The present invention relates to a bogie supporting a carbody of a railcar, and particularly to a railcar bogie which prevents a plate spring from falling.
Typically, a bogie of a railcar is constituted by wheels, axles, and a bogie frame. The bogie frame includes a cross beam and a pair of side sills. The cross beam extends in a railcar width direction. The side sills are joined to both respective ends of the cross beam by welding or the like and extend in a front/rear direction. Axle boxes accommodating respective bearings for supporting the axle are supported by an axle box suspension and are configured to be displaceable in an upper/lower direction relative to the bogie frame. Problems of such a bogie are that the manufacturing cost is high due to a large number of welded portions, and the weight of the bogie is heavy. Here, PTL 1 proposes a bogie from which side sills are omitted.
The bogie described in PTL 1 is configured such that: plate springs are used as primary suspensions; front/rear direction middle portions of the plate springs are fixed to both respective railcar width direction end portions of a cross beam; and both front/rear direction end portions of the plate springs are inserted in respective spring receiving portions provided at respective axle boxes. Each of the spring receiving portions described in PTL 1 has a tubular shape, and work of inserting the plate spring into the spring receiving portion is not easy. In addition, the bogie including the plate spring is required to have such a structure that the plate spring hardly falls.
The present invention was made under these circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a railcar bogie including a plate spring, the railcar bogie being configured such that: the plate spring is easily attached to the railcar bogie; and the plate spring hardly falls.
A railcar bogie according to one aspect of the present invention includes: a cross beam extending in a car width direction and supporting a carbody; plate springs extending in a car longitudinal direction and supporting both respective car-width-direction end portions of the cross beam; axle boxes accommodating respective bearings for axles and supporting respective car longitudinal-direction end portions of the plate springs; plate spring receivers each located between the plate spring and the axle box and including an upper surface which is inclined toward a longitudinal-direction middle portion of the plate spring, the upper surface receiving the plate spring; and stoppers each arranged in a vicinity of the car longitudinal-direction end portion of the plate spring so as to cover at least a part of an upper surface of the plate spring, the car longitudinal-direction end portion being located above the axle box.
According to the above railcar bogie, the plate springs can be attached only by placing the members on the upper surfaces of the axle boxes in order, and the plate springs can be prevented from falling by the stoppers.
According to the above configuration, the present invention can provide the railcar bogie configured such that: the plate spring is easily attached to the railcar bogie; and the plate spring hardly falls.
Hereinafter, embodiments will be explained in reference to the drawings. In the following explanations and drawings, the same reference signs are used for the same or corresponding components, and a repetition of the same explanation is avoided.
First, a bogie 100 according to the first embodiment will be explained in reference to
The wheels 10 are provided at four respective positions of the bogie 100. As shown in
Each of the axle boxes 20 is a member accommodating the bearing 12 and supporting the plate spring 40 via the plate spring receiver 50 and the gap body 60 described later.
The axle box 20 includes a locking member 27. The locking member 27 is located at a car-longitudinal-direction outer side of the axle box main body 21 and formed so as to extend toward the car-longitudinal-direction outer side. The locking member 27 is formed so as to penetrate a below-described locking hole 59 (see
The cross beam 30 is a member supporting a carbody 101. As shown in
Each of the plate springs 40 is a member having both the function of a conventional coil spring (primary suspension) and the function of a conventional side sill. The plate springs 40 extend in the car longitudinal direction. Middle portions of the plate springs 40 support both respective car-width-direction end portions of the cross beam 30 via respective contacting members 35. Both longitudinal-direction end portions of the plate spring 40 are supported by the axle boxes 20 via the plate spring receivers 50 and the like. In a side view, the plate spring 40 has a bow shape that is convex downward. Therefore, force in a direction toward the longitudinal-direction middle portion of the plate spring 40 is being applied to each of both car-longitudinal-direction end portions of the plate spring 40 at all times. A material of the plate spring 40 is not especially limited. For example, a composite material constituted by a lower layer portion made of fiber-reinforced resin and an upper layer portion made of thin metal may be used as the material of the plate spring 40. The longitudinal-direction middle portion of the plate spring 40 is thicker than each of both longitudinal-direction end portions of the plate spring 40.
Each of the plate spring receivers 50 is a member located at a longitudinal-direction end portion of the plate spring 40 and receiving the plate spring 40 on an upper surface of the plate spring receiver 50. As shown in
The locked member 52 is a portion locked with the locking member 27 of the axle box 20. As shown in
The gap body 60 is a member arranged between the plate spring receiver 50 and the axle box 20. As shown in
The stopper 70 is a member which prevents the plate spring 40 from falling. The stopper 70 is arranged in the vicinity of the longitudinal-direction end portion of the plate spring 40 so as to cover at least a part of the upper surface of the plate spring 40, the longitudinal-direction end portion being located above the axle box 20. The stopper 70 of the present embodiment includes an upper surface portion 71 and side surface portions 72. The upper surface portion 71 is located above the plate spring 40. The side surface portions 72 are located at both respective car-width-direction ends of the upper surface portion 71 and fixed to the side surfaces of the plate spring receiver 50. Specifically, each of the side surface portions 72 is fixed to the car-width-direction side surface of the plate spring receiver 50 by screws 73. In the present embodiment, the upper surface portion 71 is configured to cover the plate spring 40 entirely in the car width direction. However, the upper surface portion 71 may be configured to cover the plate spring 40 partially in the car width direction. For example, the stopper 70 may be formed in an L shape, and such stoppers 70 may be fixed to both respective car-width-direction side surfaces of the plate spring receiver 50. The stopper 70 may not be configured to be detachable from the plate spring receiver 50, but the stopper 70 and the plate spring receiver 50 may be formed integrally.
Next, a method of attaching the plate spring 40 will be explained in reference to
As described above, the plate spring 40 has a bow shape. Therefore, the plate spring 40 is stable in a state where the force toward the longitudinal-direction middle portion is being applied to each of both longitudinal-direction end portions. Therefore, both longitudinal-direction end portions of the plate spring 40 are hardly displaced in the direction toward the longitudinal-direction middle portion. On this account, since the upper surface of the plate spring receiver 50 is inclined toward the longitudinal-direction middle portion of the plate spring 40 along the shape of the plate spring 40, the plate spring 40 is hardly displaced on the upper surface of the plate spring receiver 50. Thus, according to the present embodiment, although the plate spring 40 is attached just by stacking the members, the plate spring 40 does not fall in a normal operation state.
However, if an impact much higher than an impact at the time of the normal operation is applied to the plate spring 40 when, for example, the railcar 102 derails, the plate spring 40 may float up. If the plate spring 40 floats up, the plate spring 40 is caught by the stopper 70, and the plate spring receiver 50 tries to float up. However, the locked member 52 of the plate spring receiver 50 is locked with the locking member 27 of the axle box 20. Thus, the plate spring receiver 50 is prevented from floating up. As a result, the upward movement of the plate spring 40 relative to the axle box 20 is restricted. Thus, the plate spring 40 can be prevented from falling from the plate spring receiver 50, and the plate spring receiver 50 can be prevented from falling from the axle box 20.
Next, a bogie 200 according to the second embodiment will be explained in reference to
The stopper holding members 74 are located at both respective car-width-direction sides of the plate spring 40. Lower end portions of the stopper holding members 74 are fixed to the axle box 20. As shown in
The bogie 200 according to the present embodiment is configured as above. Therefore, as with the first embodiment, the members are stacked, the plate spring 40 is then placed on the plate spring receiver main body 51, and the stoppers 70 are finally attached to the stopper holding members 74. Thus, the work of attaching the plate spring 40 is completed. As above, even in the present embodiment, the plate spring 40 can be attached easily. In the present embodiment, even if the plate spring 40 floats up, the plate spring 40 contacts the stopper 70, so that the upward movement of the plate spring 40 is restricted. Therefore, in the bogie 200 according to the present embodiment, the upward movement of the plate spring 40 and the upward movement of the plate spring receiver 50 are restricted. Thus, the plate spring 40 can be prevented from falling from the plate spring receiver 50, and the plate spring receiver 50 can be prevented from falling from the axle box 20.
As above, each of the bogie according to the first embodiment and the bogie according to the second embodiment includes: a cross beam extending in a car width direction and supporting a carbody; plate springs extending in a car longitudinal direction and supporting both respective car-width-direction end portions of the cross beam; axle boxes accommodating respective bearings for axles and supporting respective car longitudinal-direction end portions of the plate springs; plate spring receivers each located between the plate spring and the axle box and including an upper surface which is inclined toward a longitudinal-direction middle portion of the plate spring, the upper surface receiving the plate spring; and stoppers each arranged in a vicinity of the car longitudinal-direction end portion of the plate spring so as to cover an upper surface of the plate spring, the car longitudinal-direction end portion being located above the axle box. Therefore, as described above, according to the bogie, the plate spring can be easily attached to the bogie, and the plate spring can be prevented from falling.
The bogie according to the first embodiment is configured such that: the stoppers are fixed to the respective plate spring receivers; and upward movements of the plate spring receivers relative to the axle boxes are restricted. Therefore, even if the plate spring receiver floats up by the plate spring contacting the stopper, the upward movement of the plate spring receiver is restricted. As a result, the upward movement of the plate spring itself is restricted. Thus, the plate spring can be prevented from falling.
The bogie according to the first embodiment is configured such that: the axle boxes include respective locking members; the plate spring receivers include respective locked members which are locked with the respective locking members; and the upward movements of the plate spring receivers relative to the axle boxes are restricted. Specifically, each of the locked members extends from a car-longitudinal-direction outer side of the plate spring receiver to the axle box and is provided with a locking hole, and each of the locking members extends toward the car-longitudinal-direction outer side and penetrates the locking hole. Therefore, the upward movement of the plate spring receiver relative to the axle box can be restricted by the simple configuration.
The bogie according to the second embodiment further includes stopper holding members located at both car-width-direction sides of the plate springs and fixed to the axle boxes, wherein: the stoppers extend in the car width direction; and both ends of the stoppers are held by the stopper holding members. In this case, the locked member of the plate spring receiver and the locking member of the axle box portion in the first embodiment can be omitted.
The foregoing has explained the embodiments of the present invention in reference to the drawings. However, specific configurations are not limited to these embodiments. Design changes and the like within the scope of the present invention are included in the present invention.
The present invention can provide a railcar bogie configured such that: a plate spring is easily attached to the railcar bogie; and the plate spring hardly falls. Therefore, the present invention is useful in a technical field of railcars.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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2013-002706 | Jan 2013 | JP | national |
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PCT/JP2014/000004 | 1/6/2014 | WO | 00 |
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WO2014/109278 | 7/17/2014 | WO | A |
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