Patent Application
20130139715
(1) Field of the Invention
This invention relates to devices for cutting metal. More particularly, this invention relates to devices for cutting metal using reactive materials.
(2) Description of the Prior Art
Military, law enforcement, and emergency response personnel have a longstanding need for breaching locks, doors and other devices to allow access to closed areas and spaces in time sensitive situations. Similarly, these same communities and other officials who carry guns require a means to instantly tack weld things to metal objects in air or underwater such as bridge abutments, radio towers, ships hulls and other targets.
To be able to instantly perform these tasks underwater, as well as in air, is an enormous benefit, especially in covert and clandestine military operations. These breaching/tack welding devices will greatly increase the probability of mission success and operator safety while reducing the size, weight and time necessary to perform these various purposes, as compared to any system or device currently in use.
Traditionally, electric and gas welding systems have been used for these purposes but are not usually carried into combat, law enforcement, or first responder situations; and must be acquired after a critical circumstance has been neutralized. Additionally, a number of explosive and incendiary devices have been developed that will penetrate and/or weld like and unlike metal; nonetheless, these specialized systems must be planned for in advance, in order to have them available when needed. No prior art exists to convert or develop standard service guns that will accurately and reliably fire normal ammunitions as well as provide the added capabilities of cutting and tack-welding metals: the unique purpose of this invention.
Recent research and development of high power density, chemically reactive materials now make possible its packaging in a manner feasible for use in service weapons for this purpose. Some potentially related systems are explosively driven systems that are of limited value in clandestine or covert operations where minimal noise is critical and explosives create a variety of logistical and operational limitations in both foreign and domestic situations. U.S. Pat. No. 3,724,372 describes the concept of an incendiary device. It is a stand-alone device for defeating Improvised Explosive Devices (IED) and other purposes. It does not encompass the concept of modifying a standard service gun for the purposes of breaching and tack welding metals. Therefore the tactical advantages of the proposed invention are not realized. In a manner, the indicated reference describes a different means of containing and delivering Reactive Materials (RM).
What is needed is a device that enables cutting and/or welding in a clandestine manner in a variety of operating environments including, but not limited to, underwater.
The present invention is a device that enables cutting and/or welding in a clandestine manner in a variety of operating environments including, but not limited to, underwater. The device converts a handgun or other weapon for the purposes of cutting and tack-welding metals. Multiple embodiments are described but the invention is not limited specifically to these embodiments. Some embodiments include the use of a Reactive Material (RM), which is a thermite composition including a metallic powder and an oxidizer which, when ignited, produces an exothermic oxidation-reduction reaction. Examples of RM suitable for the purpose of using the device of the present invention include, but are not limited to mixtures of aluminum and iron oxide or aluminum plus copper oxide. The RM is contained in a containment device, such as a cartridge.
Other embodiments, while useful for RM, improve the firearm itself. The first embodiment is a cartridge that is fed into the breech from the gun's magazine or clip when the muzzle is temporarily fitted with a cutting or welding nozzle. In this case, the gun's breech, barrel and detachable nozzle should be manufactured from heat resistant material such as ceramic, or at least its bore may be fabricated of such material, including the option of using a composite, and/or a ceramic-composite combination, provided such material is either or both of refractory and insulative (at least in comparison to metal).
The second embodiment is a muzzle-loaded sleeve with a fixed end nozzle that slides inside the gun barrel and is ignited by pulling the trigger and causing the hammer to strike the cap that is located in the breech. Because of the extremely high temperature associated with RM, traditional steel gun barrels cannot be exposed to the burning process; therefore, in the second embodiment the muzzle-loaded sleeve should be made from a material (such as ceramic, composite and/or ceramic-composite material, or at least its bore may be fabricated of such material, including the option of using a composite, and/or a ceramic-composite combination) that can withstand the extremely high temperatures generated by the RM. In both embodiments, the weapon may still be able to function as a normal gun before and after using it for the purpose of cutting or spot welding metal. It is also to be noted that the adaptive muzzle of the present invention may be used with some other sort of tool not limited to a gun, wherein the adaptive muzzle includes an adaptive nozzle and a tube affixed to the nozzle, wherein the tube includes the reactive material therein and includes means for igniting the reactive material for passage through the adaptive nozzle. The tool to enable the directed passage of the ignited reactive material to a desired location may be a gun barrel but is not limited thereto.
The present invention is also a breaching device that may be used to create a linear and, if desired, continuous, cut or breach in a metal structure. The cut or breach created may be non-linear in shape and not deviate from the functionality of the device. The device includes a plurality of containers joined together, such as by a metal wire or the like to form a series of cutting charges. One or more of the containers includes Reactive Material (RM) that may be ignited electronically or some other activation mechanism. The containers that do contain RM are sealed with the RM therein and preferably fabricated to be sufficiently heat resistant so that the RM is only ignited intentionally. The RM that is contained in the containers may be fired simultaneously, sequentially or in a programmed pattern, depending on the requirements of the application. The breaching device may be used to control the breaching of a structure under a wide range of conditions. For example, conventional explosive “linear shaped charges” that exist for underwater and above water breaching can be used to open a substrate, these existing devices must be activated remotely so as to prevent harm to any person operating it. They can also be unwieldy and difficult to apply on other than flat surfaces. The present invention, on the other hand, is manageable under different conditions and the operator can be close at hand to activate it as the energy generated with the device is substantially completely directed to the substrate to be breached and the possibility of an adverse condition resulting from a shock wave, for example, is minimized. This and other advantages of the present invention will become more apparent upon review of the following detailed description, the attached drawings and the appended claims.
A first embodiment of a cutting/welding device of the present invention is shown in
The barrel 1 may duplicate, in general form, existing barrels used in weapons currently in service or it may be a new gun barrel design to accommodate increased dimensions to the sidewall of the barrel 1, changes in weight that might affect the semi-automatic function of the gun and/or other mechanical issues. Additionally, the interior surface of the gun barrel 1 may include polygonal rifling rather than lands and grooves, or such other form of rifling as described herein. For illustration purposes only, the gun represented in
There is a means to temporarily attach to the gun barrel 1 one or more nozzles 13 used for cutting and tack-welding. This “means” may be a dogging device, threads or some other locking mechanism. The barrel 1 is composed of heat resistant ceramic and/or composite materials that can withstand repeated, extremely high temperatures and rapid temperature fluctuations. The entirety of the barrel 1 may be made of ceramic or such other material, or at least its bore may be fabricated of such material. Semi-automatic handguns are the most likely weapon to be configured for the dual purpose of shooting projectiles as well as cutting and tack-welding. Because the breech 5 is contiguous to the barrel 1, no leakage of RM during ignition will occur: a problem that would likely happen with a revolver. Nonetheless, a semi-automatic gun that normally chambers the next round is not expected to semi-automatically feed RM cartridges 6 because there will be insufficient blow-back pressure. Each cartridge 6 may be manually fed using the gun's slide 2 to insert another round from the magazine 3.
The RM cartridge casing 8 shown in
The cutting nozzle 15 is mechanically attached to the gun barrel with a dogging system or some other means and is used only with RM cartridges 6 designed for cutting metal. The nozzle 13/14 is composed of a robust material that can tolerate extremely high temperatures. The material may be a ceramic material, such as a composite-reinforced ceramic. The nozzle 13/14 may be fabricated completely of such material, or it may include at least a bore made of such material. The outer shape of the cutting nozzle 15 is the cylindrical body 16 to differentiate it from the tack-welding nozzle 20 and the front face 18 of the cutting nozzle 16 is concave or V shaped. The slot opening 17 extends through the center and at 90° to the V-shaped or curved front face 18. This embodiment allows for easily centering and holding the nozzle 18 over a rod or bar stock to be breached. Any sort of focusing configuration of the portal 19 can be of benefit in modifying the velocity of the output of the RM 7.
The detachable tack-welding nozzle 20 attaches to the gun barrel 1 in the same manner as the cutting nozzle 15 with male/female interface 13/14, a dogging system or some other means. Rather than being cylindrical like the cutting nozzle 15, the front of the nozzle 20 includes a focusing pointed end 21 to differentiate it. An internal chamber 23 of the nozzle 20 is designed to form a vortex and there is a round orifice 22 rather than a slot to concentrate burning reactive material for the purpose of tack-welding.
It is contemplated that selectable configurations of the RM cartridges 6 may be created and employed as a function of whether a fast or a slow (quiet) burn is preferred. Each cartridge form may require a certain form of the barrel 1 and/or either or both of the cutting nozzle 15 and the tack welding nozzle 20. They may further be configured with a unique shape to aid with identification when operational visibility is limited. Standard magazines 3 may also be modified so that a nozzle can be fixed to it when RM rounds are not in use in order to have the correct nozzle available when needed. In addition, a specific rotation of the RM gasses may assist in the kinetics of the RM function for vortex control.
A second embodiment of a cutting/welding device of the present invention is shown in
The heat resistant tube 26 is configured to extend substantially the entire length of the gun barrel 1 and extending through the breech 5, is fitted with a center fire primer 27 or impact initiated electronic device at the point where the gun's hammer can ignite the device corresponding in that manner to the operation of the gun of
This second embodiment does not offer the convenience of rapidly firing a series of incendiary rounds or the convenience of being stored and available in a standard gun magazine as is provided by the embodiment of
This muzzle-loaded embodiment may be held in place at the muzzle of the barrel 1 by friction, magnet or some other means. It may also be used with a ceramic gun barrel, or barrel with a ceramic bore, that can utilize the magazine fed RM cartridges 6. The section of the tube 26 that extends into the breech 5 may require additional thickness or may optionally be the inert plug 29 to prevent splaying of the device 24 in the breech 5 during ignition that might prevent easy extraction following its use.
As seen in
Like the previously described embodiment, the cutting nozzle 28 may have a slotted or some other configuration designed to increase the cutting efficiency of the torch established upon ignition of the RM 7.
The muzzle loaded tack-welding device 31 shown in
An additional enhancement of the present invention to increase the effectiveness of the tool and/or the functioning of the RM 7 includes a reduction of stress concentrations in the bore while still providing rifling that imparts spin to the projectile existing the barrel. An example of such stress concentration rifling is an oval rifling configuration in the bore, as represented in
The interior of the barrel of the present invention may optionally be configured to minimize stress concentration sites in the bore. In particular, the interior of the barrel is configured with rotating (i.e., circumscribing) oval-shaped rifling, which imparts the force to the projectile that causes it to rotate as it departs the muzzle. That is, the barrel includes a helical bore comprising an oval cross section wherein the lands represent the minima of the oval and the grooves represent the maxima of the oval. When the barrel and/or nozzle of the tool of the present invention is fabricated of a non-metallic material such as a ceramic or a composite-reinforced ceramic, including such a tool with a bore that is fabricated of such material, with a portion or the remainder of the tool fabricated of another material, the elimination of sharp vertices, such as through the use of oval-shaped rifling, minimizes the existence of stress concentrations of the barrel by dispersing stresses evenly around the barrel hoop, thereby reducing the likelihood of causing some form of damage to the barrel upon projectile activation. Further, the oval-shaped rifling limits cutting into the projectile jacket that occurs with conventional rectangular lands and grooves, which cutting may cause drag and uneven spin of the projectile, thereby reducing its accuracy and distance. The oval rifling need only be of sufficient dimension to impart spin to the projectile, which is also enough to enable detection of tool marks for identification purposes, The extent, shape and periodicity of the oval rifling may be selectable as a function of the desired speed and rotation rate for the projectile expelled from the barrel/nozzle, but not so significant as to cause substantial scoring of the projectile jacket.
The present invention also includes the option of providing a barrel including a bore with tailored rifling, whether the barrel is made of ceramic material, composite material or a combination of the two, either for its entirety or a portion thereof including the bore. For example and without intent to be limiting, the bore near the breech may have no rifling, while rifling may be formed between the breech and the muzzle. That rifling may be constant or it may be varied. For example, the rifling may part an initial relatively slow spin to the projectile and then increase the rate of spin as the projectile reaches the muzzle.
The present invention also includes the option of providing in a barrel including at least a ceramic, composite or ceramic-composite bore, one or more electrically conductive components that may be used to create a spark gap. The spark gap may be employed to activate something associated with the projectile. For example, the spark gap may be located near the breech such that when the projectile is actuated, a spark is generated that activates the projectile. This may be useful to regulate activation of a projectile such as one including the RM material, whether provided as a cased or a caseless projectile.
The terminus of the barrel may also be configured with reduced dimensions, and/or the barrel may be tapered for a portion or all of its length, at least at the interior diameter to create a squeeze bore. That configuration minimizes hysteresis of the barrel during projectile passage and may be of particular usefulness when the barrel is fabricated with ceramic or composite-reinforced ceramic, or at least with a bore fabricated of such material. A tapered or reduced inside dimension barrel restricts gas leakage around the perimeter of the projectile as it passes through the barrel. The resultant effect is greater pressure behind the projectile as it exits the barrel so that it may travel farther with the same original energy than is possible with a barrel configured to permit gas to pass around the projectile prior to its exit.
Another tool 100 for retaining and firing RM cartridges 6 is shown in
The present invention has been described with attention paid primarily to firearms and handheld-type tools that are not specifically firearms, all with the characteristic of enabling the delivery of RM from such a device to a target, whether for cutting, welding or other purposes. It is noted that the features of the barrel, nozzle, tube or the like described herein as one or more aspects of a handheld device may also be applicable in the delivery of a projectile and in the delivery of the energy of RM from equipment, a tool, or the like that is more stationary in nature. For example, and without intending to be limiting, the features of the delivery system described herein may be embodied in a machine, mounted, or unmounted, for manual control, as well as computer-controlled devices such as CNC machines. At least the bores of such devices and equipment can incorporate the features of including nonmetallic material (ceramics, composites and/or a combination of the two, for example), oval rifling, variability of rifling, tapering and electronic activation options all described herein, to enhance the effectiveness, accuracy and energy associated with a projectile delivered or activated, such as RM. Such devices would be operable more as manufacturing machines with better functionality rather than a firearm with better functionality. It is also to be noted that while the present invention has been described with respect to the removable attachment of the adaptive nozzle to a muzzle of a firearm, it is to be understood that the muzzle may also be that of another type of tool including, for example, the muzzle of a piece of manufacturing equipment. Therefore, the terms “muzzle” and “barrel” are to be construed broadly and not limited to the muzzle or barrel of a firearm.
The present invention further includes a linear breaching device, an example of which is shown in
The RM that is contained in the containers 304 may be fired simultaneously, sequentially or in a programmed pattern, depending on the requirements of the application. There is no need to use a flame tube to ignite the RM in the containers 304. Instead, the RM in each of the containers 304 is ignited directly by RM igniter 308 positioned in first portal 307. The RM igniter 308 may be an electric match such as, for example, the J-Tek Electric Match available from MJG Technologies of Blenheim, N.J., or a chemical delay system similar to those used in millisecond delay electric blasting caps, that is activated by the ignition control mechanism 301 rather than an impact ignited cartridge primer normally found in center fire rounds used in side arms and rifles. The ignition control mechanism 301 generates a spark at the RM igniter 308 that in turn ignites the RM from the front of the inside chamber where the RM is contained. The resulting high temperature abrasive flame generated passes through the first portal 307 into the chamber 309 and out of the container 304 of a second portal 310 or nozzle.
The device 300 may alternatively be activated through a hard wire connected to a cap blasting device, such as a Twist Type 10 cap blasting device available from Blasters Tool and Supply Company of Lawrenceburg, Ky., triggered with a timing mechanism or fired remotely such as with a 1664 Remote Blasting System also available from Blasters Tool and Supply Company, in the same manner that explosives are normally detonated in a commercial setting. The breaching device 300 may be attached to a metal target such as the substrate 302 magnetically or by other means, such as adhesive or welding if the substrate 302 is not conducive to magnetic attachment. The containers 304 may be sized and shaped in a selectable way dependent on the function of the device 300. The device 300 includes, but does not have to include, an ignition control mechanism 305 attached to the set of containers 304. The ignition control mechanism 305 may be attached to the substrate 302 in the same manner as that of the containers 304.
In the case of military operations, the ignition control mechanism 301 may require government classified arming and ignition systems currently used to detonate explosives during military training and combat operations. These may include a keyed series of sound frequencies for underwater applications or LASER light or another kind of signal in air. An integrated battery-powered device that provides a way to select and control the ignition of the containers 304, the sequence of ignition of the individual containers 304 and the timing of the selected sequence. These settings can be selected by the operator using the device 300 at the location of intended use and provide a way to prevent an unauthorized party from overriding the operator-selected ignition program once it has been initiated. The ignition control mechanism 305 may be contained in a waterproof and/or shockproof housing and shielded from static electricity or electromagnetic influences that could result in the unintended ignition or intended ignition failure of the device 300.
The ignition control mechanism 301 may be programmed to ignite the RM in one or more of the containers 304. It may be programmed to ignite the RM in the containers 304 simultaneously, sequentially or in a preselected pattern. The ignition itself may be initiated remotely, through a set timer or manually. The ignition may be initiated so that the RM in the device 300 is fired by time delay, predetermined time, controlled ignition (that is hard wired), and remotely, such as by keyed sequence of sound frequencies or optical frequencies for use in water and in the air.
As shown in
The container 304, or at least all or a portion of the contact end 306, may be fabricated of a magnetic ceramic material or other materials of the type described herein. The contact ends 306 of a plurality of containers 304 joined together to form the device 300 may be aligned and configured in order to allow burning RM exiting therefrom onto the substrate 302 in a selectable pattern including, but not limited to, an overlapping pattern so that there are no gaps in the burning of the substrate 302 where desired. The device 300 may be configured in all manner of forms with various container and portal patterns to create breaches of the substrate 302 in any pattern of interest.
The device of the present invention provides for effective breaching, cutting and/or welding under a range of conditions (in air or underwater) with a device that is portable and more manageable under a wide range of operating environments than is available with existing cutting/welding tools and systems. These advantages are provided in the example embodiments of the invention described and shown, as well as with other embodiments incorporating the features described herein. The invention is not limited to the specific arrangements and example described herein. It is to be understood that the invention includes all reasonable equivalents.
This application is a continuation-in-part and claims the priority benefit of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/495,058 filed Jun. 13, 2012, entitled “APPARATUS FOR METAL CUTTING AND WELDING” having a common inventor thereof, which pending application is a nonprovisional and claims the priority benefit of U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 61/520,593, filed Jun. 13, 2011, entitled “METAL CUTTING/TRACK WELDING KIT FOR SERVICE SIDEARM OR OTHER GUN.” The entire content of the priority applications is incorporated herein by reference.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 61520593 | Jun 2011 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 13495058 | Jun 2012 | US |
| Child | 13747596 | US |
