance performance of the radome 10 in this embodiment is significantly improved, impact that can be resisted may be greater than 3 kg (for example, 4 kg, 5 kg, or the like) and is greater than the falling hammer impact 1.3 kg on the fiberglass radome 10′, a dielectric constant is lower than the dielectric constant of the radome manufactured by using the material in Table 1, and a dielectric loss is also significantly reduced. Therefore, the radome in this embodiment has better dielectric performance than the fiberglass radome 10′. In addition, because a middle layer 200e uses an organic foam structure, lightweight of the radome in this embodiment is lower than that of the fiberglass radome 10′, and is also significantly lower than that of the plastic radome 10′ using pure plastic.
It can be learned from comparison between Table 5 and Table 2 that, because the first surface layer 100e in this embodiment is formed by arranging a plurality of layers of prepreg tapes at a specific angle, in comparison with the radome 10 corresponding to Table 2, the radome 10 in this embodiment of this application has better impact resistance performance than the woven object formed by weaving the composite fibers in Table 2.
In some embodiments, composite fibers or composite material fibers may alternatively be arranged in a manner of lamination at 0° and 90°, to form a prepreg layer (not shown in the figure) in which the fibers are arranged in a staggered manner.
Before this, it should be noted that a difference between an implementation shown in
This is described in detail in the following.
It may be understood that, in some embodiments, the composite fiber may be formed by compounding the PP fiber and the glass fiber in Table 2, or may be formed by compounding the low melting point PP material and the high melting point PP material in Table 3, or may be a prepreg tape formed by compounding the unidirectional glass fiber yarn and the thermoplastic resin. A manner of forming the composite fiber is not limited in this application.
Specifically, as shown in
In another alternative implementation. the first layer 101f includes a first sublayer 101f1 and a second sublayer 101f2 from top to bottom. Composite fibers in the first sublayer 101f1 are arranged at 0°, and composite fibers in the second sublayer 101f2 are arranged at 90°. The second layer 102f is made of a PP foam material. The third layer 103f includes a second sublayer 103f2 and a first sublayer 103f1 from top to bottom. Composite fibers in the first sublayer 103f1 are arranged at 0°, and composite fibers in the second sublayer 103f2 are arranged at 90°.
The foregoing materials are laminated based on the A-type sandwich structure to obtain the stacked plate 1a. A thickness of the stacked plate 1a is S11. In some embodiments, a grammage of the first layer 101f is 750 g/m2, and a thickness of the first layer 101f is 0.5 mm.
In some embodiments, the PP fiber may alternatively be another organic fiber, for example. at least one of PE, PBT, PET, and PTT.
In some embodiments, to reduce a weight of the radome 10, the second layer 102f of the radome 10 in this embodiment of this application is mainly made of a lightweight filling material. For example, the second layer 102f may be made of at least one of a PP plate, a PE plate, a PBT plate, a PET plate, a PTT plate, a PF plate, a PPO plate, and a lightweight PP glass mat reinforced thermoplastics (GMT) composite plate. A type of the lightweight filling material is not limited in this application.
To further reduce mass of the second layer 102f, the second layer 102f may alternatively use a more lightweight foam material. For example, the second layer 102f may be made of at least one of a PP foam plate, a PE foam plate, a PVF foam plate, a PBT foam plate, a PET foam plate, a PTT foam plate, a PF foam plate, and a PPO foam plate. In some embodiments, a density of the second layer 102f ranges from 0.15 g/m3 to 1.4 g/m3, preferably 0.4 g/m3 to 1.0 g/m3. A thickness of the second layer 102f ranges from 0.5 mm to 3 mm.
In some embodiments, to enable the radome 10 to meet a lightweight requirement. the second layer 102f is made of a PP foam plate. Further. after a plurality of tests are performed by the inventor(s). when a density of the PP foam plate is 0.4 g/m3, and a thickness of the PP foam plate is 1 mm, lightweight effect of the radome 10 is better.
Then, hot pressing and compounding are continually performed, by using a double steel tape or a double Teflon tape at a temperature ranging from 190° C. to 240° C. on the first layer 101f, the second layer 102f, and the third layer 103f that are arranged based on the structure shown in
To improve effect of performing hot pressing on the stacked plate 1a to obtain the composite plate 1b and avoid warping and deformation of the composite plate 1b, in some embodiments, a first surface layer 100f and a second surface layer 300f are symmetric relative to a middle layer 200f.
An arrangement manner of glass fibers in the first subsurface layer 100f1 and an arrangement manner of glass fibers in the first subsurface layer 300f1 are both 90°, and an arrangement manner of glass fibers in the second subsurface layer 100f2 and an arrangement manner of glass fibers in the second subsurface layer 300f2 are both 0°. Correspondingly, the first layer 101f and the third layer 103f are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the second layer 102f.
In some embodiments, a difference from the foregoing embodiment in which the glass fiber, the composite fiber of the glass fiber and the PP fiber, or the PP fiber is designed to be woven or to be laminated by layer lies in that continuous fibers may alternatively be arranged in an unordered manner, and then form, together with a PP film, a first layer 101g. In comparison with prepreg fabric formed through weaving in a specific order, the first layer 101g in this embodiment also has better effect of transferring and dissipating stress.
Specifically, as shown in
To enhance impact resistance performance of the radome 10, in some embodiments, a glass fiber content in the first layer 101g is 50%, and a surface density is 450 g/cm3. In some embodiments, a density of the second layer 102g is 0.4 g/cm3, and a thickness of the second layer 102g is 1 mm.
Then, hot pressing and compounding are performed, by using a double steel tape at a temperature ranging from 190° C. to 240° C., on the first sublayer 101g1, the second sublayer 101g2, the second layer 102g, and the third layer 103g that are arranged based on the structure shown in
Then, the composite plate 1b is heated for roll pressing or compression molding. Specifically, the composite plate 1b is continually heated at 190° C. to 240° C. for 1 min to 3 min for softening, and then roll pressing or compression molding is performed to obtain the radome 10 shown in
Characteristics of the radome manufactured by using the composite plate 1b are shown in the following Table 6.
It can be learned from comparison between Table 6 and Table 1 that the first layer 101g of the radome in this embodiment is formed by the glass mats and the PP film, and after being melted through hot pressing, the PP film is filled between the glass mats, so that the glass mats are more compact, impact resistance performance of a first surface layer 100g is improved, and falling hammer impact that can be resisted is increased and may up to more than 1.8 kg (for example, 2 kg or 3 kg). In addition, because the glass mat, the PP film, and the PP foam plate are used, in comparison with the weight of the radome manufactured by using the material shown in Table 1, a weight of the radome manufactured in this embodiment of this application is reduced by 62%. Moreover, it can be learned from Table 6 that a dielectric constant (3.0) and a dielectric loss (0.006) of the radome manufactured in this embodiment of this application are lower than the dielectric constant (4.8) and the dielectric loss (0.03) of the fiberglass in Table 1, and therefore, the radome manufactured in this embodiment of this application has better dielectric performance.
It may be understood that, because the radome 10 is exposed outdoors for a long time, there is also a requirement on weather resistance and appearance aesthetics of the radome 10. Therefore, to improve appearance aesthetics of the radome, a weather-resistant coloring layer 104 may be added on the first layer in the stacked plate 1a shown in
In descriptions of embodiments of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms “installation”, “connection to”, and “connection” should be understood in a broad sense. For example, the connection may be a fixed connection, may be an indirect connection by using an intermediate medium, or may be internal communication between two elements or an interaction relationship between two elements. Persons of ordinary skill in the art may understand specific meanings of the foregoing terms in embodiments of this application based on specific cases.
In the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of embodiments of this application, the terms “first”, “second”, “third”, “fourth”, and the like (if existent) are intended to distinguish between similar objects but do not necessarily indicate a specific order or sequence. It may be understood that the data used in such a way is interchangeable in appropriate circumstances, so that embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in other orders than the order illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms “include”, “have”, and any other variant thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a list of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are expressly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not expressly listed or are inherent to the process, method, product, or device.
It should be noted that the foregoing embodiments are intended for describing the technical solutions of embodiments of this application other than limiting the technical solutions of embodiments of this application. Although embodiments of this application are described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, persons of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they may still make modifications to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent replacements to some or all technical features thereof, without departing from the scope of the technical solutions of embodiments of this application.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 202111179971.3 | Oct 2021 | CN | national |
This application is a continuation of International Application No. PCT/CN2022/123897, filed on Oct. 8, 2022, which claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202111179971.3, filed on Oct. 9, 2021. The disclosures of the aforementioned applications are hereby incorporated by reference in their entireties.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | PCT/CN2022/123897 | Oct 2022 | WO |
| Child | 18629001 | US |
