This patent application is based upon, and claims the benefit of priority of Japanese Patent Application No. 2016-099494 filed on May 18, 2016, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
The embodiments discussed herein relate to a reading comprehension assistance apparatus, and a reading comprehension assistance method.
In the use of applications, web services, etc., users are expected to have obligations to carefully read documents such as terms of use and privacy policy. Users may thus be in charge of their responsibility when they violate rules and regulations. However, documents such as terms of use are long and difficult to understand, and many users feel confirmation of the terms burdensome, and may start using services, etc., without fully understanding conditions of use; some users may suffer an unreasonable loss later as a result.
For example, in a case of terms of use for SNS (Social Networking Service), such terms may include wordings such as transmitting to a large number of unspecified people information about opening of an event accompanied by some kind of money transfer via the SNS, i.e., prohibiting the use of SNS for sales purposes. Such behavior may be accidentally performed by general users, and the users may suffer an unreasonable loss if they do not thoroughly read and understand such terms of use. As another example, there may be a case where a user does not thoroughly read the terms in selecting a course of voluntary insurance of a car. In such a case, the user may select a course that is not accompanied by personal injury protection coverage (including compensation for injured fellow passengers).
When document creators ambiguously describe terms and the like so as to be interpreted differently among people, it becomes disadvantageous for the document creators to have disputes over different interpretations. The description of the terms may thus be specific and the document becomes long and difficult as a result. Nevertheless, the document creators would also like to minimize the cost corresponding to complaints and inquiries from users.
Meanwhile, there is known in the art a technology for improving a user interface of a screen to direct users' attention on important points by highlighting or the like in order to encourage users' understanding of display contents (see Patent Documents 1 to 3).
Patent Document 1: WO 03/103564
Patent Document 2: Japanese Laid-open Patent Publication No. 2010-55231
Patent Document 3: Japanese Laid-open Patent Publication No. 2014-63483
According to an aspect of the embodiments, a reading comprehension assistance apparatus includes a reading comprehension assistance apparatus having one or more processors programmed to execute a process. The process includes acquiring information indicating behavior with respect to attention portions of respective users who read a document; specifying a user who properly reads the document based on the acquired information indicating behavior of the attention portions; estimating one or more high attention portions having attention focused on by the high-reliability users who have properly read the document based on the information indicating the behavior with respect to the attention portions; and presenting the one or more high attention portions.
The object and advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by means of the elements and combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory and are not restrictive of the invention.
Additional objects and advantages of the embodiments will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Documents such as terms of use or the like are difficult to read because it is difficult to simplify the description due to the importance of contents and the like of such documents. Thus, it has been desired to have a system that enables users to recognize important information in the document as well as facilitating document readability of the users.
In this case, it is generally difficult for a document creator to evaluate the importance levels of different parts of the document from the document creator's viewpoint and position in order to make important information stand out by highlighting or the like. The document will thus have many parts that are considered to be of importance. As a result, the users will disregard the highlight or the like, which no longer makes sense to the users, and it will become difficult to substantially raise the recognition rate for important information.
Thus, it is an object in one aspect of embodiments to assist in raising a recognition rate of important information in a document.
The following illustrates preferred embodiments with reference the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following description includes the terms of use as an example of a document to be viewed; however, any documents other than the terms of use may be a document to be viewed.
Configuration
In
The log receiver-aggregator 21 has a function to receive a terms reading-comprehension log (46) (see
The high-reliability user's attention portion extractor 24 has a function to extract a high attention portion having attention focused on by multiple high-reliability users within the terms (an overlapped portion of character strings having attention focused on by multiple high-reliability users), to calculate, as indices of attention levels, a mean attention time, an attention ratio and the like of the high-reliability users, and to output the calculated mean attention time, attention ratio and the like to the attention portion DB 25. The attention portion distributer 26 has a function to provide, in response to a request from the terminal 4, information on an attention portion of the corresponding terms stored in the attention portion DB 25.
The terms viewer 40 serves as a general-purpose browser or a dedicated application, which has a function to access the terms server 1 to browse the terms. The behavior acquirer 41 has a function to monitor the activation of the terms viewer 40 and acquire information indicating the behavior of the user's operation such as scrolling of the screen during activation and a position of the mouse cursor to output the acquired information to a behavior log 42. The terms screen detector 44 has a function to detect a terms-of-use screen by referring to the behavior log 42 to match the character string of the title bar or the character string of the terms text file on the display screen of the terms viewer 40 and a terms-specific word retained in a terms-specific word DB 43 in association with the terms ID.
The attention portion estimator 45 estimates the attention portion of the user in the terms text from a retaining state of the attention position and obtains an attention time (a reference time) based on the behavior log 42, and then outputs information including the attention portion, attention time and the like to the terms reading-comprehension log 46. The output information may include other information such as run the mouse cursor over the character string. The log transmitter 47 has a function to transmit contents of the terms reading-comprehension log 46 to the analysis server 2 at a predetermined timing.
The attention portion inquirer 48 has a function to acquire information about the attention portion. When the terms screen detector 44 detects that the user is reading the terms, the attention portion inquirer 48 transmits to the analysis server 2 an inquiry about whether there is information about the attention portion of the high-reliability user who has previously read the same terms, and acquire, when there is such information, the information about the attention portion of the high-reliability user who has previously read the same terms. The attention portion presenter 49 has a function to present information on the attention portion to the user when the attention portion inquirer 48 has acquired the information on the attention portion.
The functions of the terms server 1 and the like described in
Programs for operating the log receiver-aggregator 21, the high-reliability user extractor 23, the high-reliability user's attention portion extractor 24 and the attention portion distributer 26 of the analysis server 2 in
Operations
Information indicating behavior of the user operation is acquired by the behavior acquirer 41 and recorded in the behavior log 42 (step S104).
It is assumed in this example that a character string at the attention position acquires a character string of one line of the line on which the mouse cursor is placed; however, a character string of a predetermined number of characters before and after the character on which the mouse cursor is placed may be acquired or a character string cut out at a portion where a punctuation mark, a particle or the like is recognized and separated at a delimited position may be obtained. These strings are acquired from a file such as HTML serving as a source to be displayed on the screen. The position on the terms indicates the position (line position, character position, etc.) in the file of the terms of the representative position (head, center, tail, etc.) of the character string at the attention position. The position on the terms is acquired from a file such as HTML serving as a source to be displayed on the screen. The position on the terms may be accompanied by a total amount of the terms. This enables a user to check a current position of all the terms to which the terms has been read. Since a correspondence between the “position of the scroll bar” or the “position of the mouse cursor” and the “character string” changes depending on the size of the display screen and the font size of the character, such a correspondence will not be used as an absolute position index; however, the correspondence may be used to specify the position. Accordingly, the “position of the scroll bar” or the “position of the mouse cursor” may be managed as the “position on the terms”. In this case, matching of the character string needs to be determined to specify a rigorous position.
Referring back to
Referring back to
Next, based on the behavior log 42, the attention portion estimator 45 estimates the attention portion of the user in the terms text from a retaining state of the attention position, obtains an attention time (a reference time), and outputs the obtained attention time to a terms reading-comprehension log 46 (step S108).
Referring to
Upon reception of a log, the log receiver-aggregator 21 of the analysis server 2 aggregates multiple logs received immediately before and after the currently received log, and outputs the aggregated logs to the aggregated log 22 (step S112).
Referring back to
Referring back to
Referring back to
Information indicating behavior instances of the user operation is acquired by the behavior acquirer 41 and recorded in the behavior log 42 (step S134).
Subsequently, the terms screen detector 44 compares a character string at an attention position of the behavior log 42 or a character string of a title bar of the display screen with a terms-specific word of the terms-specific word DB 43. This comparison enables the terms screen detector 44 to detect a currently displayed terms screen and specify a terms ID (step S135).
When the terms screen is detected by the terms screen detector 44, the attention portion inquirer 48 designates the terms ID and queries the analysis server 2 about an attention portion (step S136). In response to this inquiry, the attention portion distributer 26 of the analysis server 2 determines whether the attention portion distributer 26 of the analysis server 2 determines whether the attention portion the designated terms ID is registered in the attention portion DB 25. In this case, it is assumed that there is an attention portion corresponding to the designated terms ID and the attention portion is returned (step S137).
In response to this return, the attention portion presenter 49 of the terminal 4 presents an attention attracting display by highlighting the overlapped portion of the terms text or pop-up overlay display (step S138).
For an attention portion next to the top three items, for example, a popup is displayed in yellow and no close button is provided. That is, in
As described above, since an added value of an attention portion where those users who read the terms properly is provided in the terms text, a user may be able to read the long terms text with awareness. Since the terms text is accompanied by identities of the users who properly read information and the terms of what percentage of these users who read the terms is paying attention to a particular portion of the terms may further enhance awareness of a user who reads the terms due to a sense of affinity or authority orientation.
Referring back to
Overview
As described above, the disclosed technology according to the embodiments, based on behavior of a user who properly reads a document, assigns priorities to important portions in the document from the user's viewpoint, and displays the important portions based on the assigned priorities, thereby raising the recognition rate of important information in the document.
The disclosed technology may assist in improving a recognition rate of important information in documents.
The preferred embodiments are described above. The embodiments of the present invention are illustrated with specific examples; however, the present invention is not limited to these examples, and various alterations or changes may be made without departing from the gist and the scope of the claims of the present invention. Specifically, the present invention shall not be construed as being limited to details of the specific examples and accompanying drawings thereof.
All examples and conditional language recited herein are intended for pedagogical purposes to aid the reader in understanding the invention and the concepts contributed by the inventor to furthering the art, and are to be construed as being without limitation to such specifically recited examples and conditions, nor does the organization of such examples in the specification relate to a showing of the superiority or inferiority of the invention. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, it should be understood that the various changes, substitutions, and alterations could be made hereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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2016-099494 | May 2016 | JP | national |